USRE45875E1 - Method of producing a low twist towel - Google Patents
Method of producing a low twist towel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USRE45875E1 USRE45875E1 US14/524,426 US201414524426A USRE45875E US RE45875 E1 USRE45875 E1 US RE45875E1 US 201414524426 A US201414524426 A US 201414524426A US RE45875 E USRE45875 E US RE45875E
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- yarn
- thick
- low twist
- fabric
- towel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active, expires
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004661 hydrophilic softener Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 7
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002163 hydrogen peroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009955 starching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B4/00—General methods for preserving meat, sausages, fish or fish products
- A23B4/06—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
- A23B4/08—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling with addition of chemicals or treatment with chemicals before or during cooling, e.g. in the form of an ice coating or frozen block
-
- A23L1/3182—
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2075—Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
- D01H1/00—Spinning or twisting machines in which the product is wound-up continuously
- D01H1/11—Spinning by false-twisting
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
- D01H7/00—Spinning or twisting arrangements
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
- D01H7/00—Spinning or twisting arrangements
- D01H7/02—Spinning or twisting arrangements for imparting permanent twist
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
- D02G3/26—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre with characteristics dependent on the amount or direction of twist
- D02G3/28—Doubled, plied, or cabled threads
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D1/00—Woven fabrics designed to make specified articles
- D03D1/0017—Woven household fabrics
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
-
- D03D15/0094—
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
- D03D15/208—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads cellulose-based
- D03D15/217—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads cellulose-based natural from plants, e.g. cotton
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/40—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads
- D03D15/41—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads with specific twist
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/40—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads
- D03D15/43—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads with differing diameters
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
- D03D15/573—Tensile strength
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D23/00—General weaving methods not special to the production of any particular woven fabric or the use of any particular loom; Weaves not provided for in any other single group
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D27/00—Woven pile fabrics
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B3/00—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating
- D06B3/10—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of fabrics
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/38—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/38—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
- D06M11/40—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table combined with, or in absence of, mechanical tension, e.g. slack mercerising
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/673—Inorganic compounds
- D06P1/67333—Salts or hydroxides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/673—Inorganic compounds
- D06P1/67333—Salts or hydroxides
- D06P1/6735—Salts or hydroxides of alkaline or alkaline-earth metals with anions different from those provided for in D06P1/67341
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
- D10B2201/01—Natural vegetable fibres
- D10B2201/02—Cotton
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2401/00—Physical properties
- D10B2401/06—Load-responsive characteristics
- D10B2401/062—Load-responsive characteristics stiff, shape retention
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2401/00—Physical properties
- D10B2401/14—Dyeability
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2509/00—Medical; Hygiene
- D10B2509/02—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
- D10B2509/026—Absorbent pads; Tampons; Laundry; Towels
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the production of a low twist towel suitable for daily use.
- a low twist towel is classified as a high end product in the U.S. market. It is fluffy, soft, and super absorbent.
- the traditional procedure for producing such towels involves twisting a Polyvinyl Alcohol yarn (PVA fiber) in the opposite direction of a cotton yarn so that the resulting 2-ply yarn has a stronger tension in weaving.
- PVA fiber Polyvinyl Alcohol yarn
- the PVA fiber will dissolve in hot water at 85-90° C. In this manner, the twist of the yarn left behind after the PVA dissolves is very low, resulting in a low twist towel.
- this process consumes a large amount of PVA fiber (and is therefore not cost efficient), and the PVA fiber released into the water causes pollution and makes extra work for water processing plants.
- the present invention relates to a method of producing a low twist towel, comprising the steps of: (a) Z twisting a thick yarn and separately Z twisting a fine count yarn; (b) unevenly S twisting the Z-twisted thick yarn into the Z-twisted fine count yarn, such that the volume of thick yarn is higher than the volume of fine count yarn, to produce a 2-ply yarn; (c) weaving the 2-ply yarn to produce a fabric that is free of polyvinyl alcohol fibers; (d) contacting the fabric with hot water to reduce the inner tension of the yarn; and (e) producing a low twist towel.
- the thick yarn is a 16s-2s count yarn, preferably 12s.
- the fine count yarn is a greater than or equal to 60s count yarn, preferably 60s.
- the thick yarn and the fine count yarn may be cotton yarns.
