US9321145B2 - Device for fine machining of optically effective surfaces on in particular spectacle lenses and flexible production cell comprising such a device - Google Patents

Device for fine machining of optically effective surfaces on in particular spectacle lenses and flexible production cell comprising such a device Download PDF

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US9321145B2
US9321145B2 US14/384,011 US201314384011A US9321145B2 US 9321145 B2 US9321145 B2 US 9321145B2 US 201314384011 A US201314384011 A US 201314384011A US 9321145 B2 US9321145 B2 US 9321145B2
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Prior art keywords
pivot
drive unit
workpiece
axis
feed device
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US14/384,011
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US20150038061A1 (en
Inventor
Steffen Wallendorf
Holger Schäfer
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Satisloh AG
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Satisloh AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B47/00—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor
    • B24B47/22—Equipment for exact control of the position of the grinding tool or work at the start of the grinding operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B13/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B13/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor
    • B24B13/0031—Machines having several working posts; Feeding and manipulating devices
    • B24B13/0037—Machines having several working posts; Feeding and manipulating devices the lenses being worked by different tools, e.g. for rough-grinding, fine-grinding, polishing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B27/00—Other grinding machines or devices
    • B24B27/0084—Other grinding machines or devices the grinding wheel support being angularly adjustable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
    • B24B41/005—Feeding or manipulating devices specially adapted to grinding machines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to a device for the finish-processing of optically effective surfaces.
  • the invention relates to a device for finish-processing of the optically effective surfaces of spectacle lenses such as used in so-called “RX workshops”, i.e. production facilities for producing individual spectacle lenses according to the prescription on a large scale.
  • the invention relates to a flexible production cell for the processing of spectacle lenses.
  • the processing of the optically effective surfaces of spectacle lenses by machining can be roughly divided into two processing phases, namely initially preliminary-processing of the optically effective surface for producing the macro-geometry according to prescription and then processing of the optically effective surface to a finished state in order to eliminate preliminary-processing tracks and to obtain the desired micro-geometry.
  • the optically effective surface of spectacle lenses are for the finish-processing usually subjected to a fine-grinding, lapping and/or polishing process, via a correspondingly appropriate processing device.
  • two parallel arranged workpiece spindles which are respectively rotationally driven about an axis of rotation, but otherwise are stationary, project from below into a working space, where two polishing tools are opposite thereto, so that one polishing tool is associated with one workpiece spindle and the other polishing tool is associated with the other workpiece spindle.
  • Each polishing tool is mounted for free rotation by way of a spherical bearing on a piston rod, which projects from above into the working space, of a respectively associated piston-cylinder arrangement, which is disposed above the working space and by which the respective polishing tool can be individually lowered or raised with respect to the associated workpiece spindle.
  • the two piston-cylinder arrangements are, moreover, movable in common forwardly and rearwardly with respect to a front side of the polishing machine in a direction perpendicular to the axes of rotation of the workpiece spindles by a linear drive and, in addition, are tiltable in common by a pivot drive about a pivot axis, which similarly extends perpendicular to the axes of rotation of the workpiece spindles, but parallel to the front side of the polishing machine.
  • the angular position between the axes of rotation of the tools and workpieces can be preset by the pivot drive before the tools are lowered by the piston-cylinder arrangements onto the workpieces.
  • the workpieces are rotationally driven, in which case the tools disposed in processing engagement with the workpieces are rotationally entrained by friction, while the linear drive ensures that the tools are alternately moved back and forth with respect to the front side of the polishing machine (oscillatory movement), wherein the tools, running on a relatively small path, travel back and forth over the workpieces (so-called “tangential kinematics”).
  • the linear drive serves the purpose of moving tools and workpieces apart to such an extent that a change is possible.
  • polishing machine Although the previously known polishing machine also has a very narrow construction, in depth direction it requires, due to the lengthy horizontal travel paths of the piston-cylinder arrangements perpendicular to the axes of rotation of the workpiece spindles, a relatively large footprint area, which, for instance, conflicts with use in a flexible production cell for spectacle lens processing for smaller RX workshops. In addition, the accessibility of this polishing machine, particularly for exchange of the workpieces and tools and for cleaning the working space, is not optimal.
  • a device for finish-processing optically effective surfaces of, in particular, spectacle lenses as workpieces includes at least one workpiece spindle, which projects into working space and by way of which a workpiece to be processed is drivable to rotate about a workpiece axis of rotation. At least one feed device for a tool, by which the tool is movable towards the workpiece and away therefrom, and an oscillatory drive unit are provided, by which the feed device is reciprocatingly movable in a direction of oscillation extending transversely to the workpiece axis of rotation when processing takes place.
  • a pivot drive unit pivots the feed device about a pivot adjusting axis extending substantially perpendicularly to the workpiece axis of rotation and substantially normal to the direction of oscillation.
  • a pivot mechanism pivots the feed device, the oscillatory drive unit and the pivot drive unit relative to the workpiece spindle from a closed relative position to an open relative position with opening of the working space and conversely.
