JPH04365501A - Opposed spindle lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a lathe of a small size, without interference between tools, and capable of correctly transferring a work in a short time. CONSTITUTION:Turret heads 26a, 27a are respectively arranged inside tool rests 26, 27, the tool mounting part positions 26b, 27b of the turret heads are projected on the main spindle axis side at working position, mounted tools 29 are arranged facing to corresponding chucks 3b, 5b side so as to avoid mutual interference between the tools, the tool rests, the headstocks. the turret heads, and the working territory of a work are arranged in high density in X-axis direction and in Z-axis direction, and the distance between the headstocks 3, 5 is shortened so as to correctly transfer a work in a short time.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an opposed spindle lathe having two spindles facing each other.

0002

2. Description of the Related Art Various proposals have been made in the past regarding opposed spindle lathes having two spindles facing each other. For example, in (a) Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-57961, an opposed spindle lathe using a comb-shaped tool rest was developed (b)
) Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-48402 discloses an opposed spindle lathe in which a turret tool post is arranged in the front-rear direction around a line connecting the spindle axis; (d) British Patent Publication No. 2178991 describes an opposed spindle lathe in which the table is placed on the opposite side of the line connecting the spindle axis and the turrets are placed facing each other. Opposed spindle lathes have been proposed in which the turrets are located on opposite sides of the tool rests and are located outside the tool rests without facing each other.

0003

[Problem to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the case of (a), the tool rest has a comb tooth shape, so when trying to secure a predetermined number of tools to be used for machining, the tool rest has a comb-like shape. It is unavoidable that it will have a long shape from front to back, and that the planar area it will occupy will become larger. Additionally, if the distance between tools on the tool post is narrowed in order to downsize the tool post, it becomes difficult to secure a sufficient machining area for each tool, and adjacent tools may interfere with the work being processed. Such problems arise. Furthermore, in order to use the tool on the tool post, the tool post must come in far between the two headstocks, and it is necessary to secure the movement space for the tool post between the two headstocks. There is also the disadvantage that the dimension in the direction of the spindle axis becomes large. Furthermore, since the tool post enters between the two headstocks, the tool post and headstock are always exposed to the risk of interference, and machining programs must be created with this in mind. The drawback is that creating a machining program requires a lot of effort and a high level of skill.

On the other hand, in (b), the tool rest is in the form of a turret, and the size of the turret can be made much smaller than the comb-shaped tool rest compared to the number of tools installed. Since the stands are arranged to face each other along the line connecting the spindle axis, the turret supporting the turret is placed in front and behind the headstock, increasing the longitudinal dimensions of the lathe. It is unavoidable to do so. Moreover, when the tool rests are arranged one behind the other, the accessibility of the worker to each headstock deteriorates, and setup work to the headstock must be done with both headstocks stopped, which is a safety issue. There are many problems.

In addition, in (c), the two tool rests are arranged on opposite sides of the line segment connecting the spindle axis, and the turrets are arranged to face each other, thereby improving the accessibility to the headstock as described above. However, since the cutting force acting on the turret follows the traditional design philosophy of pushing the turret toward the tool post, the orientation of the tools attached to each turret is such that they are facing inside each other. This is a facing arrangement. In this case, if an internal tool or the like is attached to each turret, there is a risk that the tools or the tools and the turrets will interfere with each other when the turret rotates, so it is necessary to take this into consideration when creating a machining program. However, creating a machining program is complicated and requires a high degree of skill. Furthermore, if the internal diameter tools are placed facing each other so that they face inward, when machining workpieces mounted on each other's headstocks, the tools will interfere with each other or the tools and the tool rests, resulting in machining failure. There are drawbacks that allow
From this point of view, there was no way to utilize it other than as a so-called lathe exclusively for shaft work, in which the shaft work is pressed and held by both centers between two headstocks, and only performs outer diameter turning. Furthermore, in (d), the turrets are arranged outside the tool post without directly facing each other due to the interposition of the tool post. In other words, since two tool posts are interposed between the turrets, the main axis direction of the entire machine is The disadvantage is that the length of the machine becomes long and the machine becomes large and heavy. Furthermore, not only does it take a lot of time to transfer the workpiece between the headstocks, but the moving distance of the headstock becomes longer during transfer, which inevitably deteriorates the transfer accuracy, making it difficult to perform high-precision machining. There is an inconvenience that it becomes impossible to do so.

[0006] In view of the above circumstances, the present invention occupies a small area in plan view, eliminates the need to consider interference between tools mounted on the tool rest when creating a machining program, and moreover allows It is an object of the present invention to provide an opposed spindle lathe that has good accessibility and is capable of both outer diameter and inner diameter machining. Another object of the present invention is to provide an opposed spindle lathe that is small and lightweight, requires less time to transfer workpieces, has high transfer accuracy, and is capable of high-precision machining.

