US6689206B2 - Process for producing yellow iron oxide pigments - Google Patents
Process for producing yellow iron oxide pigments Download PDFInfo
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- US6689206B2 US6689206B2 US09/945,423 US94542301A US6689206B2 US 6689206 B2 US6689206 B2 US 6689206B2 US 94542301 A US94542301 A US 94542301A US 6689206 B2 US6689206 B2 US 6689206B2
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- oxidation
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000001034 iron oxide pigment Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 229910021577 Iron(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron dichloride Chemical class Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910006540 α-FeOOH Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 57
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical class [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021506 iron(II) hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 27
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 12
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical class [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910002588 FeOOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005282 brightening Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001139 pH measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910003153 β-FeOOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001047 Hard ferrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001035 Soft ferrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001860 alkaline earth metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 alkaline-earth metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910021502 aluminium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001679 gibbsite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WTFXARWRTYJXII-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] WTFXARWRTYJXII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FLTRNWIFKITPIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Fe] FLTRNWIFKITPIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006400 oxidative hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical class OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011403 purification operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001052 yellow pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003145 α-Fe2O3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G49/00—Compounds of iron
- C01G49/02—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C01G49/06—Ferric oxide [Fe2O3]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/22—Compounds of iron
- C09C1/24—Oxides of iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/60—Compounds characterised by their crystallite size
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/64—Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/60—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values
- C01P2006/62—L* (lightness axis)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/60—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values
- C01P2006/63—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values a* (red-green axis)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/60—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values
- C01P2006/64—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values b* (yellow-blue axis)
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for producing yellow iron oxide pigments from iron(II) chloride and an alkaline component by the precipitation process, wherein after addition of the ⁇ -FeOOH nucleus to the preprecipitated FeCl 2 the pH is 3 to 7.
- the production of yellow iron oxide pigments by the precipitation process has been known for a long time.
- the typical course of this process is described, for example, in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 5 th Ed., Vol. A20, p. 297 ff.
- the raw material generally used is iron(II) sulfate obtained during the pickling of steel sheets, or iron(II) sulfate formed during the production of titanium dioxide by the sulfate process.
- Large quantities of FeCl 2 are also obtained in the manufacture of synthetic rutile for the production of TiO 2 .
- an object of the present invention was the conversion of iron chloride into a high-grade useful material.
- ⁇ -FeOOH yellow iron oxide
- ⁇ -FeOOH yellow iron oxide
- the precipitation process DE-A 2 455 1548 or by the Penniman process (U.S. Pat. Nos. 1,368,748, 1,327,061).
- a nucleus is first of all produced, onto which, in a further step, additional ⁇ -FeOOH is allowed to grow relatively slowly.
- FeCl 2 is usually not isolated as crystalline material, because its solubility in water is significantly higher than that of FeSO 4 . It is therefore in many cases more highly contaminated than FeSO 4 , which is in fact purified by the crystallization step.
- the FeCl 2 solution frequently contains organic constituents, which can greatly influence the crystallization process.
- iron(II) chloride solutions from steel pickling and from TiO 2 production frequently contain interfering quantities of cations of higher valency (for example, Ti, Cr, Al, V, Si), these have to be removed by precipitation using an alkaline component (EP-A 0 911 370).
- the resulting iron chloride has a pH of between 2 and 4.
- the nucleus In order for the FeCl 2 from steel pickling to be usable, the nucleus has to be produced by the “alkali process” (U.S. Pat. No. 2,558,304). If one now proceeds with an “alkaline” yellow nucleus in accordance with the known process for pigment formation, where preprecipitated FeCl 2 is used, the addition of the nucleus to the iron(II) chloride produces a pH of 5-7, which at temperatures of above 50° C. leads to unwanted black magnetite.
- it is an object of the present invention was to find a process whereby yellow iron oxide pigment can be produced from preprecipitated FeCl 2 and from a nucleus produced by the alkali process.
- the invention relates to a process for producing a yellow iron oxide pigments comprising the steps of
- the Fe concentration of the FeCl 2 is between 70 and 220 g/l
- the Fe(III) content of the FeCl 2 is less than 8 mol % Fe(III),
- the temperature is 20 to 45° C.
- the rate of oxidation in the first oxidation step is 0.5 to 10 mol % Fe(III) formed per hour
- the pH (measured in suspension at 30° C.) at which the first oxidation step is ends is between 1.5 and 3.0
- the temperature is 55 to 85° C.
