WO1985000023A1 - Appareil et procede de deformation de tube - Google Patents

Appareil et procede de deformation de tube Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1985000023A1
WO1985000023A1 PCT/AU1984/000108 AU8400108W WO8500023A1 WO 1985000023 A1 WO1985000023 A1 WO 1985000023A1 AU 8400108 W AU8400108 W AU 8400108W WO 8500023 A1 WO8500023 A1 WO 8500023A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pipe
heating station
length
heating
path
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU1984/000108
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Pierre Emile Berger
Original Assignee
Enaco (Australia) Pty. Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Enaco (Australia) Pty. Ltd. filed Critical Enaco (Australia) Pty. Ltd.
Publication of WO1985000023A1 publication Critical patent/WO1985000023A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
    • B21C37/28—Making tube fittings for connecting pipes, e.g. U-pieces
    • B21C37/283—Making U-pieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
    • B21C37/28—Making tube fittings for connecting pipes, e.g. U-pieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
    • B21C37/28—Making tube fittings for connecting pipes, e.g. U-pieces
    • B21C37/29—Making branched pieces, e.g. T-pieces
    • B21C37/292—Forming collars by drawing or pushing a rigid forming tool through an opening in the tube wall
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D7/00—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes
    • B21D7/02—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes over a stationary forming member; by use of a swinging forming member or abutment
    • B21D7/024—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes over a stationary forming member; by use of a swinging forming member or abutment by a swinging forming member
    • B21D7/025—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes over a stationary forming member; by use of a swinging forming member or abutment by a swinging forming member and pulling or pushing the ends of the work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J9/00—Forging presses
    • B21J9/02—Special design or construction
    • B21J9/06—Swaging presses; Upsetting presses
    • B21J9/08—Swaging presses; Upsetting presses equipped with devices for heating the work-piece

Definitions

  • This invention relates to apparatus and methods for deforming pipes, for example by curving, coiling or thickening.
  • the pipe wall is deformed where locally heated at the heating station to produce the required curvature and it rapidly sets in the deformed condition as it cools on- leaving the heating station.
  • the pipe is heated evenly around its circumference at the heating station, for example by an electrical induction coil designed to completely encircle the pipe. Heating in this way produces satisfactory curving but it results in a thinning of the pipe wall on the outside of the curve. More particularly there is a longitudinal contraction and radial thickening of the pipe wall at the inside of the " curve and a corresponding longitudinal extension and radial thinning of the pipe wall at the outside of the curve.
  • the thinning of the pipe wall causes localized weakness and in many applications it is necessary to use a heavier duty pipe for curved sections than for straight sections, with significant cost penalties.
  • the thinning of a pipe curved on a machine of this kind is minimized by pushing rather than pulling the pipe through the heating station, by heating only a small section of the pipe at any one time and by forming the bend in one continuous operation. Nevertheless, while a machine of this kind may reduce the number of welds required in a pipe length, if the pipe wall thickness has to be increased to accommodate the pipe curves cost savings are reduced. It is also to be noted that the proposed machines of this kind are limited to curves of a maximum of 180°.
  • a pipe curving ' machine comprising: pip ⁇ heating means disposed at a pipe heating station; pipe feed means to feed a length of pipe to be curved through the pipe heating station for localized heating of the pipe at that station; and pips guide means for guiding the pipe in a curved path downstream of the heating station; wherein the pipe heating means is such as to preferentially heat the pipe wall to the inside of the pipe curve whereby the pipe curves into said path substantially by thickening of the pipe wall on the inside of the curve without a corresponding thinning of the wall on the outside of the curve.
  • the pipe feed means may comprise a pusher operable to push the length of pipe through the heating station.
  • the pipe guide means may comprise a pivot arm for attachment to the pipe downstream of the heating station and pivotable so as to then constrain the pipe to move in said path.
  • the pipe heating means may comprise an electrical induction coil to encompass the pipe and having a lobed interior so as to define a pocket between the coil and the pipe at the outside of the curve.
  • the heating means may further comprise a cooling pad extending within the lobed interior of the coil and provided with means for circulation of a cooling fluid therethrough.
  • the coil may be shaped so that the pocket is crescent-shaped and the cooling pad may be of crescent- shaped cross-section to substantially fill the pocket.
  • an air blast plenum will be located immediately upstream of the heating station, the plenum having apertures therein to direct air blasts at the pipe as it passes through the heating station and thereby remove gases and other products of the heating.
  • quenching means will usually be provided immediately downstream of the heating station to cool the pipe wall as soon as it has been curved at the heating station by the guide means and .thereby alleviate non-desired deformation of the pipe.
  • the machine in accordance with the first aspect of the present invention has a T-shaped plan, with the feed means being displaceable along the bottom of the T-shape, the pipe heating station being located at the junction of the bottom and the cross-piece of the T-shape, and the pivot arm being displaceable along the cross-piece and pivotable therefrom. - . -
  • a method of curving a pipe which comprises feeding a length of pipe to be curved to a pipe heating station, preferentially heating the pipe wall to one side as the pipe length passes through the heating station, quenching the pipe length immediately downstream of the heating station, and guiding the pipe length in a curved path downstream of the heating station with the inside of said curved path being on said preferentially heated side of said pipe wall whereby the pipe curves into said path substantially by thickening of the pipe wall on the inside of the curve without a corresponding thinning of the wall on the outside of the curve.