[0007]

[Means for Solving the Problems] That is, the present invention has a frame, and a first spindle and a second spindle, each provided with a chuck capable of holding a workpiece, are rotatably mounted on the frame. In the machine tool, the first and second headstocks are provided to face each other, and the first and second headstocks are mounted on the frame, and the workpiece is moved from the first spindle to the second spindle. A first tool rest corresponding to the first spindle is provided so as to be relatively movable only in the axial direction of the spindle so as to enable delivery, and a first tool rest corresponding to the first spindle;
Further, a second tool rest corresponding to the second spindle is arranged such that the side surfaces thereof face each other, and the second tool rest is connected to the first and second tool rests.
The turrets are arranged on the same side with respect to the line segment connecting the spindles, and the turrets are rotatably positioned on the mutually facing sides of the first and second tool rests about an axis parallel to the axial direction of the spindles. The turrets are arranged so that their side faces directly face each other, and the first headstock and first tool rest pair and the second headstock and second tool rest set are placed in the center of the frame. the first
A plurality of tool attachment parts are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the turret of the tool rest, and when the tool attachment parts are positioned at a predetermined machining position, they protrude toward the line segment side than the first tool rest. and so that an external tool and/or an internal tool can be installed, and when the internal tool is installed at the tool attachment site and the internal tool is positioned at a predetermined machining position, the internal tool is A plurality of tool attachment parts are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the turret of the second tool rest so as to protrude in the chuck direction of the first spindle, and when the tool attachment parts are positioned at a predetermined machining position, is in a shape that protrudes toward the line segment side than the second tool rest, and is configured such that an external tool and/or an internal tool can be installed thereon, and the internal tool is installed in the tool installation site, and the internal tool When the tool is positioned at a predetermined machining position, the inner tool is formed to protrude in the direction of the chuck of the second spindle, and the tool on the first tool rest is directed toward the chuck of the first spindle. The tool on the second tool rest is configured to process the held workpiece held by the chuck of the second spindle.

[0008]

[Operation] With the above-described configuration, the present invention allows the tools mounted on the turrets, which are arranged with their sides directly facing each tool rest, to be completely separated in the left and right direction.
The risk of mutual interference is eliminated, and the machining area of the tools on each turret and the tool rest on which the turret is mounted are set in a high-density manner so that they overlap in a direction perpendicular to the spindle axis. It acts on

[0009]

Embodiments Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be explained based on the drawings. FIG. 1 is a control block diagram showing an embodiment of the opposed spindle lathe according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the opposed spindle lathe shown in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 3 to 10 show an embodiment of the opposed spindle lathe according to the present invention. FIG. 11 is a view of the work in FIG. 5 taken in the direction of the Q arrow, and FIG. 12 is a view of the work in the direction of the R arrow in FIG. 9.

As shown in FIG. 1, the opposed spindle lathe 1 has a machine body 2 provided with a guide surface 2a on the upper part, and two headstocks are mounted on the guide surface 2a as a reference surface. 3
, 5 are provided in such a manner that they face each other and can be driven to move independently in the directions of arrows A and B (ie, the Z-axis direction), which are the left and right directions in the figure. Spindles 3a and 5a are provided on the headstocks 3 and 5, respectively, so as to be rotatably driven in the directions of arrows C and D. Chucks 3b and 5b are provided on the spindles 3a and 5a, respectively, in the directions of arrows C and D. It is mounted so that it can rotate in any direction. In addition, the spindles 3a and 5a have
The spindle drive motors 3c and 5c are directly connected to each other, and the rotation angles of the spindle drive motors 3c and 5c in the directions of arrows C and D are respectively connected to the spindle drive motors 3c and 5c. (Therefore, spindles 3a, 5
Amount of rotation angle in the directions of arrows C and D of a. ) are equipped with transducers 3d and 5d for detecting.

Furthermore, the machine body 2 is provided with a headstock feed drive device 6, as shown in FIG. and drive screws 10, 11, etc. That is, the headstock 3
, 5 have nuts 3e and 5e at the lower end in FIG. 1, respectively.
It protrudes into the machine body 2 via the guide surface 2a, and is provided so as to be movable in the machine body 2 together with the headstocks 3 and 5 in the directions of arrows A and B (Z-axis direction). , female threads (not shown) are threaded through each of them in the directions of arrows A and B, which are the Z-axis directions. In addition, nut 3e,
5e, drive screws 10 and 11 having the same pitch, respectively.
are screwed together so as to be rotatable in the directions of arrows E and F, and feed drive motors 7 and 9 are connected to drive screws 10 and 11, respectively. Transducers 7a and 9a are mounted on the feed drive motors 7 and 9, respectively, for detecting the amount of rotation angle of the feed drive motors 7 and 9 in the directions of arrows E and F. By driving the feed drive motors 7 and 9 and rotating the drive screws 10 and 11 in the direction of arrow E or F, the headstocks 3 and 5 are rotated in the direction of arrow A through the nuts 3e and 5e, respectively. Or it is driven to move in the B direction (Z-axis direction).

The opposed spindle lathe 1 also has a main control section 12, as shown in FIG.
System program memory 16, keyboard 17, turret control section 39, 40, feed drive motor control section 19, 20
, C-axis control sections 21 and 22, and rotation speed control sections 23 and 25 are connected. Here, the tool rest control section 39 is connected to the tool rest 26 shown in FIG. 2, and the tool rest control section 40 is connected to the tool rest 27. Further, the feed drive motor control section 19 is connected to the above-mentioned feed drive motor 7 and transducer 7a, and the feed drive motor control section 2
0 is connected to a feed drive motor 9 and a transducer 9a.

