WO1986003998A1

WO1986003998A1 - Machining tool

Info

Publication number: WO1986003998A1
Application number: PCT/JP1985/000717
Authority: WO
Inventors: Shobu Yoneda
Original assignee: Kashifuji Works, Ltd.
Priority date: 1984-12-29
Filing date: 1985-12-26
Publication date: 1986-07-17
Also published as: DE3590693T1

Abstract

A machining tool having first, second and third axes (X, Y, Z) which substantially constitute a space coordinate system. This machining tool has various kinds of tools (T1-T10) arranged in a plurality of steps along the first and second axes (X, Y). A workpiece (W) is supported on a workpiece base (1), and the tools (T1-T10) on a tool base (2). The workpiece base (1) and tool base (2) are arranged in opposition to each other in the direction of the third axis (Z), and adapted to be guided so as to be moved relatively to each other in the directions of the first, second and third axes (X, Y, Z). The workpiece base (1) and tool base (2) are sent relatively to each other in the directions of the first and second axes (X, Y), and the tools (T1-T10) to be used are thereby exchanged. The workpiece base (1) and tool base (2) are then sent relatively to each other in the direction of the third axis (Z), and the workpiece (W) is mechanically processed with the tools (T1-T10). The workpiece base (1) and tool base (2) may be sent relatively to each other in the direction of the first axis (X) or second axis (Y) to thereby mechanically process the workpiece (W) with the tools (T1-T10).

Description

Description Machine tool Background of the invention

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a machine tool such as a lathe.

2. Description of the Prior Art

2. Description of the Related Art A machine tool having a work table and a tool table opposed to each other in a direction of a fixed axis and machining a work by a tool is generally used. The workpiece is supported on the work table, and the tool is supported on the tool table. Then, the workpiece or the tool is rotationally driven by a rotation drive mechanism such as a motor, and the workpiece table and the tool table are relatively fed in the direction of the opposite axis or the direction of the axis crossing the opposite axis. For example, in the case of a lathe, a workpiece is usually driven to rotate by a rotary drive mechanism, and the workpiece rotates around its axis. Then, the tool table is sent to the crop table. In other words, the workpiece and the tool table are relatively sent in the direction of the opposite axis. Therefore, the tool on the tool rest comes into contact with the workpiece, and the workpiece is machined by the tool. The work table and the tool table are often sent in the direction of an axis that intersects the opposite axis. On the other hand, in the case of a milling machine, the tool is rotationally driven by a rotary drive mechanism.

By the way, in this kind of machine tool, various types of tools can be used, and if the tools are changed according to the type of machining, the workpiece can be machined in various ways. However, usually only certain types of tools are supported by the tool rest. Therefore, to change the tool, first remove the tool from the tool base. And other types of tools must be mounted on the tool base. In addition, this process had to be repeated for each process, which was not easy. Some tools use so-called turrets or manipulators to automate tool change, but the configuration is complicated. Therefore, there is a problem that the cost is high. Furthermore, in the case of turret, the indexing error affects machining accuracy. In the case of Manipure, the tool mounting error affects the machining accuracy. Therefore, there is also a problem that processing accuracy is low.

Summary of the Invention

1. Object of the Invention

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved machine tool that solves the above-mentioned conventional problems.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved machine tool in which tools can be easily changed.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved machine tool in which tool exchange is easy, the configuration is simple, and the cost is low.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved machine tool in which a tool can be easily exchanged and the machining accuracy can be increased.

Another object of the present invention is that the tool can be easily changed, and furthermore, the work table is driven to rotate around its axis, the work can be machined by the fixed tool, and the work table is not rotated. It is an object of the present invention to provide a machine tool that can lock and machine a workpiece with a rotary tool.

2. Features of the invention

According to the present invention, the workpiece table and the tool table are relatively moved in the direction of the direction of the axis or the direction of the axis crossing the opposite axis, and the workpiece is machined by the tool. The machine tool ^ has first, second, and third axes that substantially constitute a spatial coordinate system, and is multi-tiered with respect to the first and second axes. It has various kinds of tools supported on the table. The work table and the tool table are opposed to each other in the direction of the third axis, and are guided to move relatively in the directions of the first, second, and third axes.

