US9000733B2 - Electric actuator - Google Patents

Electric actuator Download PDF

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US9000733B2
US9000733B2 US13/666,957 US201213666957A US9000733B2 US 9000733 B2 US9000733 B2 US 9000733B2 US 201213666957 A US201213666957 A US 201213666957A US 9000733 B2 US9000733 B2 US 9000733B2
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value
charging
backup capacitor
opening
terminal voltage
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US20130113441A1 (en
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Hiroaki Narita
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Azbil Corp
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Azbil Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/04—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K37/00—Special means in or on valves or other cut-off apparatus for indicating or recording operation thereof, or for enabling an alarm to be given
    • F16K37/0075—For recording or indicating the functioning of a valve in combination with test equipment
    • F16K37/0083—For recording or indicating the functioning of a valve in combination with test equipment by measuring valve parameters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
    • F16K17/36—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves actuated in consequence of extraneous circumstances, e.g. shock, change of position
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electric actuator for controlling the opening/closing of a valve through the driving force of a motor.
  • electric actuators have been used as devices for controlling the opening/closing of valves used in air-conditioning equipment, plants, and the like.
  • the opening/closing of valves has been controlled through the driving forces of motors, with ball valves or butterfly valves, or the like, installed as valve bodies in pipelines wherein cold water or hot water, high-temperature steam, or the like, flows.
  • One type of electric actuator is a spring-return-type electric actuator.
  • a spring is provided, as emergency opening/closing means for the valve at the time of a power outage, on the valve shaft of the valve or on an output shaft that rotates the valve shaft, where the rotational force of the motor that rotationally drives the valve is used to wind the spring at the time of normal operation, so that when there is no rotational force of the motor at the time of a power outage, an opening operation or a closing operations to an emergency opening/closing position is performed by the biasing force of the spring that has been wound.
  • the emergency opening/closing position may be set as the fully closed position, or may be set as the fully open position.
  • an electric actuator wherein, instead of a spring, an electric double layer capacitor is provided in the electric actuator as a backup capacitor, where, during normal operation, the backup capacitor becomes electrically charged, and where, at the time of a power outage, the valve is forcibly opened or closed through driving the electric motor with the electrical energy that is stored in the backup capacitor.
  • an electric double layer capacitor is provided in the electric actuator as a backup capacitor, where, during normal operation, the backup capacitor becomes electrically charged, and where, at the time of a power outage, the valve is forcibly opened or closed through driving the electric motor with the electrical energy that is stored in the backup capacitor.
  • the electrical energy that can be stored in the backup capacitor depends on the electrostatic capacitance of the backup capacitor, where this electrostatic capacitance is reduced through variation over time, applied voltages, temperature fluctuations, and the like, and thus even if the terminal voltage of the backup capacitor is monitored so as to always maintain a voltage value that is set in advance, if, after some time has elapsed, a power outage were to occur, there would be the risk that the electrical energy that is stored may be inadequate, producing a state wherein it is not possible to perform the desired opening operation or closing operation (a return operation).
  • Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication 2008-89109 discloses charging a backup capacitor with only the electric power required for the opening operation or closing operation of the valve at the time of a power outage.
  • the backup capacitor is charged with that amount of electric power, still there would be declining electrostatic capacitance of the backup capacitor due to changes over time, the applied voltages, variations in temperature, and the like, so that there would not always be an appropriate amount of electrical energy stored in the backup capacitor, with the risk that it might not be possible to perform the desired opening operation or closing operation (return operation).
  • the electric double layer capacitor that is used as the backup capacitor has the distinctive feature of enabling rapid electric charging by a large electric current.
  • heat is produced by the internal resistance within the electric double layer capacitor, which causes degradation of the electrostatic capacitance.
  • it is necessary to increase the output electric current-carrying capacity of the charging circuit, which increases costs.
  • the present invention was created in order to resolve such issues, and the object thereof is to provide an electric actuator that is able to perform reliably the desired return operation, regardless of when a power outage occurs, while always storing an appropriate amount of electrical energy in the backup capacitor. Moreover, it is to provide an electric actuator able to achieve a cost reduction through eliminating the need for increasing the output electric current-carrying capacity of the charging circuit along with preventing degradation of the electrostatic capacitance due to heating through the internal resistance of the backup capacitor.