  • a principal part of the device which includes the feed device, the oscillatory drive unit and the pivot drive unit and which is at the tool side, is pivotably movable with respect to a principal part of the device, which includes the workpiece spindle and is at the workpiece side.
  • the principal part of the device at the workpiece side is pivotable with respect to the principal part of the device at the tool side towards and away from one another and conversely or, in a further alternative, the two principal parts of the device are pivotable towards and away from one another and conversely.
  • the device according to one aspect of the invention is of significantly more compact construction and needs less footprint area.
  • Workpiece change and tool change are, just like maintenance and cleaning operations at the device, also simplified by comparison with the prior art described in the introduction, since as a consequence of the pivoting motion in accordance with the invention under opening of the working space a significantly larger opening cross-section is freed, via which an operative and/or optionally automated grippers, cleaning tools or the like can enter or gain access into the device without problems.
  • the pivoting motion in accordance to the invention can advantageously be such that in that regard there is a degree of ‘turning towards’ of the respective pivoted principal part of the device with respect to the freed opening cross-section so that the tools or workpieces can be gripped not only from the sides, but also from the front and thus more securely.
  • the device according to the invention not only has a relatively small requirement for space, but additionally also good accessibility to the working space and therefore ergonomically a highly appropriate design, which overall makes it particularly suitable for use in a flexible production cell.
  • the kinematic design of the device can in principle be as for the prior art category, in particular with an oscillatory drive unit which during processing is capable of reciprocatingly moving the feed device in an axial direction substantially perpendicularly to the workpiece axis of rotation and, specifically, back and forth with respect to the operator position or the front side of the device.
  • the oscillatory movement can equally also be carried out longitudinally of or substantially parallel to the front side of the device and/or be realized by a pivot movement instead of an axial movement.
  • the use of the pivot mechanism according to the invention is independent thereof.
  • pivot mechanism has a common pivot axis for the feed device, the oscillatory drive unit and the pivot drive unit, about which the feed device, the oscillatory drive unit and the pivot drive unit are pivotable away in common with respect to the workpiece spindle and conversely.
  • the pivot axis lies behind the working space as seen from an operator position.
  • the present construction has the advantage that symmetrical two-handed unobstructed working is possible so that the device can be used equally well by righthanded and lefthanded persons.
  • pivot axis of the pivot mechanism extends substantially parallel to the pivot adjusting axis of the pivot drive unit.
  • the pivot mechanism can comprise a pivot frame with a grip section via which the feed device, the oscillatory drive unit and the pivot drive unit can be manually pivoted away with respect to the workpiece spindle and conversely.
  • the pivot frame can additionally carry a hood for opening or closing the device. By comparison with an equally conceivable hood independent of the pivot mechanism this additionally simplifies operation of the device.
  • the pivot mechanism can comprise at least one spring element which facilitates pivoting motion away of the feed device, the oscillatory drive unit and the pivot drive unit with respect to the workpiece spindle.
  • the at least one spring element (for example, one or more gas compressions springs) can in that case be so designed that, for example, it substantially holds up the weight of the parts to be pivoted away, which ensures a high level of operating convenience and adequate working precautions.
  • a positioning and closing mechanism can be provided which during the processing holds the feed device, the oscillatory drive unit and the pivot drive unit in the closed position thereof and ensures a substantially perpendicular orientation of the linearly extending oscillation direction with respect to the workpiece axis of rotation.
  • the positioning and closing mechanism can thus counteract processing forces arising during the processing, for example as a consequence of exertion of polishing pressure by the feed device and at the same time guarantee the desired relative position of the moved parts with respect to one another, which is particularly important in the case of the polishing process mentioned in the introduction with tangential kinematics with respect to securing reproducible polishing results.
  • the positioning and closing mechanism can advantageously include a pressure-medium cylinder, for example a pneumatic cylinder, for holding the feed device, the oscillatory drive unit and the pivot drive unit in the closed position thereof, although mechanically positive locking of the pivot mechanism could also be used.
  • the positioning and closing mechanism has at least one adjustable abutment, which optionally includes a shock absorber and by which the orientation of the direction of oscillation is adjustable with respect to the workpiece axis of rotation.
  • an adjustable abutment has, in particular, the advantage that production tolerances can be more readily taken into account because simple compensation can be made.
  • the optionally present shock absorber it is possible to avoid damage to the device in the case of excessively firm closing of the working space.
  • the device additionally has a base body which bounds the working space and supports the workpiece spindle and to which are fastened two mounts carrying the pivot axis of the pivot mechanism, wherein the oscillatory drive unit comprises a guide block pivotably mounted on the pivot axis between the mounts.
  • the oscillatory drive unit comprises a guide block pivotably mounted on the pivot axis between the mounts.
  • a component of the oscillatory drive unit is thus also used for the pivot mechanism.