The work table and the tool table are relatively moved in the direction of the first and second axes, whereby the tools used are changed. Thereafter, the work table and the tool table are relatively moved in the direction of the third axis, and the work is machined by the tool. The work table and the tool table may be sent in the direction of the first or second axis, whereby the tool may be used to machine the work.

Further, according to the present invention, a means for rotating the worktable about its axis is provided. The various types of tools are preferably composed of fixed tools such as bytes and rotating tools such as end mills. Therefore, the worktable can be driven to rotate around its axis, the work can be machined by the fixed tool, the worktable can be locked from rotating, and the work can be machined by the rotating tool. You can also.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, there are provided means for guiding the tool table to move in the direction of the first and third axes, and means for guiding the work table to move in the direction of the second axis. Is provided. The means for guiding the tool platform to move in the direction of the first axis may comprise a saddle engaged with a guide rail of a bed extending in the direction of the first axis. The means for guiding the tool rest to move in the direction of the third axis may comprise a table engaged with a guide rail of a saddle extending in the direction of the third axis, wherein the tool stand is Fixedly attached to the table. Guides workpiece to move in the direction of second axis The means for carrying out may comprise a carriage engaged with a guide rail of a column extending in the direction of the second axis, wherein the worktable is rotatably mounted on the carriage. The means for feeding the tool set in the direction of the first axis consists of a ball screw extending in the direction of the first axis screwed to the saddle, and a servomotor mounted on the bed and operatively connected to the ball screw of the saddle. It may be something. The means for feeding the workpiece in the direction of the second axis consists of a ball screw that is screwed to the carriage and extends in the direction of the second axis, and a servo motor that is built into the column and is connected to the ball screw of the carriage and is connected to the carriage. It may be something. The means for feeding the fixture in the direction of the third axis consists of a ball screw extending in the direction of the third axis screwed to the table, and a servomotor mounted on the saddle and operatively connected to the ball screw of the table. It may be something. '

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of the present invention,

Fig. 2 is a front view of the work table of Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a side view of the work table of Fig. 1,

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in Fig. 2,

Fig. 5 is a rear cross-sectional view of the column and the bed in Fig. 1,

6 and 7 are side sectional views showing the worktable rotation drive system of FIG. 5, and FIGS. 8 to 10 are explanatory views showing the relationship between the tool table and the workpiece in FIG. 2, respectively.

FIG. 11 is a side view showing another embodiment of the present invention,

FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing a machine tool in which only the tool stand is moved, and FIG. 13 is an end view of FIG.

Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment Referring to the drawings, there is shown a machine tool having first, second and third axes (X, Υ, Z), the axis (X) extending left and right, the axis (Y) extending vertically, The axis (Z) extends in the front-back direction. Each axis (X, Y, Z) extends in a direction perpendicular to each other, forming an orthogonal space coordinate system. The workpiece is supported by the work table (1), and the tool is supported by the tool table (2).

As shown in Fig. 2, the tool rest (2) has a spindle unit (3>) for rotary tools, the spindle unit (3) being arranged in a plane perpendicular to the axis (Z), It is mounted on a plate (5) fixed to the table (4), and a plurality of rotary tools (Τι, Τ2, T) are arranged in multiple stages along the axis (X, Y), and each spindle unit ( In this embodiment, an end mill is used as a tool (Ti), a drill is used as a tool (T ² ), and a reamer is used as a tool (Τό. Each tool ( Τι, Τ2, Τ ³⁾ has the axis parallel to the axis (Zeta). Further, urchin I are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a plurality of drive motors (Micromax spindle Interview Stevenage preparative (3)) Is fixed, and the tools (Τι, Τ2, Τ3) are the spindle of the spindle unit (3). Transmission-coupled to the transmission shaft (6) and drive motor (Micromax). Moreover, E Ndomiru is used as a rotary tool (.tau.4), the tool (T is held by the holder (Eta ^4), the holder ( H 4) is also fixed to the spindle unit (3) The tool (T 4) has an axis (X) and a parallel axis and is arranged between the tools (Ti, T 2, T ³ ) and the holder ( H ⁴ ) is driven by the spindle and drive motor, and between the spindle unit (3) and the plate (5), a T-slot (7) is formed in the plate (5). ) Contains the nut (8) The T-slot (7) extends in the direction of the axis (X), and the bolt (9) is tightened to the nut (8), and the spindle unit (3) Is attached and fixed to the plate (5). When the drunit (3) is mounted on the plate (5), the spindle unit (3) can be moved along the T-slot (7). Therefore, it is possible to adjust the position of the tool (Τι~Τ ^4> in the direction of the axis (X).