- the pH is increased at a rate of 0.05 to 1.0 pH/h by continuous addition of an alkaline component
- the rate of oxidation in the second oxidation step is 0.2 to 10 mol % Fe(III) formed per hour
- the rate of circulation of the suspension during the reaction is between 1 and 15 times per hour.
- the invention preferably relates to a process where the following parameters can be adjusted:
- the Fe concentration of the iron component used is between 85 and 130 g/l
- the Fe(III) content of the Fe component used is 0.1 to 2.5 mol % Fe(III),
- the temperature in the first oxidation step is 30 to 40° C.
- the rate of oxidation in the first oxidation step is 4 to 7 mol % Fe(III) formed per hour
- the pH (measured in suspension at 30° C.) at which the first oxidation step is carried out is between 2.4 and 2.8
- the temperature in the second oxidation step is 60 to 75° C.
- the pH in the second oxidation step is increased at a rate of 0.1 to 0.8 pH/h, by continuous addition of an alkaline component
- the rate of oxidation in the second oxidation step is 0.4 to 4 mol % Fe(III) formed per hour
- the rate of circulation of the suspension during the reaction is 1 and 3 times per hour.
- the process according to the invention can contain the following steps:
- Sodium hydroxide solution is added, with intensive stirring, to an iron(II) chloride solution with an FeCl 2 content of between 50 and 450 g/l, in a quantity sufficient to establish a pH of 3 to 5.
- other alkaline components can be used including Ca(OH) 2 , Na 2 CO 3 or ammonia.
- the sedimentation behavior of the accumulating hydroxide slurry or carbonate slurry can be improved by the addition of a flocculation aid. Suitable flocculation aids include the known polyacrylates or other similarly acting substances. Sedimentation behavior may optionally be improved by a subsequent oxidation, resulting in the conversion of various metal cations into oxides or oxyhydroxides of higher valency, which are more easily separable.
- the hydroxide slurry can be removed by sedimentation, filtration or separation using a separator, the selection of the suitable apparatus or of the suitable method depending on the exact experimental conditions, the flow rates and the raw materials used.
- the concentration of the alkaline component is 3-15 equivalents per liter (based on the stoichiometry of the reaction for the nucleus formation).
- the quantity of alkaline precipitating agent is between 120 and 350% of the stoichiometry; preferably 150 to 250% of the required stoichiometry.
- the precipitation is carried out at temperatures between 30° C. and 60° C., preferably 34° C. to 47° C.
- the subsequent oxidation takes place at a rate of 5 to 50 mol % Fe(III)/h, preferably 15 to 30 mol % Fe(III)/h.
- the nucleus obtained, after examination (particle size) is used for pigment production without further isolation.
- Batch-operated stirred-tank reactors, reactors with emitters (two-component nozzles, liquid, gas) loop reactors or bubble columns are particularly suitable for pigment formation.
- the alkaline nucleus is pumped over a period of 10 to 120 minutes into a solution of an Fe(II) component with an Fe content of 70 to 220 g/l Fe, preferably 85 to 130 g/l Fe.
- an Fe(II) component with an Fe content of 70 to 220 g/l Fe, preferably 85 to 130 g/l Fe.
- excess alkaline component in the nucleus and pH of the Fe component used a pH of between 3 and 7 (measured at 30° C.) is established.
- Preferably preprecipitated FeCl 2 having a pH of 2 to 4 is used.
- the mixture is heated to the first oxidation temperature of 20 to 45° C., preferably 30 to 40° C.
- Oxidation is then carried out using an oxidizing agent at a rate of 0.5 to 10 mol %/h Fe(III) formed, preferably 4 to 7 mol %/h.
- This step is continued until all the Fe(OH) 2 formed by the mixing together of the alkaline yellow nucleus and the Fe component has been oxidized to ⁇ -FeOOH, which is the case at a pH of 1.5 to 3.0.
- This is followed by heating to a temperature of 55° C. to 85° C., preferably 60° C. to 75° C.
- the pH is increased at a rate of 0.05 to 1.0 pH/h, preferably 0.1 to 0.8 pH/h, by means of continuous addition of an alkaline precipitating agent.
- an oxidizing agent is added continuously at a speed such that the rate of oxidation is between 0.2 and 10 mol %, preferably between 0.4 and 4 mol %, of Fe(III) formed per hour.