  • a pipe when curved by the method of the immediately preceding paragraph is provided.
  • Hitherto pipe coils have been formed by forming 180° curves in pipe lengths, suitably shaping the pipe ends and welding the lengths together.
  • a pipe length has been manually heated and bent around a former. Both the above known methods are extremely laborious- and therefore expensive.
  • a method of coiling a length of pipe which comprises: feeding the pipe length through a heating station to locally heat the pipe length; - 7 -
  • the curved path may be relatively short, extending for example through an arc of 20°, but should be not more than 90° since otherwise the desired pitch of the coiled pipe may not be obtainable by merely rotating the pipe length.
  • a pipe coiling machine comprising: pipe heating means disposed at a pipe heating station; pipe feed means to feed a length of pipe to be coiled through the pipe heating station for localized heating of the pipe at that station; pipe guide means capable of guiding a portion of the pipe length in a curved path downstream of the heating station in the plane of the pipe length, said curved path being along an arc of up to 90 taken on a constant radius about a fixed locus; and - 8 -
  • said supporting means being capable of directing the pipe length along the coil path when the pipe length upstream of the heating station is fed through the heating station.
  • the pipe directing means may be any means which ensures that the pipe length follows the coil path as it leaves the heating station, and is preferably fixed in use to permit the free passage of the directed pipe length therethrough.
  • the pipe guide means conveniently comprises a pivot arm having a pivot axis perpendicular to said plane of the pipe length and clamping means carried by the pivot arm to receive the portion of the pipe length downstream of the heating station and displaceable along the curved path by pivoting motion of the pivot arm.
  • the preferred method of coiling comprises clamping the portion of the pipe length to means displaceable along the curved path during said guiding step, releasing the portion of the pipe length from said clamping means/ performing said rotating step, and directing the pipe length through fixed directing means on the coil path while heating the pipe length at the heating station during the guiding and feeding steps. It has been found that the pipe follows the coil path very accurately and the pipe directing means may be located immediately downstream of the heating station or angularly displaced therefrom by up to 90° or more.
  • the pipe heating station will include pipe heating means which may heat the pipe evenly around the circumference, but this tends to lead to a thinning of the pipe wall on the outside of the curve by longitudinal extension and radial thinning so that a heavier duty pipe _ 9 _
  • the pipe heating means is such as to preferentially heat the pipe wall to the inside of the pipe curve whereby the pipe curves into said path substantially by 5 thickening of the pipe wall on the inside of the curve without a corresponding thinning of the wall on the outside of the curve.
  • the 10 invention includes a pipe curving machine in accordance with the first aspect of the invention.
  • the clamping means carried by the pivot arm is replaced by the pipe directing " means which may, for example, be a set of rollers or wheels to embrace the
  • a small diameter pipe may be rotated from the
  • the pipe coiling machine may include pipe turning means for rotating the pipe length about the axis of the pipe length upstream of said pipe portion whereby to displace the curved path of said pipe portion into the coil path
  • the pipe length may be rotated about its axis by suitable means associated with the feed means, for example a geared clamp engageable around the periphery of the pipe length and rotatable by correspondingly geared
  • the rotating means including a motor.
  • the rotating means may comprise a chain locked around the pipe periphery with one free end extending part way around the periphery and tangentially therefrom, such that longitudinal displacement of the
  • the pitch of a coiled pipe where the diameter of the pipe is 600mm and the diameter of the coil is 2000mm must be considerably greater than where the pipe diameter is 50mm and the coil diameter is 3500mm, although the pitch of the latter coiled pipe may optionally be selected the same as that of the former.
  • apparatus for thickening a pipe comprising: pipe heating means disposed at a pipe heating station; pipe pusher means to push a length of pipe through the pipe heating station for localized heating of the pipe at that station; and pipe restraint means to engage " the pipe downstream.of the heating station and to provide resistance to the movement of the pipe caused by the pusher means so as to reduce the speed of pipe movement downstream of the heating station and to cause thickening of the pipe wall by deformation of the heated pipe wall at the heating station.
  • This third aspect of the present invention has particular application to the production of pipe lines in which nozzles or branch lines extend from main pipe - _ii .
  • the apparatus of the present invention enables a pipe wall to be appreciably thickened over any required length and this in turn makes it possible to form nozzles and junctions by extrusion from the pipe wall.
  • the invention is not limited to this application, however, and there are many other circumstances in which localized thickening of a pipe wall would be an advantage. For example, pipe ends could be thickened preparatory to being screw-threaded.
  • a method of forming a T-junction in a pipe for connection of an adjacent unit which comprises thickening the pipe wall of a preselected section of the.pipe using the apparatus of the third aspect of the invention, forming a bore through the thickened pipe wall at the desired location of the T- junction, said bore being undersized compared to the desired cross-sectional area of the T-junction, providing an extrusion member within the pipe, said extrusion member being of substantially the desired cross-sectional area of the T-junction, and withdrawing the extrusion member through the bore to thereby extrude the pipe wall material around the bore into an integral T-junction collar to which the adjacent unit may be fastened.
