US6594038B1 - Image reading apparatus and processing method of an image signal - Google Patents

Image reading apparatus and processing method of an image signal Download PDF

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Publication number
US6594038B1
US6594038B1 US09/262,642 US26264299A US6594038B1 US 6594038 B1 US6594038 B1 US 6594038B1 US 26264299 A US26264299 A US 26264299A US 6594038 B1 US6594038 B1 US 6594038B1
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Prior art keywords
reading mode
image reading
image
signal data
photoelectric converter
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US09/262,642
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English (en)
Inventor
Hidetoshi Ikeda
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Panasonic Holdings Corp
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Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
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Assigned to MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. reassignment MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: IKEDA HIDETOSHI
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
    • H04N1/04—Scanning arrangements, i.e. arrangements for the displacement of active reading or reproducing elements relative to the original or reproducing medium, or vice versa
    • H04N1/0402—Scanning different formats; Scanning with different densities of dots per unit length, e.g. different numbers of dots per inch (dpi); Conversion of scanning standards
    • H04N1/0408—Different densities of dots per unit length
    • H04N1/0414—Different densities of dots per unit length in the sub scanning direction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
    • H04N1/04—Scanning arrangements, i.e. arrangements for the displacement of active reading or reproducing elements relative to the original or reproducing medium, or vice versa
    • H04N1/0402—Scanning different formats; Scanning with different densities of dots per unit length, e.g. different numbers of dots per inch (dpi); Conversion of scanning standards
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
    • H04N1/04—Scanning arrangements, i.e. arrangements for the displacement of active reading or reproducing elements relative to the original or reproducing medium, or vice versa
    • H04N1/0402—Scanning different formats; Scanning with different densities of dots per unit length, e.g. different numbers of dots per inch (dpi); Conversion of scanning standards
    • H04N1/042—Details of the method used
    • H04N1/0443—Varying the scanning velocity or position
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
    • H04N1/04—Scanning arrangements, i.e. arrangements for the displacement of active reading or reproducing elements relative to the original or reproducing medium, or vice versa
    • H04N1/0402—Scanning different formats; Scanning with different densities of dots per unit length, e.g. different numbers of dots per inch (dpi); Conversion of scanning standards
    • H04N1/042—Details of the method used
    • H04N1/0455—Details of the method used using a single set of scanning elements, e.g. the whole of and a part of an array respectively for different formats