Further, a spindle drive motor 3c and a transducer 3d are connected to the C-axis control section 21, and a spindle drive motor 5c and a transducer 3d are connected to the C-axis control section 22. 5d is connected. Further, the rotation speed control section 23 is connected to a spindle drive motor 3c and a transducer 3d, and the rotation speed control section 25 is connected to:
A spindle drive motor 5c and a transducer 5d are connected. Further, in the upper part of FIG. 2 of the line segment connecting the spindle axes of the headstocks 3 and 5 of the machine body 2, two turret-type tool rests 26 and 27 are located in the direction of arrows A and B, which is the Z-axis direction. are provided so as to be freely movable and driveable in the directions of right-angled arrows G and H (i.e., the They are placed facing each other. Those turrets 2
Turret heads 26a and 27a are respectively supported on the mutually facing side surfaces of turret heads 26a and 27a so as to be rotatably driven in the directions of arrows I and J around a rotation center axis that is parallel to the Z axis, which is the direction of the spindle axis. There is. Turret head 26a
is formed into a polygonal cylindrical shape as a whole, and has a plurality of tool attachment portions 26b on its outer peripheral side surface, and the tool attachment portions 26b are located at predetermined machining positions, that is, the portions are located at the positions shown in FIG.
When the tool mounted on the part 26b faces downward and is positioned at a position where it can process the workpiece 36 mounted on the chuck 3b, the line connecting the axes of the spindles 3a and 5a is located below the tool rest 26. It is formed in a shape that protrudes downward, that is, in FIG. In these tool mounting portions 26b, a plurality of tools 29 including turning tools such as cutting tools, rotating tools such as drills and milling cutters, etc. are provided facing the chuck 3b side of the spindle 3a corresponding to the headstock 3. Further, the turret head 27a has a polygonal cylindrical shape as a whole, and a plurality of tool attachment parts 27b are provided on the outer peripheral side surface of the turret head 27a. is figure 2
The tool facing downward and attached to the relevant part is the chuck 5b.
When positioned at a position where it is possible to process the workpiece 36 mounted on the tool rest 27, it is formed so as to protrude further toward the line connecting the axes of the spindles 3a and 5a, that is, downward in FIG. ing. A plurality of tools 29 including a turning tool such as a cutting tool, a rotary tool such as a drill or a milling cutter, and the like are provided at these tool attachment portions toward the chuck 5b side of the spindle 5a corresponding to the headstock 5. That is, each tool is provided in such a way that it can face the corresponding headstock side, and therefore each turret head 26a
, 27a are attached to the turret head 26a.
, 27a, there is no interference caused by the turning operations. Further, each turret head 26a, 27a is connected to each tool post 26.
, 27 are arranged so as to project inward from each other in FIG. 2, and with their side surfaces directly facing each other. The pair of spindle 3a and turret 26 on the left in FIG. 2 and the pair of spindle 5a and turret 27 on the right in FIG. 2 are arranged on both left and right sides of the machine body 2 in FIG. ing.

Since the opposed spindle lathe 1 has the above-described configuration, when processing a workpiece, first the workpiece 36 to be processed is placed on the spindle 3a as shown in FIG.
Attach it to via chuck 3b. At this time, work 36
The setup work for the chuck 3b and the setup work for the tool 29 for the tool rest 26 are possible because the tool rests 26 and 27 are both located above the line segment connecting the spindle axes of the headstocks 3 and 5 in FIG. This can be done from the lower side of the figure where the tool rest is not disposed, without being obstructed by the tool rest, and has good accessibility and workability to the chuck 3b. Next, in this state, the operator instructs the main control section 12 to start machining the workpiece 36 via the keyboard 17. Then, the main control unit 12 reads the machining program PRO corresponding to the workpiece 36 to be machined from the machining program memory 15, and performs a predetermined machining on the workpiece 36 based on the machining program PRO. .

That is, the main control section 12 shown in FIG. 1 instructs the rotation speed control section 23 to rotate the spindle 3a in the direction of arrow C at a predetermined rotation speed NA set in the machining program PRO. In response to this, the rotation speed control unit 23 rotates the spindle drive motor 3c in the direction of arrow C together with the spindle 3a. Then, a rotation signal RS1 is sent from the transducer 3d attached to the spindle drive motor 3c to the rotation speed controller 23 at every predetermined rotation angle of the spindle drive motor 3c (therefore, the spindle 3a). The rotation speed control unit 23 counts the number of input rotation signals RS1 per predetermined time and controls the spindle 3.
The rotation speed of the spindle drive motor 3c is determined to be a predetermined rotation speed NA. Also, Figure 1
The main control section 12 shown in FIG. 1 instructs the feed drive motor control section 19 to move the headstock 3 by a predetermined amount in the Z-axis direction. In response to this, the feed drive motor control section 19 outputs a drive signal D2 to the feed drive motor 7. Then, the feed drive motor 7 rotates together with the drive screw 10 in the direction of arrow E or F, and moves the headstock 3 in the direction of arrow A or B (Z-axis direction) via the nut 3e. At this time, the transducer 7a attached to the feed drive motor 7 transmits a signal every time the feed drive motor 7 (therefore, the drive screw 10) rotates by a predetermined angle in the direction of arrow E or F. Then, the rotation signal RS2 is output to the feed drive motor control section 19. The feed drive motor control unit 19 counts the number of input rotation signals RS2 and adjusts the rotation angle of the headstock 3 in the Z-axis direction in proportion to the rotation angle amount of the feed drive motor 7 in the arrow E and F directions. The amount of movement is detected and controlled so that the amount of movement becomes the amount of movement set in the machining program PRO.

