US9270329B2 - Methods for transmitting and receiving data in a digital telecommunications system - Google Patents

Methods for transmitting and receiving data in a digital telecommunications system Download PDF

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Publication number
US9270329B2
US9270329B2 US14/425,007 US201314425007A US9270329B2 US 9270329 B2 US9270329 B2 US 9270329B2 US 201314425007 A US201314425007 A US 201314425007A US 9270329 B2 US9270329 B2 US 9270329B2
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data
frequency
data stream
terminal
data packets
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US20150222325A1 (en
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Laurence Sellier
Christophe Fourtet
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Sigfox SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q9/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0453—Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
    • H04B1/713—Spread spectrum techniques using frequency hopping
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
    • H04B1/713—Spread spectrum techniques using frequency hopping
    • H04B1/7143—Arrangements for generation of hop patterns
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of transmission systems not covered by a single group of H04B3/00 - H04B13/00
    • H04B2201/69—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to spread spectrum techniques in general
    • H04B2201/713—Frequency hopping
    • H04B2201/71376—Threshold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks

Definitions

  • the present invention belongs to the field of digital telecommunications, and more particularly relates to a method for transmitting data from a terminal to a station of a digital telecommunications system, as well as a corresponding method for receiving data transmitted by said terminal.
  • Such narrowband telecommunications systems are for example implemented in sensor networks, wherein sensors repeatedly send data representing measurements of a physical quantity to a data collection station.
  • sensors repeatedly send data representing measurements of a physical quantity to a data collection station.
  • useful data are generally distinguished from control data.
  • Useful data correspond for example to measurements of a physical quantity
  • control data correspond to information allowing the interpretation of said useful data (identification code of the terminal having transmitted the useful data, transmission format used, quantity of useful data, etc.)
  • Another aim of the present invention is to propose a solution which makes it possible to multiplex a first data stream and a second data stream requiring a lower bit rate than that required by the first data stream, without said first and second data streams disturbing each other, and preferably without increasing the quantity of control data to be transmitted.
  • Another aim of the present invention is to propose a solution making it possible to transmit data from the second data stream “on the fly”, without having to previously inform the station of the presence or otherwise of said second data stream.
  • the invention relates to a method for transmitting data by a terminal to a station of a digital telecommunications system, in which a first data stream is encoded in data packets and a second data stream is encoded in a frequency-hopping pattern, said data packets, in which the first data stream is encoded, being consecutively transmitted in respective frequency bands of a frequency resource, said frequency bands being determined according to said frequency-hopping pattern in which the second data stream is encoded.
  • the transmission of the second data stream being closely linked to the transmission of the first data stream, it is possible to transmit control data common to the two data streams only once.
  • an identification code of the terminal transmitting the first data stream and the second data stream is incorporated into each data packet in which the first data stream is encoded.
  • the transmission method can furthermore include one or more of the following features, taken separately or in all technically possible combinations.
  • the second data stream is encoded in the form of a modification of said theoretical frequency-hopping pattern.
  • Such measures make it possible to benefit from the advantages of frequency-hopping, particularly in terms of frequency diversity, even when no data from the second data stream is transmitted.
  • the station which knows or knows how to determine the theoretical frequency-hopping pattern previously associated with the terminal, can determine whether or not the data from the second data stream have been transmitted by comparison with the frequency-hopping pattern actually used by the terminal and, where applicable, extract the second data stream.
  • the modification of the theoretical frequency-hopping pattern, to encode the second data stream comprises the modification or the removal of at least one theoretical frequency hop from said theoretical frequency-hopping pattern.
  • the modification of the frequency hops can give sets of frequencies separated by particularly short hops, in the order of a few thousandths of ppm (parts per million) to a few tenths of ppm, or a few hertz to a few hundred hertz.
  • the frequency trend can thus be compared to a quasi-continuous trend.
  • the processing to extract the information encoded in the second data stream can be similar to “shape recognition” processing, consisting in analyzing the frequency trend which is thus quasi-analog.
  • the invention relates to a terminal of a digital telecommunications system including means configured to transmit data to a station in accordance with a transmission method according to the invention.
  • the invention relates to a method for receiving, by a digital telecommunications system, data transmitted in accordance with the invention by a terminal, said reception method including steps of:
  • Such a search for data packets in a frequency resource is already carried out in certain digital telecommunications systems. This is for example the case in the digital telecommunications system described in the international application WO 2011/154466, in which the frequency drift of the frequency synthesizing means of the terminal is greater than the frequency width of the instantaneous frequency spectrum of the radio signals transmitted by said terminals.
  • the reception method can furthermore include one or more of the following features, taken separately or in all technically possible combinations.
  • the data packets incorporating a counter incremented by the terminal on each new transmission, the second data stream is furthermore extracted according to the counters of said data packets.
  • Such measures notably make it possible to determine, at station level, if packets of data have been lost, and therefore to improve the extraction of the second data stream by taking account of the lost data packets, where applicable.
  • the data packets can include a part encrypted by means of a rolling key incremented by the terminal on each new transmission, the second data stream being then furthermore extracted according to the rolling keys used for encrypting said data packets.
