USPP5736P - Chrysanthemum plant named Citron - Google Patents
Chrysanthemum plant named Citron Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USPP5736P USPP5736P US06/636,853 US63685384V US5736P US PP5736 P USPP5736 P US PP5736P US 63685384 V US63685384 V US 63685384V US 5736 P US5736 P US 5736P
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- citron
- capitulum
- flowering
- development
- color
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 240000004307 Citrus medica Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 240000005250 Chrysanthemum indicum Species 0.000 title 1
- 241000131317 Capitulum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 241000723353 Chrysanthemum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000005633 Chrysanthemum balsamita Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000009604 Chrysanthemum X morifolium Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000189548 Chrysanthemum x morifolium Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 11
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000004579 marble Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000007516 Chrysanthemum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241001573881 Corolla Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000218922 Magnoliophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001466077 Salina Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000011681 asexual reproduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013465 asexual reproduction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101100126955 Arabidopsis thaliana KCS2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 240000001140 Mimosa pudica Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Definitions
- the present invention comprises a new and distinct cultivar of Chrysanthemum morifolium, Ramat., named Citron.
- Citron is a product of a planned breeding program which had the objective of creating new chrysanthemum cultivars having low temperature tolerance for cut spray mum programs with daisy capitulum type, bronze ray floret color, eight to nine week flowering response, and the ability to produce commercially acceptable quality in year round programs. Such traits in combination were not present or needed improvement in previously available commercial cultivars.
- Citron identified as 80520004, was originated from a cross made by William E. Duffett in a controlled environment in Salinas, Calif., in 1979.
- the female parent was Flash, identified as 77179040, a bronze daisy disclosed by U.S. Plant Pat. No. 5,202.
- the male parent of Citron was identified as 77358001, an unnamed bronze daisy seedling.
- Citron was discovered and selected as one flowering plant within the progeny of the stated cross by William E. Duffett on Nov. 6, 1981 in a controlled environment in Bogota, Colombia.
- Citron The first act of asexual reproduction of Citron was accomplished when vegetative cuttings were taken from the initial selection in January 1982 in a controlled environment in Bogota, Colombia by a technician working under formulations established and supervised by William E. Duffett through Fernando Jaramillo.
- Citron asexual reproduction
- Citron has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions.
- the phenotype may vary significantly with variations in environment such as temperature, light intensity, and day length.
- the following observations, measurements and comparisons describe plants grown in Bogota, Columbia under greenhouse conditions which approximate those generally used there in commercial practice.
- Sheet 1 is a color photograph of Citron grown as a single stem cut spray.
- Sheet 2 is a black and white photograph of three views of the inflorescence of Citron.
- Sheet 3 is a black and white photograph showing the upper surface and under surface of leaves of Citron at three stages of development (mature, intermediate and immature).
- Citron develops a deeper color with a slower rate of oxidation to the yellow orange hue, has smaller capitulum diameter, taller plant height, and longer duration of leaves and flowers.
- Citron and Bronze Marble have similar capitulum type, form, response, low temperature tolerance, and peduncle length in the spray.
- Color (general tonality from a distance of three meters).--Light orange.
- Gynoecium --Present both ray and disc florets.
- Height.--Tall 104 to 110 cm. as a single stem flowering plant from a rooted cutting, with seven long days for year around flowering with a minimum nightly 12 hour continuous dark period.
Landscapes
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
A chrysanthemum plant named Citron characterized as to uniqueness by the combined characteristics of flat capitulum form, daisy capitulum type, light orange ray floret color, diameter across face of capitulum ranging from 5 to 7 cm. at maturity, uniform nine week flowering response; tall plant height when grown single stem, 17 to 23 cm. peduncles on open, normally terminal sprays, rapid development of green discs devoid of pollen, 13° C. minimum temperature tolerance for initiation and development of flowering buds, and a long duration of both leaves and flowers.
Description
The present invention comprises a new and distinct cultivar of Chrysanthemum morifolium, Ramat., named Citron.
Citron is a product of a planned breeding program which had the objective of creating new chrysanthemum cultivars having low temperature tolerance for cut spray mum programs with daisy capitulum type, bronze ray floret color, eight to nine week flowering response, and the ability to produce commercially acceptable quality in year round programs. Such traits in combination were not present or needed improvement in previously available commercial cultivars.
Citron, identified as 80520004, was originated from a cross made by William E. Duffett in a controlled environment in Salinas, Calif., in 1979. The female parent was Flash, identified as 77179040, a bronze daisy disclosed by U.S. Plant Pat. No. 5,202. The male parent of Citron was identified as 77358001, an unnamed bronze daisy seedling.
Citron was discovered and selected as one flowering plant within the progeny of the stated cross by William E. Duffett on Nov. 6, 1981 in a controlled environment in Bogota, Colombia.
The first act of asexual reproduction of Citron was accomplished when vegetative cuttings were taken from the initial selection in January 1982 in a controlled environment in Bogota, Colombia by a technician working under formulations established and supervised by William E. Duffett through Fernando Jaramillo.
Horticultural examination of selected units initiated December 1982 has demonstrated that the combination of characteristics as herein disclosed for Citron are firmly fixed and are retained through successive generations of asexual reproduction.
Citron has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions. The phenotype may vary significantly with variations in environment such as temperature, light intensity, and day length. The following observations, measurements and comparisons describe plants grown in Bogota, Columbia under greenhouse conditions which approximate those generally used there in commercial practice.
