US8847095B2 - High-voltage switching device - Google Patents

High-voltage switching device Download PDF

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Publication number
US8847095B2
US8847095B2 US13/568,917 US201213568917A US8847095B2 US 8847095 B2 US8847095 B2 US 8847095B2 US 201213568917 A US201213568917 A US 201213568917A US 8847095 B2 US8847095 B2 US 8847095B2
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Prior art keywords
movable contact
movable
contact
fixed contact
switching device
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US13/568,917
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US20130057083A1 (en
Inventor
Lise Donzel
Judith Kessler
Alexey Sokolov
Markus Abplanalp
Davide Riboni
Roberto Cameroni
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Hitachi Energy Ltd
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ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
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Assigned to ABB SCHWEIZ AG reassignment ABB SCHWEIZ AG MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ABB RESEARCH LTD.
Assigned to ABB POWER GRIDS SWITZERLAND AG reassignment ABB POWER GRIDS SWITZERLAND AG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ABB SCHWEIZ AG
Assigned to HITACHI ENERGY SWITZERLAND AG reassignment HITACHI ENERGY SWITZERLAND AG CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ABB POWER GRIDS SWITZERLAND AG
Assigned to HITACHI ENERGY LTD reassignment HITACHI ENERGY LTD MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HITACHI ENERGY SWITZERLAND AG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/14—Multiple main contacts for the purpose of dividing the current through, or potential drop along, the arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/42—Driving mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
    • H01H33/6647—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings having fixed middle contact and two movable contacts

