US8112091B2 - Allocating radio resources in mobile communications system - Google Patents

Allocating radio resources in mobile communications system Download PDF

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US8112091B2
US8112091B2 US12/160,095 US16009507A US8112091B2 US 8112091 B2 US8112091 B2 US 8112091B2 US 16009507 A US16009507 A US 16009507A US 8112091 B2 US8112091 B2 US 8112091B2
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information
terminal
mobile terminal
radio resources
base station
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US20080305819A1 (en
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Sung-Duck Chun
Young-dae Lee
Myung-Cheul Jung
Sung-Jun Park
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Thomson Licensing SAS
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LG Electronics Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/23—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0023—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the signalling
    • H04L1/0026—Transmission of channel quality indication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1812—Hybrid protocols; Hybrid automatic repeat request [HARQ]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0055—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link
    • H04W36/0072—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link of resource information of target access point
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling
    • H04W72/1263—Mapping of traffic onto schedule, e.g. scheduled allocation or multiplexing of flows
    • H04W72/1268—Mapping of traffic onto schedule, e.g. scheduled allocation or multiplexing of flows of uplink data flows
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/16—Discovering, processing access restriction or access information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/51—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on terminal or device properties
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/52—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on load
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to allocating radio resources in a mobile communications system.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary network structure of an Evolved Universal Telecommunications System (E-UMTS).
  • E-UMTS developed from an existing Universal Telecommunications System (UMTS). Standardization of the E-UMTS is currently being developed by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).
  • 3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project
  • the E-UMTS may also be called a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • an E-UMTS network may consist of an Evolved UMTS terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN) and a core network (CN).
  • the E-UTRAN includes a base station (eNode B or eNB).
  • the CN includes an Access Gateway (AG), which is a node adapted for user registration of a user equipment (UE).
  • the AG may be divided into a first portion for processing user traffic and a second portion for processing control traffic.
  • the AG portion for processing the user traffic and the AG portion for processing the control traffic can be connected to each other via a communication interface.
  • At least one or more cells may exist in a single eNode B (eNB).
  • An interface for transmitting the user traffic and/or the control traffic can be used between eNode Bs.
  • an interface for discriminating between the E-UTRAN and the CN can be used.
  • Radio interface protocol layers between a mobile terminal and network may be classified into a first layer (L1), a second layer (L2) and a third layer (L3) based on three lower layers of a well-known interconnection scheme, such as an open system interconnection (OSI) reference model.
  • the first layer provides an information transfer service using a physical layer.
  • a radio resource control (RRC) layer positioned in the third layer serves to control radio resources between the mobile terminal and the network. Accordingly, the RRC layer allows an RRC message exchange between the mobile terminal and the network.
  • the RRC layer may be positioned in both the eNode B and AG, or positioned in one of the eNode B and AG.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate architectures for radio interface protocols between a mobile terminal and a UMTS terrestrial radio access network (UTRAN) based on a 3GPP radio access network specification.
  • the radio interface protocols of FIGS. 2 and 3 are horizontally formed of a physical layer, a data link layer and a network layer. Vertically, the radio interface protocols are formed of a user plane for transmitting data information and a control plane for transmitting control signals.
  • the protocol layers of FIGS. 2 and 3 may be divided into a first layer (L1), a second layer (L2) and a third layer (L3) based on three lower layers of a well-known interconnection scheme, such as an open system interconnection (OSI) reference model.
  • OSI open system interconnection
  • a physical layer provides an information transfer service to an upper layer.
  • the physical layer is connected to an upper layer, such as a medium access control (MAC) layer, via a transport channel.
  • MAC medium access control
  • Data is transferred between the MAC layer and the physical layer via the transport channel.
  • Data is also transferred between different physical layers, such as a physical layer of a transmitting side and a physical layer of a receiving side.
  • the MAC layer is positioned in the second layer and provides a service via a logical channel to an upper layer, such as a radio link control (RLC) layer.
  • the RLC layer may also positioned in the second layer and supports reliable data transmission.
  • a function performed by the RLC layer may be implemented as a functional block within the MAC. In this case, the RLC layer may not exist.
  • a Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer is positioned in the second layer above the RLC layer.
  • the PDCP layer is used to effectively transmit data using an IP packet, such as an IPv4 or IPv6, on a radio interface with a relatively small bandwidth. For this purpose, the PDCP layer reduces unnecessary control information via a function, such as header compression.
  • a radio resource control (RRC) layer located at a lowest portion of the third layer is defined in the control plane.
  • the RRC layer handles transport channels and physical channels for the configuration, re-configuration and release of radio bearers.