- the weight ratio of thick yarn to fine count yarn in step (a) may be from about 3.5:1 to about 12:1, preferably 12:1.
- the volume ratio of thick yarn to fine count yarn in step (b) may be from about 1.1:1 to about 1.3:1, preferably 1.2:1.
- step (d) comprises contacting the fabric for about 20-60 minutes with hot water having a temperature of about 80-95° C., preferably 60 minutes with hot water having a temperature of 85-92° C.
- one or more of bleaching, dyeing, and final finishing may be performed after step (d).
- a bleaching step may comprise contacting the fabric with a solution comprising NaOH and a fine finishing agent.
- a final finishing step may comprise contacting the fabric with a solution comprising a hydrophilic softener, such as SN-308 crodamide ramification, 2.5-3.8% OWF or cellulose, 0.8-1% OWF.
- the present invention also includes a high quality low twist towel made by the process of the present invention, including a towel having a lint ratio of about 0.08 to about 0.12%.
- the present invention provides a new procedure that avoids the technical defects, waste, and environmental problems associated with traditional low twist towel production.
- the present invention does not use PVA fiber in its process of making a low twist towel, which thus decreases production costs, avoids water pollution, and helps protect and improve the environment.
- a key feature of the unique process of the present invention is the spinning and twisting of the yarns, which ultimately produces a surprisingly high quality towel, especially in terms of hand feel, fluffiness, absorbency, bulky appearance, laundry performance, and ease of weaving.
- the process of the present invention includes the following steps:
- Yarn-spinning Z twist a thick yarn (i.e., twist the yarn clockwise, in a similar direction as the letter “Z”), and separately Z twist a fine count yarn.
- An S twisted 2-ply yarn has, for example, a twist of 24-30T/10 cm.
- the volume of thick yarn should be higher than the volume of fine count yarn.
- weaving is defined as the interlacing of yarns to form a fabric, and is suitably performed using conventional techniques known in the art. For example, weaving may be performed as follows: warp the yarn, perform sizing (to make the thread stiff to allow for weaving and starching of the warped threads), put the beams onto a rapier loom machines, and use an air jet to push the filling thread across the loom.
- the loom carries the weft by using two rapiers, a giver and a taker. The giver takes the weft from one side of the loom to halfway and passes it to the taker, then the reverse procedure happens, and so on. The weft is carried across on a jet of air. After weaving, the greige goods go into the overflow dyeing machine for hot water processing.
- Hot Water Processing this procedure is suitably performed using conventional techniques known in the art.
- the fine count yarn is twisted so that the thick yarn twisted with it is de-twisted to achieve the fabric's fluffy feature.
- the yarns do not need to be submerged in hot water.
- hot water processing may be performed as follows: use a volume of water of 150-900 kg having a dyeing stuff ratio of 1:10 to 1:13 (dyeing stuff ratio refers to the ratio of fabric to the water and dye solution). Raise the temperature to 80-90° C., process for 30-50 minutes, set the pH to 6.5-7.2 and the rigidity to ⁇ 120 ppm. After the overflow machine, the goods (i.e., the fabrics) are spun to shale off extra water; the goods are still damp.
- Suitable fine count yarns include, for example, greater than or equal to about 60s (preferably, 60s) count yarns (e.g., chiffonelle), yarns having a strength of about 165-180 CN, and yarns having a twist value of about 120-132 T/10 cm.
- An exemplary fine count yarn is count 60s, having a strength of 165-180 CN and a twist of 120-132T/10 cm.
- Suitable thick yarns include, for example, about 16s-2s count (preferably, 10s or 12s count) yarns, yarns having a strength of about 580-640 CN, and yarns having a twist value of about 40-50 T/10 cm.
- An exemplary thick yarn is count 12s, having a strength of 580-640 CN and a twist of 45-50T/10 cm.
- 12s cotton yarn is Z twisted as 60s fine count yarn is Z twisted.
- the weight ratio of thick yarn to fine count yarn is from about 3.5:1 to about 12:1, preferably about 12:1 or in the range of about 3.75:1 to about 5:1.
- the volume ratio of thick yarn to fine count yarn is from about 1.1:1 to about 1.3:1. This ratio reflects the ratio of twisting the thick yarn into the finer yarn to create the 2-ply.