In addition, a holder base (10) for fixing tools is mounted on the plate (5) of the table (4), the holder base (10) being spaced from the spindle unit (3) in the direction of the axis (X). It is arranged. Also, like the spindle unit (3), the holder base (10) is also arranged in a plane perpendicular to the axis (Ζ). The holder base (10) is composed of a plurality of divided bases (101 to i (H)), and the divided bases (10ι to 10 ⁴ ) are stacked in the direction of the axis (Y). ~ 10 ⁴⁾ keyway and bolts are provided between, Te division based cowpea keyway and bolts (10i~i (H) is positioned and secured. further, a plurality of stationary tool (Ts～Ts ) Are arranged in multiple stages along the axis (X, Y), are respectively held by holders (H5 to H9), and the holders (H5 to H3) are fixed to the divided bases (102, 103, 104). In the example, an external finishing byte is used as the tool (T5), a threading byte is used as the tool (Ts), and an external roughing byte is used as the tool (T?). the tool (T ⁷ ') drill is used as the tool (T ⁸⁾ grooving by Bok is used as the tool (.tau.3) A boring bar is used as well as between the holder base (10) and the plate (5), like the spindle unit (3), with a nut in the groove (7) of the plate (5). The holder base (10) is attached and fixed to the plate (5), so that the holder base (10) is attached to the plate (5). when mounting the), it can be moved along the holder base to (10) T groove (7). Therefore, it is possible to adjust the position of the tool (Ts～T ⁹⁾ in the direction of the axis (X). In addition, a spindle unit (11) for rotating tools is mounted on the plate (5) of the table (4), the spindle unit (11) being spaced from the holder base (10) in the direction of the axis (X). Is placed. An end mill is used as a rotary tool (Tio), and the rotary tool (T10) is held by a spindle unit (11). The tool (Tio) has an axis parallel to the axis (X), and is operatively connected to the spindle and drive motor of the spin drain (11). If another type of rotary tool with an axis parallel to the axis (X) is used, in addition to the rotary tool (Ti 0), the rotary tool can also be held on the spindle unit (11).

Therefore, among the axes (X, Y, Ζ), various types of tools (choices 1 to 10) are arranged in multiple stages along the first and second axes (Χ, Υ), and various types of tools are provided. (I ~ Τ10) are supported by the tool table (2), and the work table (1) and the tool table (2> are configured to face each other in the direction of the third axis (Ζ). ing.

The tool stand (2) has a plate (5) fixed to a table (4), and the table (4) is supported by a saddle (12) and engaged with its guide rail (13). Screwed with ball screw (14). The guide rail (13) is for guiding the tool table (2), and extends in the direction of the axis (Ζ), and the tool table (2) is guided to move in the direction of the axis (Ζ). The ball screw (14) is used to move the tool stand (2), extends in the direction of the axis (Ζ), is rotatably guided, and has a belt (15), bully (16) and servo motor (17). The servo motor (17) is fixed to and supported by the saddle (12), and the saddle (12) is supported by the bed (18) and its guide rail (19) The guide rail (19) is for guiding the saddle (12), extends in the direction of the axis (X), and the saddle (12) is engaged with the ball screw (20). Being guided to move in the direction of (X) I have. The ball screw (20) is for moving the saddle (12), extends in the direction of the axis (X), is rotatably guided, and is operatively connected to a belt, a pulley, and a servomotor (21). The servomotor (21) is fixed to and supported by the bed (18).

On the other hand, the work table (1) is mounted on and supported by the carriage (22) The carriage (22) is supported by the column (18a) that stands upright from the bed (18) and its guide rail (23) and screwed with the ball screw (24) The guide rail (23) is for guiding the carriage (22), extends in the direction of the axis (Y), and extends along the carriage (22). ) Is guided to move in the direction of the axis (Y) Ball screw (24> is for moving the carriage (22), and extends in the direction of the axis (Y) and is rotatably guided. , Belt (25), pulley (26) and servo motor (27) The servo motor (27) is built in the column (18a).