  • a branch pipe or other unit may be - ⁇ 2 -
  • the pipe restraint means of the pipe thickening apparatus may be effective to provide a fluid pressure resistance to the forward movement of the pipe. It may for example comprise an hydraulic resistor. More particularly, it may comprise an hydraulic cylinder unit. This arrangement may be used where the pipe length to be thickened is straight, with the pipe section being allowed to move downstream of the heating station more slowly than upstream of the heating station. However, it is considered particularly applicable where the pipe wall to be thickened is in a curved section of the pipe, in which case the apparatus may include pipe guide means for guiding the pipe in a curved path downstream of the heating station with the pipe restraint means acting on the pipe guide means.
  • the pipe heating means, the pipe pusher means and the pipe guide means form part of a pipe curving machine in accordance with the first aspect of the present invention, with the pipe guide means comprising a pivot arm for attachment to the- pipe to constrain the pipe to move in the curved path.
  • the pusher means and the restraint means are directly opposed to one another respectively to cause and to restrain movement along a linear path.
  • This configuration will be used for producing wall thickening in a straight pipe.
  • the restraint means may restrain any section of the pipe so that the wall thickening may be at one end, between the ends of the pipe or at several locations along the pipe length.
  • the pipe restraint means is fixed downstream of the heating station to hold the pipe at the desired location downstream of the heating station - 4.3 -
  • the heating station is itself moved linearly upstream away from the pipe restraint means as the pusher means acts to displace the pipe length through the heating station.
  • the pipe is only thickened where it is heated by the heating means and control is provided by the relative displacements of the pusher means and heating station towards each other.
  • the heating station will generally include quenching means immediately downstream of the heating means to minimise unwanted distortion of the pipe. It may also be desirable to include guide rollers or similar means on either side of the heating station to maintain the configuration of the pipe as the heating station effectively moves along its length.
  • the apparatus in accordance with the third aspect of the invention may also be used for thickening non-tubular sections, that is it may be used for increasing the ⁇ ross-sectional area of solid lengths of material, and reference to the thickening of pipe sections herein should be construed accordingly where applicable.
  • Fig. 1 is a plan view of the pipe curving machine
  • Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged plan view of the machine of Fig. 1 with part of the view broken away for clarity;
  • Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged side view of the machine of Fig. 1 taken on the line 3-3; - 14 -
  • Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged side view of the machine of Fig. 1 taken on the line 4-4;
  • Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on the line 5-5 in Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 6 is an enlarged detailed view of the view in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken on the line 7-7 in Fig. 6, but showing a pivot arm and cross-member aligned;
  • Fig. 8 is a side view, partly broken away, taken on line 8-8 in Fig. "6;
  • Fig. 9 is a view taken on line 9-9 in Fig. 6;
  • Fig. 10 is a partial view on line 10-10 of Fig. 6;
  • Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a pipe length which has been curved on the machine of Fig. 1;
  • Figs. 12 and 13 show different plan views similar to Fig. 2 but with the machine modified to perform thickening of the pipe wall in straight pipe lengths; the different views showing different stages of the pipe thickening process;
  • Fig. 14 shows a cross-section of a pipe whose wall has been thickened on the machine of Figs. 12 and 13; and Figs. 15, 16 and 17 show three stages in a pipe coiling operation carried out on the machine of Fig. 1 suitably modified in Figs. 16 and 17.
  • the pipe curving machine illustrated in Figs. 1 to 9 comprises a pipe feed means denoted generally as 11 for feeding a length of pipe 12 through a heating station 13 and a pipe guide -means denoted generally as 14 for guiding the pipe in a curved path downstream of the heating station 13.
  • a pipe feed means denoted generally as 11 for feeding a length of pipe 12 through a heating station 13
  • a pipe guide -means denoted generally as 14 for guiding the pipe in a curved path downstream of the heating station 13.
  • Pipe feed means 11 comprises a pusher 15 mounted on track rails 16 and movable along those rails by operation of two hydraulic cylinder arrangements 17 connected to the pusher.
  • Heating station 13 is defined by an electrical induction heater 19 which encircles the pipe to provide localized heating of the pipe wall at the heating station.
  • Pusher rails 16 are mounted on a pair of massive I-beams 21 forming part of a main frame of the machine.
  • This frame is generally T-shaped with the I- beams 21 forming the stem of the T and further structural sections being welded together to form a massive generally angle-shaped cross-member 22 of the frame.
  • I- beams 21 carry the induction heater and associated transformer equipment (not shown) and cross member 22 carries a pair of pipe guide rollers 23 movable towards and away from one another so as to be adjustable to form a guide for the pipe immediately in advance of the induction heater.
  • Pipe guide means 14 comprises a clamp head 24 which can be clamped onto the pipe and which is carried on a massive pivot arm 25 extending from an arm pivot 26.
  • the arm pivot is rotatable on a platform 27 " which is mounted by slides 28 on a pair of rails 29 extending along the cross member 22 of the main frame.
  • Pipe clamp 24 is mounted by slides 31 on rails 32 extending along the pivot arm whereby it can be moved in and out along the arm.
  • the pivot arm 25 is initially set so that the pipe clamp head 24 can be clamped around the pipe immediately downstream of the induction heater 19 as indicated in Figure 4 and with the clamp head positioned on the pivot arm at an appropriate radius so that as the pipe is fed
  • the induction heater 19 As the pipe 12 passes through the induction heater 19 its wall is heated locally to enable the deformation required for it to move in the curved path defined by the pivot arm. Deformation occurs only at the heating station and the deformed wall will rapidly set in the deformed condition as it cools on leaving the heating station.