- the following parameters may be used: towel tensile: about 30-50 kg; ground tensile: about 280-320 kg; frame: about 274-278 mm pile, about 276-280 mm ground; angle: about 300-320.
- Other suitable weaving parameters are known in the art and used in conventional processes.
- the temperature of the water is maintained at about 80-95° C., preferably 85-92° C., for about 20-60 minutes, preferably 30-50 minutes. It is preferable to add 3-10 g/L penetrant (e.g., Penetrant T, JFC available from Yingdi Chemical Co., Ltd., Shanghai, P. R. China) to the water.
- the hot water processing may be performed using, for example, a Fong's overflow dyeing machine (volume 150-900 kg, dyeing stuff ratio of 1:10 to 1:13).
- the pH during hot water processing is adjusted to 6.5-7.2, and rigidity is set at less than 120 ppm. Hot water processing increases the twist of the fine yarn and decreases the twist of the thick yarn to produce the low twist appearance of the fabric.
- bleaching is performed by contacting the fabric with a solution comprising about 5-15 g/L NaOH liquid and about 1-4 g/L reduced-alkali accelerant (e.g., 99.5% citric acid, 80% glacial acetic acid, or other chemicals that can counteract the NaOH).
- a hydrophilic softener for final finishing.
- bleaching solution suitable for use in the present invention comprises: 35% oxydol (4-6 g/L), 30% NaOH (4-6 g/L), stabilizer (0.8-1.5 g/L), and fine finishing agent (0.8-1.5 g/L).
- bleaching is conducted for 50 minutes at 98° C. and at a pH of 11-12.
- the NaOH is used to remove oil, wax, and gel present in cotton fiber; sodium carbonate may also be used for this purpose.
- dyeing is performed by contacting the fabric with a solution comprising water, dyeing stuff, and dyeing chemicals; adjusting the pH to about 10; heating at about 60° C. for about 30 minutes; and then releasing water from the fabric.
- a dyeing solution suitable for use in the present invention comprises: 99% salt (20-50 g/L) and 99.5% sodium carbonate (5-15 g/L).
- dyeing is performed after bleaching.
- Dye stuff refers to the actual color
- dye chemicals refer to chemicals (e.g., salt and sodium carbonate) that aid in color absorption.
- final finishing is performed by contacting the fabric with a solution containing SN-308 crodamide ramification, 2.5-3.8% OWF.
- Another suitable finishing solution is cellulose, 0.8-1% OWE.
- Final finishing is important as it produces a better look, better feel, and improved softening in the final towel product.
- the environmentally friendly procedure of the present invention eliminates the dependence on PVA fiber in low twist towel production, reduces energy and material consumption, and avoids water pollution.
- Towels produced using the process of the present invention have the following advantageous features:
- Lint ratio refers to a ratio of the weight of dry lint to the weight of dry towel. A lint ratio may be measured by washing and drying a towel according to the care label and then gathering the produced lint for weight testing.
- This example includes twisting thick and fine yarns in opposite directions, weaving, hot water processing, bleaching, dyeing, finishing, sewing, etc. Specifically, the following steps were performed:
- Example 1 the towel produced in Example 1 was easy to weave, but was an unsatisfactory product due to its unsatisfactory hand feel.
- Example 2 the towel produced in Example 2 had good hand feel and loop style, but was an unsatisfactory product due to weaving limitations and low efficiency.
- Example 3 the towel produced in Example 3 had good hand feel, was fluffy, had good absorbency, and was easy to weave.
- Yarn-spinning Z twisting 12s cotton yarn while Z twisting 60s cotton yarn; weight ratio was set to 12:1.
- Thick Yarn Count 12s Strength 580-640 CN, Twist 45-50T/10 cm in a Z twist.
- Fine Yarn Count 60s Strength 165-180 CN, Twist 120-132T/10 cm in a Z Twist.