  • the invention relates to a station of a digital telecommunications system including means configured to receive data from a terminal in accordance with a reception method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 a schematic representation of a digital telecommunications system
  • FIG. 2 a diagram illustrating the main steps of an exemplary implementation of a data transmission method.
  • FIG. 3 a diagram illustrating the main steps of an exemplary implementation of a data reception method.
  • FIG. 1 represents a digital telecommunications system comprising several terminals 10 and a station 20
  • the term “station” is generally understood to mean any receiving device suitable for receiving data packets in the form of radio signals.
  • the station 20 is for example any one of the terminals 10 , or a particular device such as an access point to a wired or wireless telecommunications network.
  • radio signal is understood to mean an electromagnetic wave propagating via wireless means, the frequencies of which lie within the traditional radio wave spectrum (a few hertz to several hundreds of gigahertz), or in neighboring frequency bands.
  • the present invention first relates to a method 50 for transmitting data by a terminal 10 to the station 20 .
  • a transmission method 50 allows the simultaneous transmission of two data streams.
  • a first data stream is encoded in the form of data packets.
  • the data packets are formed in a conventional manner, for example by executing consecutive steps of channel encoding (by means of an error-correcting code such as a repetition code, a convolutional code, a turbocode etc.) and modulation (so as to obtain symbols such as BPSK, DBPSK, QPSK, 16 QAM, etc.)
  • a second data stream is encoded in the form of a frequency-hopping pattern used by the terminal 10 to choose the frequency bands in which it transmits the data packets formed from the first data stream.
  • the frequency-hopping pattern, formed from the second data stream determines the sequence of the consecutive central frequencies of the frequency bands in which the data packets of the first data stream are consecutively transmitted.
  • first data stream and the second data stream can be of any type, useful data and/or control data.
  • Each terminal 10 of the digital telecommunications system includes a set of software and/or hardware means configured to transmit data, to the station 20 , in accordance with a transmission method 50 the general principle of which has been described above.
  • said means configured to transmit data in accordance with a transmission method 50 , the general principle of which has been described above, take the form of a digital transmission module and an analog transmission module.
  • the digital transmission module is suitable for forming the data packets from the first data stream and for forming a frequency-hopping pattern from the second data stream. It includes, for example, a processor and an electronic memory in which a computer program product is stored, in the form of a set of program code instructions which, when executed by the processor, implement all or part of the steps of forming the data packets and forming the theoretical frequency-hopping pattern.
  • the digital transmission module includes programmable logic circuits, of FPGA, PLD etc. type, and/or application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), suitable for implementing all or part of said steps of forming the data packets and forming the frequency-hopping pattern.
  • the analog transmission module is suitable for forming the transmitted radio signals, from said analog signals received from the digital transmission module.
  • each analog transmission module frequency-translates the analog signals so that the latter are transmitted in the multiplexing band, in the frequency bands provided for by the frequency-hopping pattern formed from the second data stream.
  • part of said frequency translations can be carried out by the digital transmission module, in baseband and/or on intermediate frequency, the final translation in the multiplexing band being carried out by the analog transmission module.
  • the analog transmission module can carry out all the frequency translations according to control signals, representative of the frequency-hopping pattern, received from the digital transmission module.
  • the analog transmission module can take any suitable conventional form, and for this purpose includes a set of means considered as known to those skilled in the art (antennas, analog filters, amplifiers, local oscillators, mixers etc.)
  • FIG. 2 represents a preferred mode of implementation of a transmission method 50 , the general principle of which has been described previously, for transmitting a first data stream d 1 and a second data stream d 2 .
  • the transmission method 50 furthermore includes a step 52 of determining, from the theoretical frequency-hopping pattern stored in the electronic memory 11 , the theoretical frequency hop to be carried out to transmit said data packet Pn.
  • the theoretical frequency-hop consists in a frequency translation around the center frequency Fn.
  • the modification ⁇ Fn to be made is for example chosen from among several possible predefined modifications.
  • the number M of possible predefined modifications ⁇ m (1 ⁇ m ⁇ M) will determine the quantity of data from the second data stream d 2 transmitted at each modification of the theoretical frequency-hopping pattern.
  • the transmission method 50 then includes a step 54 of transmission of the data packet Pn, frequency-translated around the new center frequency F′n.
  • each theoretical frequency hop is modified to transmit data from the second data stream.
  • the search by the station 20 for data packets in the multiplexing band is facilitated because, except for cases where the index n is equal, modulo N, to Np, the theoretical frequency-hopping pattern, known to the station 20 , is not modified.
  • the present invention also relates to a data reception method 60 suitable for receiving the first data stream and the second data stream transmitted in accordance with a transmission method 50 , the general principle of which has been described above.
  • the station 20 of the digital telecommunications system includes for this purpose a set of software and/or hardware means configured to receive data in accordance with a reception method 60 , an exemplary implementation of which will be described below.
  • the analog reception module is suitable for receiving a global signal corresponding to all the radio signals received in the multiplexing band.
  • it includes a set of means, considered as known to those skilled in the art (antennas, analog filters, amplifiers, local oscillators, mixers etc.)
  • the analog reception module exhibits at the output an analog signal corresponding to the global signal brought to an intermediate frequency below the center frequency of the multiplexing band, said intermediate frequency can be zero.
  • the digital reception module includes, in a conventional manner, one or more analog/digital (A/D) converters suitable for sampling the analog signal or signals supplied by the analog reception module so as to obtain a digital signal.