  • the oscillatory drive unit can include two guide rods, which are longitudinally displaceably supported in the guide block, a guide head and a guide plate, wherein the guide rods are connected together on one side of the guide block by way of the guide head, whereas on the other side of the guide block they are connected together by way of the guide plate, and wherein the guide head is displaceable relative to the guide block by a threaded drive.
  • the oscillatory drive unit can advantageously be constructed with a linear rod guide, the slide of which as guide block is pivotably “fixed” to the pivot axis of the pivot mechanism, with a high level of functional integration in the guide block.
  • the pivot drive unit has a pivot yoke which carries the feed device and is pivotably supported on the guide head of the oscillatory drive unit.
  • a stroke module by which the pivot yoke is pivotable about the pivot adjusting axis is arranged between the guide plate of the oscillatory drive unit and the pivot yoke.
  • a flexible production cell for the preliminary-processing and finish-processing of spectacle lenses accordingly has: (1) a device for the preliminary-processing of the optically effective surfaces of the spectacle lenses by milling, turning and/or grinding, which has regulated or controlled drive axes for workpiece and/or tool, with respectively associated drive modules, and (2) a device for the finish-processing of the optically effective surfaces of the spectacle lenses by polishing.
  • the above described device has regulated or controlled drive axes for workpiece and/or tool, with respectively associated drive module, and is coupled at least electrically and optionally also mechanically as a module to the device for the preliminary-processing, with the further feature that only the device for the preliminary processing has equipment for man/machine communication and a CNC control, which controls the drive modules of both devices.
  • the electrical connection between the CNC control and the drive modules can in that case be effected by individual wiring or by way of a bus system.
  • the device for the finish-processing without equipment for man/machine communication and an individual CNC control can thus be constructed very economically and, particularly in smaller RX workshops, can be added—in a given case also subsequently—without great outlay as a module to the device for the preliminary-processing.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view obliquely from above and front right of a flexible production cell for processing spectacle lenses, comprising—on the left—a device for preliminary-processing of spectacle lenses (also called generator) and—on the right—a device according to the invention docked therewith for consecutive finish-processing of the spectacle lenses (polishing machine), wherein to expose a view into the working space of the respective machine a pivot door of the generator and a hood of the polishing machine are pivoted up;
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective view, which is enlarged in scale by comparison with FIG. 1 , of the polishing machine according to FIG. 1 obliquely from above and the front right, which shows significant components or subassemblies of the machine, wherein for simplification of the illustration, in particular, the hood and further parts of the cover, the supply devices (including lines, hoses and pipes) for electrical power, compressed air and polishing medium, the polishing-medium return as well as measuring, maintenance and safety devices have been omitted;
  • the supply devices including lines, hoses and pipes
  • FIG. 3 shows a perspective view, which substantially corresponds with FIG. 2 in scale and viewing angle as well as with respect to simplifications of the illustration, of the polishing machine according to FIG. 1 , in which an upper part of the machine is disposed in a position pivoted away from a lower part of the machine;
  • FIG. 4 shows a perspective view, which is broken away at the machine housing, of the polishing machine according to FIG. 1 obliquely from above and the front left in a scale enlarged by comparison with FIGS. 2 and 3 , wherein a tool cylinder on the left in FIGS. 2 and 3 and an associated flexible working space cover have been omitted, in particular so as to expose a view onto the pivot axis, which is disposed therebehind, for the upper part of the machine;
  • FIG. 5 shows a perspective view, which substantially corresponds with FIG. 4 in scale and viewing angle as well as with respect to simplifications of the illustration, of the polishing machine according to FIG. 1 , in which the upper part of the machine is disposed in a position pivoted away from the lower part of the machine;
  • FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of the polishing machine according to FIG. 1 in the scale of FIGS. 4 and 5 obliquely from above and rear right, wherein by comparison with the illustration in FIGS. 2 and 3 the machine housing has been omitted;
  • FIG. 7 shows a perspective view, which substantially corresponds with FIG. 6 in scale and viewing angle as well as with respect to simplifications of the illustration, of the polishing machine according to FIG. 1 , in which the upper part of the machine is disposed in a position pivoted away from the lower part of the machine;
  • FIG. 8 shows a perspective view of the polishing machine according to FIG. 1 in the scale of FIGS. 6 and 7 obliquely from above and rear left, wherein by comparison with the illustration in FIGS. 6 and 7 all drive mechanisms and associated parts for workpieces and tools have been omitted (as far as a guide block of the oscillatory drive unit) so that the pivot mechanism for the upper part of the machine can be better seen;
  • FIG. 9 shows a perspective view, which substantially corresponds with FIG. 8 in scale and viewing angle as well as with respect to simplifications of the illustration, of the polishing machine according to FIG. 1 , in which the upper part of the machine is disposed in a position pivoted away from the lower part of the machine;
  • FIG. 10 shows a partly broken-away front view of the polishing machine according to FIG. 1 in the scale of FIGS. 6 and 7 and with the illustration simplifications thereof;
  • FIG. 11 shows a partly broken-away front view of the polishing machine according to FIG. 1 similarly to FIG. 10 , in which the upper part of the machine is disposed in a position pivoted away from the lower part of the machine;
  • FIG. 12 shows a sectional view of the polishing machine according to FIG. 1 in correspondence with the section line XII-XII in FIG. 10 , but tipped through 5° in the drawing plane so as to provide a frontal view of the drive mechanism (belt drive) for the workpieces;
  • FIG. 13 shows a side view of the polishing machine according to FIG. 1 from the left in FIG. 10 , wherein—similarly to FIGS. 8 and 9 and by comparison with the illustration in FIGS. 6 and 7 —of the drive mechanism and associated parts for workpieces and tools in the upper part of the machine merely a pivot yoke of the pivot drive unit and the guide block of the oscillatory drive unit with guide head, guide rod and guide plate are shown;
  • FIG. 14 shows a sectional view of the polishing machine according to FIG. 1 in correspondence with the section line XIV-XIV in FIG. 13 , i.e. with a sectional plane through the pivot axis for the upper part of the machine;
  • FIG. 15 shows a simplified block diagram of the CNC architecture of the flexible production cell according to FIG. 1 .