As shown in FIG. 5, this machine tool has a drive motor (28) for rotating and driving the work table (1), and the drive motor (28) is installed on the bed (18). . Also, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a bracket (29) is fixed to the bed (18), and a pair of links (30A, 30B) is provided between the carriage (22) and the bracket (29). Is provided. A bin (31A) and a bearing (32) are provided at one end of each link (30A, 30B), and one end of each link (30A, 30B) is pivotally connected to each other. Further, a pin (31B) and a bearing (32) are provided at the other end of one link (30A), a bracket (33) is fixed to the carriage (22), and the other end of the link (30A) is attached to the carriage (22). A pin (31C) and a bearing (32) are provided at the other end of the other link (30B), and the other end of the link (30B) is a bracket (29). Each pin (31A, 31B, 31C) extends horizontally and parallel to each other, so that each pin (31A, 31B, 31C) Each link (30A, 30B) can be pivoted around and can be bent up and down.

A pulley (34A) and a bearing (35) are provided on the pin (31A) of the link (30A, 30B), and a pulley (34B) and a bearing (35) are mounted on the pin (31B) of the bracket (33). The pulleys (34A, 34B) are guided to rotate around the pins (31A, 31B), and the pulley (34C) is fixed to the drive shaft (36) of the drive motor (28). The drive shaft (36) and the pulley (34C) are arranged on the same axis as the pin (31C) of the bracket (29), so that each pivot connection point of the link (30A, 30B) has its own pulley (34). A, 34 B, 34 C).

A belt (37A) is provided between the pulleys (34A, 34B) along one link (30A), and a belt (37A) is provided between the pulleys (34A, 34C) along the other link (30B). A belt (37B) is provided. Further, a pulley (34D) is fixed to the transmission shaft (38) of the carriage (22), and a belt (37C) is provided between the pulleys (34B, 34D). ), Which is supported by the carriage (22), is rotatably guided, and the work table (1) is fixed to the tip of the transmission shaft (38). 34D) and a belt (37A to 37C), the drive motor (28) is operatively connected to the workpiece (1).

Further, a brake device (39) for opening the work table (1) so as not to rotate is provided. The brake device (39) consists of a disc (40) fixed to the pulley (34D) of the transmission shaft (38) and a pair of pads arranged on both sides of the disc (40). ) To prevent the transmission shaft (38) and the work table (1) from rotating due to friction between the pad and the disc (40). Furthermore, a servo motor (4U) is provided for feeding the work table (1) in the direction of rotation and adjusting the angular position of the work (W). The servo motor (41) has a drive shaft (43). The gear (42) is fixed to the intermediate shaft (45), and the gear (42) is engaged with the gear (44) fixed to the intermediate shaft (45). The arm (47) is inserted into the outer circumferential groove of the gear (46) and fixed to the piston rod (49) of a shifter (48) composed of a hydraulic cylinder. The shifter (48) slides the gear (46) along the intermediate shaft (45) so that it can fit with the gear (50) fixed to the transmission shaft (38). Then, when the servo motor (41) is driven, the intermediate shaft (45) rotates around its axis, the transmission shaft (38) rotates around its axis, The work table (1) is fed in the rotating direction, and the angular position of the work (W) can be adjusted.

In the machine tool configured as described above, when the ball screw (20) is rotated by the servo motor (21) of the bed (18), the ball screw (20) acts on the saddle (12). To move. The saddle (12) moves along the guide rail (19) of the bed (18) and moves in the direction of the axis (X). Therefore, the tool stand (2) moves integrally with the saddle (12) and is sent in the direction of the axis (X). Further, when the ball screw (24) is rotated by the servo motor (27) of the column (18a), the ball screw (24) acts on the carriage (22) and moves it. The carriage (22) moves along the guide rail (23) of the column (18a) and moves in the direction of the axis (Y). Therefore, the work table (1) moves integrally with the carriage (22) and is sent in the direction of the axis (Y), so that the tool table (2) and the work table (1) are attached. To the guide rails (19, 23) of the column (18) and the column (18a) in the direction of the first and second axes (X, Y). Therefore, any of the tools (を ι ~ Τιο) on the tool stand (2) can be sent And the position can be made to correspond to the work (W) of the work table (1). Therefore, the tool (Τι ~ Τιο) can be changed according to the type of machining.