- Example 4 the towel produced in Example 4 was surprisingly superior to the towels produced in Examples 1-3. Of these examples, the Example 4 towel had the best overall quality in terms of hand feel, fluffiness, absorbency, and ease of weaving.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (41)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US14/524,426 USRE45875E1 (en) | 2007-09-25 | 2014-10-27 | Method of producing a low twist towel |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN200710017170 | 2007-09-25 | ||
CN2007100171700A CN101126190B (en) | 2007-09-25 | 2007-09-25 | Method for producing untwisted towel |
US13/647,661 USRE45243E1 (en) | 2007-09-25 | 2012-10-09 | Method of producing a low twist towel |
US14/524,426 USRE45875E1 (en) | 2007-09-25 | 2014-10-27 | Method of producing a low twist towel |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/237,147 Reissue US7810308B2 (en) | 2007-09-25 | 2008-09-24 | Method of producing a low twist towel |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
USRE45875E1 true USRE45875E1 (en) | 2016-02-02 |
Family
ID=39094316
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/237,147 Ceased US7810308B2 (en) | 2007-09-25 | 2008-09-24 | Method of producing a low twist towel |
US13/647,661 Active 2029-05-09 USRE45243E1 (en) | 2007-09-25 | 2012-10-09 | Method of producing a low twist towel |
US14/524,426 Active 2029-05-09 USRE45875E1 (en) | 2007-09-25 | 2014-10-27 | Method of producing a low twist towel |
Family Applications Before (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/237,147 Ceased US7810308B2 (en) | 2007-09-25 | 2008-09-24 | Method of producing a low twist towel |
US13/647,661 Active 2029-05-09 USRE45243E1 (en) | 2007-09-25 | 2012-10-09 | Method of producing a low twist towel |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US7810308B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101126190B (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20220064827A1 (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2022-03-03 | Loftex Usa Llc | Composite Low-twist Yarn Towel and Production Method Thereof |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101324002B (en) * | 2008-07-24 | 2012-04-18 | 孙日贵 | Method for making bamboo fiber towel |
US8156967B2 (en) * | 2009-04-15 | 2012-04-17 | JC Penney Private Brands, Inc. | Quick-dry textured towel |
CN103103681B (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2015-03-25 | 滨州亚光家纺有限公司 | Low-density rough yarn count towel production method |
US10968544B2 (en) * | 2010-09-24 | 2021-04-06 | Trident Limited | Process for manufacturing air rich yarn and air rich fabric |
CN102121156B (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2012-10-03 | 南通大东有限公司 | Method for processing blanched untwisted relief towels |
US11441246B2 (en) | 2013-05-28 | 2022-09-13 | Uchino Co., Ltd. | Towel product |
CN103321057B (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2015-08-05 | 山东天源家纺有限公司 | A kind of look knits washing TWISTLESS SPINNING broken sth. made by twisting technique |
EP3031965B1 (en) * | 2013-10-01 | 2021-12-01 | Uchino Co., Ltd. | Towel product |
GB2544864B (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2018-06-06 | Trident Ltd | Pile fabric and methods for manufacture of the same |
CN105506803B (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2017-12-22 | 帛方纺织有限公司 | A kind of production method of sponge Towel Yarn |
CN105297233B (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2017-08-29 | 帛方纺织有限公司 | A kind of production method of the towel antimicrobial yarn of the ultralow twist |
CN107513797A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-12-26 | 高密天福家纺有限公司 | Long-staple cotton multilayer fabric and preparation method thereof |
CN107475867A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-12-15 | 高密天福家纺有限公司 | High Zhi Haimian towels and preparation method thereof |
US11021816B2 (en) | 2018-02-21 | 2021-06-01 | Welspun India Limited | Soft twist terry article |
KR102285436B1 (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2021-08-02 | 코오롱인더스트리 주식회사 | Hybrid Tire Cord with Strong Adhesion to Rubber and Excellent Fatigue Resistance and Method for Manufacturing The Same |
US11982024B2 (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2024-05-14 | Christopher Nemeth | Charcoal-infused towel |