  • a flexible production cell for the preliminary-processing and finish-processing of spectacle lenses L in RX workshops is denoted generally by 10 in FIG. 1 .
  • the flexible production cell 10 has a device for preliminary-processing optically effective surfaces cc, cx (cf. FIGS. 10 and 11 ) of the spectacle lenses L, also called generator 12 , as well as a device for processing the optically effective surfaces cc, cx of the spectacle lenses L to a finished state in the form of a polishing machine 14 , which is mechanically and electrically docked as a module to the generator 12 , as later described in more detail.
  • the polishing machine 14 which in the illustrated embodiment is realized in “twin” mode of construction so that two spectacle lenses L can be polished simultaneously.
  • this can be constructed as a pure fast-tool turning machine or a combined milling/turning machine as known in principle from, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,278,192 B2 and 7,597,033 B2, which are hereby incorporated by reference. In these machines, optionally after preliminary-processing of the spectacle lenses L by milling as described in, for example, U.S. Pat. No.
  • a lathe tool 16 is moved by a fast-tool servo either with linear reciprocation (oscillation axis F D ) or highly dynamically in rotation in order to generate at the lathe tool 16 a feed movement for the processing of spectacle lens surfaces which are not rotationally symmetrical, whilst the spectacle lens L is rotationally driven with generation of a cutting force (tool axis B D of rotation) and at the same time a relative movement between lathe tool 16 and spectacle lens L transversely to the oscillation axis F D takes place (linear axis X D ) in order to produce an advance from the spectacle lens edge to the spectacle lens center or conversely.
  • a fast-tool servo either with linear reciprocation (oscillation axis F D ) or highly dynamically in rotation in order to generate at the lathe tool 16 a feed movement for the processing of spectacle lens surfaces which are not rotationally symmetrical
  • the spectacle lens L is rotationally driven with generation of a cutting force (tool axis B D of rotation) and
  • the polishing machine 14 has in general (i) two workpiece spindles 20 , which project from below into a working space 18 and by way of which the spectacle lenses L to be processed can be driven to rotate about workpiece axes C 1 , C 2 of rotation, (ii) two feed devices 22 each for a respective tool W, by which the respective tool W can be moved from above onto the associated spectacle lens L and away therefrom (linear movements Z 1 , Z 2 ), (iii) an oscillatory drive unit 24 , by which the feed devices 22 can be moved reciprocatingly in an oscillation direction (linear oscillation axis X), i.e.
  • the oscillation axis X during processing extends substantially transversely to the workpiece axes C 1 , C 2 of rotation, and (iv) a pivot drive unit 26 , by way of which the feed devices 22 can be pivoted about a pivot adjusting axis B extending substantially perpendicularly to the workpiece axes C 1 , C 2 of rotation and substantially normal to the oscillation axis X.
  • the polishing machine 14 additionally has a pivot mechanism 28 , by which the feed devices 22 , the oscillatory drive unit 24 and the pivot drive unit 26 can be pivoted relative to the workpiece spindles 20 from a closed relative position ( FIGS. 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 to 14 ), with opening of the working space 18 , away to an open relative position ( FIGS. 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 ) and conversely, namely in correspondence with the arrow S (pivot movement) in FIGS. 4 to 9, 13 and 14 ).
  • a pivot mechanism 28 by which the feed devices 22 , the oscillatory drive unit 24 and the pivot drive unit 26 can be pivoted relative to the workpiece spindles 20 from a closed relative position ( FIGS. 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 to 14 ), with opening of the working space 18 , away to an open relative position ( FIGS. 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 ) and conversely, namely in correspondence with the arrow S (pivot movement) in FIGS. 4 to 9, 13 and 14 ).
  • the pivot movement S for the feed devices 22 , the oscillatory drive unit 24 and the pivot drive unit 26 takes place in common and, in particular, about a common pivot axis 30 (see, especially, FIG. 14 ) of the pivot mechanism 28 , which as seen from an operator position lies behind the working space 18 and extends substantially parallel to the pivot adjusting axis B.