  • a radio bearer (RB) denotes a service provided by the second layer for data transfer between the mobile terminal and the UTRAN.
  • Downlink transport channels for transmitting data from a network to a mobile terminal may include a broadcast channel (BCH) for transmitting system information and a downlink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic or a control message.
  • BCH broadcast channel
  • SCH downlink shared channel
  • the user traffic or the control message of a downlink multicast or broadcast service may be transmitted via the downlink SCH or via a separate downlink multicast channel (MCH).
  • Uplink transport channels for transmitting data from a mobile terminal to a network may include a random access channel (RACH) for transmitting an initial control message and an uplink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic or a control message.
  • RACH random access channel
  • SCH uplink shared channel
  • a mobile terminal when a mobile terminal cannot connect with a gateway (i.e., AG) for traffic transmission, or when the mobile terminal can no longer be connected because of its mobility, or when the gateway cannot be sustained because of other operations, the mobile terminal connects to a gateway suitable for a base station of an area into which the mobile terminal has moved into.
  • the change to the new gateway increases traffic congestion of the network because of context information exchanged between the gateways and signaling message transmissions between many base stations and gateways, and the like.
  • the RLC layer basically guarantees a quality of service (QoS) of each RB and their corresponding data transmissions. Because the RB service is a service provided to an upper layer by the second layer of the radio protocols, the entire second layer may impact the QoS. Particularly, the RLC layer greatly influences the QoS.
  • the RLC establishes an independent RLC entity for each RB to guarantee a unique QoS of the RB.
  • the RLC provides three modes, namely, a transparent mode (TM), an unacknowledged mode (UM) and an acknowledged Mode (AM) to support various QoSs.
  • the three RLC modes support QoS in different manners, respectively, and adapt different operation methods accordingly. Also, detailed functions of the three operation modes are different from one another. Therefore, each of the operation modes (i.e., TM, UM and AM) of the RLC will be described in more detail.
  • a reception acknowledgment is received for transmitted data.
  • the UM RLC When transmitting data in the unacknowledged mode (UM), the UM RLC adds a PDU header, including a sequence number (SN), to each PDU and transmits the PDU to a receiving side. Accordingly, the receiving side can know specifically which PDU is lost during transmission.
  • the UM RLC handles on the user plane the transmission of broadcast/multicast data or real-time packet data such as voice (e.g., VoIP) or streaming in a packet service domain.
  • the UM RLC handles on the control plane the transmission of RRC messages that do not require a reception acknowledgement when the RRC messages are transmitted to a specific terminal within a cell or a specific terminal group within a cell region.
  • the AM RLC configures a PDU by adding a PDU header having an SN to the PDU.
  • the difference between the UM RLC and the AM RLC is that a receiving side acknowledges whether the PDU transmitted by a transmitting side has been successfully received. Notably, when providing the acknowledgement, the receiving side may request the transmitting side to retransmit an unsuccessfully received PDU.
  • the retransmission function is a distinctive feature of the AM RLC.
  • the AM RLC aims to guarantee error-free data transmission via use of the retransmission function. Accordingly, the AM RLC handles on the user plane the transmission of non-real-time packet data such as Transport Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) data in a packet service region. Also, the AM RLC handles on the control plane the transmission of RRC messages that require a reception acknowledgement when the RRC messages are transmitted to a specific terminal within a cell or a specific terminal group.
  • TCP/IP Transport Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
  • the TM RLC and the UM RLC are used in uni-directional communication.
  • the AM RLC is used in bi-directional communication because of the feedback function from the receiving side. Because the bi-directional communication is usually used in a point-to-point communication, the AM RLC uses a dedicated channel.
  • the AM RLC is complicated because it performs the retransmission function.
  • the AM RLC is provided with a retransmission buffer in addition to a transmitting/receiving buffer to manage the retransmission.
  • the AM RLC performs various functions including use of a transmission/reception window for flow control, a polling function for when a transmitting side requests status information from a receiving side of a peer RLC entity, a status information report function such as when the receiving side reports its buffer state to a transmitting side of the peer RLC entity, use of a status PDU for delivering status information, and piggybacking for inserting the status PDU in a data PDU to increase data transmission efficiency, for example.
  • the AM RLC also uses a reset PDU for requesting a reset of all operations and parameters from a counterpart AM RLC entity when the requesting AM RLC entity finds a critical error during the operation. Accordingly, a reset ACK PDU is used to respond to the reset PDU, and the like.
  • the AM RLC uses several protocol parameters, state variables and a timer to support such functions.