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a switching device, such as a high-voltage switching device for applications with rated voltage above 1 kV.
  • switching devices such as current interrupters or circuit breakers, have the main task of properly protecting the grid in which they are used as well as various loads and equipment connected therewith from damages which may be caused for example by electrical faults, e.g. short circuits.
  • a circuit breaker can include an interruption chamber with current interruption mechanisms constituted by at least one fixed contact and a corresponding moving contact.
  • the circuit breaker can be opened by suitable actuating mechanisms which cause the movable contact to electrically separate from the fixed contact, thus interrupting the flow of current.
  • the contacts are positioned and separate from each other inside a vacuum interruption chamber.
  • the vacuum interruption chamber surrounds a sealed space inside which a vacuum atmosphere is created and where the contacts separate.
  • the dielectric rating of a single vacuum chamber is rather limited, e.g. up to some tens of kV, and in order to overcome such limit there have been proposed various solutions using two or more vacuum chambers or vacuum circuit breakers within the same switching device.
  • An exemplary high-voltage switching device comprising: an outer casing; a current interruption assembly including at least one vacuum chamber which is positioned inside said outer casing; a fixed contact assembly including a first fixed contact and a second fixed contact positioned inside said at least one vacuum chamber; a first movable-contact assembly and a second movable-contact assembly including a first movable contact and a second movable contact, respectively; a single mechanism for actuating both said first and second movable-contact assemblies between a first position in which said first movable contact and said second movable contact are electrically coupled inside said at least one vacuum chamber with said first fixed contact and said second fixed contact, respectively, and a second position in which said first movable contact and said second movable contact are electrically separated inside said at least one vacuum chamber from said first fixed contact and said second fixed contact, respectively, wherein said fixed contact assembly is interposed between said first and second movable contact assemblies, said first movable contact assembly, said second movable contact assembly, and said
  • An exemplary high-voltage switching device comprising: a current interruption assembly including at least one vacuum chamber; a fixed contact assembly including a first fixed contact and a second fixed contact positioned inside said at least one vacuum chamber; a first movable-contact assembly having a first movable contact; a second movable-contact assembly having a second movable contact; a single mechanism for actuating said and second movable-contact assemblies between a first position and a second position, wherein in said first position said first movable contact is electrically coupled to said first fixed contact and said second movable contact is electrically coupled to said second fixed contact, wherein in said second position said first movable contact is electrically separated from said first fixed contact and said second movable contact is electrically separated from said second fixed contact, and wherein said fixed contact assembly is interposed between said first and second movable contact assemblies, and wherein said first movable contact and said second movable contact move towards and away from one another along a reference axis based on a respective starting position
  • FIG. 1 is a side view showing the high-voltage switching device in a first closed position in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a side view showing the high-voltage switching device in a second open position in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the various elements of an actuating mechanism used in the switching device of FIGS. 1 and 2 in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to a high voltage switching device including an outer casing; a current interruption assembly comprising at least one vacuum chamber which is positioned inside said outer casing, a fixed contact assembly including a first fixed contact and a second fixed contact positioned inside said at least one vacuum chamber, a first movable-contact assembly and a second movable-contact assembly including a first movable contact and a second movable contact respectively; a single mechanism for actuating both said first and second movable-contact assemblies between a first position in which said first movable contact and said second movable contact are electrically coupled inside said at least one vacuum chamber with said first fixed contact and said second fixed contact, respectively, and a second position in which said first movable contact and said second movable contact are electrically separated inside said at least one vacuum chamber from said first fixed contact and said second fixed contact, respectively, in that said fixed contact assembly is interposed between said first and second movable contact assemblies, and wherein said first movable contact assembly, said second movable contact assembly
  • FIG. 1 is a side view showing the high-voltage switching device in a first closed position in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a side view showing the high-voltage switching device in a second open position in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the high voltage switching device according to the present disclosure indicated by the overall reference 100 , comprises an outer casing 1 , and a current interruption assembly indicated by the reference number 10 .
  • the casing 1 can be a metal-clad casing, e.g., it is electrically conducting and can be connected to ground potential, or alternatively it can be a live tank or casing.
  • the casing 1 is connected for instance to two bushings 2 each housing a respective conductor, e.g. a bar or rod 3 .
  • the bars 3 are connected each to a corresponding terminal 4 , with the terminals 4 connected operatively to the interruption assembly 10 .