The following traits have been repeatedly observed and are determined to be basic characteristics of Citron which in combination distinguish this chrysanthemum as a new and distinct cultivar:
1. Flat capitulum form.
2. Daisy capitulum type.
3. Light bronze ray floret color.
4. Diameter across face of capitulum ranging from 5 to 7 cm. at maturity.
5. Uniform nine week photoperiodic flowering response to short days.
6. Long peduncle length, ranging from 17 to 23 cm.
7. Tall plant height, requiring one long day week prior to short days to attain a flowered plant height of 104 to 110 cm. for year around flowerings.
8. Low temperature tolerance of 13° C. for initiation and development when grown in single stem cut spray programs with a continuous dark period of 12 hours.
9. High leaf and flower durability.
The accompanying photographic drawings show typical inflorescence and leaf characteristics of Citron, with the colors being as nearly true as possible with illustrations of this type. Sheet 1 is a color photograph of Citron grown as a single stem cut spray. Sheet 2 is a black and white photograph of three views of the inflorescence of Citron. Sheet 3 is a black and white photograph showing the upper surface and under surface of leaves of Citron at three stages of development (mature, intermediate and immature).
Of the many commercial cultivars known to the present inventor, the most similar in comparison to Citron is Bronze Marble, unpatented and commercially available.
Reference is made to attached Chart A which compares certain characteristics of Citron to those same characteristics of Bronze Marble. Citron develops a deeper color with a slower rate of oxidation to the yellow orange hue, has smaller capitulum diameter, taller plant height, and longer duration of leaves and flowers. Citron and Bronze Marble have similar capitulum type, form, response, low temperature tolerance, and peduncle length in the spray.
In the following description, color references are made to The Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart. The color values were determined between 11:45 A.M. and 11:55 A.M. on Dec. 27, 1983 under 380 foot-candle light intensity at Salinas, Calif.
Classification:
Botanical.--Chrysanthemum morifolium, Ramat., cv CITRON.
Commercial.--Daisy cut spray mum.
A. Capitulum:
Form.--Flat.
Type.--Daisy.
Diameter across face.--5 to 7 cm.
B. Corolla of ray florets:
Color (general tonality from a distance of three meters).--Light orange.
Color (upper surface).--22A.
Color (under surface).--21B, 21C.
Shape.--Oblong.
C. Corolla of disc florets:
Color (mature).--154C.
Color (immature).--145A.
D. Reproductive organs:
Androecium.--Present disc florets only; no pollen.
Gynoecium.--Present both ray and disc florets.
A. General appearance:
Height.--Tall; 104 to 110 cm. as a single stem flowering plant from a rooted cutting, with seven long days for year around flowering with a minimum nightly 12 hour continuous dark period.
B. Foliage:
Color (upper surface).--147A
Color (under surface).--147B.
Shape.--Deeply lobed and coarsely serrated.
C. Stem:
Color.--176A-B.
CHART A
______________________________________
COMPARISON OF CITRON AND BRONZE MARBLE
______________________________________
RAY CAPITULUM
FLORET FORM SPRAY
CULTIVAR COLOR AND TYPE FORMATION
______________________________________
CITRON LIGHT FLAT 17 to 23 cm.
ORANGE DAISY PEDUNCLES
BRONZE LIGHT FLAT 15 to 24 cm.
MARBLE YELLOW DAISY PEDUNCLES
ORANGE
______________________________________
DIAMETER
ACROSS FLOWERING
FACE OF PLANT RESPONSE
CULTIVAR CAPITULUM HEIGHT PERIOD
______________________________________
CITRON 5 to 7 cm. TALL 9 WEEKS
104 to
110 cm.
BRONZE 7 to 8 cm. MEDIUM 9 WEEKS
MARBLE 70 to
80 cm.
______________________________________
LOW
CULTIVAR TEMPERATURE DURABILITY
______________________________________
CITRON LOW LEAF - HIGH
TO 13° C.
(7-14 DAYS)
FLOWER - HIGH
(2-3 WEEKS)
BRONZE LOW LEAF - LOW
MARBLE TO 13° C.
(3-4 DAYS)
FLOWER - HIGH
(1-2 WEEKS)
______________________________________
COMPARISONS MADE OF PLANTS GROWN AS
SINGLE STEM CUT SPRAY MUMS
WITH 7 LONG DAYS IN BOGOTA, COLOMBIA
______________________________________
Claims (1)
1. A new and distinct plant of Chrysanthemum morifolium, Ramat., named Citron, as described and illustrated, and particularly characterized as to uniqueness by the combined characteristics of flat capitulum form; daisy capitulum type; light orange ray floret color; diameter across face of capitulum ranging from 5 to 7 cm. at maturity; uniform nine week flowering response; tall plant height when grown single stem; 17 to 23 cm. peduncles on open, normally terminal sprays; rapid development of green discs devoid of pollen; 13° C. minimum temperature tolerance for initiation and development of flowering buds, and a long duration of both leaves and flowers.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/636,853 USPP5736P (en) | 1984-08-01 | 1984-08-01 | Chrysanthemum plant named Citron |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/636,853 USPP5736P (en) | 1984-08-01 | 1984-08-01 | Chrysanthemum plant named Citron |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| USPP5736P true USPP5736P (en) | 1986-05-06 |
Family
ID=24553610
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/636,853 Expired - Lifetime USPP5736P (en) | 1984-08-01 | 1984-08-01 | Chrysanthemum plant named Citron |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | USPP5736P (en) |
-
1984
- 1984-08-01 US US06/636,853 patent/USPP5736P/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: YODER BROTHERS, INC. P.O. BOX BARBERTON OHIO 44203 Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:DUFFETT, WILLIAM E.;REEL/FRAME:004301/0097 Effective date: 19840724 |