  • the examples of the present invention are an electric actuator including a motor for receiving a supply of electric power from a power supply portion and for driving a valve, and a backup capacitor that is charged through the receipt of electric power from the power supply, for performing a return operation, at the time of a power outage, on the valve to a prescribed opening position through forcibly driving the motor through electrical energy that is stored in the backup capacitor, having degree-of-opening detecting means for detecting an actual degree of opening of the valve; terminal voltage detecting means for detecting a terminal voltage of the backup capacitor; electrostatic capacitance measuring means for measuring periodically a most recent electrostatic capacitance value for the backup capacitor; required charging voltage calculating means for calculating, as a required charging voltage, a charging voltage for the backup capacitor that is required in order to cause the return operation of the valve from the opening setting value at that time to the prescribed opening position, based on the measured most recent electrostatic capacitance value, each time the most recent electrostatic capacitance value of the backup capacitor is measured
  • the most recent electrostatic capacitance value is measured periodically for the backup capacitor, and each time the most recent electrostatic capacitance value for the backup capacitor is measured, the charging voltage of the backup capacitor required for causing the valve to undergo the return operation from the opening setting value at that time to the prescribed opening position (the emergency opening/closing position) is calculated, as the required charging voltage, based on the most recent electrostatic capacitance value that has been measured.
  • the required charging voltage that has been calculated and the terminal voltage of the backup capacitor that has been detected are compared, and if the required charging voltage that is calculated is higher than the terminal voltage that is detected, then the value for the electric current for charging the backup capacitor is determined based on the degree of opening of the valve and on the opening setting value, to charge the backup capacitor until the terminal voltage matches the required charging voltage that has been calculated.
  • the value of the electric current for charging the backup capacitor is determined based on the degree of opening of the valve and on the opening setting value. In this case, if, for example, the required charging voltage that is calculated is higher than the detected terminal voltage and the opening setting value for the valve is less than the actual degree of opening, then the value for the electric current for charging the backup capacitor is set to a minimum charging current value that is set in advance.
  • the most recent electrostatic capacitance value for the backup capacitor may be calculated, for example, as follows.
  • the electrical energy that is stored in the backup capacitor is discharged at a prescribed discharging current value Ib, the terminal voltage of the backup capacitor, which falls due to the discharge, is monitored, a time T 1 since the commencement of discharge, at the point in time wherein the terminal voltage reaches a specific voltage value V 1 , and a time T 2 since the commencement of discharge, at the point in time at which a specific voltage value V 2 , which is set to be a value that is lower than the voltage value V 1 , is reached, are measured, and the most recent electrostatic capacitance value Cnew of the backup capacitor is calculated based on these measured times T 1 and T 2 , the discharging current value Ib, and the voltage values V 1 and V 2 .
  • the most recent electrostatic capacitance value for the backup capacitor is measured periodically, and, each time the most recent electrostatic capacitance value for the backup capacitor is measured, the charging voltage of the backup capacitor required in order to cause the valve to undergo a return operation from the opening setting value at that time to a prescribed opening position is calculated, based on the most recent electrostatic capacitance value that has been measured, as a required charging voltage, where if required charging voltage that has been calculated is greater than the detected terminal voltage of the backup capacitor, then a value of an electric current for charging the backup capacitor is determined based on the actual degree of opening of the valve and on the opening setting value, and the backup capacitor is charged until the terminal voltage reaches the required charging voltage that has been calculated, thus enabling the desired return operation to be performed reliably, regardless of when a power outage occurs, while storing an appropriate amount of electrical energy in the backup capacitor.
