Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
  • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
  • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
  • B04C5/12—Construction of the overflow ducting, e.g. diffusing or spiral exits
  • B04C5/13—Construction of the overflow ducting, e.g. diffusing or spiral exits formed as a vortex finder and extending into the vortex chamber; Discharge from vortex finder otherwise than at the top of the cyclone; Devices for controlling the overflow
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
  • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
  • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
  • B04C5/02—Construction of inlets by which the vortex flow is generated, e.g. tangential admission, the fluid flow being forced to follow a downward path by spirally wound bulkheads, or with slightly downwardly-directed tangential admission
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
  • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
  • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
  • B04C5/08—Vortex chamber constructions
  • B04C5/081—Shapes or dimensions

Definitions

• This invention relates to a cyclone separator for separating a denser component of a liquid mixture from a less dense component thereof, said separator being of a kind having an axially extending separating chamber having towards one end inlet means for admis ⁇ sion of the mixture with a tangential flow component, the separating chamber having an axially positioned overflow outlet adjacent said one end and said sep ' arating chamber of generally tapered form with a relatively larger cross-sectional size at said one end and a relatively small cross sectional size at an axially positioned underflow outlet at the end of the separating chamber opposite said one end, wherein in use the denser component is directed to the underflow outlet in a fashion such as to encompass an inner axially positioned core of the less dense component which is subjected at least over a substantial part of its length to a pressure differential causing it to flow to the overflow outlet.
• a cyclone separator as above described is characterized in that said inle means is defined by a portion of the separating chamber and at least one inlet tract communicating with said portion, said portion being that portion of the separating chamber which is at the same lengthwise postion as the or each inlet tract, and the or each said tract being of a profiled configuration.
• a particular form of profile in accordance with the invention is an involute form arranged to admit the liquid in a spiral path.
• the invention provides a cyclone separator as first above described wherein an end wall of the separating chamber, through which said overflow outlet communicates with the separating chamber, is formed of curved configuration such as being concave or convex when viewed in axial section.
• the invention provides a cyclone separator as first above described wherein the overflow outlet is in the form of a duct which extends through an end wall of the separating chamber and projects into the separating chamber.
• Figure 1 is a cross-sectional diagram of a separator constructed in accordance with the inven ⁇ tion
• Figure 2 is a cross section substantially on the line 2-2 in Figure 1;
• Figures 3 and 4 illustrate alternative forms of an end wall of the separating chamber of Figure 1;
• Figure 5 shows an alternative form of the over ⁇ flow outlet for the separator of Figure 1;
• Figure 6 is a detailed axial cross-sectional view of the inlet means of a separator constructed in accordance with the invention;
• Figure 7 is a diagram like Figure 6 but showing preferred inlet tract profiles;
• Figure 8 is a fragmentary axial diagram of a modified inlet tract.
• the separator 10 comprises a separating chamber 12 having three coaxially arranged separating chamber portions 14, 16, 18 of cylindrical configuration. These are of diameters and lengths d 1 1-; d_ 1_; and d, 1_ respectively. Portion 14 is of greater diameter than portion 16 and portion 18 is of lesser diameter than portion 16. As described in the specification of Patent Application PCT/AU83/00028, a flow restricting means (not shown) may be provided at the outlet from the cylindrical portion 18 but in this instance the outlet end is shown as being provided by an underflow outlet 24 from cylindrical portion 18. A tapered section 17 may be provided between portions 14 and 16. Although the portion 16 shown exhibits a first section of parallel sided form followed by a tapered section, in practice, it is possible to form portion 16 as having a constant taper over its length.
• An involute inlet pipe 20 is provided to the separating chamber portion 14, this opening into a side wall of the separating chamber at an inlet opening 23.
• An overflow outlet 25 is provided on the axis of the separating chamber portion 14, this leading to an axial overflow pipe 27.
• the involute inlet pipe 20 spirals around the periphery of the separating chamber portion 14 and exhibits a gradually decreasing cross sectional area as it approaches the opening 23.
• the pipe 20 and opening 23 may be of rectangular cross section.
• the separator 10 functions generally in accordance with past practice in that the liquid mixture admitted into the separating chamber via the inlet pipe 20 is subjected to centrifugal action causing the separated liquid components to be ejected, on the one hand from the outlet 24 and on the other through the outlet 25.
• the denser phase material flows to the underflow outlet 24 in an annular cross-sectioned flow around the wall of the separating chamber whilst the lighter phase forms a central core 40 which is subjected to differential pressure action driving the liquid therein out the overflow outlet 25.
• the separating chamber 12 may be constructed somewhat in accordance the teachings of Australian patent specification 47105/79 the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated into the present specification to form part thereof. In specification 47105/79, the separating chamber is described as having the following dimensional relationships: 10 ⁇ V ⁇ 25
• A. is the total cross-sectional area of the feed inlet, provided by inlet opening 23
• d is the diameter of the overflow outlet 25 and the remaining terms have the meanings ascribed to above.