  • PDUs such as the status information report PDU, the status PDU and the reset PDU, are used to control data transmission in the AM RLC. Such PDUs are referred to as control PDUs. PDUs used to transfer user data is referred to as data PDUs. Therefore, the AM RLC generally uses two types of PDUs, the data PDU and the control PDU.
  • the E-UMTS is configured with a base station and a terminal.
  • Radio resources in one cell comprise an uplink radio resource and a downlink radio resource.
  • the base station manages allocation and control of the uplink and downlink radio resources of the one cell. Specifically, the base station determines conditions or situations, such as which terminal uses the radio resources, when to use the radio resources, what amount of radio resources to use, and what types of radio resources to use. For example, a base station can determine the transmission of downlink data to a first user for 0.2 seconds on a frequency of 100 Mhz to 101 Mhz after 3.2 seconds have elapsed. Accordingly, the base station informs the corresponding terminal of the determination to allow the terminal to receive the downlink data.
  • the base station can determine whether to transmit data based on the conditions or situations (i.e., when to use the radio resources, what amount of radio resources to use, what types of radio resources to use, which terminal uses the radio resources, etc.). The base station also informs the terminal of the determination to allow the terminal to transmit data within the determined time period.
  • the base station dynamically manages the radio resources to increase data transmission efficiency.
  • radio resources are managed such that one terminal can continuously use one radio resource during a call connection. This is unreasonable given that various services may be currently provided based on an IP packet. For example, for most packet data services, a packet is generated intermittently rather than being generated continuously. Hence, it is inefficient for the base station to continuously allocate the radio resource to the terminal.
  • the radio resource is allocated to a terminal in the afore-mentioned manner while a terminal has data to transmit.
  • the E-UTRAN allocates resources to the terminal only when the terminal requires the radio resource.
  • the base station in order to transmit more data to more terminals while using a smaller amount of radio resources, the base station requires more information, and controls and manages radio resources more strictly.
  • a first terminal performs voice call communication
  • a second terminal performs Internet browsing
  • a third terminal does not perform a call communication.
  • the base station continuously allocates a radio resource.
  • a user of the terminal may be reading an online (Internet) newspaper, for example.
  • Internet online
  • the user's desired page is displayed on a screen
  • the user will view the contents of the page during a certain time.
  • no data is transmitted.
  • the terminal falls into a state where no data is transmitted.
  • the base station may allocate radio resources accordingly.
  • the base station allocates radio resources differently according to the particular situations the terminal is in. Additionally, in order to provide more data to more terminals, the base station should consider a usage time of the terminal. For example, when there is no data to be transmitted or received, data should be transmitted through the uplink of the terminal. Also, the time for discriminating whether there is data to be received through the downlink should be shortened. Otherwise, a standby time of the terminal is inevitably increased. Based upon such problem recognition, various features and aspects described herein have been conceived by the present inventors.
  • This disclosure is directed to allocating radio resources in a mobile communication system.
  • this disclosure provides a method for allocating radio resources in a mobile communication system, the method comprising transmitting first information to a network, wherein the first information is utilized by the network to allocate radio resources to a mobile terminal for allowing communication between the mobile terminal and the network, and receiving second information from the network, wherein the second information is related to an allocation of radio resources for the mobile terminal.
  • the first information is transmitted upon expiration of a timer.
  • the first information may comprise priority information of a channel having data.
  • the first information may comprise mobile terminal power information.
  • the first information may comprise information related to an average number of retransmissions under a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) scheme.
  • the first information may comprise information related to transmitting a full header packet under a header compression scheme.
  • the first information may comprise information related to a transition between an idle period and an active period.
  • HARQ hybrid automatic repeat request
  • the idle period may be a silent period and the active period is a talk spurt during a voice call operation.
  • the mobile terminal may be periodically allocated radio resources for transmitting the first information using the allocated radio resources.
  • the first information may be transmitted upon receiving a request to transmit the first information from the network.
  • the second information may be received along with a NACK signal from the network, wherein the network transmits the NACK signal upon incorrectly receiving data from the mobile terminal.
  • the second information may comprise an indicator for indicating to the mobile terminal the existence of paging information.
  • the second information may be received during a first frame of a set of time frames, wherein the first frame includes identities of all mobile terminals that are scheduled for data communication within the set of time frames.
  • a mobile terminal may be in an inactive state during the other time frames of the set of time frames if the identity of the mobile terminal is not included in the first frame.
  • the second information may comprise information related to when the mobile terminal can transmit the first information. In another aspect, the second information may comprise information related to when the network can allocate the radio resources.