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an image reading apparatus for reading an image on an original document, for use in facsimile equipment, a digital copier, a scanner or the like.
  • FIG. 10 A schematic structure of a conventional image scanning or reading apparatus is shown in FIG. 10 .
  • reference numeral 1 is an image reading apparatus
  • 2 is an original document
  • 3 is a glass platen
  • 4 is a carriage
  • 5 is a drive motor
  • 6 is a drive wire
  • 7 is a light source
  • 8 is a reflector
  • 9 is a lens
  • 10 is a CCD line sensor.
  • two scanning directions are used when reading the image, that is, a main scanning direction of scanning in the pixel line direction of the CCD line sensor 10 , and a subsidiary scanning direction along the movement of the carriage 4 .
  • the reading trace in the main scanning direction is only the portion of one pixel of the CCD line sensor 10 shown in the scan area S 1 at the main scanning side in FIG. 11 .
  • the reading trace S 2 in the subsidiary scanning direction is a range of two rows of the CCD line sensor 10 owing to the accumulation time of the CCD line sensor 10 .
  • the signal data of the CCD line sensor 10 entered in the processing circuit becomes the average of the signals from two rows of the sensor.
  • the image reading apparatus of the invention comprises
  • the operation of the image reading apparatus can be changed between an ordinary image reading mode and a subsidiary scanning fine reading mode according to the selection of the users of the apparatus.
  • the moving speed of the movable carriage predetermined for the resolution in the subsidiary scanning direction is determined by a central processing unit.
  • the moving speed of the movable carriage can be set to 1/n of the moving speed of the carriage in the ordinary image reading mode according to the selection of the users of the apparatus.
  • the reading signal data from the photoelectric converter of a line form is taken into the signal processing circuit in every 1/n times of the number of times of incorporating the signal data in the ordinary image reading mode.
  • the user of the image reading apparatus of the present invention is capable of setting the value of above-mentioned n arbitrarily.
  • the user can control the degree of fineness they need, and hence are capable of preventing deterioration of resolution in the subsidiary scanning direction by increasing the value of n.
  • the lowering of resolution in the subsidiary scanning direction can be prevented by decreasing the move average effect in the subsidiary scanning direction.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an electric system of an image reading apparatus in embodiment 1 of the invention.
  • FIG. 2A is a timing chart showing the operation of CCD line sensor in ordinary reading mode.
  • FIG. 2B is a timing chart showing the output data of CCD line sensor in ordinary reading mode.
  • FIG. 3A is a timing chart showing the operation of CCD line sensor in subsidiary scanning fine reading mode.
  • FIG. 3B is a timing chart showing the output data of CCD line sensor in subsidiary scanning fine reading mode.
  • FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of reading operation in subsidiary scanning direction.
  • FIG. 5A is a timing chart showing the operation of CCD line sensor in subsidiary scanning fine reading mode.
  • FIG. 5B is a timing chart showing the output data of CCD line sensor in subsidiary scanning fine reading mode.
  • FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of reading operation in subsidiary scanning direction.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing an electric system of an image reading apparatus in embodiment 3 of the invention.
  • FIG. 8A is a timing chart showing the control of light source in subsidiary scanning fine reading mode.
  • FIG. 8B is a timing chart showing the operation of CCD line sensor in subsidiary scanning fine reading mode.
  • FIG. 8C is a timing chart showing the output data of CCD line sensor in subsidiary scanning fine reading mode.
  • FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of reading operation in subsidiary scanning direction.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic construction of a conventional image reading apparatus.
  • FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of reading operation in subsidiary scanning direction in a prior art.
  • FIG. 12A is an image diagram showing an original image.
  • FIG. 12B is an image diagram showing a scan image of the image being read out by a conventional image reading apparatus.
  • the mechanical and optical constitution of the image reading apparatus according to a first embodiment of the invention is same as the conventional constitution shown in FIG. 10 .
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an electric system of the image reading apparatus of the embodiment.
  • an analog processing circuit 11 is provided for amplifying and holding the image signal obtained from a CCD line sensor 10 .
  • An A/D converter 12 converts the output of the analog processing circuit 11 into a digital image signal that is supplied to an image processing circuit for shading correction, filter correction, magnifying or reduction of the image signal.
  • An image processing memory 14 is provided for temporarily storing the image data when processing the image data.
  • An interface 15 is coupled to the image processing circuit 13 for exchanging data with external devices.
  • a timing generator 16 controls the operation of the CCD line sensor 10 , A/D converter 11 and image processing circuit 13 .