  • valve opening setting value when the valve opening setting value is equal to or less than the actual degree of opening, it is possible to both prevent degradation of the electrostatic capacitance through the production of heat by the internal resistance of the backup capacitor, through performing charging of the backup capacitor at an electric current of an appropriate value that does not cause a load, and also to achieve a reduction in cost by eliminating the need for an increase in output electric current-carrying capacity of the charging circuit.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating portions of one example of an electric actuator according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating the processes of an operating sequence that is executed by a control circuit in the electric actuator.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating the processes of the operating sequence, continuing from FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating the processes in a charging sequence that is executed in the processes of the operating sequence.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating the processes of an electrostatic capacitance measuring sequence that is executed in the processes of the operating sequence.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating the processes of the electrostatic capacitance value measurement that is performed in the processes of the electrostatic capacitance measuring sequence.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the changes in the terminal voltage of the backup capacitor at the time of the electrostatic capacitance value measurement.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating the state wherein the terminal voltage of the backup capacitor is adjusted to the required charging voltage after the electrostatic capacitance value measurement.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating the processes in the full electrical characteristics measuring sequence that is performed in the processes of the operating sequence.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating the processes in the full electrical characteristics measuring sequence, continuing from FIG. 9 .
  • FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating the processes for the internal resistance value measurement that is performed in the full electrical characteristics measuring sequence.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating the changes in the terminal voltage of the backup capacitor at the time of the internal resistance value measurement.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating the changes in the terminal voltage of the backup capacitor at the time of the electrostatic capacitance value measurement after the internal resistance value measurement.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating the state wherein the terminal voltage of the backup capacitor has been adjusted, through charging, to the required charging voltage after the electrostatic capacitance value measurement after the internal resistance value measurement.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of portions of an electric actuator according to the present invention.
  • 100 is an electric actuator which is attached to a valve 200 , such as a ball valve or a butterfly valve, or the like, and integrated together as an electric regulator valve.
  • a valve 200 such as a ball valve or a butterfly valve, or the like
  • information is exchanged with an external controller 300 .
  • the electric actuator 100 is provided with a controlling circuit 1 , a non-volatile memory 2 , an A/D converting circuit 3 , a communicating circuit 4 , a multiplexer 5 , an opening command inputting circuit 6 , an electric motor 7 , a motor driving circuit 8 , a speed reducing mechanism 9 , a position detecting mechanism (potentiometer) 10 , a temperature sensor 11 , a power supply circuit 12 , a power supply outage detecting circuit 13 , a power supply switching circuit 14 , a control power supply circuit 15 , a backup capacitor (electric double layer capacitor) 16 , a capacitor terminal voltage measuring circuit 17 , a charging circuit 18 , a discharging circuit 19 , and a discharging current measuring circuit 20 .
  • a controlling circuit 1 a non-volatile memory 2 , an A/D converting circuit 3 , a communicating circuit 4 , a multiplexer 5 , an opening command inputting circuit 6 , an electric motor 7 , a motor
  • the controlling circuit 1 is provided with a central calculation processing device (CPU), and performs processing operations following a program that is stored in the non-volatile memory 2 .
  • a program for controlling the degree of opening of the valve plug in the valve 200 is stored in the non-volatile memory 2 .
  • adjusting data and setting data that are used in the processing operations by the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 in accordance with the aforementioned program are stored in the non-volatile memory 2 .
  • also stored in the non-volatile memory 2 are measurement data obtained in the processing operations of the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 following the programs described above.
  • a setting value for the degree of opening of the valve (a setting opening) is applied to the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 from an external controller 300 through the opening command inputting circuit 6 , the multiplexer 5 , and the A/D converting circuit 3 , where the actual measured value for the degree of opening of the valve (the actual opening) from the position detecting mechanism 10 is applied to the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 through the multiplexer 5 and the A/D converting circuit 3 .
  • the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 compares the setting opening and the actual opening from the A/D converting circuit 3 , and sends a driving command to the motor driving circuit 8 so as to cause the setting opening and the actual opening to match. Doing so causes the electric motor 7 to be driven, where the driving force of the electric motor 7 is transmitted to the valve shaft of the valve 200 through the speed reducing mechanism 9 , to act on the valve plug that is secured to the valve shaft, to thereby adjust the degree of opening of the valve 200 .