  • the first information may be transmitted on a portion of a random access channel the mobile terminal is allowed to use.
  • a method for allocating radio resources in a mobile communication system comprises receiving first information from a mobile terminal, wherein the first information is utilized by a network to allocate radio resources to the mobile terminal for allowing communication between the mobile terminal and the network, and transmitting second information to the mobile terminal, wherein the second information is related to an allocation of radio resources for the mobile terminal.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary network structure of an Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (E-UMTS).
  • E-UMTS Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a control plane architecture for radio interface protocols between a mobile terminal and a UMTS terrestrial radio access network (UTRAN) based on a 3GPP radio access network specification.
  • UTRAN UMTS terrestrial radio access network
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a user plane architecture for radio interface protocols between a mobile terminal and a UMTS terrestrial radio access network (UTRAN) based on a 3GPP radio access network specification.
  • UTRAN UMTS terrestrial radio access network
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary method for allocating radio resources in a mobile communication system in accordance with one embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an example of transmitting scheduling information through a downlink channel sub-frame in accordance with one embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates an example of using uplink radio resources recognized by a terminal through scheduling information in accordance with one embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a method for transmitting scheduling-related information to a base station in accordance with one embodiment.
  • This disclosure relates to allocating radio resources in a mobile communication system.
  • a base station may allocate radio resources to terminals, and the terminals may request the base station to effectively allocate the radio resources.
  • the base station may be informed of the data that each terminal waits to receive.
  • data to be transmitted in a downlink direction may be transferred from an access gateway (AG).
  • AG access gateway
  • the base station can recognize the amount of data to be transferred to each terminal through the downlink and allocate radio resources accordingly.
  • uplink data the base station cannot know the amount of radio resources required by each terminal unless the terminal provides information regarding the data to be transferred through the uplink. Therefore, in order for the base station to properly allocate uplink radio resources to a terminal, the terminal may provide to the base station information related to the scheduling of radio resources.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary method for allocating radio resources in a mobile communication system in accordance with one embodiment.
  • a terminal may transmit scheduling-related information to the base station. Thereafter, the base station may promptly allocate radio resources to the terminal so that the terminal can quickly transmit data using the allocated radio resources. Accordingly, a method for allocating radio resources in a mobile communication system will be described.
  • the terminal transmits information regarding a data transmission state to the base station (S 10 ).
  • the terminal may transmit the data transmission state information to the base station when a specific reference (condition) is met, or at a specific time.
  • the data transmission state information may include information regarding a priority level of a channel having data, and in particular, the data transmission state information may include information regarding a channel with the highest priority level among channels having data.
  • the data transmission state information may also include identification information for channels having data and/or label information.
  • the label information may include a series of label values designated by the base station to each channel. The label value provides information as to whether a corresponding channel includes voice data or requires an error-free transmission. Accordingly, the base station can designate the same label value to different channels of different terminals.
  • the data transmission state information may also include identification information for the channel with the highest priority level among channels having data and/or information regarding an amount of data of each channel.
  • the data transmission state information may include information regarding a total amount of data of the channels. The information included in the data transmission state information can be transmitted separately or together with other information to the base station.
  • the terminal may collect information for similar classes or similar types of channels and transfers them to the base station.
  • the terminal can include power information with the data transmission state information.
  • the power information may comprise information regarding an amount of power available for use in addition to a power currently used for transmission, or a maximum amount of power the terminal can currently use for transmission.
  • the terminal may also provide information regarding a radio environment (S 10 ) to aid the base station in managing radio resources in a single cell more effectively.
  • the terminal may transmit to the base station, information regarding an average success rate or transmission failure rate using a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) scheme.
  • HARQ hybrid automatic repeat request
  • the base station can calculate a required amount of radio resources to allocate to the terminal based on the received radio environment information. For example, when a HARQ retransmission procedure occurs an average of three times and the terminal requires radio resources of 1 Mhz for transmitting uplink data, the base station can assess that the radio resources of 1 MHz is to be allocated to the terminal for three time intervals.
  • a header compression scheme is used for a packet switching-based service (PS service), wherein most IP packets with respect to a service have almost the same header content.
  • PS service packet switching-based service
  • a full header packet is transmitted at every certain interval and changed content is transmitted during a remaining time interval. Accordingly, more uplink radio resources are required to transmit the full header packet.
  • the terminal transmits to the base station time information for the full header packet.
  • the time information may comprise a transmission section, an interval and time, for example. Accordingly, based on the time information, the base station can allocate more resources at a time when the terminal is expected to transmit the full header packet.