  • the bars 3 , terminals 4 and related connections between them and with the interruption assembly 10 allow to realize input/output electrical connections of the switching device 100 for example with an external power line, with the current flowing through the interruption assembly 10 according to solutions well known or readily available to those skilled in the art and therefore not described herein in details.
  • the interruption assembly 10 includes at least one vacuum chamber 20 which is positioned inside the outer casing 1 , a fixed contact assembly 30 including a first fixed contact 31 and a second fixed contact 32 which are positioned inside the at least one vacuum chamber 20 , and a first movable-contact assembly 40 and a second movable-contact assembly 50 which includes a first movable contact 41 and a second movable contact 51 , respectively.
  • the switching device 100 includes also a single actuating mechanism, globally indicated by the reference number 60 .
  • the mechanism 60 is a unique mechanism adapted to actuate both the first movable-contact assembly 40 and the second movable-contact assembly 50 between: 1) a first position in which the first movable contact 41 and the second movable contact 51 are electrically coupled inside the at least one vacuum chamber 20 with the first fixed contact 31 and the second fixed contact 32 , respectively (see FIG. 1 ; switching device 100 in closed position); and 2) a second position in which the first movable contact 41 and the second movable contact 51 are electrically separated inside the at least one vacuum chamber 20 from the first fixed contact 31 and the second fixed contact 32 , respectively.
  • Such separated position is shown in FIG. 2 wherein the switching device 100 is opened and the flow of current is interrupted.
  • the fixed contact assembly 30 is interposed between the first movable contact assembly 40 and the second movable contact assembly 50 .
  • the first movable contact assembly 40 , the second movable contact assembly 50 , and the actuating mechanism 60 are arranged, namely configured and/or mutually operatively associated, so as the first movable contact 41 and the second movable contact 51 move, along a reference axis 101 , one towards the other when switching from the second position illustrated in FIG. 2 to the first position of FIG. 1 and one away from the other when switching from the second position (starting position illustrated by FIG. 2 ) to the first position illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • the first movable contact assembly 40 , the second movable contact assembly 50 , and the actuating mechanism 60 are arranged, namely configured and/or mutually operatively associated, so as the first movable contact 41 and the second movable contact 51 cover the same distance D 1 , D 2 , respectively, along the reference axis 101 , when moving between the two positions.
  • the energy specified to actuate the movable-contact assembly 40 and 50 is supplied by a motor 5 , e.g. an electrical rotating motor, or a spring-operated motor.
  • the motor 5 can be positioned inside or outside the casing 1 , or as shown in the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 1-2 it can be positioned inside a housing 6 which is connected mechanically to the body of the casing 1 , e.g. at an end thereof.
  • the motor 5 can be constituted by any suitable motor already available on the market; for example the motor 5 can be selected from the MotorDrive series models MD1.n, such as the model MD1.3, or the type BLK82, or the ESH9 commercialized by the ABB® Group.
  • the first movable contact assembly 40 , the second movable contact assembly 50 , and the fixed contact assembly 30 can be arranged substantially aligned along the first reference axis 101 so that they are electrically connected in series when the first movable contact 41 and the second movable contact 51 are electrically coupled in the first position with the first fixed contact 31 and the second fixed contact 32 , respectively (see FIG. 1 ).
  • the first movable contact assembly 40 includes, for example, two main parts, e.g. a support part 42 which protrudes outside the at least one vacuum chamber 20 and is suitable to be connected to the actuating mechanism 60 , and a second part 43 which extends into the vacuum chamber 20 and includes, at its end free portion, the contact part 41 meant to mate with the first fixed contact 31 ;
  • the second movable contact assembly 50 includes for example two main parts, e.g. a support part 52 which protrudes outside the at least one vacuum chamber 20 and is suitable to be connected to the actuating mechanism 60 , and a second part 53 which extends into the vacuum chamber 20 and comprises, at its end free portion, the contact part 51 meant to mate with the second fixed contact 32 .
  • the two main parts 42 , 43 are mechanically connected to each other and also the two main parts 52 - 53 are mechanically connected to each other, e.g. screwed, according to solutions well known in the art or in any case readily available to those skilled in the art.
  • the fixed contact assembly 30 includes at least a first piece 33 including the first fixed contact 31 and a second piece 34 including the second fixed contact 32 .
  • the first and second pieces 33 , 34 are mechanically connected to each other, e.g. by screwing so as to form a single body.
  • the switching device 100 includes: a first vacuum chamber 21 having a first back surface 23 , and a first main body 25 which extends from the first back surface 23 .
  • a second vacuum chamber 22 has a second back surface 24 , and a second main body 26 which extends from the second back surface 24 .
  • the first and second vacuum chambers 21 , 22 are positioned back-to-back with their respective back surfaces 23 , 24 adjacent (or facing) to each other with the first main body 25 and the second main body 26 which extend from the respective first and second back surfaces 23 , 24 in opposite directions from each other along the reference axis 101 .
  • the fixed contact assembly 30 can be placed at the zone where the first and second back surfaces 23 , 24 are placed adjacent to each other with the first fixed contact 31 extending into the first vacuum chamber 21 and the second fixed contact 32 extending into the second vacuum chamber 22 .
  • the first movable contact 41 couples to/separates from the first fixed contact 31 inside the space under vacuum surrounded by the first vacuum chamber 21 .