  • the position detecting mechanism 10 detects the amount of dislocation of the valve shaft of the valve 200 through the speed reducing mechanism 9 , to send the degree of opening of the valve, as the measured value (actual opening), to the multiplexer 5 .
  • the communicating circuit 4 exchanges data communications with the external controller 300 , to input into and output from the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 .
  • the opening command inputting circuit 6 inputs an opening command (an analog value) from the external controller 300 , and outputs it to the multiplexer 5 .
  • the power supply circuit 12 generates a DC power supply from an AC power supply.
  • the power supply switching circuit 14 selectively outputs a DC voltage from the power supply circuit 12 during normal operations, and selectively outputs a DC voltage (the charging voltage) from the backup capacitor 16 at the time of a power outage.
  • the control power supply circuit 15 converts the DC voltage from the power supply switching circuit 14 into various voltages, which are supplied as control power supplies to individual circuits.
  • the power supply outage detecting circuit 13 detects an interruption (a stoppage) in the supply of the AC power supply to the power supply circuit 12 , and provides notification of such an event to the power supply switching circuit 14 and the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 .
  • the charging circuit 18 inputs the DC voltage from the power supply circuit 12 , to charge the backup capacitor 16 .
  • the charging timing and the charging current value Ia in the charging circuit 18 for the backup capacitor 16 are directed by the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 .
  • the discharging circuit 19 performs discharging of the backup capacitor 16 .
  • the discharging timing and discharging current value Ib in the discharging circuit 19 to the backup capacitor 16 are directed by the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 .
  • the discharging current measuring circuit 20 detects the discharging current in the discharging circuit 19 and outputs it to the multiplexer 5 .
  • the capacitor terminal voltage measuring circuit 17 measures the terminal voltage of the backup capacitor 16 and outputs it to the multiplexer 5 .
  • the temperature sensor 11 detects the temperature within the device (the temperature in the vicinity of the backup capacitor 16 ) and outputs it to the multiplexer 5 .
  • the multiplexer 5 switches between the various outputs from the temperature sensor 11 , the opening command inputting circuit 6 , the discharging current measuring circuit 20 , the capacitor terminal voltage measuring circuit 17 , and the position detecting mechanism 10 , to output them to the A/D converting circuit 3 .
  • FIG. 2 The flowchart of the processing operations that are executed by the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 in accordance with the program that is stored in the non-volatile memory 2 (the flowchart of the main operating sequence) is illustrated divided into FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 .
  • the processing operations executed by the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 will be explained below, following this flowchart.
  • the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 when the power supply is turned ON (Step S 101 : YES), performs self diagnostics on the various portions within the electric actuator 100 (Step S 102 ), and if the results of the self diagnostics are “Fault” (Step S 103 : NO), stops the operation of the electric actuator 100 (Step S 104 ), and sends, to the external controller 300 , through the communicating circuit 4 , the result of the self diagnostics and information indicating that the operation has been terminated (Step S 105 ).
  • Step S 103 If the result of the self diagnostics is “Normal” (Step S 103 : YES), then the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 reads in the temperature within the device, detected by the temperature sensor 11 (Step S 106 ). Following this, it checks whether or not there is an opening command from the external controller 300 (Step S 107 ), and if there is no opening command (Step S 107 : NO), immediately advances to Step S 110 .
  • Step S 107 If there is an opening command (Step S 107 : YES), then the setting value for the degree of valve opening (the setting opening) ⁇ sp that is applied by the opening command and the actual measured value for the degree of opening of the valve (the actual opening) ⁇ pv from the position detecting mechanism 10 are compared (Step S 108 ), and a driving command is sent to the motor driving circuit 8 to drive the electric motor 7 to cause the setting opening ⁇ sp and the actual opening ⁇ pv to match (Step S 109 ).
  • Step S 109 the setting opening ⁇ sp and the actual opening ⁇ pv match (Step S 108 : YES)
  • processing advances to Step S 110 .