  • the polishing machine 14 has a machine frame 32 , which is assembled as a welded construction from sheet metal and which at the same time forms a part of a machine housing in which, apart from the drive units and mechanisms visible here, also the supply devices, control components, etc., (not shown) are received.
  • the machine housing is completed upwardly and to the front by cover parts 34 as well as a hood 36 , which is made at least partly of “Plexiglas” (PMMA) and is transparent and can similarly be pivoted by the pivot mechanism 28 relative to the machine frame 32 .
  • PMMA Polymethyl methacrylate
  • a base body 38 Inserted into the machine housing is a base body 38 which is similarly joined together as a welded construction from sheet metal and which bounds the working space 18 in a downward direction in the figures and there supports the workpiece spindles 20 .
  • the base body 38 has laterally angled flange sections 40 which are placed on associated bearing surfaces 42 of the machine frame 32 and screw-connected therewith (not illustrated) so as to secure the base body 38 in the polishing machine 14 .
  • the machine housing of the polishing machine 14 is adapted with respect to its shape to the machine housing of the generator 12 so that the flexible production cell 10 overall has an external appearance “as if a single casting”. In that case, the machine frame 32 of the polishing machine 14 is mechanically screw-connected with the machine frame of the generator 12 (not illustrated).
  • FIGS. 8, 9, 13 and 14 Further details of the pivot mechanism 28 can be seen clearly in FIGS. 8, 9, 13 and 14 .
  • two mounts 46 are fastened from behind to a rear wall 44 of the base body 38 at the same vertical height, but with a horizontal spacing from one another.
  • Each mount 46 has a mount base 48 , by which the respective mount 46 is fixedly screw-connected with the base body 38 (not illustrated), and two mounting arms, which extend upwardly away from the mounting base 48 , in mirror-symmetrical arrangement from mount to mount, namely a shorter—referred to the intermediate space between the mounts 46 —“inner” mounting arm 50 and a longer “outer” mounting arm 52 .
  • mounts 46 in the first instance support the pivot axis 30 , as can be seen in FIGS. 13 and 14 . More precisely, in accordance with FIG. 14 two screws 54 are provided, each of which engages through a passage bore 56 , which is formed in the respective inner mounting arm 50 near the mount base 48 , and is screwed into an associated threaded bore 58 , which is formed at the front side, of the pivot axle 30 , in order to fix the pivot axle 30 between the mounts 46 .
  • a guide block 60 of the oscillatory drive unit is pivotably mounted on the pivot axle 30 between the mounts 46 by way of two bearing elements 62 , which are mounted in a stepped passage bore 64 , which passes through the pivot axle 30 , in the guide block 60 .
  • the pivot mechanism 28 in the illustrated embodiment has two spring elements, for example, gas compression springs 66 , which facilitate pivot movement of the upper principal part, which has the feed devices 22 , the oscillatory drive unit 24 and the pivot drive unit 26 and is at the tool side, of the polishing machine 14 with respect to the workpiece spindles 20 .
  • the gas compression springs 66 are each articulated at one end to the free end of the outer mounting arm 52 of the respectively associated mount 46 as can be best seen in FIGS. 8 to 10 and 14 .
  • the other end of the respective gas compression spring 66 is articulated to a respectively associated lower projection 68 of the guide block 60 of the oscillatory drive unit 24 .
  • the spring force of the gas compression springs 66 and the articulation points thereof determining the lever arm about the pivot axis 30 are in that case selected so that the torque produced by the weight of the pivoted components or subassemblies about the pivot axis 30 is largely counteracted.
  • a positioning and closing mechanism 70 which during processing keeps the upper principal part, which is at the tool side, with the feed devices 22 , the oscillatory drive unit 24 and the pivot drive unit 26 in the closed position and ensures a substantially vertical orientation of the oscillation axis X with respect to the workpiece axes C 1 , C 2 of rotation.
  • the positioning and closing mechanism 70 in the first instance includes a pressure-medium cylinder, more precisely a pneumatic cylinder 72 , for holding the components, which are pivotable about the pivot axis 30 , in the closed position thereof, the cylinder including a cylinder housing 74 and a piston rod 76 connected with a piston of the pneumatic cylinder 72 and extending out of the cylinder housing 74 .
  • the cylinder housing 74 of the pneumatic cylinder 72 is pivotably connected with the bracket 78 , which in turn is fastened on the mount base 48 of the mount 46 on the left in FIGS. 6 to 9 and, in particular, by way of screws (not illustrated here).
  • the piston rod 76 of the pneumatic cylinder 72 on the other hand is pivotably connected with the lower projection 68 , which is on the left in FIGS. 8 and 9 , of the guide block 60 . It is apparent from FIGS.
  • the positioning and closing mechanism 70 additionally includes two length-adjustable abutments 80 .