  • a voice encoder may generate a packet for indicating a mute interval at a start point of the interval and transmits such packet. If the terminal recognizes the mute interval, the terminal may inform the base station to not allocate uplink radio resources to the terminal for transmitting voice data during a certain time.
  • One of a MAC entity, a PDCP entity and an RLC entity of the terminal can recognize the packet indicating the mute interval by interpreting the packet or when receiving an indication of the mute interval from an upper layer. Thereafter, the base station can be informed accordingly.
  • this disclosure provides a method for effectively allocating radio resources to the terminal for transmitting the above-described information to the base station.
  • the base station may arbitrarily allocate uplink radio resources to the terminal to allow the terminal to transmit information required for, or related to, transmission scheduling. For example, the base station may allocate uplink radio resources to the terminal through a channel for transmitting uplink radio resource allocation information, and instruct the terminal to preferentially use the allocated uplink radio resources to transmit scheduling information. Accordingly, the terminal reads the uplink radio resource allocation information, and when instructed to preferentially use a particular uplink radio resource to transmit scheduling information, the terminal transmits scheduling-related information using the particular uplink radio resource.
  • the base station may request a transmission of the scheduling-related information using signaling between MAC entities.
  • the base station may request the terminal to transmit the scheduling-related information through the uplink radio resource allocation information channel, or by using a PDU transmitted between MAC entities.
  • the terminal Upon receiving the request for transmitting the scheduling-related information from the base station, the terminal transmits the scheduling-related information using the allocated uplink radio resource.
  • the terminal may transmit scheduling-related information to the base station.
  • the base station may transmit measurement-related setting information to the terminal, wherein the terminal measures a radio environment based on the received measurement-related setting information. Subsequently, the terminal compares a measurement result with set conditions according to the measurement-related setting information. Thus, when certain conditions are met, the terminal transmits the measurement result or scheduling information to the base station.
  • the particular event or the measurement-related setting information may inform the terminal when to transmit the scheduling information.
  • the particular event may indicate when an amount of data arrived at a particular channel of the terminal exceeds a particular reference value or is lower than the particular reference value.
  • the particular event may indicate when a total amount of data arrived at a buffer of the terminal exceeds the particular reference value or is lower than the particular reference value.
  • the particular event may indicate, based on an amount of radio resources currently allocated to the terminal, when a time required for using data stored in the buffer of the terminal exceeds the particular reference value or is lower than the particular reference value.
  • Information transmission by the terminal to the base station may be performed through a control information channel of the MAC entity or RRC entity. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 4 , the base station receives the scheduling-related information from the terminal (S 10 ), allocates uplink and/or downlink radio resources for allowing the terminal to transmit uplink data (S 11 ), and transmits scheduling information including the allocated radio resources to the terminal (S 12 ).
  • uplink and downlink radio resources are classified depending on a transmission subject.
  • the terminal may perform transmission through the uplink radio resources and the base station performs transmission through the downlink radio resources.
  • some of the downlink radio resources are allocated for transmitting the scheduling information to the terminal.
  • Information related to data of a particular terminal, and which frequency and time to use for uplink transmission, may be transmitted to the terminal.
  • the uplink radio resources may be used by several terminals, wherein the several terminals are not connected to each other.
  • the base station determines an allocation of radio resources for each terminal. Although the determined information is related to the uplink radio resources, the base station informs the terminals about the determination.
  • the scheduling information regarding uplink radio resources namely, information related to data of a particular terminal, and which frequency and time to use for uplink transmission, may be transmitted through the downlink radio resources. For this reason, a time point at which the scheduling information with respect to the uplink radio resources is transmitted through the downlink radio resources and a time point at which each terminal actually starts transmission through the uplink radio resources based on the scheduling information are different.
  • the base station may inform the terminals about the time difference between the transmission time point of the scheduling information and the actual usage time point.
  • the time difference can be transferred through system information of the base station.
  • the base station can designate a specific time difference according to service characteristics used by each terminal and inform the terminals about the specific time difference. For example, a terminal with high processing capability can immediately process the scheduling information upon receiving it and start transmission through the uplink. However, a terminal having low processing capability cannot immediately perform the transmission. Therefore, a method for informing the specific time difference of each terminal is used.
  • the base station decodes the data transmitted by the terminal. If the decoding fails, the base station allocates the uplink radio resources to the terminal again. The base station may allocate the uplink radio resources to the terminal simultaneously with sending a NACK signal to the terminal. Alternatively, when the base station sends the NACK signal, it may inform the terminal whether to use the same resources as those used in the previous transmission.