  • Step S 110 the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 checks whether or not a command has been received from the external controller 300 . If no command has been received from the external controller 300 (Step S 110 : NO), then processing advances to Step S 113 ( FIG. 3 ). If a command has been received from the external controller 300 (Step S 110 : YES), then the processes of that command are executed (Step S 111 ). Following this, a response is sent to the external controller 300 (Step S 112 ), and processing advances to Step S 113 ( FIG. 3 ).
  • Step S 113 checks whether or not the charging sequence has been completed. If the charging sequence has not been completed (Step S 113 : NO), then the charging sequence is executed (Step S 114 ).
  • FIG. 4 shows a flowchart of the charging sequence that is executed in Step S 114 .
  • the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 reads out an initial setting value C 0 for the electrostatic capacitance of the backup capacitor 16 that is stored as setting data in the non-volatile memory 2 (Step S 201 ). After this, it calculates, from the initial setting value C 0 for the electrostatic capacitance, which has been read out, and from the setting opening ⁇ sp at that time, the minimum charging voltage for the backup capacitor 16 required for producing the return operation from the setting opening ⁇ sp at that time to the emergency opening/closing position, as the required charging voltage VCmin (Step S 202 ).
  • the emergency opening/closing position is the fully closed position.
  • the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 compares the measured value VC for the terminal voltage of the backup capacitor 16 to the required charging voltage VCmin, calculated in Step S 202 (Step S 203 ), and if the measured value VC for the terminal voltage is not equal to or greater than the required charging voltage VCmin (Step S 203 : NO), reads out, as the charging current value Ia, the minimum charging current value Ia min that is stored as the setting data in the non-volatile memory 2 (Step S 204 ) and applies a command to the charging circuit 18 , to charge the backup capacitor 16 with the charging current value Ia that has been read out (Step S 205 ).
  • Step S 206 After this, it confirms that the measured value VC for the terminal voltage has become equal to or greater than the required charging voltage VCmin (Step S 206 : YES), and then returns to the main operating sequence. Note that if, in Step S 203 , the measured value VC for the terminal voltage is greater than or equal to the required charging voltage VCmin, then processing returns immediately to the main sequence, without performing the processes in Step S 204 and beyond.
  • the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 checks whether or not it is time to measure the electrostatic capacitance.
  • the time interval for measuring the electrostatic capacitance is defined as TC 1 , and each time TC 1 elapses, there is an occurrence of the time for measuring the electrostatic capacitance.
  • the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 executes the processes in the electrostatic capacitance measuring sequence (Step S 116 ).
  • FIG. 5 shows a flowchart for the electrostatic capacitance measuring sequence executed in Step S 116 .
  • the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 first measures the most recent electrostatic capacitance value Cnew of the backup capacitor 16 (Step S 301 ).
  • the measurement of the most recent electrostatic capacitance value Cnew for the backup capacitor 16 is performed as described below.
  • FIG. 6 shows a flowchart for the processes for the electrostatic capacitance measurement executed in Step S 301 .
  • the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 reads out the discharging current value Ib that is stored as setting data in the non-volatile memory 2 , and applies a command to the discharging circuit 19 , to discharge the backup capacitor 16 at the discharging current value Ib that has been read out (Step S 401 : point t 1 shown in FIG. 7 ).
  • Step S 402 the terminal voltage VC of the backup capacitor 16 , which drops due to this discharge, is monitored, and at the point in time that the terminal voltage VC has reached a specific voltage value V 1 (Step S 402 : YES, point t 2 shown in FIG. 7 ), the time T 1 that has elapsed from the commencement of the discharge is measured (Step S 403 ). Moreover, the time T 2 that has elapsed since the commencement of discharge at the point in time at which the terminal voltage VC of the backup capacitor 16 has arrived at a specific voltage value V 2 , which is set to a value that is lower than the voltage value V 1 , (Step S 404 : YES, point t 3 shown in FIG. 7 ) is measured (Step S 405 ).
  • the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 after calculating the most recent electrostatic capacitance value Cnew in this way, stores the calculated most recent electrostatic capacitance value Cnew in the non-volatile memory 2 (Step S 302 ).