Furthermore, the main control section 12 instructs the tool post control section 39 to select the tool 29 used for machining and control the amount of movement of the tool 29 in the X-axis direction. Then, the tool post control unit 39 appropriately rotates the turret head 26a of the tool post 26 in the direction of arrow I or J in FIG. ,
Further, the tool rest 26 is moved along with the turning tool 29 by the arrow G,
By appropriately moving and driving in the H direction, the tool 29 turns the outer diameter portion of the workpiece 36 into a predetermined shape. When the outer diameter portion of the workpiece 36 has been turned as shown in FIG.
The tool rest 26 is appropriately moved in the direction of the arrow G to retreat from the workpiece 36, and in this state, the turret head 26a of the tool rest 26 is appropriately rotated in the direction of the arrow I or J, and this time it is used for drilling or boring. A tool 29 for internal turning, such as a cutting tool, is positioned at a position facing the workpiece 36. Next, in this state, the tool rest 26 is fed together with the tool 29 by a predetermined distance in the direction of the arrow H in FIG. While holding the workpiece 36, the inner diameter portion of the workpiece 36 is machined using the tool 29 by moving and driving the workpiece 36 as appropriate in the directions of arrows A and B (Z-axis direction). In addition, at this time, the tool 29
In order to perform internal diameter machining smoothly, there is no interference between the lower surface of the tool rest 26 in Figure 2, i.e., the front surface on the headstock side, and the upper surface of the headstock 3 in the figure, i.e., the side surface of the headstock. The inner diameter tool 29 is attached to each turret head so as to have a predetermined space. Furthermore, when the tool attachment portion 26b of each turret head 26a is positioned at the processing position, the tool attachment portion 26b protrudes downward in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the inner diameter tool 29 attached to this part is formed to protrude in the direction of the chuck 3b. A region for machining a workpiece by the inner diameter tool 29 is formed below the tool post 26 in FIG. 2 so as to overlap in the X-axis direction.

This also applies to the case of an external tool; for example, as shown in FIG. In the direction of the spindle axis of the table 5, that is, in FIG.
When the cutting edge protrudes downward and reaches almost the spindle center line, the front surface of the tool rest on the spindle side, that is, the lower surface in FIG. Since the outer diameter tool is provided on the turret head so as to have a space, the workpiece can be machined using the outer diameter tool 29 smoothly without interference between the tool rest 27 and the headstock 5. I can do it. Further, the tool attachment portion 27b of each turret head 27a is formed so as to protrude downward in FIG. Therefore, when performing outer diameter machining of the workpiece 36 held on the spindle 5a with the outer diameter tool 29 attached to the relevant part, the area for machining the workpiece with the outer diameter tool 29 is the tool rest 27. They are formed so as to overlap in the X-axis direction at the bottom of FIG. This also applies to the combination of the tool rest 26 and the headstock 3.

After the machining, the headstock 3 is appropriately moved in the direction of the arrow A in FIG. stop rotating. In preparation for the next milling process, the tool rest 26 is moved in the direction of arrow G to retreat from the workpiece 36, and in this state, the tool for milling mounted on the tool rest 26 is moved. 29 is positioned at a position opposite to the workpiece 36. After the inner diameter portion of the workpiece 36 has been machined as shown in FIG. 4, the workpiece 36 is subjected to a milling process or the like involving C-axis control. That is, Figure 1
The main control section 12 shown in FIG. 1 first instructs the C-axis control section 21 to return the spindle 3a to the origin. Then, the C-axis control section 21 rotates the spindle drive motor 3c in the direction of arrow C or D at low speed.

When the spindle 3a reaches the predetermined position,
An origin detection signal OS1 is output from the transducer 3d to the C-axis control section 21. Upon receiving this, the C-axis control section 21 immediately stops the rotational drive of the spindle drive motor 3c in the direction of arrow C or D. Then, spindle 3
a also stops rotating in the direction of arrow C or D, and the predetermined reference position SP1 of the spindle 3a is positioned at the C-axis origin CZP as shown in FIG.

Next, the main control section 12 controls the tool post control section 39.
to move the tool rest 26 shown in FIG. 5 by a predetermined distance in the direction of arrow H while rotating the milling tool 29, and further move the headstock 3 appropriately in the direction of arrow B. drive. Then, the workpiece 36 is removed by the tool 29.
A groove 36a is provided on the outer periphery of the C-axis origin CZP shown in FIG.
The holes are formed so as to be separated by a predetermined angle θ1 in the direction of arrow D. When the groove 36a is bored, move the tool rest 26 in the direction of arrow G as appropriate to move the tool 29 to the workpiece.
36. Next, the main control section 12 outputs the C-axis control signal CS1 to the C-axis control section 21 shown in FIG. Then, the C-axis control unit 21 rotates the spindle drive motor 3c together with the spindle 3a at a low speed in the direction of arrow C. Then, the rotation signal RS is transmitted from the transducer 3d at every predetermined rotation angle of the spindle drive motor 3c.
3 is output to the C-axis control section 21, and the C-axis control section 21
The number of inputs of the rotation signal RS3 is counted, and the number of inputs of the rotation signal RS3 is counted.
Detect the amount of rotation angle of a. The C-axis control unit 21 stops the rotational drive of the spindle drive motor 3c in the direction of arrow C when the rotation angle amount reaches a predetermined rotation angle amount θ2. Then, the spindle 3a also moves along with the workpiece 36 in the direction of arrow C.
The spindle 3a (therefore, the workpiece 36) is positioned at a position rotated by a predetermined angle θ2 in the direction of arrow C from the C-axis origin CZP.