  • A/D analog/digital
  • the digital reception module furthermore includes a processor and an electronic memory in which a computer program product is stored, in the form of a set of program code instructions which, when they are executed by the processor, implement all or part of the steps of a method 60 for receiving data from the digital signal at the output of the A/D converters.
  • the processing unit includes programmable logic circuits, of FPGA, PLD etc. type, and/or application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), suitable for implementing all or part of the steps of said data reception method 60 .
  • FIG. 3 represents a preferred mode of implementation of a method 60 for receiving data transmitted by the terminal 10 , the main steps of which are as follows:
  • the data packet Pn is detected by the station 20 , and the first data stream d 1 is then extracted from said data packet Pn, in a conventional manner.
  • step 63 of measuring the frequency bands in which data packets have been detected is to estimate the frequency-hopping pattern used by the terminal 10 for transmitting the data packets. It should be noted that, in the case of a search for local maxima of the frequency spectrum of the digital signal in the multiplexing band, the detection of a data packet and the measurement of the frequency band in which this data packet has been received are substantially simultaneous.
  • the data packet Pn has been detected in the frequency band of center frequency F′n.
  • the second data stream d 2 is then extracted, during step 64 , according to the measurements of frequency bands in which data packets, i.e. according to the estimate of the frequency-hopping pattern used by the terminal 10 .
  • a theoretical frequency-hopping pattern is previously associated with the terminal 10 having transmitted the data packets.
  • Said theoretical frequency-hopping pattern is for example previously stored in an electronic memory 21 of the station 20 .
  • the station 20 being able to receive data packets from several terminals 10 , said station 20 stores in the memory, for example, several theoretical frequency-hopping patterns respectively associated with the various terminals 10 of the digital telecommunications system.
  • Means are preferably provided for allowing said station 20 to identify the terminal 10 having transmitted the data packets.
  • each terminal 10 incorporates a specific identification code into the data packets that it transmits. In this way, the reading by the station 20 of the identification code incorporated into a data packet allows it to retrieve from the electronic memory 21 the theoretical frequency-hopping pattern associated with the terminal 10 having transmitted this data packet.
  • the station 20 can be implemented to allow the station 20 to identify the terminal 10 having transmitted the data packets.
  • the instant of transmission of a data packet is previously negotiated by the terminal 10 with the station 20 , so that the instant of reception of a data packet will be able to allow the station 20 to identify the terminal 10 having transmitted this data packet.
  • the determination by the station 20 of the code used by a terminal 10 will make it possible to identify this terminal 10 .
  • an identification code Cid is extracted from the data packet Pn, which allows the station 20 to retrieve from the electronic memory 21 the theoretical frequency-hopping pattern associated with the terminal 10 having transmitted the data packet Pn.
  • each terminal 10 incorporates into a transmitted data packet a counter which is incremented by said terminal on each new transmission.
  • the extraction of the counter from the received data packet Pn allows the station 20 to determine the index n of said data packet, and thus to determine, from the theoretical frequency-hopping pattern, the theoretical frequency hop predicted for the data packet Pn, which consists in a frequency translation around the center frequency Fn.
  • the second data stream d 2 is then extracted during a step 65 of comparing the frequency-hopping pattern estimated by the station 20 with the theoretical frequency-hopping pattern associated with the terminal 10 , i.e. by comparing the measured frequency band F′n to the center frequency Fn predicted by the theoretical frequency-hopping pattern.
  • the station 20 for example evaluates the difference (F′n ⁇ Fn) and compares it to the possible predefined modifications ⁇ m (1 ⁇ m ⁇ M). If the difference (F′n ⁇ Fn) is substantially equal to ⁇ 1 the station 20 considers that the binary data ⁇ 00 ⁇ have been transmitted, if the difference (F′n ⁇ Fn) is substantially equal to ⁇ 2 the station 20 considers that the binary data ⁇ 01 ⁇ have been transmitted, etc.
  • the invention has been described considering that a theoretical frequency-hopping pattern was associated with each terminal 10 . According to other examples, nothing excludes not considering any theoretical frequency-hopping pattern, the frequency-hopping pattern being then entirely determined by the second data stream. However, if data from the second data stream are not transmitted with each data packet from the first data stream, no frequency hop will be carried out in the absence of data from the second data stream. By considering a theoretical frequency-hopping pattern, a frequency hop is still carried out, making it possible to reduce the collisions, at the station 20 level, between data packets transmitted by the various terminals 10 , but also to benefit from greater frequency diversity.
  • the invention has been described considering that the theoretical frequency-hopping pattern was modified by modifying one or more theoretical frequency hops. According to other examples, nothing excludes modifying the theoretical frequency-hopping pattern in another way, for example by removing certain theoretical frequency hops, i.e. by puncturing said theoretical frequency-hopping pattern.
  • the station 20 can increment the rolling key that it uses to try to decrypt a data packet to obtain a rolling key that makes it possible to successfully decrypt said data packet.
  • the increment required to successfully decrypt said data packet makes it possible to determine the theoretical frequency hop predicted by the theoretical frequency-hopping pattern.
  • the data packets are transmitted by a terminal 10 with a predefined period, then the instants of reception of said data packets make it possible to determine the theoretical frequency hop predicted by the theoretical frequency-hopping pattern.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
US14/425,007 2012-09-04 2013-09-03 Methods for transmitting and receiving data in a digital telecommunications system Active US9270329B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1258213 2012-09-04
FR1258213A FR2995115B1 (fr) 2012-09-04 2012-09-04 Procedes d'emission et de reception de donnees dans un systeme de telecommunications numeriques
PCT/FR2013/052029 WO2014037665A1 (fr) 2012-09-04 2013-09-03 Procedes d'emission et de reception de donnees dans un systeme de telecommunications numeriques