  • the terminal uses the same amount of radio resources previously used to perform the retransmission.
  • Information regarding whether to use the same radio resources may be transmitted using a channel for transmitting scheduling information, or included in a channel for transmitting a NACK and ACK signal with respect to a terminal transmission.
  • the base station may send paging to the terminal.
  • the terminal may continuously receive downlink channels resulting in a battery usage time of the terminal being inevitably shortened. Therefore, the present disclosure provides a method for effectively sending paging to the terminal.
  • the base station transmits paging (information) to the terminal by using the downlink channel for transmitting the scheduling information.
  • the base station may directly include an identifier of the terminal the base station wants to page in the channel for transmitting the scheduling information.
  • the terminal can decode the scheduling information at a predetermined time, periodically. Thereafter, when the terminal discovers its identifier, the terminal determines that it has been paged and immediately responds to the base station. Moreover, when the terminal determines that it has been paged, the terminal begins transmitting a preset Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) or pilot signal. When the base station detects the CQI or pilot signal, the base station regards the signal as a response to its paging and operates accordingly.
  • CQI Channel Quality Indicator
  • a minimum time unit for discriminating physical resources is a sub-frame of 0.5 ms.
  • the total transmission time to the terminal may exceed 0.5 ms (e.g., if the NACK or ACK of the base station is large). Accordingly, transmitting the allocation information to the terminal with respect to the uplink or downlink physical resources at every sub-frame may cause severe overhead compared with user data actually transmitted.
  • the base station may designate one or more sub-frames as a single scheduling unit. For example, when the base station designates a scheduling unit of uplink radio resources as three sub-frames with respect to a specific terminal, and the terminal receives single uplink radio resource scheduling information, the terminal uses the scheduling information over three sub-frames.
  • the three sub-frames may use the same amount of radio resources, e.g., the same frequency band.
  • the terminal may be informed of the scheduling unit when a single channel is set or when an RRC connection is formed between the terminal and the base station.
  • the base station allocates the uplink radio resources to a specific terminal and simultaneously informs the terminal that scheduling is valid during four sub-frames
  • the terminal can use the allocated uplink radio resources for four sub-frames.
  • the base station no longer transmits the scheduling information to the terminal during the scheduling unit.
  • the terminal no longer reads the channel for transmitting the uplink scheduling information during the scheduling unit. If a scheduling start point allocated to each terminal is respectively different, the base station may inform each terminal from what point the scheduling information should be read.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an example of transmitting scheduling information through a sub-frame of a downlink channel in accordance with one embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a terminal using uplink radio resources recognized through scheduling information in accordance with one embodiment.
  • a first terminal may recognize at a first sub-frame of a downlink channel that uplink radio resources of frequencies 3 to 6 have been allocated for a length of four sub-frames.
  • the UE 1 may recognize this allocation via scheduling information received during the first sub-frame. Accordingly, the UE 1 may use the allocated uplink radio resources during the four sub-frames, as shown in FIG. 6 .
  • a second terminal is allocated uplink radio resources during a second and fourth sub-frame.
  • the UE 1 does not read scheduling information from the second to fourth sub-frames, but reads the scheduling information at a fifth sub-frame to check whether resources have been allocated to the UE 1 .
  • the UE 2 reads the scheduling information at the fourth sub-frame to check whether resources have been allocated to the UE 2 .
  • the UE 2 Upon checking, because the UE 2 is allocated uplink radio resources at the fourth sub-frame for a length of two sub-frames, as shown in FIG. 5 , the UE 2 uses the allocated uplink radio resources during two sub-frames, as shown in FIG. 6 . The UE 2 may confirm that no resource is allocated to the UE 2 at the fifth sub-frame.
  • the base station may inform the terminals about a next scheduling time. During this period, the terminals do not check the scheduling information.
  • the scheduling time may instruct the terminals to check a certain sub-frame or inform when (i.e., after how many sub-frames) the scheduling information should be checked.
  • allocation of radio resources to the terminal during each sub-frame may not be necessary.
  • a method for allocating two frequency bands every two sub-frames can be used.
  • the base station may transmit the radio resources at even numbered sub-frames among the 10 sub-frames, and allocate two frequency bands at every even-numbered sub-frame. Accordingly, the terminal uses radio resources at an average of one frequency band per sub-frame.
  • the base station may inform the terminal about a transmission-allowed process and a transmission-not-allowed process.
  • the base station may inform the terminal about the processes at an initial stage of a call, whenever a channel is set, or whenever the base station transmits the scheduling information to the terminal.