Next, the tool rest 26 that has been retracted in this state is placed on the workpiece 3 together with the milling tool 29.
6 by a predetermined distance in the direction of arrow H in FIG. Then, a groove 36b is drilled in the outer peripheral portion of the workpiece 36 so as to be spaced from the previously drilled groove 36a by a predetermined angle θ2 in the direction of arrow D in FIG. In this way, when the first step of machining is completed by milling etc. on the workpiece 36, the main control section 12 loads the workpiece transfer program WTP from the system program memory 16 shown in FIG. Then, the work transfer program WTP is executed. That is, the main control section 12 first sends the C-axis control section 21
A command is given to position the spindle 3a at the delivery position CP (see FIG. 11). In response to this, the C-axis control section 21 drives the spindle drive motor 3c to slowly rotate the spindle 3a together with the workpiece 36 in the direction of arrow C or D. Then, the transducer 3d attached to the spindle drive motor 3c outputs a rotation signal RS4 to the C-axis control section 21 at every predetermined rotation angle of the spindle drive motor 3c in the direction of arrow C or D.

Then, the C-axis control section 21 receives the rotation signal R.
The number of inputs in S4 is counted to find the position of the spindle 3a with respect to the C-axis origin CZP (see FIG. 11), and the reference position SP1 of the spindle 3a is separated from the C-axis origin CZP by a predetermined angle α in the direction of arrow C. When positioned at the delivery position CP, a stop signal ST1 is output to the spindle drive motor 3c shown in FIG. Then, the spindle drive motor 3c stops rotating in the directions of arrows C and D in response to this, and as a result, the spindle 3a moves toward the workpiece 36.
At the same time, the rotation in the direction of arrow C or D is stopped, and the spindle 3a is positioned at the delivery position CP. Note that the C-axis origin (i.e.,
It is also possible to select the case α=0). In addition, the main control section 12 shown in FIG.
A command is given to position the device at the delivery position CP (see FIG. 12). Then, the C-axis control section 22 shown in FIG.
While rotating the spindle drive motor 5c together with the spindle 5a at low speed in the direction of arrow C or D, the amount of rotation angle is detected via the transducer 5d, and based on the detected amount of rotation angle, the rotation angle shown in FIG. The position of the spindle 5a in the directions of arrows C and D with respect to the C-axis origin CZP was determined, and the reference position SP2 of the spindle 5a was positioned at a delivery position CP that was separated from the C-axis origin CZP by a predetermined angle α in the direction of arrow C. At this point, the rotation of the spindle drive motor 5c is stopped. Then, the spindle 5a moves in the direction of arrow C or D.
The rotation in the direction is stopped and the device is positioned at the delivery position CP.

When the reference positions SP1 and SP2 of the spindles 3a and 5a are thus positioned at the delivery position CP, the chuck 5b attached to the spindle 5a shown in FIG. 5 is loosened, and in this state, the headstock 5 is is moved together with the spindle 5a in the direction of arrow A in FIG. let In that state, the chuck 5b
, and the workpiece 36 is held by the chucks 3b and 5b. When the work 36 is held by the chucks 3b and 5b, the holding relationship between the work 36 and the chuck 3b is released, and in this state, the headstock 5 is moved to the chuck 5.
While holding the workpiece 36 in the position b, move it a predetermined distance in the direction of arrow B, that is, in the direction away from the headstock 3.
Spindles 3a and 5a are separated. Then, work 3
6 is transferred from the spindle 3a side to the spindle 5a side via the chuck 5b. Note that this transfer work of the work 36 is performed using the spindle 3.
a, 5a are each positioned at a predetermined delivery position CP, and the workpiece 36 is directly held by a chuck 5b attached to the spindle 5a while maintaining the C-axis angular position of both spindles 3a, 5a. Therefore, the shifting operation does not cause a phase shift of the workpiece 36 with respect to the C-axis origin CZP.

[0024] In this way, the workpiece 36 after the first step is completed.
is transferred to the spindle 5a side, the work is transferred to the spindle 5a side.
Based on the machining program PRO corresponding to the workpiece 36, the workpiece 36 is processed in the second step, and the unprocessed workpiece 36 is mounted on the spindle 3a side via the chuck 3b. , the unprocessed workpiece 36 is processed in the first step already described. At this time, each tool rest 2
The 6 and 27 turret heads 26a and 27a are arranged such that their sides directly face each other through the space provided between the turret heads 26a and 27a, and the tools are as shown in FIG. The tool attached to the turret head 26a on the left side of the figure is the chuck 3 on the headstock 3 side.
The tool attached to the turret head 27a on the right side of the figure is directed toward each chuck 3b, 5b so as to process the workpiece held in the chuck 5b on the headstock 5 side so as to process the workpiece held in the chuck 5b on the headstock 5 side. Since each is placed
The tool mounted on one turret head 26a or 27a does not face the other turret head 27a or 26a side, that is, the headstock 5 or 3 side, and the tool rest 26 and the headstock 3, the tool rest 27 and the headstock 5 can operate independently of each other. As a result, no matter what position the tool rests 26 and 27 are in and when the turret heads 26a and 27a are rotated, there is no possibility that the tools will interfere with each other. As a result, no matter what state the headstock 5 and the turret 27 are in, that is, even if the workpiece 36 that has been transferred from the spindle 3a and has completed the first process is being machined, On the headstock 3 side, the unprocessed work 36 is mounted on the chuck 3b (if necessary, even setup work such as replacing the tool 29 with respect to the turret head 26a of the tool rest 26) is carried out on the head stock 5 and the tool rest 27. This can be done regardless of the state of the headstock 5, and there is no need to stop the operation on the headstock 5 side.