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US20150222325A1 US20150222325A1 (en) 2015-08-06
US9270329B2 true US9270329B2 (en) 2016-02-23

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US (1) US9270329B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2893712B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP6316817B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN104823456B (fr)
FR (1) FR2995115B1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2637770C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014037665A1 (fr)

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US11075670B2 (en) * 2017-08-22 2021-07-27 Harxon Corporation Method and device for frequency hopping synchronization, receiver and transmitter
US11343649B2 (en) 2019-10-30 2022-05-24 Seiko Epson Corporation Mobile terminal, semiconductor IC, and control method

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US10825054B2 (en) * 2016-04-01 2020-11-03 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for providing network information
FR3054941B1 (fr) * 2016-08-05 2018-08-31 Airbus Defence And Space Sas Procede et systeme de detection de signaux utiles a derives frequentielles respectives non negligeables dans un signal global
US10904899B1 (en) 2018-03-26 2021-01-26 Lynq Technologies, Inc. Generating transmission arrangements for device group communication sessions

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US11075670B2 (en) * 2017-08-22 2021-07-27 Harxon Corporation Method and device for frequency hopping synchronization, receiver and transmitter
US11343649B2 (en) 2019-10-30 2022-05-24 Seiko Epson Corporation Mobile terminal, semiconductor IC, and control method

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EP2893712A1 (fr) 2015-07-15
RU2015112288A (ru) 2016-10-27
EP2893712B1 (fr) 2016-08-31
US20150222325A1 (en) 2015-08-06
JP2015534740A (ja) 2015-12-03
CN104823456A (zh) 2015-08-05
JP6316817B2 (ja) 2018-04-25
WO2014037665A1 (fr) 2014-03-13
FR2995115A1 (fr) 2014-03-07
CN104823456B (zh) 2018-06-01
FR2995115B1 (fr) 2014-09-05
RU2637770C2 (ru) 2017-12-07

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