  • induction heater 19 would heat the pipe evenly around its circumference with consequent thinning of the pipe wall at the outside of the curve, as has been discussed above.
  • induction heater 19 is designed to preferentially heat the pipe wall to the inside of the pipe curve whereby the pipe curves substantially by thickening of the pipe wall on the inside of the curve without a corresponding .thinning of the wall on the outside of the curve. Details of the induction heater 19 are illustrated in Figure 10 and will be described in detail hereinafter.
  • the parallel massive I- bea s 21 are supported on the ground 18 by steel pads 20 which are bolted by means not shown on opposed sides to spaced concrete footings 30 and to the I-beams 21.
  • a series of spaced steel spacer members 33 are welded or bolted between the I-beams 21.
  • Rails 16 are welded or otherwise fastened to the exterior surface of the web of respective I-beams 21 and extend from adjacent the cross-member 22 to the remote end 34 of the beams.
  • a transverse stop member 35 is bolted to the I-beams and to the adjacent steel pad 20.
  • Hydraulic cylinder arrangements 17 are mounted in spaced parallel disposition on three carriages 36 slidingly supported on the rails 16.
  • Each carriage 36 comprises a massive steel structure of generally H cross-section as shown in Figure 5.
  • the cross-piece 37 of the H-shap ⁇ extends across the top of the I-beams 21, the upper legs 38 of the H-shape define platforms 39 to which the hydraulic cylinder arrangements 17 are respectively bolted, and the lower legs 40 carry respective roller assemblies 41 to slidingly mount the carriage on the rails 16 with minimal lateral play.
  • the roller assemblies 41 may take any suitable known form and will not be described further.
  • the three carriages 36 are rigidly spaced from one another along the I-beam 21 by their engagement with the two hydraulic cylinder arrangements 17.
  • Each hydraulic cylinder arrangement 17 comprises two back to back hydraulic cylinder units 42 both supported on the central carriage 36 and on the respective outer carriages.
  • Each hydraulic cylinder unit 42 has a single piston 43, the right-hand end ones of which (in Figure 1) carry end plates 44 which are bolted to the transverse stop member 35, and the left-hand end ones of which (in Figure 1) carry end plates 45 which are selectively engaged with the pusher 15.
  • each hydraulic cylinder arrangement 17 may be controlled to extend together or successively, provided in the latter case there is no change in rate in transferring hydraulic fluid flow from one hydraulic cylinder unit 42 to the other, and the hydraulic controls are relatively straight forward.
  • a single hydraulic cylinder unit with a multiple stage piston rod may be used but the control over the hydraulic flow required to ensure a constant rate of extension is more complicated.
  • Pusher 15 comprises a carriage 46 slidingly mounted on the rails 16 in the same manner as the carriages 36.
  • Carriage 46 comprises a cross-piece 47 extending across the top of the I-beams 21 and supporting spaced pillars 48, each of which supports an end plate 45 of the adjacent piston rods 43.
  • the pusher 15 has front and rear cover plates 49 and 50 extending across the pillars 48, at least the pillar 49 having a sufficient cross-sectional area to bear against the end face of a pipe 12 to be curved on the machine to urge the pipe through the heating station 13 as the hydraulic cylinder arrangements 17 are actuated.
  • Spaced support members 51 are mounted on the front plate 49 and project towards the heating station 13 about a lower arc to define a support for the end of the pipe at the height at which the pipe is intended to pass through the heating station.
  • Different front plates 49 may be provided to accommodate different diameter pipes. - 19 -
  • the front plate 49 may be totally removed from the pusher 15 and replaced by a clamp arrangement supported on the cross-piece 47 between the pillars 48 and, for example, essentially identical to the clamp arrangement in the clamp head 24 to be described hereinafter.
  • a clamp arrangement supported on the cross-piece 47 between the pillars 48 and, for example, essentially identical to the clamp arrangement in the clamp head 24 to be described hereinafter.
  • Such an arrangement permits a pipe to extend through the pusher 15, including the back plate 50, between the hydraulic cylinder arrangements 17 and as far back as the stop member 35. If the maximum travel of the hydraulic cylinder arrangements 17 is achieved before the full length of the pipe has been passed through the heating station, the pusher 15 may be released from the pipe and the hydraulic cylinder arrangements retracted to a more rearward position on the pipe before recommencing the bending operation.
  • This arrangement also permits multiple lengths of pipe to be welded together on the machine and to be successively curved as desired.
  • the pillars 48 may carry tie rods (not shown) which extend rearwardly towards the stop member 35 and carry a bearing plate (also not shown) which is intended to engage the trailing end of the pipe, the pipe again extending through the pusher 15.
  • each roller 23 is designed to guide and support the pipe 12 as it passes through the heating station 13.
  • Each roller 23 has an externally concave configuration and is mounted for rotation about a vertical axis.
  • Each roller is mounted on a support 52 slidably carried in a frame 53.
  • the frames 53 are bolted to the upper edge of a massive I-beam 54 forming part of the cross-member 22.