  • the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 compares the most recent electrostatic capacitance value Cnew, measured in Step S 301 , to a limit setting value that is stored as setting data in the non-volatile memory 2 (Step S 303 ), and if the most recent electrostatic capacitance value Cnew exceeds the limit setting value (Step S 303 : YES), then the operation of the electric actuator 100 is stopped (Step S 304 ), and information indicating the most recent electrostatic capacitance value Cnew and indicating that the operation has been stopped is sent to the external controller 300 (Step S 305 ).
  • Step S 303 If the most recent electrostatic capacitance value Cnew does not exceed the limit setting value (Step S 303 : NO), then the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 performs a comparison to a warning setting value that is stored as setting data in the non-volatile memory 2 (Step S 306 ).
  • Step S 306 if the most recent electrostatic capacitance value Cnew exceeds the warning setting value (Step S 306 : YES), then the most recent electrostatic capacitance value Cnew and information indicating that attention is required is sent to the external controller 300 (Step S 307 ).
  • the controlling circuit (Cpu) 1 calculates, as the required charging voltage VCmin, the minimum required charging voltage for the backup capacitor 16 in order to perform the return operation from the setting opening ⁇ sp at that time to the emergency opening/closing position (the fully closed position), based on the measured most recent electrostatic capacitance value Cnew and the setting opening ⁇ sp at that time (Step S 308 ).
  • the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 compares the measured value VC for the terminal voltage of the backup capacitor 16 to the required charging voltage VCmin, calculated in Step S 308 (Step S 309 ).
  • Step S 309 NO
  • the setting opening ⁇ sp is equal to or less than the actual opening ⁇ pv
  • the minimum charging current value Ia min is read out from the non-volatile memory 2 as the charging current value Ia and applied to the charging circuit 18 , to perform charging of the backup capacitor 16 at the charging current value Ia that has been read out (Step S 310 : point t 4 shown in FIG. 8 ). That is, if the setting opening ⁇ sp is less than or equal to the actual opening ⁇ pv, then charging with an overcurrent is avoided by setting the charging current value Ia to the minimum charging current value Ia min .
  • Ia is the value for the charging current
  • Cnew is the most recent electrostatic capacitance value
  • VCmin is the required charging voltage that has been calculated
  • VC is the detected terminal voltage
  • ⁇ T is the charging time.
  • the minimum required charging current value Ia is calculated from the most recent electrostatic capacitance value Cnew, the required charging voltage VCmin, the terminal voltage VC, and the charging time ⁇ T, to charge the backup capacitor 16 with an electric current of an appropriate value that does not create a load.
  • Step S 311 YES, point t 5 shown in FIG. 8
  • the electrostatic capacitance measuring sequence is complete, and processing returns to the main operating sequence.
  • Step S 309 YES If the measured value VC for the terminal voltage is equal to or greater than the required charging voltage VCmin (Step S 309 : YES), then the electrostatic capacitance measuring sequence is terminated, and processing returns to the main operating sequence.
  • the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 checks whether or not it is time to measure the full electrical characteristics (Step S 117 ( FIG. 3 )).
  • the interval for measuring the full electrical characteristics is defined as TC 2 , where a time for measuring the full electrical characteristics occurs each time TC 2 elapses.
  • the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 executes the processes in the full electrical characteristics measuring sequence (Step S 118 ).
  • the interval TC 2 for measuring the full electrical characteristics is set so as to be longer than the interval TC 1 for measuring the electrostatic capacitance.
  • Step S 118 A flowchart for the full electrical characteristics measuring sequence that is executed in Step S 118 is shown divided between FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 .
  • the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 first measures the internal resistance value Rd of the backup capacitor 16 (Step S 501 ).
  • the measurement of the internal resistance value Rd of the backup capacitor 16 is performed as follows.
  • FIG. 11 shows a flowchart of the processes for the internal resistance value measurement in Step S 501 .
  • the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 reads out, as the charging current value Ia, the minimum charging current value Ia min that is stored in the non-volatile memory 2 , and applies a command to the charging circuit 18 so as to charge the backup capacitor 16 at the charging current value Ia that has been read out (Step S 601 : point t 1 shown in FIG. 12 ). Following this, after confirming that the backup capacitor 16 is fully charged (Step S 602 : YES, point t 2 shown in FIG.