• A. is the total cross-sectional area of the feed inlet, provided by inlet opening 23
• d is the diameter of the overflow outlet 25 and the remaining terms have the meanings ascribed to above.
• the separator of this invention may advantageously be characterised by having the ratio l 2 ⁇ d 2 at ⁇ - eas't ⁇ ial to 10.
• the ratio d- /d_ may be in the range 1.5 to 3.0, such as 2.0.
• the inlet means of the separator is shown as comprising an inlet tract 80 together with a portion of the separating chamber of the separator which is lengthwise adjacent thereto.
• the separator shown in Figure 1 is described as having three distinct portions of successively decreasing diameters, it is not essential that the separator be so formed as it could, for example, exhibit any generally tapered configuration extending from a larger diameter end adjacent the overflow outlet to a smaller cross section end adjacent the underflow outlet.
• the tract 80 is shown as having an outer profile 82 and an inner profile 84.
• the diameter D of the cyclone separator as shown in Figure 6 corresponds to the diameter d, in Figure 1, since the inlet tract 80 (as in the case of the Figure 1 construction) communicates with the separating chamber at the larger diameter end thereof.
• the tract 80 is considered as extending from a location indicated generally by reference numeral 85 inwardly towards the separating chamber.
• the location 85 is defined as a point beyond which, reckoned in the direction inwardly towards the separating chamber the flow of inlet liquid cannot be described by the simple flow equations.
• the points 83, 87 on the outer and inner profiles aligned with location 85 are points where, if the profiles were projected outwardly therefrom in parallel relationship the separator would operate substantially the same as if the profiles were continued in the profiled config- urations defined in accordance with this invention.
• outwardly projected is meant a projec ⁇ tion from the respective profile which is sub ⁇ stantially tangential at the point of meeting the respective profile.
• the outer profile 82 is such that vector T describing the location of any particular point on outer profile and contained in a plane normal to said axis, and having its origin at location "C" , is such that as the magnitude of the vector T increases, an angle ⁇ between the vector T and a tangent 92 to circumference 86 passing through said location "C" never decreases and never becomes less than zero for all magnitudes of T less than Y D
• a vector U describing the location of any particular point on the inner profile 84 and having its point of origin at location "E" is such that as the magnitude of vector U increases, the angle between vector U and a tangent 93 to said circumference which passes through said location "E” never decreases and never becomes less than zero, for all magnitude of vector U less than oi D, at least for substantial magnitudes of vector ⁇ .
• substantial magnitude of vector U we mean that in the vicinity of the location "E", vector U may not be defined because of possible rounding of the inner profile as pre ⁇ viously described.
• the cross sectional area A describing the location of any particular point on the inner profile 84 and having its point of origin at location "E” is such that as the magnitude of vector U increases, the angle between vector U and a tangent 93 to said circumference which passes through said location "E” never decreases and never becomes less than zero, for all magnitude of vector U less than oi D, at least for substantial magnitudes of vector ⁇ .
• d represents the underflow outlet diameter corresponding to diameter d- in Figure 1.
• the angle O measured about the axis of the separator between the points "C" and “E” was 86°.
• the inner profile 84 was terminated by a curved portion 84a co-joining with circumference 86, this portion had a curvature of approximately 0.5mm and located some 110° around the axis of the separator from the point "C".
• the.following mathematical relationship was appropriate for describing the profiles 82, 84:
• r Q is the distance from the axis of the separator to any particular point on the outer profile 82
• r. is the distance from the axis of the separator to any particular point on the inner profile 84
• Z fl is the angle, reckoned from the line 91 joining the axis of the separator and the point "C", in a clockwise direction around the axis of the separator to any point on the outer profile 82
• Z. is the angle, reckoned from the line 91 in a clockwise direction to any particular point on the inner profile 84.
• the tract 80 may have a rectangular transverse cross section such as having longer sides extending parallel to the axis of the separator and of length W and shorter sides contained in planes normal to the axis of the separator and of length t. In this case the following relationships may prevail
• Figure 8 shows a further modification of the separator in accordance with the invention where the inlet tract 80 is shown as extending with its mean flow path 93 for liquid flowing therein as being at an angle to the axis 95 of the separator rather than being normal thereto as illustrated in Figure 1.
• the axis 93 of tract 80 makes an angle to axis in the range
• the tract is of rectangular cross section it is preferred that it be of such rectangular cross section at least over a length qD where q is less than .
• the described separator inlet configuration may readily be employed where more than one tract 80 is provided.
• the total area A. is related to the lengths and widths of the feed tracts at the relevant cross sections as follows:
• FIG 3 shows a modification of the separator of Figure 1.
• the end wall 50 of the separating chamber portion 14, adjacent overflow outlet 25, is formed of concave form.
• the end wall 50 is shown in a further modification as exhibiting a convex form when viewed in axial section.
• Figure 5 shows a still further modification where the overflow inlet 25 is formed from a pipe 27 having a portion 27a which extends through wall 50 (in this case, shown as being linear in axial section) and into the separating chamber 14 a short distance.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Geometry (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• Cyclones (AREA)