  • the second movable contact 51 couples to/separates from the second fixed contact 32 inside the space under vacuum surrounded by the second vacuum chamber 22 .
  • the actuating mechanism 60 can be adapted to actuate substantially synchronously the first and second movable contacts 41 , 51 when causing them to move between the first position and the second position (both directions).
  • the actuating mechanism 60 can be arranged to self-lock the first movable contact 41 and the second movable contact 51 in the first position, e.g., when the switching device 100 is in the closed status.
  • the mechanism 60 through its various components, as it will be described in the following, can assume an overall position suitable to keep the movable contacts in the first position without relying on a constraining force exerted by the motor 5 .
  • the actuating mechanism 60 includes a first actuating sub-assembly 70 connected to the first movable contact assembly 40 and a second actuating sub-assembly 80 connected to the second movable contact assembly 50 .
  • the actuating mechanism 60 further includes a first rod 61 and a second rod 64 which are made for example of electrically insulating material.
  • the first rod 61 is positioned between the outer casing 1 and the at least one vacuum chamber 20 or the two chambers 21 , 22 depicted in FIGS. 1 and 2 , and mechanically connects the first actuating sub-assembly 70 with the second actuating sub-assembly 80 .
  • the second rod 64 connects operatively the first rod 61 with the motor 5 , e.g. its shaft.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the various elements of an actuating mechanism used in the switching device of FIGS. 1 and 2 in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the first actuating sub-assembly 70 includes: a substantially straight link 71 , for example made of electrically insulating material, which is connected (point Cl of FIG. 3 ) to the first movable contact assembly 40 .
  • An L-shaped lever 72 which has a first end (Bl) connected to the straight link 71 , and a second end (Dl) connected to a respective end of the first insulating rod 61 .
  • the L-shaped lever 72 is mounted at point (Al) of its elbow portion pivotally around an axis 62 transversal with respect to said reference axis 101 .
  • Such mounting can be realized for example directly on the internal surface of the casing 1 or on a piece which is connected to such internal surface.
  • the second actuating sub-assembly 80 includes: a substantially straight link 81 , for example made of electrically insulating material, which is connected to the movable contact assembly 50 (point Cr of FIG. 3 ).
  • An L-shaped lever 82 which has a first end (Br) connected to the straight link 81 , and a second end (Dr) connected to a respective end of the first insulating rod 61 .
  • the L-shaped lever 82 is also mounted at point (Ar) of its elbow portion pivotally around an axis 63 transversal with respect to said reference axis 101 . Also this mounting can be realized for example directly on the internal surface of the casing 1 or on a piece which is connected to such internal surface.
  • the motor 5 When the switching device 100 has to open or close, the motor 5 , e.g. in the form of an electric rotating motor, rotates clockwise or counterclockwise transmitting the movement thorough the second rod 64 to the other components of the mechanism 60 and thus to the movable contacts 41 , 51 .
  • the motor 5 rotates counterclockwise and pulls the second rod 64 which in turn pulls the rod 61 .
  • the rod 61 transmits the movement to the L-shaped levers 72 , 82 which rotate around their respective axes 62 , 63 and cause the corresponding links 71 , 81 , to push each the corresponding movable contact assembly 40 and 50 .
  • the movable contacts 41 , 51 slide along the reference axis 101 one towards the other until they arrive to touch each the respective fixed contact 31 , 32 (position of FIG. 1 ).
  • the mutual position of the various components of the actuating mechanism 60 is such that the contacts can be kept in the reached position without relying on a biasing force exerted by the motor 5 .
  • the points (Al), (Bl) (Cl) and (Ar), (Br) (Cr) are substantially aligned along the reference axis 101 as illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • the switching device 100 offers some improvements over prior art solutions.
  • the switching device 100 as a whole is rather compact, structurally simplified and electrically improved due to a better and more balanced distribution of the voltage inside the casing 1 along the vacuum chamber(s).
  • the present disclosure also encompasses an electric power distribution and/or transmission substation characterized in that it includes a high voltage switching device 100 of the type according to the above-described exemplary embodiment. Furthermore, in another exemplary embodiment, more than one switching device 100 can be used in a single substation.
  • the exemplary switching device 100 thus conceived is susceptible of modifications and variations, all of which are within the scope of the inventive concept as defined in the appended claims. Any possible combination of the previously disclosed embodiments/alternatives can be implemented and has to be considered within the inventive concept of the present disclosure. All the details may furthermore be replaced with technically equivalent elements. For example, any of the previously described components may be differently shaped, or used in a different number or parts or elements, or the components previously described can be differently connected with respect to each other. For instance, the movable contact assemblies 40 , 50 or the fixed contact assembly 30 can be realized in a unique piece or in more than two pieces.
  • the switching device 100 can be equipped with other components, e.g. sensors, earth switches or disconnectors positioned inside the casing 1 and independent or operatively connected to the interruption assembly 10 .
US13/568,917 2011-09-06 2012-08-07 High-voltage switching device Active 2033-04-11 US8847095B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11180139.5A EP2568493B1 (en) 2011-09-06 2011-09-06 High-Voltage switching device
EP11180139.5 2011-09-06
EP11180139 2011-09-06

