Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23B—TURNING; BORING
  • B23B3/00—General-purpose turning-machines or devices, e.g. centre lathes with feed rod and lead screw; Sets of turning-machines
  • B23B3/16—Turret lathes for turning individually-chucked workpieces
  • B23B3/167—Turret lathes for turning individually-chucked workpieces lathe with two or more toolslides carrying turrets

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a machine tool such as a lathe.
• a machine tool having a work table and a tool table opposed to each other in a direction of a fixed axis and machining a work by a tool is generally used.
• the workpiece is supported on the work table, and the tool is supported on the tool table.
• the workpiece or the tool is rotationally driven by a rotation drive mechanism such as a motor, and the workpiece table and the tool table are relatively fed in the direction of the opposite axis or the direction of the axis crossing the opposite axis.
• a rotation drive mechanism such as a motor
• the workpiece and the tool table are relatively sent in the direction of the opposite axis. Therefore, the tool on the tool rest comes into contact with the workpiece, and the workpiece is machined by the tool.
• the work table and the tool table are often sent in the direction of an axis that intersects the opposite axis.
• the tool is rotationally driven by a rotary drive mechanism.
• an object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved machine tool that solves the above-mentioned conventional problems.
• Another object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved machine tool in which tools can be easily changed.
• Another object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved machine tool in which tool exchange is easy, the configuration is simple, and the cost is low.
• Another object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved machine tool in which a tool can be easily exchanged and the machining accuracy can be increased.
• Another object of the present invention is that the tool can be easily changed, and furthermore, the work table is driven to rotate around its axis, the work can be machined by the fixed tool, and the work table is not rotated. It is an object of the present invention to provide a machine tool that can lock and machine a workpiece with a rotary tool.
• the workpiece table and the tool table are relatively moved in the direction of the direction of the axis or the direction of the axis crossing the opposite axis, and the workpiece is machined by the tool.
• the machine tool ⁇ has first, second, and third axes that substantially constitute a spatial coordinate system, and is multi-tiered with respect to the first and second axes. It has various kinds of tools supported on the table.
• the work table and the tool table are opposed to each other in the direction of the third axis, and are guided to move relatively in the directions of the first, second, and third axes.
• the work table and the tool table are relatively moved in the direction of the first and second axes, whereby the tools used are changed. Thereafter, the work table and the tool table are relatively moved in the direction of the third axis, and the work is machined by the tool.
• the work table and the tool table may be sent in the direction of the first or second axis, whereby the tool may be used to machine the work.
• a means for rotating the worktable about its axis is provided.
• the various types of tools are preferably composed of fixed tools such as bytes and rotating tools such as end mills. Therefore, the worktable can be driven to rotate around its axis, the work can be machined by the fixed tool, the worktable can be locked from rotating, and the work can be machined by the rotating tool. You can also.
• means for guiding the tool table to move in the direction of the first and third axes and means for guiding the work table to move in the direction of the second axis.
• the means for guiding the tool platform to move in the direction of the first axis may comprise a saddle engaged with a guide rail of a bed extending in the direction of the first axis.
• the means for guiding the tool rest to move in the direction of the third axis may comprise a table engaged with a guide rail of a saddle extending in the direction of the third axis, wherein the tool stand is Fixedly attached to the table.
• the means for carrying out may comprise a carriage engaged with a guide rail of a column extending in the direction of the second axis, wherein the worktable is rotatably mounted on the carriage.
• the means for feeding the tool set in the direction of the first axis consists of a ball screw extending in the direction of the first axis screwed to the saddle, and a servomotor mounted on the bed and operatively connected to the ball screw of the saddle. It may be something.
• the means for feeding the workpiece in the direction of the second axis consists of a ball screw that is screwed to the carriage and extends in the direction of the second axis, and a servo motor that is built into the column and is connected to the ball screw of the carriage and is connected to the carriage. It may be something.
• the means for feeding the fixture in the direction of the third axis consists of a ball screw extending in the direction of the third axis screwed to the table, and a servomotor mounted on the saddle and operatively connected to the ball screw of the table. It may be something. '
• FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of the present invention
• Fig. 2 is a front view of the work table of Fig. 1,
• Fig. 3 is a side view of the work table of Fig. 1,
• Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in Fig. 2,
• Fig. 5 is a rear cross-sectional view of the column and the bed in Fig. 1,
• FIGS. 6 and 7 are side sectional views showing the worktable rotation drive system of FIG. 5, and FIGS. 8 to 10 are explanatory views showing the relationship between the tool table and the workpiece in FIG. 2, respectively.