  • a control circuit or central processing unit (CPU) is provided for controlling the entire apparatus.
  • a memory 18 is used to store a control program of the CPU 17 and to act as a working memory for the CPU 17 .
  • a carriage drive controller 19 receives control signals from the CPU 17 to drive the carriage. It will be understood, however, that the CCD line sensor 10 can be maintained in a stationary position and the original document can be moved.
  • FIGS. 2A and B are timing charts showing the operation and output data of the CCD line sensor 10 in the ordinary reading mode.
  • FIGS. 3A and B are timing charts showing the operation and output data of the CCD line sensor 10 in the subsidiary scanning fine reading mode, and
  • FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of reading operation in the subsidiary scanning direction.
  • Explained below is a case of operating at resolution of 600 dpi in subsidiary scanning direction.
  • the moving speed of the carriage 19 is set by the CPU 17 according to the resolution in the subsidiary scanning direction to a predetermined value. For example, supposing the reading resolution is to be 600 dpi and the accumulation time of the CCD line sensor 10 (corresponding to the shutter time) is 8 ms, the moving speed of the carriage is set to be 5.25 mm/s.
  • FIG. 2 shows the timing of output signal in the ordinary reading mode.
  • the signals being read in the interval of t+ ⁇ t from t at the sampling timing of the CCD line sensor 10 are delivered by delay of one line as shown by the waveform of the CCD line sensor output data in FIG. 2 B. This operation is the same as in the case of the conventional image reading apparatus.
  • the accumulation time of the CCD line sensor 10 is the same with the conventional image reading process. But the output data of the CCD line sensor 10 is delivered for the portion of only one line out of the output data of four lines.
  • the meaning of delivering output data of the portion of only one line out of the output data of four lines is that only the output data is not used, not that the transfer clock is stopped while the output data of the CCD line sensor 10 is made.
  • FIG. 4 shows the reading traces of the CCD line sensor 10 in a reading operation on the original document 2 in the action as shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the reading trace in the main scanning direction corresponds to the width of one pixel of the CCD line sensor 10 as shown in scan area S 1 in FIG. 4 .
  • the reading trace in the subsidiary scanning direction is the trace of move of the carriage 4 in the period of accumulation time ⁇ t as shown in scan area S 2 at the subsidiary scanning direction in FIG. 4 .
  • the move averaging of the image data occurs also in subsidiary scanning of the present embodiment. But, the amount of output data responsible for move averaging is small as compared with the prior art, that is, only the portion of 1 ⁇ 4 pixel, and deterioration of resolution can therefore be decreased.
  • the transfer speed of the reading image data is lowered. Accordingly, by supplying a user command signal to the CPU 17 , the CPU 17 can select either the ordinary reading mode or the subsidiary scanning fine reading mode. The user can select the two reading modes depending on the intended use.
  • the output data of the CCD line sensor 10 is delivered once in every four times, and the moving speed of the carriage 4 is set to 1 ⁇ 4 of the ordinary reading mode, but generally by delivering the output data once in every n times to set the moving speed to 1/n of the ordinary mode, the resolution of the image reading may be enhanced. In this case, of course, the larger the value of n, the higher is the resolution.
  • the image transfer speed becomes slower in proportion to the value of n. Accordingly, by constituting the image reading apparatus so that the value of n can be freely set by the user depending on the desired resolution, the subsidiary scanning resolution and transfer speed can be selected according to the purpose of use of the user.
  • the user can select the ordinary reading mode and subsidiary scanning fine reading mode, and when the subsidiary scanning fine reading mode is selected, the subsidiary scanning resolution and transfer speed can be selected depending on the purpose of use of the user.
  • the image reading apparatus according to the second embodiment of the invention is similar to the image reading apparatus of the first embodiment, except that the timing generator 16 also has, in addition to the function described in the first embodiment, a function of freely setting the interval of accumulation time of the CCD line sensor 10 and the transfer clock frequency.
  • the accumulation time of the CCD line sensor 10 is 1 ⁇ 4 of the ordinary reading mode as shown in FIG. 5A, and the transfer clock frequency is the frequency of four times in the ordinary reading mode. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 5B, the output of the CCD line sensor 10 is delivered only once in every four times.
  • the moving speed of the carriage 4 in the subsidiary scanning fine reading mode is same as in the ordinary reading mode.
  • Reading traces of the CCD line sensor 10 in this embodiment are shown in FIG. 6 .
  • the reading trace in the main scanning direction corresponds to the width of one pixel of the CCD line sensor 10 as shown in scan area S 1 at the main scanning side in FIG. 6, same as in the first embodiment.
  • the reading trace in the subsidiary scanning direction is the trace of movement of the carriage 4 in the period of accumulation time 1 ⁇ 4 ⁇ t as shown in scan area S 2 at the subsidiary scanning side in FIG. 6 .