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US20130057083A1 US20130057083A1 (en) 2013-03-07
US8847095B2 true US8847095B2 (en) 2014-09-30

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US13/568,917 Active 2033-04-11 US8847095B2 (en) 2011-09-06 2012-08-07 High-voltage switching device

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US (1) US8847095B2 (ja)
EP (1) EP2568493B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP6073090B2 (ja)
KR (1) KR101969168B1 (ja)
CN (1) CN103077846B (ja)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11302499B1 (en) * 2020-10-07 2022-04-12 Mitsubishi Electric Power Products, Inc. Vacuum circuit breaker
US20220216021A1 (en) * 2018-09-12 2022-07-07 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Circuit breaker
US20220293369A1 (en) * 2019-08-13 2022-09-15 Siemens Energy Global Gmbh & Kg Switching device comprising two interrupter units connected in series

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CN104380417B (zh) * 2012-05-31 2016-08-31 三菱电机株式会社 气体断路器
JP2015056239A (ja) * 2013-09-10 2015-03-23 株式会社東芝 開閉器
KR101689180B1 (ko) * 2014-12-31 2016-12-23 주식회사 효성 진공인터럽터 및 그의 구동방법
JP2017004708A (ja) * 2015-06-09 2017-01-05 株式会社日立製作所 電力開閉装置の制御方法
DE102016213162A1 (de) * 2016-07-19 2018-01-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schalteinrichtung
DE102017222943A1 (de) * 2017-12-15 2019-06-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Anordnung und Verfahren zum Antreiben eines beweglichen Kontakts einer Vakuumschaltröhre in einem Hochspannungsleistungsschalter
DE102018201151A1 (de) * 2018-01-25 2019-07-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elektrische Schalteinrichtung

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US7511243B2 (en) * 2004-06-16 2009-03-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Power switch comprising an interrupter unit disposed within an encapsulating housing
US20090084762A1 (en) 2007-09-27 2009-04-02 Wristen Cecil C Adjustable switching mechanism for series coupled vacuum interrupters

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US3697712A (en) * 1971-01-07 1972-10-10 S & C Electric Co High voltage switch with preinsertion resistor connected in the circuit through graphite corona balls
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220216021A1 (en) * 2018-09-12 2022-07-07 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Circuit breaker
US11710611B2 (en) * 2018-09-12 2023-07-25 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Circuit breaker
US20220293369A1 (en) * 2019-08-13 2022-09-15 Siemens Energy Global Gmbh & Kg Switching device comprising two interrupter units connected in series
US11302499B1 (en) * 2020-10-07 2022-04-12 Mitsubishi Electric Power Products, Inc. Vacuum circuit breaker

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Publication number Publication date
US20130057083A1 (en) 2013-03-07
CN103077846A (zh) 2013-05-01
JP6073090B2 (ja) 2017-02-01
KR101969168B1 (ko) 2019-04-15
EP2568493A1 (en) 2013-03-13
EP2568493B1 (en) 2015-12-16
JP2013058476A (ja) 2013-03-28
CN103077846B (zh) 2017-01-18
KR20130027077A (ko) 2013-03-14

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