Priority Applications (8)

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Publications (1)

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Citations (17)

Family Cites Families (2)

• 1985
  • 1985-01-22 CA CA000472531A patent/CA1269952A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1985-01-23 ES ES85539761A patent/ES8608342A1/es not_active Expired
  • 1985-01-23 IL IL74139A patent/IL74139A/xx unknown
  • 1985-01-23 IE IE850138A patent/IE850138L/xx unknown
  • 1985-01-23 ZA ZA85547A patent/ZA85547B/xx unknown
  • 1985-01-23 MX MX204106A patent/MX162038A/es unknown
  • 1985-01-24 JP JP60500628A patent/JPS61501012A/ja active Pending
  • 1985-01-24 AU AU38866/85A patent/AU3886685A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1985-01-24 BR BR8504916A patent/BR8504916A/pt unknown
  • 1985-01-24 PL PL25170785A patent/PL251707A1/xx unknown
  • 1985-01-24 CU CU8517A patent/CU21960A1/es unknown
  • 1985-01-24 DE DE8585900590T patent/DE3579162D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1985-01-24 EP EP85900590A patent/EP0203065B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1985-01-24 GB GB08617436A patent/GB2182868B/en not_active Expired
  • 1985-01-24 WO PCT/AU1985/000010 patent/WO1985003242A1/en active IP Right Grant
  • 1985-01-24 CS CS85493A patent/CS49385A2/cs unknown
  • 1985-01-24 IT IT47591/85A patent/IT1182146B/it active
  • 1985-01-24 IN IN46/CAL/85A patent/IN164072B/en unknown
  • 1985-01-24 KR KR1019850700173A patent/KR850700118A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1985-08-16 DK DK373285A patent/DK164575C/da active
  • 1985-09-23 NO NO85853723A patent/NO168993C/no unknown
• 1987
  • 1987-09-30 MY MYPI87002596A patent/MY102231A/en unknown
• 1989
  • 1989-07-21 AU AU38857/89A patent/AU610007B2/en not_active Ceased

Patent Citations (17)

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