  • Step S 603 point t 3 shown in FIG. 12 ).
  • the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 measures the electrostatic capacitance value Cnew for the backup capacitor 16 (Step S 502 ).
  • the measurement of the electrostatic capacitance value Cnew of the backup capacitor 16 is performed following the flowchart shown in FIG. 6 , in the same manner as in Step S 301 shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 After calculating the internal resistance value Rd and the electrostatic capacitance value Cnew of the backup capacitor 16 in this way, the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 stores into the non-volatile memory 2 the calculated internal resistance value Rd and electrostatic capacitance value Cnew (Step S 503 ).
  • the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 compares the measured internal resistance value Rd to a limit setting value that is stored as setting data in the non-volatile memory 2 (Step S 504 ), and if the internal resistance value Rd exceeds the limit setting value (Step S 504 : YES), then the operation of the electric actuator 100 is stopped (Step S 505 ), and information indicating the internal resistance value Rd and indicating that the operation has been stopped is sent to the external controller 300 (Step S 506 ).
  • Step S 504 If the internal resistance value Rd does not exceed the limit setting value (Step S 504 : NO), then the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 performs a comparison to a warning setting value that is stored as setting data in the non-volatile memory 2 (Step S 504 ). Here if the internal resistance value Rd exceeds the warning setting value (Step S 507 : YES), then the measured internal resistance value Rd and information indicating that attention is required is sent to the external controller 300 (Step S 508 ).
  • the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 compares the measured electrostatic capacitance value Cnew to a limit setting value that is stored as setting data in the non-volatile memory 2 (Step S 509 (FIG. 10 )), and if the electrostatic capacitance value Cnew exceeds the limit setting value (Step S 509 : YES), then the operation of the electric actuator 100 is stopped (Step S 510 ), and information indicating the electrostatic capacitance value Cnew and indicating that the operation has been stopped is sent to the external controller 300 (Step S 511 ).
  • Step S 509 If the electrostatic capacitance value Cnew does not exceed the limit setting value (Step S 509 : NO), then the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 performs a comparison to a warning setting value that is stored as setting data in the non-volatile memory 2 (Step S 512 ). Here if the electrostatic capacitance value Cnew exceeds the warning setting value (Step S 512 : YES), then the electrostatic capacitance value Cnew and information indicating that attention is required is sent to the external controller 300 (Step S 513 ).
  • the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 calculates, as the required charging voltage VCmin, the minimum required charging voltage for the backup capacitor 16 in order to perform the return operation from the setting opening ⁇ sp at that time to the emergency opening/closing position (the fully closed position), based on the measured electrostatic capacitance value Cnew and the setting opening Asp at that time (Step S 514 ).
  • the required charging voltage VCmin is calculated through the aforementioned Equation (2) from the measured electrostatic capacitance value Cnew and the setting opening ⁇ sp at that time:
  • the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 compares the measured value VC for the terminal voltage of the backup capacitor 16 to the required charging voltage VCmin, calculated in Step S 514 (Step S 515 ).
  • Step S 515 If, at this point, the required charging voltage VCmin is higher than the measured value VC for the terminal voltage (Step S 515 : NO) and the setting opening ⁇ sp is equal to or less than the actual opening ⁇ pv, then the minimum charging current value Iamin is read out from the non-volatile memory 2 as the charging current value Ia and applied to the charging circuit 18 , to perform charging of the backup capacitor 16 at the charging current value Ia that has been read out (Step S 516 : point t 8 shown in FIG. 14 ).
  • Step S 517 YES, point t 9 shown in FIG. 14
  • the full electrical characteristics measuring sequence is complete, and processing returns to the main operating sequence.
  • Step S 515 If the measured value VC for the terminal voltage is equal to or greater than the required charging voltage VCmin (Step S 515 : YES), then the full electrical characteristics measuring sequence is terminated, and processing returns to the main operating sequence.