- the pH is raised no further than pH 2.4 to 5.2, preferably pH 2.8 to 4.2, and the pH is then maintained at this value until the end of the reaction.
- the rate of circulation throughout the entire reaction is between 1 and 15 times the final volume of the reaction.
- Oxidizing agents which can be used, include:
- the oxidation is concluded as soon as the Fe(II) content of the suspension is less than 1 mol %. A further oxidation to 100% conversion is of less use economically, but can definitely be achieved.
- Suitable alkaline components include:
- ammonia (as solution or gas)
- Sparingly soluble compounds for example, MgCO 3
- MgCO 3 Sparingly soluble compounds
- iron(II) chloride may be partially replaced by iron(II) sulfate or by another economical source of Fe. But the preferred embodiment is the exclusive use of iron(II) chloride.
- iron(III) chloride obtained during the production of TiO 2 by the chloride process to iron(II) chloride by means of metallic iron.
- This iron(II) chloride solution can then be subjected to the purification by preprecipitation described above.
- the yellow iron oxide pigment obtained is particularly suitable for coloring plastics or paper, or for the production of emulsion paints or other coatings and paints.
- the pigment can be isolated from the pigment suspension by the known steps of filtration, drying and grinding.
- the FeCl 2 solution obtained had the following properties:
- the FeCl 2 solution obtained had the following properties:
- the FeCl 2 solution used had the following properties:
- the alkaline yellow nucleus obtained had the following properties:
- the quantity of NaOH was thus 150% of the stoichiometry.
- the solution was aerated with 100 Nl/h of air.
- the oxidation time was 225 minutes, which corresponds to a rate of oxidation of 26.7 mol % Fe(III)/h.
- the alkaline yellow nucleus obtained had the following properties:
- Example 5 The procedure was as indicated in Example 5, but precipitation took place at a temperature of 44° C.
- the oxidation time was 217 minutes, which corresponds to a rate of oxidation of 27.6 mol % Fe(III)/h.
- the alkaline yellow nucleus obtained had the following properties:
- Example 5 The procedure was as indicated in Example 5, but an FeCl 2 which had not been preprecipitated was used, as described in Example 3.
- the oxidation time was 226 minutes, which corresponds to a rate of oxidation of 26.7 mol % Fe(III)/h.
- the alkaline yellow nucleus obtained had the following properties:
- the rate of oxidation in the first oxidation step was 5.6 mol % Fe(III) formed per hour.
- the mixture was then heated to 60° C. and the second oxidation step was started with 36 Nl/h air.
- the pH increased at a rate of 0.2 pH/h; the end point of the rise in pH was pH 3.4.
- the pH was maintained constant at 3.4+/ ⁇ 0.2 by means of sodium hydroxide solution.
- the rate of oxidation in the second oxidation step was 0.47 mol % Fe(III) formed per hour.
- the duration of the second oxidation step was 2140 minutes.
- the circulation performance of the stirrer based on the final volume of 22 liters, was 13.6 per hour. During the oxidation, samples were withdrawn, filtered, washed and dried and their tristimulus values determined.
- Rate of oxidation of second oxidation step 0.42 mol % Fe(III)/h.
- Example 8 The procedure here was as in Example 8, but the yellow nucleus from Example 4 was used. The FeCl 2 described in Example 1 was used. The differences from Example 8 are shown in the following Table. Conditions of measurement and other conditions were as described in Example 8.