  • Each frame 53 comprises a box section, the two box sections opening towards each other to receive the associated support member 52.
  • Each support member is engaged with a screw-threaded adjustment member 55 which is rotatable - 20 -
  • the support member 52 comprises a box structure which slidingly engages the inner surface of the box frame 53 and has vertically spaced support arms extending outwardly therefrom which at their distal nds receive the roller axles 59.
  • a screw-threaded locking device 60 is carried by the box frame 53 and is adjustable to abut the support member 52 to lock the support member relative to the box frame. If desired the rollers 23 may be exchanged for ones having different radii of curvature to accommodate pipes of different diameter, or they may be removed altogether if necessary.
  • the heating station 13 is mounted on a carriage 61 slidably supported on the rails 16 for displacement along the I-beams 21.
  • the position of the heating station 13 is fixed with the heater 19 immediately downstream of the rollers 23.
  • the carriage 61 is identical to the carriages 36 and carries on the upper surface of the upper legs 62 respective pillars 63 which are sufficiently laterally spaced to permit the pipe to pass therethrough.
  • the pillars 63 extend to a greater height than that of the proposed maximum diameter pipe to be deformed on the machine and support cantilevered arms 64 which in normal usage for curving pipes extend over the rollers 23 and
  • the remote end of the cantilevered arms carry in suspended manner the heater 19, an air blast ring 65 immediately upstream of the heater 19 and a quenching ring 66 immediately downstream of the heater 19.
  • Carriage 61 carries on platforms (not shown) adjacent to the pillars 63 transformers for the heater 19 as well as supply connections for air and water to the rings 65 and 66, with the various supplies being channelled up the pillars 63 and along the cantilevered arms 64.
  • heater 19 comprises an induction coil 67 and a water cooled pad 68 having water supply channels 69 therethrough.
  • induction coil 67 is of lobed configuration so as to define a substantial crescent shaped pocket between the coil and the pipe 12 on the side of the pipe disposed to the outside of the intended pipe curve.
  • the cooling pad 68 fits within this pocket and is crescent shaped so as to substantially fill it.
  • the water supply pipes 69 are also supplied from a connection with a source on the carriage 61.
  • the induction coil 67 is supported from the cantilevered arms 64 by respective branch members 64' which carry the electrical and water supply.
  • the pipe wall at the outside of the curve is not heated sufficiently to be deformed by thinning.
  • the inside of the pipe is heated to elevated temperatures by the induction coil 67 and is able to contract longitudinally - 12 -
  • the desired temperature of the pipe wall at which optimum bending of the pipe occurs will depend upon the material of the pipe and these temperatures have previously been well established, although clearly in accordance with the first aspect of the present invention, the temperature will only be required on the inside of the curve.
  • the inductive power for the coil 67 to provide such temperature will vary according to at least the pipe diameter and wall thickness but is likely to be between 240 and lOOOKw.
  • the ring 65 provided upstream of the heater 19 has apertures on its radially inner surface and closely surrounds the pipe 12. During heating, air is blasted through the apertures to, inter alia, remove noxious gases and maintain a substantially constant atmosphere between the induction coil and the pipe.
  • Ring 66 located downstream of the heater 19 is provided for quenching purposes and is adapted to inject water, air and/or other cooling fluid around the pipe surface immediately after it has passed through the induction coil 67.
  • the type of quench required will depend upon the material of the pipe. Thus for example, for normal carbon steel a controlled water cooling quench is used which refines the grain structure and improves the mechanical properties. In some steels for example API5LX42 up to and including X70, water and air is used for the quench to ensure maximum " ductility at low temperatures. In low alloy steel, including manganese - 23 -
  • the cross-member 22 comprises not only the I- beam 54 mounted on concrete footing 30 and steel pad 20 to be at the same height as the I-beams 21, but also a low section I-beam 70 supported on the ground by a concrete footing 71 and a steel pad 72, the steel pad 72 being bolted to both the I-beam 70 and the concrete footing by means not shown.
  • the I-beam 70 carries on the external surface of the uprights thereof the rails 29 and, on the cross-piece thereof, a screw-threaded rod 73 which is supported for rotation relative thereto as at 74 ( Figure 6) , the rod 73 being selectively rotated by means of an electric motor 75.
  • Two such rods 73 are provided along the length of the I-beam 70, each such rod having its respective motor 75 and the rods being separated by a short distance at the centre of the beam 70.
  • the carriage 27 carries depending members 76 on which the three roller assemblies 28 associated with each rail are supported as shown in Figure 7.
  • the carriage 27 also carries a depending rigid screw-threaded nut 77 which engages with the screw-threaded rod 73 and which .on rotation of the rod 73 is displaced with the carriage along the I-beam.
  • the nut 77 may be automatically transferred from the one screw-threaded rod 73 to the other when the carriage 27 is displaced to the - 24 -
  • the nut 77 is displaceable along a bearing surface 78 provided on the cross-piece of the I-beam 70.
  • the carriage 27 also carries the pivot 26 by which the arm 25, which comprises a further I-beam, is pivotally mounted relative to the carriage 27.
  • a bearing member 79 is supported on the carriage 27 around the pivot post 27 and a roller bearing assembly 80 is located between the upper surface of the bearing member and the pivot arm 25.