When the carriage (22) of the machine tool is moved up and down, the links (30Α and 30Β) follow it. The links (30Α, 30Β) rotate around the pins (31A to 31C) and expand and contract in the vertical direction. This absorbs the up and down movement of the carriage (22). Then, when the drive shaft (36) is driven to rotate by the drive motor (28), the torque is transmitted to the pulleys (34A to 34D) and the belts (37A to 37C) and transmitted to the transmission shaft (38) of the carriage (22). Therefore, the transmission shaft (38), the work table (1), and the work (W) can be driven to rotate, and the ties (30A, 30B) of the bully (34A, 34B) and the drive can be driven. For the pulley (34C) of the night (28), the pulleys (34A, 34B, 34C) are located at the pivot connection points of the links (30A, 30B), that is, the pins (31A, 31B, 31C). The distance between the pulleys (34A, 34B, 34C) is kept constant regardless of whether the carriage (22) moves up and down and the links (30A, 30B) bend and stretch. Therefore, the tension of the belt (37A to 37C) is kept constant, and the belt (37A to 37C) is affected by the carriage (22) and the link (30A, 30B). The work table (1) and the work piece can be driven without any trouble, and the drive motor (28) is stopped and the transmission shaft (38) is stopped by the brake device (39). ) And the work table (1) can be locked so as not to rotate, so that the work (W) of the work table (1) can be processed in various ways.

For example, a rotary tool (Ti) for the spindle unit (3) can be selected, and its position can correspond to the workpiece (W). In this case, the work table (1) and the work (W) are locked by the brake device (39) so as not to rotate, and The tool (Ti) is rotationally driven by the drive motor (M) of the drunit (3). Then, when the ball screw (14) is rotated by the servo motor (17) of the saddle (12), the ball screw (14) acts on the tool table (2) and moves it. The tool set (2) moves along the guide rail (13) of the saddle (12) and moves in the direction of the axis (Z). Therefore, the tool stand (2) can be moved toward the workpiece (1). That is, the work table (1) and the tool table (2) can be relatively moved in the direction of the opposite axis (Z), and can be relatively moved in the direction of the axis of the tool (Ti). It is. Therefore, the tool (Ti) can be brought into contact with the workpiece (W), and the workpiece (W) can be drilled by the tool (Ti). The tool table (2) or the work table (1) is fed along the guide rails (19, 23) of the bed (18) or column (18a) in the direction of the axis (X) or (Y). The workpiece (W) can also be grooved or surface-processed by (Ti).

Similarly, the rotary tool (T ² , T) of the spindle unit (3) is selected, its position is made to correspond to the workpiece (W), and the workpiece (W) is drilled by the tool (Τ ² , Τ ³ ). can be processed. select a rotary tool (T spindle Interview Knitting Bok (3), made to correspond to the position of that the workpiece (W), Menten the tool (T ⁴⁾ by a drive motor of the holder (H ⁴⁾ Therefore, the tool base (2) can be moved along the guide rail (19) of the bed (18) in the direction of the axis (X), and the workpiece (W ⁴ ) can be moved by the tool (T ⁴ ). The work table (1) or the tool table (2) can be moved along the guide line (23) of the column (i8a) or the guide rail (13) of the saddle (12) along the axis ( Y) or feed in the direction of (Z), a workpiece by the tool (T ⁴⁾ (W) to may be Re machining or surface machining MizoIri.

Furthermore, it is also possible to select a fixing tool (T ⁵ ) for the holder base (10) and to match its position to the workpiece (W). In this case, the drive motor (28) The stage (1) and the workpiece (W) are rotationally driven. Thereafter, the tool table (2) is fed along the guide rail (13) of the saddle (12) in the direction of the axis (Z), and is moved along the guide rail (19) of the bed (18) along the 轴 line ( X), the tool (Ts) comes into contact with the workpiece (W), and the tool (Ts) finishes the outer diameter of the workpiece (W). (W) can be threaded processing, perforating a workpiece (W) by the tool (T?) to thus workpieces (W) can be outside径粗machining. tool (T ⁷ ') also. In addition, the tool (T ⁸⁾ workpieces (W) can be processed grooving by, may be drilled to the tool (workpiece by T (W).