  • Each abutment 80 has a shock absorber 82 (in the simplest form, for example, a rubber buffer) and serves the purpose of adjusting the orientation of the oscillation axis X with respect to the workpiece axes C 1 , C 2 of rotation in the closed position, for which purpose they can have, for example, a thread which co-operates with a mating thread (not shown).
  • a shock absorber 82 in the simplest form, for example, a rubber buffer
  • the adjustable abutments 80 with the respective shock absorber 82 are mounted at the free ends of the inner mounting arms 50 of the mounts 46 and, in particular, in such a manner that each shock absorber 82 in the closed position can come into contact with an associated abutment surface 84 , which is formed at a further, lateral upper projection 86 of the guide block 60 .
  • the guide block 60 is formed by its lower projections 68 and its upper projections 86 to be in mirror symmetry with respect to a center axis.
  • the projections 68 , 86 can be formed integrally with the rest of the guide block 60 or fastened thereto in a suitable manner.
  • the pivot mechanism 28 additionally has a pivot frame 88 , which can be a multiply bent and upwardly angled sheet-metal part.
  • the pivot frame 88 is fastened from below to the guide block 60 of the oscillatory drive unit 24 in a mode and manner which is not shown.
  • a grip section 90 is mounted on the pivot frame 88 in a region at the front in FIGS. 2 to 5 , via which grip section 90 by virtue of the fixed connection of the pivot frame 88 with the guide block 60 the oscillatory drive unit 24 and the components and subassemblies carried by that, particularly the pivot drive unit 26 and feed devices 22 , can be manually pivoted away about the pivot axis 30 with respect to the workpiece spindles 20 and conversely.
  • the pivot frame 88 Apart from some covers and seals, of which there are illustrated in the figures in part a rubber skirt 92 as spray protection in the region of the pivot axis 30 and two bellows covers 94 with sheet-metal slider 96 and rubber sleeve 98 (see FIGS. 6, 7 and 11 ) for passage of the feed devices 22 with sealing relative to the working space 18 , the pivot frame 88 also carries the hood 36 , which is shown in FIG. 1 , for opening and closing the polishing machine 14 .
  • the guide block 60 has a central cut-out 100 , which is at the rear relative to the front side of the polishing machine 14 , for receiving and fastening a servomotor 102 at the guide block 60 .
  • a central, stepped passage bore 104 extends through the guide block 60 , through which bore a threaded spindle 106 , which is rotationally drivable by the servomotor 102 , of a ball screw is mounted to extend.
  • the guide block 60 additionally has on either side of the passage bore 104 a respective continuous bearing bore 108 , which runs parallel to the passage bore 104 and serves for receiving a spherical liner pair (not shown in more detail).
  • a spherical liner pair (not shown in more detail).
  • two guide rods 110 are mounted in the guide block 60 by way of the spherical liner pair to be longitudinally displaceable.
  • the guide rods 110 are connected together at the ends by way of a guide plate 112 , which has a central cut-out for passage of the servomotor 102 (cf. FIGS.
  • An entrainer 118 for the sheet-metal slider 96 of the bellows covers 94 is attached to the guide head 114 .
  • rotatably mounted on the guide head 114 is a pivot shaft 120 to which a pivot yoke 122 of the pivot drive unit 26 is fastened.
  • the pivot drive unit 26 further has a stroke module 124 which is described in more detail in U.S. Pat. No. 8,696,410 B2 which is incorporated herein by reference for the avoidance of repetition with respect to construction and functioning of the stroke module 124 .
  • the stroke module 124 is pivotably connected by one end thereof with the guide plate 112 of the oscillatory drive unit 24 , whereas it is pivotably connected by its other end with the pivot yoke 122 at a spacing from the pivot shaft 120 .
  • the pivot yoke 122 pivotably supported on the guide head 114 of the oscillatory drive unit 24 can be pivoted in a defined manner about the pivot shaft 120 (pivot adjusting axis B) by actuation of the stroke module 124 , in which the length thereof changes.
  • the pivot yoke 122 of the pivot drive unit 26 additionally carries the feed devices 22 . More precisely, the substantially U-shaped pivot yoke 122 according to, in particular, FIGS. 4, 5 and 13 has on both sides of its limbs receiving sections 126 at which the feed devices 22 are fastened so that the feed devices 22 can be pivoted in common about the pivot shaft 120 by the pivot yoke 122 (pivot adjusting axis B).
  • the feed devices 22 comprise double-acting pneumatic tool cylinders 128 —often also termed “Pinolen” (spindle sleeves)—which are known per se and to that extent do not need more detailed description.
  • the polishing tools W which are similarly known per se, are mounted to be free-running and pivotable at the free ends of the piston rods thereof.
  • the polishing tool W can thus be lifted off the spectacle lens L or lowered onto the spectacle lens L and pressed thereagainst (linear movements Z 1 , Z 2 ), in which case the polishing tool W is rotationally entrained by the spectacle lens L.
  • a different form of the feed devices—optionally also with a rotary drive for the polishing tool, as described in U.S. Pat. No. 8,696,410 B2 is equally conceivable and which is hereby incorporated by reference.