  • the terminal uses the radio resources at the sub-frame corresponding to the process set for using the radio resources. For example, if the total number of processes of the terminal is 6, a first process is used at a first sub-frame, a second process is used at a second sub-frame, a third process is used at a third sub-frame, and so forth until a sixth process is used at a sixth sub-frame. Afterwards, for subsequent sub-frames, the order of processes reverts back to the beginning, such that the first process is used at a seventh sub-frame, and so on.
  • the base station determines that the terminal can use radio resources at processes 1 , 3 and 5 , and a first frequency band is allocated to the terminal at a first sub-frame for 30 sub-frames.
  • the terminal uses the radio resources only during a time interval at which the processes allowed to be used are activated.
  • the terminal may use the radio resources during the sub-frames 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , . . . etc., and does not use the radio resources during the other intervals.
  • the scheduling information is not used for transmitting actual user data, and therefore may be considered as overhead.
  • a method for reducing an amount of scheduling information is desirable.
  • the scheduling information can be expressed in a simpler manner. For this purpose, a bitmap-type scheduling information configuration method may be used.
  • the base station may inform each terminal about an interval during which scheduling information is transmitted, a time point at which the scheduling information is transmitted, and a location of resource allocation information for the terminal at the time point. Accordingly, the terminal may read the scheduling information during the corresponding interval and time point, and specifically reads a portion of the scheduling information corresponding to the terminal.
  • the terminal receives data or transmits uplink data using the allocated resources. If no radio resources are allocated, the terminal waits to receive the next transmission of scheduling information.
  • the location of the resource allocation information for the terminal indicates which bits correspond to the terminal among a plurality of bits in a bit stream.
  • the radio resources allocated to the terminal may be radio resources fixedly designated at an initial stage of setting a call or at a middle stage of the call.
  • a first terminal is allocated a first position
  • a second terminal is allocated a second position
  • a third terminal is allocated a third position
  • a fourth terminal is allocated a fourth position, for example.
  • scheduled user information received during a particular sub-frame is 0011
  • no radio resources are allocated to the first and second terminals, but radio resources are allocated to the third and fourth terminals.
  • several methods may exist for informing the terminal about the allocated resources from the base station.
  • the base station informs each terminal of information regarding the actually allocated radio resources after transmitting scheduled user information.
  • the information regarding allocated radio resources follow the order of terminals known to have been allocated radio resources.
  • the first radio resource allocation information corresponds to the third terminal and the second radio resource allocation information corresponds to the fourth terminal.
  • the base station may combine several sub-frames and provide information regarding which terminals are allocated radio resources to the sub-frames at an initial stage of the sub-frames.
  • Several sub-frames may be grouped to a single hyper frame, and the information regarding which terminals are allocated radio resources during the hyper frame are provided at the first sub-frame of the hyper frame.
  • the terminals read the first sub-frame of hyper frame to check if the information (e.g., a list) regarding which terminals are allocated radio resources include their identifiers, respectively. If the first sub-frame of hyper frame includes their respective identifiers, the terminals receive the following sub-frames. If the first sub-frame of hyper frame does not include their respective identifiers, the terminals wait for a first sub-frame of next hyper frame, or transmission of information regarding which terminals are allocated radio resources. To provide the information (or list) regarding which terminals are allocated radio resources in the hyper frame, the aforementioned bitmap method may be used.
  • the terminal transmits the scheduling-related information to the base station.
  • this can contribute to some waste of radio resources and some undesirable consumption of terminal power.
  • the base station is loaded will be considered.
  • data for a first service has reached a first terminal from an upper layer.
  • the first terminal would transmit scheduling-related information to the base station to be allocated radio resources.
  • other terminals may want to transmit data.
  • the base station would preferentially allocate radio resources to the service with the priority level higher than the first service.
  • this disclosure provides a method for effectively transmitting the scheduling-related information to the base station while preventing (or minimizing) the waste of the radio resources.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a method for transmitting scheduling-related information to a base station in accordance with one embodiment.
  • a terminal transmits scheduling-related information to a base station (S 20 ).
  • the base station transmits an acknowledgment (ACK) with respect to the scheduling-related information (S 21 ).
  • the terminal waits for an allocation of radio resources from the base station. If the terminal fails to receive an allocation of radio resources from the base station after a predetermined time has elapsed (S 22 ), the terminal re-transmits the scheduling-related information to the base station (S 23 ).
  • the scheduling-related information may be transmitted through a synchronized random access channel.
  • the terminal informs the base station about its access through the synchronized random access channel and transmits scheduling-related information using radio resources allocated by the base station.
  • the terminal may also inform the base station that the terminal requires radio resources.