CN110923899A (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2020-03-27 | 江苏斯得福纺织股份有限公司 | Production method of novel environment-friendly untwisted towel |
Citations (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3150918A (en) | 1962-03-29 | 1964-09-29 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co | Method of bleaching cotton piece goods |
US3169557A (en) * | 1963-04-30 | 1965-02-16 | Cannon Mills Co | Towel with non-puckering decorative border |
CN1038847A (en) | 1988-06-20 | 1990-01-17 | 北京市对外贸易进出口公司 | The production method of towel yarn of zero twist |
JPH0813283A (en) | 1994-06-23 | 1996-01-16 | Kanebo Ltd | Towel cloth |
CN1122393A (en) | 1995-06-02 | 1996-05-15 | 沈阳毛巾厂 | Softening treatment process for towel fabric |
CN2337162Y (en) | 1998-06-12 | 1999-09-08 | 雄鹰集团公司 | Twistless towel cloth |
US6051034A (en) | 1998-09-30 | 2000-04-18 | Springs Industries, Inc. | Methods for reducing pilling of towels |
CN1336454A (en) | 2001-06-15 | 2002-02-20 | 山东莱州鲁丽丝毛巾有限公司 | Yarn-dyed twist-free towel and its production process |
CN1472379A (en) | 2002-08-01 | 2004-02-04 | 山东高唐棉纺织厂 | Fingering cotton textile roving and textile method thereof |
WO2004037027A1 (en) * | 2002-10-21 | 2004-05-06 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Multilayered, breathable textile fabric |
US20040131821A1 (en) * | 2003-01-06 | 2004-07-08 | Rajesh Mandawewala | Lint-free towels |
JP2005042281A (en) | 2003-07-24 | 2005-02-17 | Ichihiro Co Ltd | Non-twisted yarn like twisted yarn and method for producing the same |
US20050204719A1 (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2005-09-22 | Nisshinbo Industries, Inc. | Composite yarn and textile fabric |
US20070087162A1 (en) | 2005-10-17 | 2007-04-19 | Mandawewala Rajesh R | Hygro materials for use in making yarns and fabrics |
US20070104948A1 (en) * | 2003-12-11 | 2007-05-10 | Kohei Kiriyama | Polybenzazole fiber and article comprising the same |
-
2007
- 2007-09-25 CN CN2007100171700A patent/CN101126190B/en active Active
-
2008
- 2008-09-24 US US12/237,147 patent/US7810308B2/en not_active Ceased
-
2012
- 2012-10-09 US US13/647,661 patent/USRE45243E1/en active Active
-
2014
- 2014-10-27 US US14/524,426 patent/USRE45875E1/en active Active
Patent Citations (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3150918A (en) | 1962-03-29 | 1964-09-29 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co | Method of bleaching cotton piece goods |
US3169557A (en) * | 1963-04-30 | 1965-02-16 | Cannon Mills Co | Towel with non-puckering decorative border |
CN1038847A (en) | 1988-06-20 | 1990-01-17 | 北京市对外贸易进出口公司 | The production method of towel yarn of zero twist |
JPH0813283A (en) | 1994-06-23 | 1996-01-16 | Kanebo Ltd | Towel cloth |
CN1122393A (en) | 1995-06-02 | 1996-05-15 | 沈阳毛巾厂 | Softening treatment process for towel fabric |
CN2337162Y (en) | 1998-06-12 | 1999-09-08 | 雄鹰集团公司 | Twistless towel cloth |
US6051034A (en) | 1998-09-30 | 2000-04-18 | Springs Industries, Inc. | Methods for reducing pilling of towels |
CN1336454A (en) | 2001-06-15 | 2002-02-20 | 山东莱州鲁丽丝毛巾有限公司 | Yarn-dyed twist-free towel and its production process |
CN1472379A (en) | 2002-08-01 | 2004-02-04 | 山东高唐棉纺织厂 | Fingering cotton textile roving and textile method thereof |
WO2004037027A1 (en) * | 2002-10-21 | 2004-05-06 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Multilayered, breathable textile fabric |
US20040131821A1 (en) * | 2003-01-06 | 2004-07-08 | Rajesh Mandawewala | Lint-free towels |
JP2005042281A (en) | 2003-07-24 | 2005-02-17 | Ichihiro Co Ltd | Non-twisted yarn like twisted yarn and method for producing the same |
US20050204719A1 (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2005-09-22 | Nisshinbo Industries, Inc. | Composite yarn and textile fabric |
US20070104948A1 (en) * | 2003-12-11 | 2007-05-10 | Kohei Kiriyama | Polybenzazole fiber and article comprising the same |
US20070087162A1 (en) | 2005-10-17 | 2007-04-19 | Mandawewala Rajesh R | Hygro materials for use in making yarns and fabrics |
Non-Patent Citations (6)
Title |
---|
"Defendant Trident Limited's Opening Claim Construction Brief", filed Sep. 24, 2012, Case 1:11-cv-09349-PAE; Document #24, pp. 1-35. |
"Defendant Trident Limited's Opposition to Plaintiff Loftex USA LLC's Opening Claim Construction Brief", filed Oct. 22, 2012, Case 1:11-cv-09349-PAE; Document #28, pp. 1-21. |
"Developing a Twistless Towel" publication date: Jun. 30, 1984. * |