  • the workpiece spindles 20 are flange-mounted in the working space 18 from above on the base body 38 and each extend therethrough by a drive shaft 130 and an actuating mechanism for a collet chuck 132 , by way of which a spectacle lens L blocked on a block member (not shown in more detail) can be clamped to the respective workpiece spindle to be axially fixed and capable of rotational entrainment.
  • actuating mechanism there can be seen in the figures primarily pneumatic cylinders 134 which serve the purpose of opening and closing the collet chucks 132 in a manner known per se.
  • a rotary drive 136 in the illustrated embodiment a speed-regulated asynchronous three-phase motor—is flange-mounted by a motor flange 138 .
  • the workpiece spindles 20 projecting into the working space 18 are drivable in common by the rotary drive 136 via a belt drive 140 to rotate at predetermined rotational speed about the workpiece axes C 1 , C 2 of rotation.
  • the belt drive 140 has, according to FIGS.
  • a belt pulley or belt pinion 144 driven by the rotary drive 136
  • a belt 146 which in the illustrated embodiment is a cogged belt
  • a tensioning and return pulley 148 for the belt 146 .
  • the tensioning and return pulley 148 is seated between the workpiece spindles 20 and is mounted on the rotary drive 136 , more precisely the motor flange 138 , eccentrically with respect to the belt pulley 144 so that the belt 146 can be tensioned by a pivoting motion of the rotary drive 136 about its axis of rotation.
  • the rotary drive 136 itself is in that case screw-connected with the base body 38 with the assistance of screws (and optionally nuts; neither shown), which extend through curved slots (similarly not illustrated), which are formed in the motor flange 138 or in the base body 38 and which allow a pivoting motion of the rotary drive 136 for tensioning of the belt 146 prior to tightening the screw connection.
  • the afore described polishing machine 14 makes possible, for example, the following procedure, which shall be described only for one spectacle lens L, since the second spectacle lens L of the respective “RX job” is processed by polishing in analogous manner and at the same time.
  • the angle of incidence of the feed devices 32 and thus of the polishing tools W with respect to the workpiece axes C 1 , C 2 of rotation is set to a predetermined value in dependence on the geometry, which is to be processed, of the spectacle lens L (pivot adjusting axis B).
  • This angle of incidence is not changed during the actual polishing process in the case of the “tangential kinematics” already explained in the introduction (alternatively thereto the angle of incidence could, however, also be dynamically changed in the sense of “radial kinematics”).
  • the polishing tool W is then moved by the oscillatory drive unit 24 into a position in which it is opposite the spectacle lens L (oscillation axis X).
  • the polishing tool W is thereupon axially lowered by the feed device 22 in direction onto the spectacle lens L until it comes into contact therewith (linear movement Z 1 , Z 2 ).
  • the polishing-medium feed is now switched on and the spectacle lens L is set into rotation by the electric rotary drive 136 (C 1 , C 2 ), in which case it entrains the contacting polishing tool W.
  • the polishing tool W is then moved in oscillation with a relative small stroke over the spectacle lens L by the oscillatory drive unit 24 (oscillation axis X) so that the polishing tool W is guided over different surface regions of the spectacle lens L. In that case, the polishing tool W also moves slightly back and forth (linear movement Z 1 , Z 2 ) following the (non-circular) geometry of the polished spectacle lens L.
  • polishing tool W is lifted off the spectacle lens L (linear movement Z 1 , Z 2 ) by the feed device 22 after the polishing medium feed was switched off and the rotational movement of the spectacle lens stopped (workpiece axes C 1 , C 2 of rotation).
  • polishing tool W is moved by the oscillatory drive unit 24 into a rearward parked position (oscillation axis X), whereupon the upper part of the polishing machine 14 is pivoted up about the pivot axis 30 (pivot movement S) and the spectacle lens L can be easily removed from the polishing machine 14 .
  • the closing or holding function undertaken by the positioning and closing mechanism 70 can moreover be safeguarded by a safety limit switch (not shown) which ensures that the polishing process can be started only when the machine upper part is closed, i.e. pivoted down.
  • FIG. 15 a particularly economic control architecture of the flexible production cell 10 according to FIG. 1 is illustrated schematically in FIG. 15 .
  • the polishing machine 14 is connected by way of electrical connections 150 (for example, a bus system) as a module with the generator 12 .
  • the generator 12 has equipment for man/machine communication HMI and a CNC control, in the illustrated embodiment in the form of a PC-based control, which controls the drive modules (servo-amplifier/converter) not only of the generator 12 , but also of the polishing machine 14 .
  • the polishing machine 14 here does not have individual “intelligence”, but only the electrical components required for generating the actual travel commands for the regulated or controlled axes, i.e.
  • the positionally controlled oscillation axis X of the oscillatory drive unit 24 for the polishing tools W (in abbreviation: X axis)
  • the pivot adjusting axis B of the pivot drive unit 26 for the polishing tools W (in abbreviation: B axis)
  • the speed-regulated axes C 1 , C 2 of rotation of the workpiece spindles 20 holding the spectacle lenses L and driving them by way of the rotary drive 36 in abbreviation: C axis).