• FIG. 11 is a side view showing another embodiment of the present invention.
• FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing a machine tool in which only the tool stand is moved
• FIG. 13 is an end view of FIG.
• a machine tool having first, second and third axes (X, ⁇ , Z), the axis (X) extending left and right, the axis (Y) extending vertically, The axis (Z) extends in the front-back direction.
• Each axis (X, Y, Z) extends in a direction perpendicular to each other, forming an orthogonal space coordinate system.
• the workpiece is supported by the work table (1), and the tool is supported by the tool table (2).
• the tool rest (2) has a spindle unit (3>) for rotary tools, the spindle unit (3) being arranged in a plane perpendicular to the axis (Z), It is mounted on a plate (5) fixed to the table (4), and a plurality of rotary tools ( ⁇ , ⁇ 2, T) are arranged in multiple stages along the axis (X, Y), and each spindle unit (
• an end mill is used as a tool (Ti)
• a drill is used as a tool (T 2 )
• a reamer is used as a tool ( ⁇ .
• Each tool ( ⁇ , ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3) has the axis parallel to the axis (Zeta).
• urchin I are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a plurality of drive motors (Micromax spindle Interview Stevenage preparative (3)) Is fixed, and the tools ( ⁇ , ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3) are the spindle of the spindle unit (3). Transmission-coupled to the transmission shaft (6) and drive motor (Micromax).
• E Ndomiru is used as a rotary tool (.tau.4), the tool (T is held by the holder (Eta 4), the holder ( H 4) is also fixed to the spindle unit (3)
• the tool (T 4) has an axis (X) and a parallel axis and is arranged between the tools (Ti, T 2, T 3 ) and the holder ( H 4 ) is driven by the spindle and drive motor, and between the spindle unit (3) and the plate (5), a T-slot (7) is formed in the plate (5).
• the T-slot (7) extends in the direction of the axis (X), and the bolt (9) is tightened to the nut (8), and the spindle unit (3) Is attached and fixed to the plate (5).
• the spindle unit (3) can be moved along the T-slot (7). Therefore, it is possible to adjust the position of the tool ( ⁇ 4> in the direction of the axis (X).
• a holder base (10) for fixing tools is mounted on the plate (5) of the table (4), the holder base (10) being spaced from the spindle unit (3) in the direction of the axis (X). It is arranged. Also, like the spindle unit (3), the holder base (10) is also arranged in a plane perpendicular to the axis ( ⁇ ).
• the holder base (10) is composed of a plurality of divided bases (101 to i (H)), and the divided bases (10 ⁇ to 10 4 ) are stacked in the direction of the axis (Y).
• ⁇ 10 4) keyway and bolts are provided between, Te division based cowpea keyway and bolts (10i ⁇ i (H) is positioned and secured.
• a plurality of stationary tool (Ts ⁇ Ts ) Are arranged in multiple stages along the axis (X, Y), are respectively held by holders (H5 to H9), and the holders (H5 to H3) are fixed to the divided bases (102, 103, 104).
• an external finishing byte is used as the tool (T5)
• a threading byte is used as the tool (Ts)
• an external roughing byte is used as the tool (T?).
• the tool (T 7 ') drill is used as the tool (T 8) grooving by Bok is used as the tool (.tau.3)
• a boring bar is used as well as between the holder base (10) and the plate (5), like the spindle unit (3), with a nut in the groove (7) of the plate (5).
• the holder base (10) is attached and fixed to the plate (5), so that the holder base (10) is attached to the plate (5). when mounting the), it can be moved along the holder base to (10) T groove (7). Therefore, it is possible to adjust the position of the tool (Ts ⁇ T 9) in the direction of the axis (X).
• a spindle unit (11) for rotating tools is mounted on the plate (5) of the table (4), the spindle unit (11) being spaced from the holder base (10) in the direction of the axis (X). Is placed.
• An end mill is used as a rotary tool (Tio), and the rotary tool (T10) is held by a spindle unit (11).
• the tool (Tio) has an axis parallel to the axis (X), and is operatively connected to the spindle and drive motor of the spin drain (11). If another type of rotary tool with an axis parallel to the axis (X) is used, in addition to the rotary tool (Ti 0), the rotary tool can also be held on the spindle unit (11).
• various types of tools (choices 1 to 10) are arranged in multiple stages along the first and second axes ( ⁇ , ⁇ ), and various types of tools are provided.