It is also possible to select the rotary tool (Tio) of the spindle unit (11), make its position correspond to the workpiece (W), and rotate the tool (Tio) by the drive motor of the spindle unit (11). . After that, the work table (1) and the tool table (2) are relatively moved in the direction of the axis (X), and relatively moved in the direction of the axis of the tool (Tio). (W), and the workpiece (W) can be drilled with a tool (Tio). The work table (1) and the tool table (2) are relatively moved in the direction of the axis (Y) or the axis (Z), and the work (W) is grooved or surface-machined by the tool (Tio). it can.

In addition, this machine tool can numerically control the servomotors (21, 27) of the bed (18) and the column (18a) to automate the exchange of tools (Τι to Τιο). The motor (Π, 21, 27), the drive motor (回転) for the rotary tool and the drive motor (28) for the workpiece (W) can be automatically controlled to automate the entire process. In this embodiment, a single holder base (51) is used instead of the spindle units (3, 11) and the holder base (10) in FIG. The base (51) has a number of holes (52), with an axis (Ζ) 4 The holes (52) are arranged in a plane at a right angle, and are arranged in a grid along the axis (X, Y). Then, various kinds of tools (Ta, Tb '") are held by the holders (Ha, Hb'"), and each holder (Ha, Hb '") fits into the hole (52) of the holder base (51). As a result, various types of tools (Ta, Tb "*) are arranged in multiple stages along the axis (X, Y), and are supported by the tool base (2). The holes (52) of the holder base (51) are formed in a zigzag pattern along the axis (X, Y>) instead of in a grid, so that various types of tools (Τ a, Tb "*) X, Y).

The holder base (51) has a groove (55) fitted to the guide rail (54) of the table (53). The guide rail (54) is for designing the holder base (51) and extends in the direction of the axis (X). Further, a fastening mechanism (not shown) for fixing the holder base (51) to the table (53) is provided. .. Therefore, when attaching the holder base (51) to the table (53), move the holder base (51) along the rail (54) and adjust the position of the tool (Ta, Tb "') to the axis (X). Can be adjusted in the direction.

The machine tool shown in FIG. 11 is the same as the machine tool shown in FIG. 1 except that the structure of the tool stand (2) is different from the machine tool shown in FIG. Therefore, tools (Ta, Tb, ") can be changed according to the type of machining in the same manner as the machine tool shown in FIG.

FIGS. 12 and 13 show a machine tool adapted to move only the tool stand (2). The tool stand (2) is engaged with the guide rail (57) of the saddle (56) and is screwed with the ball screw (58) The guide rail (57) is for guiding the tool stand (2). And extends in the direction of the axis (X) The ball screw (58) is for moving the tool stand (2), extends in the direction of the axis (X), and extends to the servo motor (59) of the saddle (56). The saddle (56) is connected to the carriage (60) guideline. And is engaged with the ball screw (62). The guide rail (61) is for guiding the saddle (56) and extends in the direction of the axis (Z). The ball screw (62) is for moving the saddle (56), extends in the direction of the axis (Z), and is operatively connected to the servomotor (63) of the carriage (60). The carriage (60) is engaged with the guide rail (64) of the bed (18) and screwed with the ball screw (65) The guide rail (64) guides the carriage (60). The ball screw (65) is for moving the carriage (60), extends in the direction of the axis (Y), and is a servo motor for the bed (18). (66).

Therefore, when the ball screw (58) is rotated by the servo motor (59) of the saddle (56); the tool table (2) moves along the guide rail (57) of the saddle (56) along the axis (X). When the ball screw (65) is rotated by the servo motor (66) of the bed (18), the carriage (60) is attached to the guide rail (64) of the bed (18). Moving in the direction of the axis (Y), the tool table (2) is sent in the direction of the axis (Y), therefore, sending the tool table (2) in the direction of the first and second axes (X, Y) Therefore, similarly to the machine tool shown in Fig. 1, various types of tools (Τι ~ Τ10) are arranged in multiple stages along the first and second axes (X, Y), and various types of tools (Τι ~ If Τ10) is supported on the tool base (2), the tools (ΤιΤΤ10) can be changed according to the type of machining.