That is, the main control section 12 shown in FIG. 1 instructs the rotation speed control section 25 to rotate the spindle 5a in the direction of arrow C at a predetermined rotation speed NB. Then, the rotation speed control section 25 rotates the spindle drive motor 5c in the direction of arrow C together with the spindle 5a. At this time, the rotation speed control section 25 detects the rotation speed of the spindle drive motor 5c via the transducer 5d, and controls the spindle drive motor so that the detected rotation speed becomes a predetermined rotation speed NB. Controls the motor 5c. In addition, the main control unit 1 shown in FIG.
2 drives the feed drive motor control unit 20 to rotate the drive screw 11 in the direction of arrow E or F, and rotates the headstock 5 in the direction of arrow A or B (Z-axis direction) via the nut 5e. move it to At this time, the feed drive motor control section 20 detects the amount of movement of the headstock 5 via the transducer 9a, and controls the drive motor 9 based on the detected amount of movement. Furthermore, the main control section 12 drives the tool post control section 40,
By appropriately moving and driving the tool rest 27 shown in FIG. 7 in the directions of arrows G and H together with a turning tool 29, the outer diameter portion of the workpiece 36 is turned into a predetermined shape using the tool 29.

Furthermore, as already mentioned, the unprocessed workpiece 36 held by the chuck 3b shown in FIG.
The headstock 3 is moved together with the workpiece 36 in the direction of arrow A or B (Z
At the same time, the tool rest 26 is appropriately moved and driven together with the turning tool 29 in the directions of arrows G and H (X-axis direction) to perform a predetermined turning process. At this time, the turret heads 26a and 27a of the respective tool rests 26 and 27 are arranged so that their sides directly face each other, and the tools are mounted on the chucks 3b of the headstocks 3 and 5 corresponding to each other.
, 5b are arranged facing the chucks 3b and 5b, respectively, so that the workpieces held by the chucks 3b and 5b can be processed simultaneously. The tools 29 on the turret heads 26a, 27a do not interfere with each other, and simultaneous machining by both the headstocks 3, 5 and the tool rests 26, 27 can be performed smoothly. In this way, when the outer diameter portions of these workpieces 36, 36 have been turned, as shown in FIG. 7, the tool rests 26, 27 are moved from the workpieces 36, 36 in the direction of arrow G. Retract the tool rest 26, 2 in that state.
The internal turning tools 29 and 29 attached to the
36. Next, the tool rest 2
6 and 27 by a predetermined distance in the direction of arrow H in FIG. While facing the left end surface in the figure, move the headstocks 3 and 5 in the directions of arrows A and B (Z-axis direction), respectively, to remove the unprocessed workpiece 36 and the workpiece that has undergone the first process. - Machining each inner diameter portion of the hook 36 into a predetermined shape. At this time, the manner in which the inner diameter tool on the tool rest 27 side is attached to the turret head 27a is the same as that for the above-mentioned tool rest 26, and when performing inner diameter machining with the inner diameter tool, the tool rest 27 and the headstock 5 are placed in a predetermined space. The inner diameter tool is mounted on the turret head 27a so as to hold the inner diameter tool. Therefore, the inner diameter machining with the inner diameter tool is performed smoothly. After the processing, move the headstock 3 in the direction of arrow A.
By appropriately moving the headstock 5 in the direction of arrow B, the tool rest 26,
Each tool 29 attached to 27 is taken out from each inner diameter part. In this state, the tool rests 26, 27 are moved in the direction of arrow G to retreat from the workpiece 36, etc., and further, the chucks 3b, 5
Stop the rotation of b in the direction of arrow C.

Next, in this state, the chuck 5 shown in FIG.
For the workpiece 36 that has undergone the first process and is held at b,
C using a method similar to the method already described based on Figure 5 etc.
Performs drilling with axis control. That is, the main control section 12 shown in FIG. 1 drives the C-axis control section 22 to rotate the spindle drive motor 5c together with the spindle 5a at low speed in the direction of arrow D. Then, the reference position SP2 of the spindle 5a shown in FIG. 12 also rotates in the direction of arrow D, and when the reference position SP2 coincides with the C-axis origin CZP, the origin detection signal OS2 is sent from the transducer 5d shown in FIG. is C
It is output to the axis control section 22. Note that, as shown in FIG. 12, the reference position SP2 of the spindle 5a is located at the C-axis origin CZP.
At the point when the
The grooves 36a and 36b formed in the groove 36 are located at positions separated from the C-axis origin CZP by rotational angle amounts θ1 and (θ1+θ2), respectively, in the direction of arrow D, as shown by imaginary lines in FIG. Furthermore, the C-axis control unit 22 receives the origin detection signal OS
2 is input, when the rotation angle amount of the spindle 5a in the direction of arrow D detected via the transducer 5d reaches a predetermined angle θ3, the spindle drive motor is activated.
5c is stopped.