• (I ⁇ ⁇ 10) are supported by the tool table (2), and the work table (1) and the tool table (2> are configured to face each other in the direction of the third axis ( ⁇ ). ing.
• the tool stand (2) has a plate (5) fixed to a table (4), and the table (4) is supported by a saddle (12) and engaged with its guide rail (13). Screwed with ball screw (14).
• the guide rail (13) is for guiding the tool table (2), and extends in the direction of the axis ( ⁇ ), and the tool table (2) is guided to move in the direction of the axis ( ⁇ ).
• the ball screw (14) is used to move the tool stand (2), extends in the direction of the axis ( ⁇ ), is rotatably guided, and has a belt (15), bully (16) and servo motor (17).
• the servo motor (17) is fixed to and supported by the saddle (12), and the saddle (12) is supported by the bed (18) and its guide rail (19)
• the guide rail (19) is for guiding the saddle (12), extends in the direction of the axis (X), and the saddle (12) is engaged with the ball screw (20). Being guided to move in the direction of (X) I have.
• the ball screw (20) is for moving the saddle (12), extends in the direction of the axis (X), is rotatably guided, and is operatively connected to a belt, a pulley, and a servomotor (21).
• the servomotor (21) is fixed to and supported by the bed (18).
• the work table (1) is mounted on and supported by the carriage (22)
• the carriage (22) is supported by the column (18a) that stands upright from the bed (18) and its guide rail (23) and screwed with the ball screw (24)
• the guide rail (23) is for guiding the carriage (22), extends in the direction of the axis (Y), and extends along the carriage (22).
• Ball screw (24> is for moving the carriage (22), and extends in the direction of the axis (Y) and is rotatably guided.
• Belt (25), pulley (26) and servo motor (27) The servo motor (27) is built in the column (18a).
• this machine tool has a drive motor (28) for rotating and driving the work table (1), and the drive motor (28) is installed on the bed (18). .
• a bracket (29) is fixed to the bed (18), and a pair of links (30A, 30B) is provided between the carriage (22) and the bracket (29). Is provided.
• a bin (31A) and a bearing (32) are provided at one end of each link (30A, 30B), and one end of each link (30A, 30B) is pivotally connected to each other.
• a pin (31B) and a bearing (32) are provided at the other end of one link (30A), a bracket (33) is fixed to the carriage (22), and the other end of the link (30A) is attached to the carriage (22).
• a pin (31C) and a bearing (32) are provided at the other end of the other link (30B), and the other end of the link (30B) is a bracket (29).
• Each pin (31A, 31B, 31C) extends horizontally and parallel to each other, so that each pin (31A, 31B, 31C)
• Each link (30A, 30B) can be pivoted around and can be bent up and down.
• a pulley (34A) and a bearing (35) are provided on the pin (31A) of the link (30A, 30B), and a pulley (34B) and a bearing (35) are mounted on the pin (31B) of the bracket (33).
• the pulleys (34A, 34B) are guided to rotate around the pins (31A, 31B), and the pulley (34C) is fixed to the drive shaft (36) of the drive motor (28).
• the drive shaft (36) and the pulley (34C) are arranged on the same axis as the pin (31C) of the bracket (29), so that each pivot connection point of the link (30A, 30B) has its own pulley (34).
• a belt (37A) is provided between the pulleys (34A, 34B) along one link (30A), and a belt (37A) is provided between the pulleys (34A, 34C) along the other link (30B).
• a belt (37B) is provided.
• a pulley (34D) is fixed to the transmission shaft (38) of the carriage (22), and a belt (37C) is provided between the pulleys (34B, 34D).
• the drive motor (28) is operatively connected to the workpiece (1).
• a brake device (39) for opening the work table (1) so as not to rotate is provided.
• the brake device (39) consists of a disc (40) fixed to the pulley (34D) of the transmission shaft (38) and a pair of pads arranged on both sides of the disc (40). )
• a servo motor (4U) is provided for feeding the work table (1) in the direction of rotation and adjusting the angular position of the work (W).
• the servo motor (41) has a drive shaft (43).
• the gear (42) is fixed to the intermediate shaft (45), and the gear (42) is engaged with the gear (44) fixed to the intermediate shaft (45).
• the arm (47) is inserted into the outer circumferential groove of the gear (46) and fixed to the piston rod (49) of a shifter (48) composed of a hydraulic cylinder.