- Quantity of nucleus 2.0 mol Quantity of FeCl 2 : 18.8 mol pH prior to first oxidation: 5.5 Temperature of first oxidation: 35° C. Rate of first oxidation: 5.2 mol % Fe(III)/h pH after first oxidation: 2.2 Quantity of air in 2nd oxidation: 12 NI/h Temperature of 2nd oxidation: 75° C. Rate of 2nd oxidation: 3.6 mol % Fe(III)/h
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Compounds Of Iron (AREA)
- Pigments, Carbon Blacks, Or Wood Stains (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE10044398.2 | 2000-09-08 | ||
DE10044398A DE10044398A1 (de) | 2000-09-08 | 2000-09-08 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Eisenoxidgelbpigmenten |
DE10044398 | 2000-09-08 | ||
DE10050682A DE10050682A1 (de) | 2000-09-08 | 2000-10-13 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Eisenoxidpigmenten |
DE10050682.8 | 2000-10-13 | ||
DE10050682 | 2000-10-13 |
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US20020088374A1 US20020088374A1 (en) | 2002-07-11 |
US6689206B2 true US6689206B2 (en) | 2004-02-10 |
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US09/945,423 Expired - Fee Related US6689206B2 (en) | 2000-09-08 | 2001-08-31 | Process for producing yellow iron oxide pigments |
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US (1) | US6689206B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1339803B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2004509043A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE282670T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2001293790A1 (de) |
BR (1) | BR0113729A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2421290A1 (de) |
DE (3) | DE10044398A1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK1339803T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2233692T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2002020675A1 (de) |
Cited By (11)
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US20050282219A1 (en) * | 2002-11-06 | 2005-12-22 | Prober James M | Microparticle-based methods and systems and applications thereof |
US20060048828A1 (en) * | 2004-09-03 | 2006-03-09 | Ranco Incorporated Of Delaware | Reversing valve with flowsplitter |
US20070261604A1 (en) * | 2006-05-13 | 2007-11-15 | Carsten Rosenhahn | Yellow iron oxide pigments |
US20070277703A1 (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2007-12-06 | Iop Specialists Sdn. Bhd. | Iron oxide pigments from mill scale |
US20080110371A1 (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2008-05-15 | Sun Chemical Corporation | Security pigments and the process of making thereof |
US20080110372A1 (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2008-05-15 | Hollman Aaron M | Multi-Colored Lustrous Pearlescent Pigments and Process for Making |
US20080118452A1 (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2008-05-22 | Hollman Aaron M | Cosmetic Comprising Multi-Colored Lustrous Pearlescent Pigments |
US20080124575A1 (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2008-05-29 | Hollman Aaron M | Coating, Ink, or Article Comprising Multi-Colored Lustrous Pearlescent Pigments |
US7399454B2 (en) | 2004-04-29 | 2008-07-15 | Metalox International, Llc | Metallurgical dust reclamation process |
US20090208436A1 (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2009-08-20 | Aaron Hollman | Orange pearlescent pigments |
US8349067B2 (en) | 2006-11-09 | 2013-01-08 | Sun Chemical Corp. | Multi-colored lustrous pearlescent pigments |
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DE10010940A1 (de) * | 2000-03-06 | 2001-09-13 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Eisenoxid und seine Verwendung |
EP1512726B1 (de) * | 2003-09-03 | 2015-10-14 | LANXESS Deutschland GmbH | Verfahren zur herstellung von eisenoxidgelbpigmenten mit caco3 als fällungsmittel |
MX2007000357A (es) * | 2004-06-27 | 2008-03-13 | Joma Chemical As | Metodo para producir nanoparticulas de oxido de hierro. |
US20090185992A1 (en) * | 2008-01-18 | 2009-07-23 | Christelle Conan | Process for producing iron oxide coated pearlescent pigments |
CN104973623B (zh) * | 2015-06-24 | 2016-06-01 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司华中分公司 | 一种利用废弃烟气脱硝催化剂制备颜料的方法 |
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CN107265511B (zh) * | 2017-06-26 | 2018-11-20 | 杭州金丰环保科技有限公司 | 一种生产氧化铁黄的方法 |
CN110228823B (zh) * | 2019-07-03 | 2021-09-07 | 正太新材料科技有限责任公司 | 一种氧化铁黄及其制备方法以及氧化铁红及其制备方法 |
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- 2000-09-08 DE DE10044398A patent/DE10044398A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-10-13 DE DE10050682A patent/DE10050682A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-08-30 AT AT01974219T patent/ATE282670T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-08-30 ES ES01974219T patent/ES2233692T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-08-30 WO PCT/EP2001/009981 patent/WO2002020675A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2001-08-30 DE DE50104567T patent/DE50104567D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-08-30 BR BR0113729-8A patent/BR0113729A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-08-30 CA CA002421290A patent/CA2421290A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-08-30 DK DK01974219T patent/DK1339803T3/da active