Then, the spindle 5a is positioned so that its reference position SP2 is separated from the C-axis origin CZP by a predetermined angle θ3 in the direction of arrow D in FIG. Next, in this state, the tool rest 27 shown in FIG. 5 is moved and driven in the direction of arrow A as appropriate. Then, the work
As described above, the workpiece 36 is processed in the first step on the spindle 3a side and then transferred to the spindle 5a side without any phase shift. 36c is drilled in the first step.
From grooves 36a and 36b indicated by broken lines in 2, respectively, arrow C
The through hole is drilled at an accurate distance of a predetermined angle θ3, (θ2+θ3) in the direction. In this way, when the second step of machining the workpiece 36 is completed, the chuck 5b is loosened, the machined workpiece 36 is removed from the chuck 5b, and the workpiece 36 is removed as shown in the lower part of FIG. It is discharged to the work catcher 37. In parallel, the workpiece 36 held by the chuck 3b shown in FIG. Milling with axis control is performed to form grooves 36a and 36 shown in FIG. 11 in the workpiece 36.
Drill b. In this way, the workpiece 36 is continuously processed by performing the first step and the second step in parallel.

In the above embodiment, when transferring the workpiece 36 from the spindle 3a side to the spindle 5a side, the headstock 5 is transferred together with the spindle 5a.
A case has been described in which the workpiece 36 is transferred by moving it in the direction of arrow A toward the spindle 3a. However, the delivery method is not limited to this.
What method can be used to bring the spindles 3a and 5a close to each other by relatively moving them in the directions of arrows A and B (Z-axis direction) and transfer the workpiece 36 in that state? You can. For example, the headstock 3,
Along with the spindle 3a, move the arrow B toward the spindle 5a.
It may be transferred from the spindle 3a side to the spindle 5a side by moving in the direction. Also, by moving the headstock 3 in the direction of arrow B and the headstock 5 in the direction of arrow A,
The spindles 3a and 5a may be brought close to each other and the workpiece 36 may be transferred in that state. In the above-described embodiment, the case was described in which the work was transferred between the spindles 3a and 5a based on the work transfer program WTP stored in the system program memory 16. As for spindle 3a,
Any method may be used as long as the work 36 can be directly transferred between the parts 5a. For example, the workpiece transfer program WTP is stored in the machining program memory 15.
Of course, it is also possible to store a machining program PRO created in a form including the contents of , and to have the workpiece transfer operation performed based on the machining program PRO.

[0030]

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the present invention,
First and second headstocks 3 have a frame such as the machine body 2, and rotatably support a first spindle and a second spindle, each of which is provided with a chuck capable of holding a workpiece, on the frame. . The first spindle (
For example, a first tool rest (e.g., tool rest 26) corresponds to the spindle 3a), and a second tool rest (e.g.,
the tool rest 27) with their sides facing each other,
and the turrets are arranged on the same side with respect to the line segment connecting the first and second spindles, and the turrets are disposed on the mutually facing sides of the first and second tool rests, and the turrets have axes parallel to the axial direction of the spindles. The turrets are rotatably positioned at the center and are arranged with side surfaces of the turrets directly facing each other, and a set of the first headstock and a first tool rest, and a set of the second headstock and the second tool rest. A plurality of tool attachment parts are arranged on both sides of the center part of the frame, and a plurality of tool attachment parts are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the turret of the first tool post, and when the tool attachment parts are positioned at a predetermined machining position. The inner diameter tool is attached to the tool mounting portion in such a manner that it protrudes toward the line segment side than the first tool rest, and an external tool and/or an inner diameter tool can be attached thereto. When the tool is positioned at a predetermined processing position, the inner diameter tool is formed to protrude in the chuck direction of the first spindle, and a plurality of tools are attached to the outer peripheral surface of the turret of the second tool post. When the tool attachment portion is positioned at a predetermined machining position, the portion protrudes toward the line segment side from the second tool rest, and an external tool and/or an internal tool is attached. In addition, when the inner diameter tool is mounted on the tool mounting portion and the inner diameter tool is positioned at a predetermined processing position, the inner diameter tool is formed so as to protrude in the chuck direction of the second spindle. The tool on the first tool post is used for the workpiece held by the chuck of the first spindle, and the tool on the second tool post is used for the workpiece held by the chuck of the second spindle. Since it is configured with the feature of processing,

[0031] The two tool rests are arranged on the same side with respect to the line segment connecting the spindle axis, and the turrets are arranged parallel to the spindle axial direction on the mutually facing sides of the first and second tool rests. Since the turrets can be freely rotated and positioned around the shaft and are arranged with the sides of the turrets directly facing each other, the turret is located in a previously unused space above each headstock in Figure 2. In addition, the turrets are arranged on the frame with their sides directly facing each other, eliminating the need for a tool rest between the turrets and the headstock, and improving the lathe's horizontal direction (see Fig. 2).
The dimensions in the Z-axis direction) and the vertical direction (X-axis direction) can be minimized without creating wasted space that does not contribute to machining operations, making it possible to reduce the planar area occupied by the machine. . That is, if the maximum distance between the headstocks 3 and 5 in the Z-axis direction is the same, it is possible to secure the maximum machining area. In addition, the accessibility to each headstock can also be determined, for example from the side where the tool rest in Fig. 2 is not located.
This can be done without being obstructed by the tool rest, and the accessibility to the headstock and workability are extremely good. Furthermore, since the tool rest does not enter between the headstocks, chips are not scattered on the sliding surfaces of the tool rest, which is advantageous in terms of machine maintenance.