  • the terminal may use one or more fields for its identifier and other fields for transmitting the scheduling-related information.
  • the time the terminal waits prior to re-transmitting the scheduling-related information may be established by the base station.
  • the base station may inform the terminal about the standby time individually or designate a standby time for each channel.
  • Stand-by time information may be transmitted to terminals through system information. So, the UE has to wait at least during the time indicated by the time information after sending scheduling related information.
  • the base station may transmit information for controlling a transmission of the scheduling-related information to the terminal (S 24 ).
  • the information for controlling transmission of the scheduling-related information may inform when the terminal can re-transmit the scheduling-related information.
  • the information for controlling transmission of the scheduling information may provide at least one of an amount of time during which the terminal should wait prior to re-transmitting the scheduling-related information, a time when the base station can provide radio resources to the terminal, and a time when the base station can provide the radio resource allocation information regarding the terminal to the terminal.
  • the terminal receives the information for controlling transmission of the scheduling-related information from the base station, the terminal does not transmit the scheduling-related information during a predetermined time according to the received information.
  • the UE may transmit scheduling related information.
  • the base station may have some difficulty detecting the signals of the terminals. Therefore, the efficiency of the random access channel may deteriorate.
  • the random access channel that can be used by each terminal may be divided.
  • the base station informs the UEs about which random access channel is allowed to be used by which UE. Therefore, the terminal may use its allocated random access channel when needed.
  • the base station may divide the random access into a certain number and the terminals use the random access channel at an interval identical to their identifier, respectively. For example, when the base station divides the random access channel into four parts, resources of a first random access channel can be used by terminals having a remainder of 0 when dividing the identifiers of the terminals by 4.
  • resources of a second random access channel can be used by terminals having a remainder of 1 when dividing the identifiers of the terminals by 4.
  • the resources of the random access channel can be divided by time or frequency band, and is not limited to the above-described scheme.
  • the resources of the random access channel can be allocated by terminals.
  • a synchronous random access channel has a larger amount of information that can be transferred or detected compared to an asynchronous random access channel.
  • the base station allocating a specific signature sequence to each terminal would have the same effect as allocating resources of the random access channel to each terminal.
  • the base station may allocate resources of the synchronous random access channel to each terminal.
  • the terminal uses the resources of the synchronous random access channel allocated to each terminal.
  • the base station recognizes the transmission through the random access channel as a request for allocating radio resources. If necessary, the base station allocates radio resources to the terminal.
  • various resources of the synchronous random access channel can be allocated to each terminal, and for example, a specific signature sequence can be allocated to each terminal or to each logical channel for UEs.
  • the present disclosure provides a method for allowing the terminal to effectively and quickly transmit scheduling-related information to the base station and the base station to effectively and quickly transmit scheduling information to the terminal. Accordingly, more terminals can be guaranteed a fast data transmission.
  • the present disclosure is described in the context of mobile communications, the features of this disclosure may also be used in any wireless communication systems using mobile devices, such as PDAs and laptop computers equipped with wireless communication capabilities. Moreover, the use of certain terms to describe the features of this disclosure should not limit the scope to certain type of wireless communication system, such as UMTS. The present teachings are also applicable to other wireless communication systems using different air interfaces and/or physical layers, for example, TDMA, CDMA, FDMA, WCDMA, etc.
  • the exemplary embodiments may be implemented as a method, apparatus or article of manufacture using standard programming and/or engineering techniques to produce software, firmware, hardware, or any combination thereof.
  • article of manufacture refers to code or logic implemented in hardware logic (e.g., an integrated circuit chip, Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), etc.) or a computer readable medium (e.g., magnetic storage medium (e.g., hard disk drives, floppy disks, tape, etc.), optical storage (CD-ROMs, optical disks, etc.), volatile and non-volatile memory devices (e.g., EEPROMs, ROMs, PROMs, RAMs, DRAMs, SRAMs, firmware, programmable logic, etc.).
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • Code in the computer readable medium is accessed and executed by a processor.
  • the code in which the exemplary embodiments are implemented may further be accessible through a transmission media or from a file server over a network.
  • the article of manufacture in which the code is implemented may comprise a transmission media, such as a network transmission line, wireless transmission media, signals propagating through space, radio waves, infrared signals, etc.
  • a transmission media such as a network transmission line, wireless transmission media, signals propagating through space, radio waves, infrared signals, etc.

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US12/160,095 US8112091B2 (en) 2006-01-05 2007-01-05 Allocating radio resources in mobile communications system
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US20080305819A1 (en) 2008-12-11
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