  • the move averaging of the image also occurs due to move of the carriage 4 , but the effect is only the portion of 1 ⁇ 4 pixel as compared with the move averaging by the conventional reading method.
  • the subsidiary scanning fine reading mode of the embodiment by setting the accumulation time of the CCD line sensor 10 to 1 ⁇ 4 of the ordinary reading mode and the transfer clock frequency to the frequency of four times of the ordinary reading mode, deterioration of resolution in the subsidiary scanning direction can be curtailed.
  • the accumulation time of the CCD line sensor is shorter, it is predicted that the S/N of the output signal of the CCD line sensor may be lowered. Accordingly, by specifying when it is designed to select either the ordinary reading mode or the subsidiary scanning fine reading mode as shown in FIG. 5, the user can select either the mode for putting emphasis on the S/N, or the mode for putting emphasis on the resolution in the subsidiary scanning direction.
  • the accumulation time of the CCD line sensor 10 is 1 ⁇ 4, the transfer clock frequency is 4 times, and the output signal from the CCD line sensor 10 is delivered once in every four times, but generally when the accumulation time of the CCD line sensor 10 is 1/n, the transfer clock frequency is n times, and the output signal from the CCD line sensor 10 is delivered once in every n times, as the value of n is larger, the resolution in the subsidiary scanning direction is improved. On the other hand, as the value of n is larger, the S/N of the output signal from the CCD line sensor 10 is lowered.
  • the user since the user can freely set the value of n, the user can select, depending on the purpose of use, the subsidiary scanning resolution and the S/N of the output signal from the CCD line sensor 10 , that is, the gradation of the image.
  • the user can select the ordinary reading mode and subsidiary scanning fine reading mode, and further when the subsidiary scanning fine reading mode is selected, the subsidiary scanning resolution and image gradation can be selected depending on the purpose of use of the user.
  • the image reading apparatus of the third embodiment of the invention is similar to the image reading apparatus of the first embodiment, except that it further includes a light source quantity controller 20 for adjusting the quantity of light of the light source lamp by the command from the central processing unit as shown in FIG. 7 .
  • a light source quantity controller 20 for adjusting the quantity of light of the light source lamp by the command from the central processing unit as shown in FIG. 7 .
  • the operation is described below while referring to FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 .
  • the operation in the ordinary reading mode is same as in the first embodiment and hence its explanation is omitted.
  • the light source lamp always lit in the ordinary reading mode is designed to be lit only for the time of 1 ⁇ 4 of the accumulation time of the CCD line sensor 10 . That is, in this embodiment, in the subsidiary scanning fine reading mode, the moving speed of the carriage is not changed, and the light source lamp is designed to be lit only for the time of 1 ⁇ 4 of the accumulation time of the CCD line sensor 10 by the light source quantity controller 20 .
  • FIG. 9 shows the reading traces of image reading operation in the image reading apparatus of the embodiment.
  • the reading trace in the main scanning direction corresponds to the width of one pixel of the CCD line sensor 10 as shown in scan area S 1 at the main scanning side in FIG. 9, same as in embodiment 1.
  • the reading trace in the subsidiary scanning direction is the trace of move of the carriage 4 in the period of accumulation time ⁇ t as shown in scan area S 2 in FIG. 9 .
  • the image move averaging occurs due to movement of the carriage 4 , but in this embodiment, since the lighting time of the light source lamp is only 1 ⁇ 4 ⁇ t, and the output of the CCD line sensor 10 is delivered only once in every four times, the image signal issued from the CCD line sensor 10 is only the portion delivered from the area of 1 ⁇ 4 of the scan area, and therefore deterioration of resolution in the subsidiary scanning direction is decreased.
  • the lighting time of the light source lamp is shorter, it is predicted that the S/N of the image signal delivered from the CCD line sensor 10 may be lowered. Accordingly, by specifying in the host computer, when it is designed to select either the ordinary reading mode or the subsidiary scanning fine reading mode as shown in FIG. 5, the user can select either the mode for putting emphasis on the S/N, or the mode for putting emphasis on the resolution in the subsidiary scanning direction.
  • the lighting time of the power source lamp is 1 ⁇ 4, but generally when the lighting time of the power source lamp is 1/n, as the value of n is larger, the resolution in the subsidiary scanning direction is improved. On the other hand, as the value of n is larger, the S/N of the output signal from the CCD line sensor 10 is lowered.
  • the user since the user can freely set the value of n, the user can select, depending on the purpose of use, the subsidiary scanning resolution and the S/N of the output signal from the CCD line sensor 10 , that is, the gradation of the image.
  • the user can select the ordinary reading mode and subsidiary scanning fine reading mode, and further when the subsidiary scanning fine reading mode is selected, the subsidiary scanning resolution and image gradation can be selected depending on the purpose of use of the user.