  • a polishing machine for, in particular, spectacle lenses includes at least one workpiece spindle, which projects into a working space, for a rotary drive of the spectacle lens about a workpiece axis of rotation, at least one feed device for lowering and raising a polishing tool with respect to the spectacle lens, an oscillatory drive unit for reciprocating movement of the feed device in an oscillation direction, which during the polishing process extends substantially transversely to the workpiece axis of rotation, and a pivot drive unit for pivoting the feed device about a pivot adjusting axis, which extends substantially perpendicularly to the workpiece axis of rotation and substantially normal to the oscillation direction.
  • a pivot mechanism is provided by which the feed device, the oscillatory drive unit and the pivot drive unit are movable relative to the workpiece spindle away from a closed relative position, under opening of the working space, to an open relative position and vice versa.
US14/384,011 2012-03-10 2013-01-29 Device for fine machining of optically effective surfaces on in particular spectacle lenses and flexible production cell comprising such a device Expired - Fee Related US9321145B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

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DE102012004547A DE102012004547A1 (de) 2012-03-10 2012-03-10 Vorrichtung zur Feinbearbeitung von optisch wirksamen Flächen an insbesondere Brillengläsern und flexible Fertigungszelle umfassend eine solche Vorrichtung
DE102012004547 2012-03-10
DE102012004547.6 2012-03-10
PCT/EP2013/000249 WO2013135331A1 (de) 2012-03-10 2013-01-29 Vorrichtung zur feinbearbeitung von optisch wirksamen flächen an insbesondere brillengläsern und flexible fertigungszelle umfassend eine solche vorrichtung

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US20150038061A1 US20150038061A1 (en) 2015-02-05
US9321145B2 true US9321145B2 (en) 2016-04-26

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CN (1) CN104169045B (zh)
BR (1) BR112014019939A8 (zh)
DE (1) DE102012004547A1 (zh)
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IN (1) IN2014DN07304A (zh)
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US11633827B2 (en) 2017-11-08 2023-04-25 Satisloh Ag Device for processing optical workpieces, particularly spectacle lenses

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DE102014113421B4 (de) * 2014-09-17 2016-07-28 Optotech Optikmaschinen Gmbh Simultan-Drehmaschine für die Brillenglasfertigung
DE102014015053A1 (de) * 2014-10-15 2016-04-21 Satisloh Ag Vorrichtung zur Feinbearbeitung von optisch wirksamen Flächen an insbesondere Brillengläsern
DE102015102899B4 (de) 2015-02-27 2018-02-01 Optotech Optikmaschinen Gmbh Fräsvorrichtung für die Brillenglasfertigung mit zwei Frässtationen
DE102015102900A1 (de) * 2015-02-27 2016-09-01 Optotech Optikmaschinen Gmbh Simultan-Drehmaschine für die Brillenglasfertigung
CN105364667B (zh) * 2015-11-19 2019-02-12 长春博信光电子有限公司 一种双曲面高速抛光机
US10307881B2 (en) * 2017-02-22 2019-06-04 National Optronics, Inc. Ophthalmic lens processing apparatus with improved user accessibility
EP3479956A1 (en) 2017-11-07 2019-05-08 Satisloh AG Method for manufacturing optical elements according to a prescription
EP3479954A1 (en) * 2017-11-07 2019-05-08 Satisloh AG Surfacing station for manufacturing optical elements and related manufacturing facility
CN109397008B (zh) * 2018-12-03 2023-11-07 厦门理工学院 一种新型镜片数控切割机及控制方法
CN111975624B (zh) * 2020-08-18 2021-11-26 安徽晟禾智能机械有限公司 一种研磨抛光机及其抛光工艺
CN113601321B (zh) * 2021-07-29 2022-12-13 浙江黄岩环日光学有限公司 一种镜片抛光机
CN114559364B (zh) * 2022-02-24 2023-07-04 苏州东辉光学有限公司 一种紧凑型c透镜球面研磨自动化设备

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US11633827B2 (en) 2017-11-08 2023-04-25 Satisloh Ag Device for processing optical workpieces, particularly spectacle lenses

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MX349334B (es) 2017-07-24
EP2822730A1 (de) 2015-01-14
BR112014019939A2 (zh) 2017-06-20
HK1203891A1 (zh) 2015-11-06
US20150038061A1 (en) 2015-02-05
EP2822730B1 (de) 2016-03-23
DE102012004547A1 (de) 2013-09-12
CN104169045B (zh) 2017-06-27
IN2014DN07304A (zh) 2015-04-24
CN104169045A (zh) 2014-11-26
MX2014009364A (es) 2014-11-21
DE102012004547A8 (de) 2013-11-14
BR112014019939A8 (pt) 2017-07-11
WO2013135331A1 (de) 2013-09-19

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