Furthermore, when the ball screw (62) is rotated by the servo motor (63) of the carriage (60), the saddle (56) moves in the direction of the axis (Ζ) along the guide rail (61) of the carriage (60). . Therefore, the work table (1) and the tool table (2) can be relatively moved in the direction of the axis (Ζ). When the ball screw (58) is rotated by the servo motor (59) of the saddle (56), the workpiece table (1) and the tool table (2) are relatively opposed to each other. It can also be sent in the direction of the axis (X) that intersects with the line (2 :), so that the workpiece (W) can be machined with a tool (Τι ~ Τ10) and processed in various ways. Can be.

The work table (1) may be supported directly on the bed (18) and guided rotatably. When the drive motor (67) of the bed (18) is drive-coupled to the belt (68), the pulley (69) and the work piece (1), the drive motor (67) drives the worktable (1) and the work piece (1). The object (W) can be driven to rotate.

In addition, various modifications of the present invention are conceivable. For example, in the embodiment described above, the tool table (2) is moved in the direction of the axis (Ζ), and the tool table (2) is moved toward the work table (1). It may be sent to the platform (2). Alternatively, the work table (1) may be moved in the direction of the axis (X, Υ) instead of the tool table (2), and the tool may be changed accordingly. Furthermore, the first, second and third axes (Χ, Υ, Ζ) do not necessarily need to be constructed in an orthogonal space coordinate system, and the axes (X, Υ, Ζ) are oblique to each other. The oblique space coordinate system may be configured. In short, the first, second, and third axes that substantially constitute the spatial coordinate system are set, and various types of tools (Ti to T! Q) are arranged in multiple stages along the first and second axes. Various types of tools (Ti to T to) are supported on the tool base (2). Further, the work table (1) and the tool table (2) face each other in the direction of the third axis. Then, the work table (1) and the tool table (2) may be relatively moved in the directions of the first, second and third axes.

As described above, according to the present invention, tool replacement of a machine tool can be facilitated. Moreover, unlike the conventional case, there is no need to use a so-called turret or manifold, and the configuration can be simplified. Therefore, costs can be reduced. Furthermore, there are no problems with turret indexing errors and tool mounting errors at the manifold. Therefore, the processing accuracy can be increased, and the intended purpose can be achieved.

Claims

A work table and a tool table which are opposed to each other in a direction of a fixed axis, the work is supported on the work table, a tool is supported on the tool table, In a machine tool configured to send a tool stand relatively in the direction of its opposite axis or in the direction of an axis crossing the opposite axis, and machine the workpiece by the tool,

First, second, and third axes that substantially comprise a spatial coordinate system;

A multi-stage arrangement of the first and second axes, and various types of tools supported by the tool stand,

The work table and the tool table are arranged to face each other in the direction of the third axis,

A machine tool, wherein the work table and the tool table are guided to move relatively in the directions of the first, second and third axes.

Means for moving the work table and the tool table relatively in the direction of the first and second axes, and for changing a tool to be used;

The machine tool according to claim 1, further comprising: means for feeding the work table and the tool table relatively in the direction of the third axis, and machining the work by the tool.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the workpiece table and the tool table are relatively moved in the direction of the first or second axis, whereby the workpiece is machined by the tool. Machine tools.

2. The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the various kinds of tools include a fixed tool such as a byte and a rotary tool such as an end mill.

5. The method according to claim 4, further comprising means for rotating and driving the work table around its axis, wherein the work can be machined by the fixed tool. Machine Tools.

The machine tool according to claim 5, further comprising means for locking the work table so as not to rotate, and wherein the work can be machined by the rotating tool.

A work table and a tool table which are opposed to each other in a direction of a certain axis, the work table is supported on the work table, the tool is supported on the tool table, and the work table and the tool table are relative to each other. In the machine tool, the workpiece is sent in the direction of the opposite axis or the direction of the axis crossing the opposite axis, and the workpiece is machined by the tool.

The work table and the tool table are disposed so as to face each other in the direction of the third axis.

Means for guiding the tool table to move in the directions of the first and third axes;

Means for guiding the work table to move in the direction of the second axis.

The means for guiding the tool set to move in the direction of the first axis comprises a saddle engaged with a guide rail of a bed extending in the direction of the first axis. Means for guiding movement in the direction of the third axis are engaged with guide rails of the saddle extending in the direction of the third axis. 8. The machine tool according to claim 7, wherein the machine tool comprises a table, and the tool group is fixedly attached to the table.