  • the pivot arm 25 is free to pivot relative to the carriage from substantially any position along the I-beam 70.
  • the parallel cylindrical rails 32 mounted along substantially the full length of the I-beam 25 receive the horse shoe cross-section slides 31 thereon, the slides depending from a platform 81 of the clamp head 24.
  • the I-beam 25 also carries a screw-threaded rod 82 rotatably mounted relative to the I-beam on bearings 83.
  • the rod 82 is adapted to be rotated by an electric motor 84 provided at the distal end of the pivot arm 25.
  • the screw-threaded rod 82 is located between the rails 32 and a screw-threaded nut depends in rigid manner from the carriage 81 between the slides 31 to screw-threadably receive the rod whereby the carriage may be displaced along the rails 32 and I-beam 25 on rotation of the rod
  • the clamp head 24 is mounted on the platform 81 in off-set manner whereby, with reference to Figure 4, when the arm 25 is aligned along the I-beam 70, in which position the arm 25 engages a stopper 85 mounted on the I-beam 54 ( Figure 7) the platform 81 substantially abuts the I-beam 54 and the clamp head 24 is disposed in a plane immediately downstream of the plane of the heater 19 and quench ring 66. In order to begin bending the pipe, the clamp head 24 is set at the desired radius of 15
  • the pivot arm 25 carries a ground engaging wheel assembly 86 adjacent its remote end in order to ensure the horizontal attitude of the arm.
  • the clamp head 24 carried by the platform 81 is in the form of a box frame comprising opposed upright members 87, identical bottom plates 88 having concave cut-out portions in their upper surfaces and welded to respective sides of the two upright members 87, and a top member 89 pivotally mounted at 90 to one of the upright members 87 and selectively lockable with the other upright member by a simple locking arrangement comprising a pivoted screw-threaded bolt 91 on the other upright member 87 engageable in a slot formed in the top member 89 (not shown) with a - ' ⁇ --. ⁇ -,,-•-" screw-threaded nut 92 on the bolt 91 which may be screwed " down onto the surface around the slot.
  • a bottom clamp member 93 having a cut-out of equal radius to the radius of the pipe is located between the identical bottom plates 88 and is held therebetween.
  • a top clamping member 94 also having an arcuate cut-out of radius equal to that of the pipe 12 is supported from the top member 89 by a pivot location 95 and is lo ⁇ atable over the bottom clamping member -93 by slide plates 96 provided on opposed sides of each upright member 87. In normal usage the bottom and top clamp members 93 and 94 do not abut, thereby permitting the clamp head 24 to be tightened on a pipe 12 by means of the locking nut and bolt assembly 91 and 92.
  • a pipe 12 may be curved in a clockwise or anticlockwise manner relative to the heating station 13.
  • Such curve may be up to 180 and may, if desired, be followed by a curve in a different plane by suitably rotating the pipe about its unbent axis.
  • the metal bending temperature, bending speed and bending force are partly dependent upon the pipe thickness and are advantageously controlled by means of a microprocessor which monitors the pipe thickness prior to the heating zone.
  • the known pipe diameter which may be accommodated on the machine is from 50mm to 760mm with a wall thickness from 3mm to 75mm.
  • the bending radius range is from 75mm to 5000mm and it is to be noted that with suitable adaptation the machine can accommodate non-circular hollow sections or profiles.
  • the clamp head is adjusted so that the pipe cannot pass therethrough, and this may be by clamping the pipe if the pipe thickening is to be intermediate the ends of the pipe or by abutting the pipe against the clamp member if the pipe thickening is to be at that end; and by providing a circular induction heater 19 instead of the lobed coil 67 so that the pipe 12 is heated evenly around its circumference.
  • the hydraulic cylinder arrangements 17 are actuated at the same time as the heating station is slowly displaced towards the pusher 15 by displacement along the rails 16 of the I-beams 21.
  • Such displacement is advantageously by means of an electric motor (not shown) in the same manner as adjustment is provided for the pivot arm 25 along the I- bea 70, that is by means of a motor driven rotatable screw-threaded rod which drivingly engages a nut on the carriage 61 of the heating station.
  • Figure 14 illustrates the thickening of the pipe performed in this manner and this facilitates the screw-threading of the pipe end or the provision of T- junctions in the manner previously described.
  • Pipe thickening may also be performed on a linear pipe by fixing the position of the heating station 13 and restraining movement of the pipe through the heater 19. This may be provided by a hydraulic ram - 29 -
  • the heating station 13 may be fixed and movement of the pivot arm 25 in the machine of Figures 1 to 10 may be restrained by a hydraulic arrangement.
  • Figure 15 illustrates the pipe having been curved on the machine, following which the pipe is released from the clamp head 24 by disengagement of the locking assembly 91, 92, raising the top member 89 and thereby removing the top clamp 94.
  • the pipe is then rotated about its linear axis by the desired amount to define the pitch of the coil to be formed. As shown in Figure 16, the pitch is a few degrees.
  • the clamp head 24 is then replaced by a series of rollers 101 supported in the box frame carried by the pivot arm 25, the rollers 97 supporting the pipe at the desired position defining the pitch.
  • Such support need not be with the pivot arm at 90° relative to the I-beam 70 and may be for example as little as 20° relative thereto.