"Opinion and Order", filed May 15, 2013, Case 1:11-cv-09349-PAE; Document #43, pp. 1-21. |
"Plaintiff Loftex USA LLC's Opening Claim Construction Brief", filed Sep. 24, 2012, Case 1:11-cv-09349-PAE; Document #26, pp. 1-25. |
"Plaintiff Loftex USA LLC's Opposition to Defendant Trident Limited's Opening Claim Construction Brief", filed Oct. 22, 2012, Case 1:11-cv-09349-PAE; Document #29, pp. 1-16. |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20220064827A1 (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2022-03-03 | Loftex Usa Llc | Composite Low-twist Yarn Towel and Production Method Thereof |
US11732388B2 (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2023-08-22 | Loftex Home, Llc | Composite low-twist yarn towel and production method thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN101126190A (en) | 2008-02-20 |
US7810308B2 (en) | 2010-10-12 |
US20090078330A1 (en) | 2009-03-26 |
USRE45243E1 (en) | 2014-11-18 |
CN101126190B (en) | 2011-02-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
USRE45875E1 (en) | Method of producing a low twist towel | |
CN101117748B (en) | High-count flax ramie fibre mixed fabrics and production technique | |
US11286590B2 (en) | Method for producing durable fluffy and soft loop fabric having embedded weft floats | |
CN104005192B (en) | A kind of processing method of super soft woven towel | |
CN107385877A (en) | A kind of linen-cotton knits the production technology of braid | |
CN101736486A (en) | Bamboo fiber jean and production method thereof | |
CN100422414C (en) | Polyurethane fibre/real silk crepe knit fabric and preparation process thereof | |
WO2014017192A1 (en) | Textured spun yarn and woven or knitted fabric using same | |
CN102021710B (en) | Method for producing cupro textile product | |
CN1970863B (en) | Natural fabric for bed having less nappy property and enforced tensile strength | |
JP7365072B2 (en) | Opal fabric manufacturing method | |
CN111593459B (en) | Production method of flame-retardant tear-resistant fabric | |
JP5778400B2 (en) | Water-absorbing quick-drying fabric | |
CN112680856B (en) | Preparation method of corn bio-based fiber double-sided double-layer elastic multifunctional woven fabric | |
KR100508796B1 (en) | The making method of two-tone towel for piece dyeing type | |
CN112160165A (en) | Hemp blended soft yarn towel and production method thereof | |
WO2013071034A1 (en) | A stretchable, light weight, woven polytrimethylene terephthalate based fabric | |
CN115323550B (en) | Composite yarn and application thereof in preparation of moisture-absorbing breathable anti-wrinkle fabric | |
CN107557953A (en) | The production method of the big jacquard weave bed necessaries fabric of zein fiber colour-spun yarns | |
CN108060496A (en) | Anti- plumage fabric plus material producing method and anti-plumage face material | |
CN111549433B (en) | One-way moisture-conducting wiping fabric based on PVA superfine sea-island fiber and production method | |
JP7383427B2 (en) | Partially etched fabric | |
GB2340139A (en) | Furnishing fabrics | |
CN117888259A (en) | Pseudo-classic jean fabric and manufacturing method thereof | |
CN111778610A (en) | Multi-fiber blended fabric |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
FEPP | Fee payment procedure |
Free format text: MAINTENANCE FEE REMINDER MAILED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: REM.) |
|
FEPP | Fee payment procedure |
Free format text: 7.5 YR SURCHARGE - LATE PMT W/IN 6 MO, LARGE ENTITY (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: M1555); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY |
|
MAFP | Maintenance fee payment |
Free format text: PAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEE, 8TH YEAR, LARGE ENTITY (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: M1552); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
FEPP | Fee payment procedure |
Free format text: 11.5 YR SURCHARGE- LATE PMT W/IN 6 MO, LARGE ENTITY (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: M1556); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY |
|
MAFP | Maintenance fee payment |
Free format text: PAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEE, 12TH YEAR, LARGE ENTITY (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: M1553); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY Year of fee payment: 12 |