9. The means for guiding the worktable to move in the direction of the second axis comprises a carriage engaged with a guide rail of a column extending in the direction of the second axis, wherein the worktable is 9. The machine tool according to claim 8, wherein the machine tool is rotatably attached to the carriage.

10. Further means for feeding the tool table and the workpiece table to the guide rails of the bed and the column in the direction of the first and the second axis, and changing a tool to be used;

10. The machine tool according to claim 9, further comprising: means for sending the tool table to a guide rail of the saddle in the direction of the third axis, and machining the workpiece by the tool.

11. The tool or work table is fed in the direction of the first or second axis along the guide rail of the bed or column, whereby the tool is used to machine the work. The machine tool described in claim 10

12. Means for feeding the tool table in the direction of the first axis include a ball screw extending in the direction of the first axis screwed to the saddle, and a ball screw attached to the bed, the ball screw of the saddle. A means for transmitting the worktable in the direction of the second axis, wherein the means for transmitting the worktable in the direction of the second axis is a ball screw extending in the direction of the second axis screwed to the carriage; A means for transmitting the tool table in the direction of the third axis extending in the direction of the third axis screwed to the table, comprising a servomotor which is built-in and is operatively connected to the ball screw of the carriage; Ball screw and the saddle 12. The machine tool according to claim 11, comprising a servo motor attached to the table and operatively connected to a ball screw of the table.

13. The machine tool according to claim 7, wherein the various types of tools include a fixed tool such as a byte and a rotary tool such as an end mill.

14. The method according to claim 13, further comprising means for rotating the worktable about its axis, wherein the worktable can be machined by the fixed tool. Machine tools.

15. The machine tool according to claim 14, further comprising means for locking the work table so as not to rotate, wherein the work tool can be machined by the rotating tool. .

16. It has a work table and a tool table opposed in the direction of a fixed axis, supports a work on the work table, supports a tool on the tool table, and relatively moves the work table and the tool table. A machine tool which feeds the workpiece in the direction of the opposed axis or in the direction of the axis crossing the opposed axis, and machine the workpiece by the tool.

A multi-stage arrangement along the first and second axes, and various types of tools supported by the tool table,

A machine tool comprising means for guiding the tool table to move in the directions of the first, second and third axes.

17. The means for guiding the tool platform to move in the direction of the second axis is a carriage engaged with a guide rail of a bed extending in the direction of the second axis. The means for guiding the tool table to move in the direction of the third axis comprises a saddle engaged with a guide rail of the carriage before extending in the direction of the third axis. The means for guiding movement in the direction of the first axis comprises a guide rail formed on the saddle and extending in the direction of the first axis, the tool stand is engaged with a guide rail of the saddle, 17. The machine tool according to claim 16, which is supported.

18. means for feeding the tool set along the guide rails of the saddle and the bed in the direction of the first and second axes, and for changing a tool to be used;

18. The machine tool according to claim 17, further comprising: means for feeding the tool table along a guide rail of the carriage in the direction of the third axis, and machining the workpiece by the tool.

19. The tool bed is fed along the guide rail of the saddle or bed in the direction of the first or second axis, whereby the workpiece is machined with the tool. 18. The machine tool according to clause 18, wherein

20. The means for feeding the tool rest in the direction of the first axis comprises: a ball screw extending in the direction of the first axis screwed to the tool rest; and A means for transmitting the tool table in the direction of the second axis, a ball screw extending in the direction of the second axis screwed to the carriage, and the bed; A means for transmitting the tool table in the direction of the third axis extending in the direction of the third axis screwed to the saddle. A ball screw, and a servomotor attached to the carriage and operatively connected to the ball screw of the saddle. 20. The machine tool according to claim 19, comprising a night.

21. The machine tool according to claim 16, wherein the various types of tools include fixed tools such as bytes and rotating tools such as end mills.

22. The method according to claim 21, further comprising means for rotating the work table around its axis, wherein the work can be machined by the fixed tool. Machine tools.

23. The machine tool according to claim 22, further comprising means for locking the work table so as not to rotate, wherein the work tool can be machined by the rotating tool.