• the shifter (48) slides the gear (46) along the intermediate shaft (45) so that it can fit with the gear (50) fixed to the transmission shaft (38).
• the servo motor (41) is driven, the intermediate shaft (45) rotates around its axis, the transmission shaft (38) rotates around its axis,
• the work table (1) is fed in the rotating direction, and the angular position of the work (W) can be adjusted.
• the ball screw (20) when the ball screw (20) is rotated by the servo motor (21) of the bed (18), the ball screw (20) acts on the saddle (12). To move. The saddle (12) moves along the guide rail (19) of the bed (18) and moves in the direction of the axis (X). Therefore, the tool stand (2) moves integrally with the saddle (12) and is sent in the direction of the axis (X). Further, when the ball screw (24) is rotated by the servo motor (27) of the column (18a), the ball screw (24) acts on the carriage (22) and moves it. The carriage (22) moves along the guide rail (23) of the column (18a) and moves in the direction of the axis (Y).
• the work table (1) moves integrally with the carriage (22) and is sent in the direction of the axis (Y), so that the tool table (2) and the work table (1) are attached.
• the pulleys (34A, 34B, 34C) are located at the pivot connection points of the links (30A, 30B), that is, the pins (31A, 31B, 31C).
• the distance between the pulleys (34A, 34B, 34C) is kept constant regardless of whether the carriage (22) moves up and down and the links (30A, 30B) bend and stretch. Therefore, the tension of the belt (37A to 37C) is kept constant, and the belt (37A to 37C) is affected by the carriage (22) and the link (30A, 30B).
• the work table (1) and the work piece can be driven without any trouble, and the drive motor (28) is stopped and the transmission shaft (38) is stopped by the brake device (39). ) And the work table (1) can be locked so as not to rotate, so that the work (W) of the work table (1) can be processed in various ways.
• a rotary tool (Ti) for the spindle unit (3) can be selected, and its position can correspond to the workpiece (W).
• the work table (1) and the work (W) are locked by the brake device (39) so as not to rotate, and
• the tool (Ti) is rotationally driven by the drive motor (M) of the drunit (3).
• the ball screw (14) acts on the tool table (2) and moves it.
• the tool set (2) moves along the guide rail (13) of the saddle (12) and moves in the direction of the axis (Z). Therefore, the tool stand (2) can be moved toward the workpiece (1).
• the work table (1) and the tool table (2) can be relatively moved in the direction of the opposite axis (Z), and can be relatively moved in the direction of the axis of the tool (Ti). It is. Therefore, the tool (Ti) can be brought into contact with the workpiece (W), and the workpiece (W) can be drilled by the tool (Ti).
• the tool table (2) or the work table (1) is fed along the guide rails (19, 23) of the bed (18) or column (18a) in the direction of the axis (X) or (Y).
• the workpiece (W) can also be grooved or surface-processed by (Ti).
• the rotary tool (T 2 , T) of the spindle unit (3) is selected, its position is made to correspond to the workpiece (W), and the workpiece (W) is drilled by the tool ( ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 ).
• the work table (1) or the tool table (2) can be moved along the guide line (23) of the column (i8a) or the guide rail (13) of the saddle (12) along the axis ( Y) or feed in the direction of (Z), a workpiece by the tool (T 4) (W) to may be Re machining or surface machining MizoIri.
• a fixing tool (T 5 ) for the holder base (10) and to match its position to the workpiece (W).
• the drive motor (28) The stage (1) and the workpiece (W) are rotationally driven. Thereafter, the tool table (2) is fed along the guide rail (13) of the saddle (12) in the direction of the axis (Z), and is moved along the guide rail (19) of the bed (18) along the ⁇ line ( X), the tool (Ts) comes into contact with the workpiece (W), and the tool (Ts) finishes the outer diameter of the workpiece (W).
• (W) can be threaded processing, perforating a workpiece (W) by the tool (T?) to thus workpieces (W) can be outside ⁇ machining.
• tool (T 7 ') also.
• the tool (T 8) workpieces (W) can be processed grooving by, may be drilled to the tool (workpiece by T (W).
• the work table (1) and the tool table (2) are relatively moved in the direction of the axis (X), and relatively moved in the direction of the axis of the tool (Tio). (W), and the workpiece (W) can be drilled with a tool (Tio).
• the work table (1) and the tool table (2) are relatively moved in the direction of the axis (Y) or the axis (Z), and the work (W) is grooved or surface-machined by the tool (Tio). it can.