[0032] Furthermore, the set of the first spindle and the first tool rest and the set of the second spindle and the second tool rest are arranged on both sides of the center of the frame, and the set of the first and second Turrets are provided on the tool post in such a way that they can be rotated and positioned freely around an axis parallel to the spindle axis direction, and their side surfaces directly face each other. , a plurality of outer diameter tools and/or inner diameter tools for machining the workpiece held in the chuck of the first spindle can be arranged, and the inner diameter tool can protrude in the direction of the chuck of the first spindle, and the second A plurality of outer diameter tools and/or inner diameter tools for machining the workpiece held in the chuck of the second spindle can be arranged at the tool attachment site on the outer circumferential surface of the turret of the tool rest, and the inner diameter tool is the first one. Since the configuration allows the two spindles to protrude in the chuck direction, the first spindle and first tool rest set and the second spindle and second tool rest set can be inserted through the center of the frame of the machine body 2, etc. completely independent operation is possible. As a result, no matter what state the other spindle and tool rest are in, that is, even if the workpiece 36 that has been transferred from one spindle and has completed the first process is being processed, the one spindle On the spindle side, setup work such as mounting work on the unprocessed workpiece 36 can be performed regardless of the state of the other spindle and the turret, and there is no need to stop the operation of the other spindle side. Moreover, even if the first and second tool rests are used together and simultaneous machining is performed by the first and second spindles, the tools on each turret are arranged facing each other so as to face each other. The tools 29 on the turret do not interfere with each other (particularly the inner diameter tools), and simultaneous machining of two workpieces using both spindles and the tool post can be performed smoothly for both inner diameter and outer diameter machining. Furthermore, since there is no need to consider interference between the first and second tool rests and the tools mounted on these tool rests, creating a machining program does not take much time and does not require a high degree of skill. Furthermore, with the above configuration, the machining area using each tool rest and the tool attached to the turret of the tool rest is in the X-axis direction, that is,
They are set in a superimposed manner in a direction perpendicular to the spindle axis direction. As a result, the machining areas corresponding to each tool rest are arranged in a superimposed manner in a direction perpendicular to the spindle axis direction, and two sets of tool rests, turrets, and headstocks are arranged in series in the spindle axis direction. This makes it possible to eliminate mutual interference between tools, turrets, tool rests, and headstocks while ensuring machining areas in two orthogonal directions, allowing them to be arranged extremely densely on a plane, resulting in a compact size. This makes it possible to provide a lightweight opposed spindle lathe. Furthermore, by adopting such a high-density arrangement, British Patent Publication No. 2178
Compared to the case where each component is arranged in the order of headstock, workpiece machining area, turret, and tool rest, as seen in the 991, the distance between the headstocks can be significantly shortened, and the workpiece Delivery can be done in a short time and with high precision.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a control block diagram showing an embodiment of an opposed spindle lathe according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the opposed spindle lathe shown in FIG. 1;

[
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing how a workpiece is processed using an embodiment of the opposed spindle lathe according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing how a workpiece is processed using an embodiment of the opposed spindle lathe according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing how a workpiece is processed using an embodiment of the opposed spindle lathe according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing how a workpiece is processed using an embodiment of the opposed spindle lathe according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing how a workpiece is processed using an embodiment of the opposed spindle lathe according to the present invention;

[Fig. 8] Using an embodiment of the opposed spindle lathe according to the present invention,
A diagram showing how to process the

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing how a workpiece is processed using an embodiment of the opposed spindle lathe according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing how a workpiece is processed using an embodiment of the opposed spindle lathe according to the present invention;

[Fig. 11] Q arrow view of the workpiece in Fig. 5;

FIG. 12 is a view of the workpiece in the direction of arrow R in FIG. 9; 1... Opposing spindle lathe 2... Frame (body) 3, 5... Headstock 3a, 5a... Spindle 3b, 5b... Chuck 26, 27... Turret 26a, 27a... Turret (turret head) )29...
…tool

Claims (1)

[Claims] Claim 1: A first chuck having a frame, each chuck being provided with a chuck capable of holding a workpiece on the frame.
In the machine tool, the first and second headstocks, which rotatably support a spindle and a second spindle, are provided opposite to each other, and the first and second headstocks are mounted on the frame. The first spindle is provided so as to be relatively movable only in the axial direction of the spindle so that the work can be transferred from the first spindle to the second spindle. A second turret corresponding to the spindle is disposed with its side surfaces facing each other and on the same side with respect to a line connecting the first and second spindles, and Turrets are arranged on the mutually facing side surfaces of the second tool rest such that the turrets can be rotated and positioned about an axis parallel to the axial direction of the spindle, and the side surfaces of the turrets directly face each other; and a first tool rest set, and a second headstock and second tool rest set are arranged on both sides with respect to the center of the frame, and on the outer peripheral surface of the turret of the first tool rest. When the plurality of tool attachment parts are positioned at a predetermined machining position, the plurality of tool attachment parts protrude toward the line segment side than the first tool rest, and the external tool and/or
or so that an inner diameter tool can be mounted, and when the inner diameter tool is mounted on the tool mounting portion and the inner diameter tool is positioned at a predetermined machining position, the inner diameter tool is moved in the chuck direction of the second spindle. a plurality of tool attachment parts are formed on the outer circumferential surface of the turret of the second tool post, and when the tool attachment parts are positioned at a predetermined machining position, the second cutter The shape is such that it protrudes from the table toward the line segment side, and allows an external tool and/or an internal tool to be installed, and the internal tool is installed at the tool installation site, and the internal tool is positioned at a predetermined machining position. When the tool is mounted, the inner diameter tool is formed to protrude in the direction of the chuck of the second spindle, and the tool on the first tool rest is directed against the workpiece held by the chuck of the first spindle. . An opposed spindle lathe, characterized in that the tool on the second tool post processes a workpiece held by a chuck of a second spindle.