  • the rollers 97 must rotate about axes at 90 to the plane of the pitch of the pipe and they must therefore be slightly tilted. - 25 -
  • a small pipe 12 may be rotated by hand to define the coil path, or suitable mechanical means may be provided. If it is desired to have a pipe coil of length (along the coil) greater than the length of one pipe length, additional pipe lengths may be welded to the previously coiled portion during the process.
  • Control arrangements for the pipe coiling process are as for the pipe curving process.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Abstract

Dans l'appareil de déformation de tube de la présente invention, un tube (12) est poussé au travers d'une station de chauffage (13) par un bélier poussoir actionné hydrauliquement, et il est courbé en aval de la station de chauffage (13) à l'aide d'un collier de serrage (24) serrant le tube (12) et monté sur un bras de pivot (25). La courbure peut s'effectuer sur 180o dans le sens des aiguilles d'une montre ou dans le sens contraire à celui des aiguilles d'une montre. Une réduction de la paroi du tube s'amincissant à l'extérieur de la courbure est obtenue à l'aide d'une bobine d'induction lobée (67) dans laquelle des moyens refroidis par eau (68) sont prévus entre le tube (12) et la bobine (67) du côté du tube (12) qui définira l'extérieur de la courbure. L'appareil peut être modifié pour assurer le refroidissement des tubes et pour effectuer un épaississement localisé des parois des tubes.
PCT/AU1984/000108 1983-06-16 1984-06-18 Appareil et procede de deformation de tube WO1985000023A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU984283 1983-06-16
AU984383 1983-06-16
AUPF9842 1983-06-16
AUPF9843 1983-06-16
AU156083 1983-09-26
AUPG1560 1983-09-26

Publications (1)

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WO1985000023A1 true WO1985000023A1 (fr) 1985-01-03

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EP (1) EP0153323A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1985000023A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1991016155A1 (fr) * 1990-04-14 1991-10-31 Heinz Ruhl Procede et dispositif de pliage d'au moins une section d'un materiau en barre
EP0960754A1 (fr) * 1998-05-26 1999-12-01 Ford Motor Company Appareil de barre stabilisatrice utilisé dans la suspension de véhicule
WO2008135033A1 (fr) * 2007-05-08 2008-11-13 AWS Schäfer Technologie GmbH Dispositif et procédé de cintrage de tubes
CN102825119A (zh) * 2011-06-19 2012-12-19 江苏亚光金属制品有限公司 蒸发器单头管路弯管机
CN103817186A (zh) * 2014-03-21 2014-05-28 官伟齐 一种双车式弯管机及弯制方法
DE102015106570A1 (de) * 2015-04-28 2016-11-03 AWS Schäfer Technologie GmbH Verfahren zum Induktionsbiegeumformen eines druckfesten Rohrs mit großer Wandstärke und großem Durchmesser

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FR2101121A1 (en) * 1970-08-25 1972-03-31 Gol Sp Kon Tube bending machine - for forming a double spiral in a single operat
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US4122697A (en) * 1974-07-23 1978-10-31 Daiichi Koshuha Kogya Kabushiki Kaisha Means and method for reducing radius expansion in the bending of elongated materials
US4151732A (en) * 1976-09-03 1979-05-01 Cojafex B.V. Process and device for bending elongated articles
DE2747844A1 (de) * 1977-10-26 1979-05-03 Schmidt & Clemens Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen von rohrwendeln
US4177661A (en) * 1975-12-05 1979-12-11 Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for bending large pipes
JPS55144332A (en) * 1979-04-26 1980-11-11 Dai Ichi High Frequency Co Ltd Bending process of metal pipe
JPS55158835A (en) * 1979-05-29 1980-12-10 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Pipe bending method
SU844098A1 (ru) * 1979-08-08 1981-07-07 Предприятие П/Я А-7499 Станок дл гибки труб
GB1603010A (en) * 1977-07-12 1981-11-18 Bergamasca Metallurg Metal pipe bending machine
JPS57193238A (en) * 1981-05-26 1982-11-27 Hitachi Ltd Method and device for bending work of pipe
JPS5893516A (ja) * 1981-11-30 1983-06-03 Hitachi Ltd パイプの熱間曲げ加工法およびその装置
JPS58163542A (ja) * 1982-03-23 1983-09-28 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd 管体のアプセツト加工方法
JPS5930444A (ja) * 1982-08-12 1984-02-18 Hitachi Ltd 管の増肉加工方法および装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB309762A (en) * 1928-05-21 1929-04-18 Wolseley Motors 1927 Ltd A method of and means for producing flanges upon metal tubes
AU2552935A (en) * 1935-12-03 1936-10-29 Limes Limited Improvements in or relating to mechanical forging processes and apparatus therefor
US2219376A (en) * 1939-11-13 1940-10-29 Young Method of manufacturing coil springs