• this machine tool can numerically control the servomotors (21, 27) of the bed (18) and the column (18a) to automate the exchange of tools ( ⁇ to ⁇ ).
• the motor ( ⁇ , 21, 27), the drive motor ( ⁇ ⁇ ) for the rotary tool and the drive motor (28) for the workpiece (W) can be automatically controlled to automate the entire process.
• a single holder base (51) is used instead of the spindle units (3, 11) and the holder base (10) in FIG.
• the base (51) has a number of holes (52), with an axis ( ⁇ ) 4
• the holes (52) are arranged in a plane at a right angle, and are arranged in a grid along the axis (X, Y).
• the holder base (51) has a groove (55) fitted to the guide rail (54) of the table (53).
• the guide rail (54) is for designing the holder base (51) and extends in the direction of the axis (X). Further, a fastening mechanism (not shown) for fixing the holder base (51) to the table (53) is provided. .. Therefore, when attaching the holder base (51) to the table (53), move the holder base (51) along the rail (54) and adjust the position of the tool (Ta, Tb "') to the axis (X). Can be adjusted in the direction.
• the machine tool shown in FIG. 11 is the same as the machine tool shown in FIG. 1 except that the structure of the tool stand (2) is different from the machine tool shown in FIG. Therefore, tools (Ta, Tb, ”) can be changed according to the type of machining in the same manner as the machine tool shown in FIG.
• FIGS. 12 and 13 show a machine tool adapted to move only the tool stand (2).
• the tool stand (2) is engaged with the guide rail (57) of the saddle (56) and is screwed with the ball screw (58)
• the guide rail (57) is for guiding the tool stand (2). And extends in the direction of the axis (X)
• the ball screw (58) is for moving the tool stand (2), extends in the direction of the axis (X), and extends to the servo motor (59) of the saddle (56).
• the saddle (56) is connected to the carriage (60) guideline. And is engaged with the ball screw (62).
• the guide rail (61) is for guiding the saddle (56) and extends in the direction of the axis (Z).
• the ball screw (62) is for moving the saddle (56), extends in the direction of the axis (Z), and is operatively connected to the servomotor (63) of the carriage (60).
• the carriage (60) is engaged with the guide rail (64) of the bed (18) and screwed with the ball screw (65)
• the guide rail (64) guides the carriage (60).
• the ball screw (65) is for moving the carriage (60), extends in the direction of the axis (Y), and is a servo motor for the bed (18). (66).
• the saddle (56) moves in the direction of the axis ( ⁇ ) along the guide rail (61) of the carriage (60). . Therefore, the work table (1) and the tool table (2) can be relatively moved in the direction of the axis ( ⁇ ).
• the ball screw (58) is rotated by the servo motor (59) of the saddle (56)
• the workpiece table (1) and the tool table (2) are relatively opposed to each other. It can also be sent in the direction of the axis (X) that intersects with the line (2 :), so that the workpiece (W) can be machined with a tool ( ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 10) and processed in various ways. Can be.
• the work table (1) may be supported directly on the bed (18) and guided rotatably.
• the drive motor (67) of the bed (18) is drive-coupled to the belt (68), the pulley (69) and the work piece (1), the drive motor (67) drives the worktable (1) and the work piece (1).
• the object (W) can be driven to rotate.
• the tool table (2) is moved in the direction of the axis ( ⁇ ), and the tool table (2) is moved toward the work table (1). It may be sent to the platform (2).
• the work table (1) may be moved in the direction of the axis (X, ⁇ ) instead of the tool table (2), and the tool may be changed accordingly.
• the first, second and third axes ( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ) do not necessarily need to be constructed in an orthogonal space coordinate system, and the axes (X, ⁇ , ⁇ ) are oblique to each other.
• the oblique space coordinate system may be configured.
• the first, second, and third axes that substantially constitute the spatial coordinate system are set, and various types of tools (Ti to T! Q) are arranged in multiple stages along the first and second axes.
• Various types of tools (Ti to T to) are supported on the tool base (2).
• the work table (1) and the tool table (2) face each other in the direction of the third axis. Then, the work table (1) and the tool table (2) may be relatively moved in the directions of the first, second and third axes.

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Applications Claiming Priority (4)

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Cited By (3)

Citations (3)

• 1985
  • 1985-12-26 DE DE19853590693 patent/DE3590693T1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1985-12-26 WO PCT/JP1985/000717 patent/WO1986003998A1/ja active Application Filing

Patent Citations (3)

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