  • Step S 101 through 103 the controlling circuit (CPU) 1 repeatedly executes the processes in Step S 106 through S 118 , described above.
  • Step S 107 if, in the repeating of the processes in Step S 106 through S 118 there is an opening command applied from the external controller 300 (Step S 107 : YES), then the electric motor 7 is driven to cause the actual opening ⁇ pv of the valve 200 to match the setting opening ⁇ sp, and if there is a command from the external controller 300 (Step S 110 : YES), then the processes of that command are executed.
  • Step S 115 YES
  • the most recent electrostatic capacitance value Cnew for the backup capacitor 16 is measured, and along with checking whether or not the measured most recent electrostatic capacitance value Cnew is within the normal range, the required charging voltage VCmin is calculated based on this measured most recent electrostatic capacitance value Cnew, and the terminal voltage VC of the backup capacitor 16 is adjusted to the calculated required charging voltage VCmin.
  • Step S 117 YES
  • the internal resistance value Rd and the most recent electrostatic capacitance value Cnew for the backup capacitor 16 are measured, and along with checking whether or not the measured internal resistance value Rd and most recent electrostatic capacitance value Cnew are within the normal range, the required charging voltage VCmin is calculated based on this measured electrostatic capacitance value Cnew, and the terminal voltage VC of the backup capacitor 16 is adjusted to the calculated required charging voltage VCmin.
  • the most recent electrostatic capacitance value Cnew of the backup capacitor 16 is measured periodically, and each time the most recent electrostatic capacitance value Cnew of the backup capacitor 16 is measured, the charging voltage of the backup capacitor that is required in order to cause a return operation of the valve 200 from the opening setting value ⁇ sp at that time to the emergency opening/closing position is calculated, as the required charging voltage VCmin, based on the most recent electrostatic capacitance value Cnew that has been measured, and the terminal voltage VC of the backup capacitor 16 is adjusted so as to go to the required charging voltage VCmin that has been calculated, thus making it possible to ensure the reliability of the desired return operation, regardless of when a power outage may occur, while storing an appropriate amount of electrical energy in the backup capacitor 16 . This eliminates any failures in operation at the time of a power outage and achieves a reduction in energy.
  • the measuring interval TC 1 for the electrostatic capacitance and the measuring interval TC 2 for the full electrical characteristics may be set to optimal measuring intervals, varied depending on the situations described below, to reduce the frequency of charging and discharging at the time of measurement, to thereby increase the service life:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electrically Driven Valve-Operating Means (AREA)
  • Indication Of The Valve Opening Or Closing Status (AREA)
US13/666,957 2011-11-04 2012-11-01 Electric actuator Active 2033-10-05 US9000733B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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JP2011242643A JP5793400B2 (ja) 2011-11-04 2011-11-04 電動アクチュエータ
JP2011-242643 2011-11-04

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US20130113441A1 US20130113441A1 (en) 2013-05-09
US9000733B2 true US9000733B2 (en) 2015-04-07

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CN104539041B (zh) * 2014-12-09 2017-01-18 广东美的暖通设备有限公司 多联机空调系统及其室内机后备电源装置、控制方法
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JP6442726B2 (ja) * 2015-07-01 2018-12-26 株式会社カワデン 電動弁の開度制御装置
CN107310710B (zh) * 2016-04-27 2020-07-21 东莞前沿技术研究院 阀门的控制方法
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JP6933523B2 (ja) * 2017-07-27 2021-09-08 アズビル株式会社 電動アクチュエータ
US11870280B2 (en) * 2018-09-19 2024-01-09 Johnson Controls Tyco IP Holdings LLP Systems and methods for controlling super capacitor charge voltage to extend super capacitor life
CN109882634B (zh) * 2019-03-22 2021-04-27 深圳市新可优科技有限公司 一种数字式智能型角行程电动执行器
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US20130113441A1 (en) 2013-05-09
JP5793400B2 (ja) 2015-10-14
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JP2013096551A (ja) 2013-05-20
CN103090080A (zh) 2013-05-08
CN103090080B (zh) 2015-05-27

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