US2413523A (en) * 1943-09-17 1946-12-31 Pedrick Tool & Machine Company Bending machine
AU1710647A (en) * 1947-12-18 1948-12-16 Merrill Oliver Hanna Improved method of and apparatus for electrically heating and upsetting metal rods or bars
GB756141A (en) * 1951-11-05 1956-08-29 Andre Huet Improvements in the manufacture of tubular elements
FR1121907A (fr) * 1953-05-09 1956-08-28 Cintreuse pour tubes
CH339603A (fr) * 1955-08-26 1959-07-15 Barkway Engineering Company Li Procédé pour la fabrication d'un corps creux métallique
FR1329557A (fr) * 1956-12-21 1963-06-14 Machine à former des serpentins tubulaires
FR1178136A (fr) * 1957-07-03 1959-05-04 Procédé de forgeage par compression
DE1265549B (de) * 1961-09-07 1968-04-04 Ford Motor Co Verfahren zum Stauchen laenglicher Gegenstaende
CH401875A (fr) * 1961-11-15 1965-11-15 Huet Andre Procédé de forgeage d'un tube métallique
GB1092578A (en) * 1965-09-20 1967-11-29 Dai Ichi Koshuha Kogyo Co Ltd Methods of bending electrically conductive elongated materials such as bar, rod and pipe and means therefor
AU2641971A (en) * 1970-03-12 1972-09-14 Cojafex N.V. Apparatus and method for bending elongate objects
FR2101121A1 (en) * 1970-08-25 1972-03-31 Gol Sp Kon Tube bending machine - for forming a double spiral in a single operat
SU509326A1 (ru) * 1972-03-17 1976-04-05 Центральный Научно-Исследовательскийинститут Технологии Машиностроения Устройство дл гибки змеевика
US3902344A (en) * 1974-04-01 1975-09-02 Rollmet Inc Tube bending method
US4122697A (en) * 1974-07-23 1978-10-31 Daiichi Koshuha Kogya Kabushiki Kaisha Means and method for reducing radius expansion in the bending of elongated materials
US3958438A (en) * 1974-10-04 1976-05-25 Boris Stepanovich Somov Apparatus for bending pipes with heating of the bending zone
SU627903A1 (ru) * 1975-08-01 1978-10-15 Всесоюзный заочный машиностроительный институт Способ получени трубчатых изделий с концевым наружным утолщением
US4177661A (en) * 1975-12-05 1979-12-11 Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for bending large pipes
US4151732A (en) * 1976-09-03 1979-05-01 Cojafex B.V. Process and device for bending elongated articles
GB1603010A (en) * 1977-07-12 1981-11-18 Bergamasca Metallurg Metal pipe bending machine
DE2747844A1 (de) * 1977-10-26 1979-05-03 Schmidt & Clemens Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen von rohrwendeln
JPS55144332A (en) * 1979-04-26 1980-11-11 Dai Ichi High Frequency Co Ltd Bending process of metal pipe
JPS55158835A (en) * 1979-05-29 1980-12-10 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Pipe bending method
SU844098A1 (ru) * 1979-08-08 1981-07-07 Предприятие П/Я А-7499 Станок дл гибки труб
JPS57193238A (en) * 1981-05-26 1982-11-27 Hitachi Ltd Method and device for bending work of pipe
JPS5893516A (ja) * 1981-11-30 1983-06-03 Hitachi Ltd パイプの熱間曲げ加工法およびその装置
JPS58163542A (ja) * 1982-03-23 1983-09-28 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd 管体のアプセツト加工方法
JPS5930444A (ja) * 1982-08-12 1984-02-18 Hitachi Ltd 管の増肉加工方法および装置

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1991016155A1 (fr) * 1990-04-14 1991-10-31 Heinz Ruhl Procede et dispositif de pliage d'au moins une section d'un materiau en barre
EP0960754A1 (fr) * 1998-05-26 1999-12-01 Ford Motor Company Appareil de barre stabilisatrice utilisé dans la suspension de véhicule
US6206392B1 (en) 1998-05-26 2001-03-27 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Stabilizer bar apparatus for use in a vehicle suspension
WO2008135033A1 (fr) * 2007-05-08 2008-11-13 AWS Schäfer Technologie GmbH Dispositif et procédé de cintrage de tubes
DE102007022004A1 (de) * 2007-05-08 2008-11-13 AWS Schäfer Technologie GmbH Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Biegen von Rohren
DE102007022004B4 (de) * 2007-05-08 2010-07-15 AWS Schäfer Technologie GmbH Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Biegen von Rohren
CN102825119A (zh) * 2011-06-19 2012-12-19 江苏亚光金属制品有限公司 蒸发器单头管路弯管机
CN103817186A (zh) * 2014-03-21 2014-05-28 官伟齐 一种双车式弯管机及弯制方法
CN103817186B (zh) * 2014-03-21 2016-01-13 官伟齐 一种双车式弯管机及弯制方法
DE102015106570A1 (de) * 2015-04-28 2016-11-03 AWS Schäfer Technologie GmbH Verfahren zum Induktionsbiegeumformen eines druckfesten Rohrs mit großer Wandstärke und großem Durchmesser
DE102015106570B4 (de) * 2015-04-28 2016-12-15 AWS Schäfer Technologie GmbH Verfahren zum Induktionsbiegeumformen eines druckfesten Rohrs mit großer Wandstärke und großem Durchmesser
CN107073543A (zh) * 2015-04-28 2017-08-18 Aws舍费尔技术有限公司 用于使具有大壁厚以及大直径的抗压管感应弯曲变形的方法
CN107073543B (zh) * 2015-04-28 2019-01-15 Aws舍费尔技术有限公司 用于使具有大壁厚以及大直径的抗压管感应弯曲变形的方法

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