- 2001-08-30 EP EP01974219A patent/EP1339803B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-08-30 JP JP2002525685A patent/JP2004509043A/ja active Pending
- 2001-08-30 AU AU2001293790A patent/AU2001293790A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-08-31 US US09/945,423 patent/US6689206B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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US1368748A (en) | 1920-01-05 | 1921-02-15 | Nat Ferrite Company | Process of manufacturing iron compounds and product |
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GB1445288A (en) | 1973-11-21 | 1976-08-11 | Tdk Electronics Co Ltd | Process for producing goethite |
US4459276A (en) * | 1981-09-17 | 1984-07-10 | Agency Of Industrial Science & Technology | Yellow iron oxide pigment and method for manufacture thereof |
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US5916360A (en) * | 1996-12-19 | 1999-06-29 | Bayer Ag | Process for the preparation of iron oxide yellow pigments and the use thereof |
US6027559A (en) * | 1997-06-23 | 2000-02-22 | Toda Kogyo Corporation | Yellow iron oxide hydroxide particles and process for producing the same |
US6042642A (en) | 1997-10-20 | 2000-03-28 | Bayer Ag | Iron oxide yellow pigments, a method of producing iron oxide yellow pigments and the use thereof |
US6179908B1 (en) | 1997-10-20 | 2001-01-30 | Bayer Ag | Iron oxide red pigments, process for the production of iron oxide red pigments and use thereof |
Cited By (19)
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US20050282219A1 (en) * | 2002-11-06 | 2005-12-22 | Prober James M | Microparticle-based methods and systems and applications thereof |
US7399454B2 (en) | 2004-04-29 | 2008-07-15 | Metalox International, Llc | Metallurgical dust reclamation process |
US20060048828A1 (en) * | 2004-09-03 | 2006-03-09 | Ranco Incorporated Of Delaware | Reversing valve with flowsplitter |
US20070261604A1 (en) * | 2006-05-13 | 2007-11-15 | Carsten Rosenhahn | Yellow iron oxide pigments |
US20070277703A1 (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2007-12-06 | Iop Specialists Sdn. Bhd. | Iron oxide pigments from mill scale |
US7347893B2 (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2008-03-25 | Iop Specialists Sdn. Bhd. | Iron oxide pigments from mill scale |
US20080124575A1 (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2008-05-29 | Hollman Aaron M | Coating, Ink, or Article Comprising Multi-Colored Lustrous Pearlescent Pigments |
US20080118452A1 (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2008-05-22 | Hollman Aaron M | Cosmetic Comprising Multi-Colored Lustrous Pearlescent Pigments |
US20080110372A1 (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2008-05-15 | Hollman Aaron M | Multi-Colored Lustrous Pearlescent Pigments and Process for Making |
US20080110371A1 (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2008-05-15 | Sun Chemical Corporation | Security pigments and the process of making thereof |
US20090038514A2 (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2009-02-12 | Sun Chemical Corporation | Multi-Colored Lustrous Pearlescent Pigments |
US20090208436A1 (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2009-08-20 | Aaron Hollman | Orange pearlescent pigments |
US7850775B2 (en) | 2006-11-09 | 2010-12-14 | Sun Chemical Corporation | Multi-colored lustrous pearlescent pigments |
US8211224B2 (en) | 2006-11-09 | 2012-07-03 | Sun Chemical Corp. | Multi-colored lustrous pearlescent pigments and process for making |
US8221536B2 (en) | 2006-11-09 | 2012-07-17 | Sun Chemical Corp. | Cosmetic comprising multi-colored lustrous pearlescent pigments |
US8323396B2 (en) | 2006-11-09 | 2012-12-04 | Sun Chemical Corp. | Orange pearlescent pigments |
US8349067B2 (en) | 2006-11-09 | 2013-01-08 | Sun Chemical Corp. | Multi-colored lustrous pearlescent pigments |
US8486189B2 (en) | 2006-11-09 | 2013-07-16 | Sun Chemical Corporation | Cosmetic comprising multi-colored lustrous pearlescent pigments |
US8906154B2 (en) | 2006-11-09 | 2014-12-09 | Sun Chemical Corporation | Coating, ink, or article comprising multi-colored lustrous pearlescent pigments |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2233692T3 (es) | 2005-06-16 |
DE50104567D1 (de) | 2004-12-23 |
US20020088374A1 (en) | 2002-07-11 |
WO2002020675A1 (de) | 2002-03-14 |
EP1339803A1 (de) | 2003-09-03 |
EP1339803B1 (de) | 2004-11-17 |
CA2421290A1 (en) | 2003-03-05 |
AU2001293790A1 (en) | 2002-03-22 |
JP2004509043A (ja) | 2004-03-25 |
BR0113729A (pt) | 2003-07-22 |
DE10050682A1 (de) | 2002-04-18 |
DK1339803T3 (da) | 2005-01-24 |
DE10044398A1 (de) | 2002-03-21 |
ATE282670T1 (de) | 2004-12-15 |
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