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US09/262,642 1998-03-05 1999-03-04 Image reading apparatus and processing method of an image signal Expired - Fee Related US6594038B1 (en)

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JP10-53231 1998-03-05
JP10053231A JPH11252320A (ja) 1998-03-05 1998-03-05 画像読み取り装置

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20010010554A1 (en) * 2000-01-31 2001-08-02 Olympus Optical Co. Ltd. Imaging apparatus capable of adding together signal charges from pixels and reading out the added pixel signals
US20040004177A1 (en) * 2002-07-08 2004-01-08 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Image reading apparatus
US6757419B1 (en) * 1999-09-01 2004-06-29 Ncr Corporation Imaging system
US20060126130A1 (en) * 2004-12-09 2006-06-15 Xerox Corporation Scanner illuminator systems and methods

Citations (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0399651A2 (fr) 1989-05-23 1990-11-28 Hewlett-Packard Company Dispositif et procédé pour le balayage d'images
EP0409875A1 (fr) * 1988-04-12 1991-01-30 Metronor As Procede et detecteur pour mesures d'angles opto-electroniques.
US5150227A (en) 1989-06-23 1992-09-22 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Apparatus for reading character or graphics image on document
EP0515088A1 (fr) 1991-05-22 1992-11-25 Hewlett-Packard Company Dispositif et méthode de contrôle de précision de positionnement dans la direction Y de balayage pour capteur d'image
US5221976A (en) 1991-05-03 1993-06-22 Xerox Corporation Hybrid slow scan resolution conversion
US5239392A (en) * 1988-05-10 1993-08-24 Minolta Camera Kabushiki Kaisha Reading apparatus
US5721626A (en) 1994-08-31 1998-02-24 Nikon Corporation Image reading device and method for correcting image exposure data
US5751444A (en) * 1995-12-18 1998-05-12 Adobe Systems Incorporated Imaging apparatus for copying bound documents
US6111666A (en) * 1995-04-12 2000-08-29 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Image reading device

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0409875A1 (fr) * 1988-04-12 1991-01-30 Metronor As Procede et detecteur pour mesures d'angles opto-electroniques.
US5239392A (en) * 1988-05-10 1993-08-24 Minolta Camera Kabushiki Kaisha Reading apparatus
EP0399651A2 (fr) 1989-05-23 1990-11-28 Hewlett-Packard Company Dispositif et procédé pour le balayage d'images
US5150227A (en) 1989-06-23 1992-09-22 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Apparatus for reading character or graphics image on document
US5221976A (en) 1991-05-03 1993-06-22 Xerox Corporation Hybrid slow scan resolution conversion
EP0515088A1 (fr) 1991-05-22 1992-11-25 Hewlett-Packard Company Dispositif et méthode de contrôle de précision de positionnement dans la direction Y de balayage pour capteur d'image
US5721626A (en) 1994-08-31 1998-02-24 Nikon Corporation Image reading device and method for correcting image exposure data
US6111666A (en) * 1995-04-12 2000-08-29 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Image reading device
US5751444A (en) * 1995-12-18 1998-05-12 Adobe Systems Incorporated Imaging apparatus for copying bound documents

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6757419B1 (en) * 1999-09-01 2004-06-29 Ncr Corporation Imaging system
US20010010554A1 (en) * 2000-01-31 2001-08-02 Olympus Optical Co. Ltd. Imaging apparatus capable of adding together signal charges from pixels and reading out the added pixel signals
US6930716B2 (en) * 2000-01-31 2005-08-16 Olympus Corporation Imaging apparatus capable of adding together signal charges from pixels and reading out the added pixel signals
US20040004177A1 (en) * 2002-07-08 2004-01-08 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Image reading apparatus
US6979809B2 (en) * 2002-07-08 2005-12-27 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Image reading apparatus
US20060126130A1 (en) * 2004-12-09 2006-06-15 Xerox Corporation Scanner illuminator systems and methods
US7545543B2 (en) 2004-12-09 2009-06-09 Xerox Corporation Scanner illuminator systems and methods

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Publication number Publication date
EP0940968A3 (fr) 2001-02-07
JPH11252320A (ja) 1999-09-17
EP0940968A2 (fr) 1999-09-08

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