US5912767A - Diffractive indicia for a surface - Google Patents

Diffractive indicia for a surface Download PDF

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Publication number
US5912767A
US5912767A US08/624,536 US62453696A US5912767A US 5912767 A US5912767 A US 5912767A US 62453696 A US62453696 A US 62453696A US 5912767 A US5912767 A US 5912767A
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United States
Prior art keywords
diffractive
indicia
different
elements
ink
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US08/624,536
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert Arthur Lee
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization CSIRO
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Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization CSIRO
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Publication of US5912767A publication Critical patent/US5912767A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44F—SPECIAL DESIGNS OR PICTURES
    • B44F1/00—Designs or pictures characterised by special or unusual light effects
    • B44F1/08—Designs or pictures characterised by special or unusual light effects characterised by colour effects
    • B44F1/14—Iridescent effects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M3/00—Printing processes to produce particular kinds of printed work, e.g. patterns
    • B41M3/12—Transfer pictures or the like, e.g. decalcomanias
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M3/00—Printing processes to produce particular kinds of printed work, e.g. patterns
    • B41M3/14—Security printing
    • B41M3/148—Transitory images, i.e. images only visible from certain viewing angles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/10—Applying flat materials, e.g. leaflets, pieces of fabrics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/16—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like
    • B44C1/165—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like for decalcomanias; sheet material therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/42—Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
    • G02B5/1828—Diffraction gratings having means for producing variable diffraction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
    • G03H1/024—Hologram nature or properties
    • G03H1/0244—Surface relief holograms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H2230/00—Form or shape of the hologram when not registered to the substrate
    • G03H2230/10—Microhologram not registered to the substrate
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S283/00—Printed matter
    • Y10S283/902—Anti-photocopy

Definitions

  • each diffractive element has a diffractive surface relief structure; the diffractive elements, when applied to the surface, are not separately resolvable to the human eye; and
  • Each colour on a multi-colour printer ribbon is analogous to one of the different types of optically variable diffractive elements on the transfer medium.
  • the optically variable elements can be "printed” onto a surface by means of a “print head” pressing a region of the transfer medium which has optically variable elements of the desired "colour” against the surface.
  • optically variable diffractive elements used in the transfer medium may have any of the characteristics of the elements used in the ink of the present invention as described above.
  • the optically variable diffractive elements may be attached to the substrate in any suitable manner.
  • One suitable manner is by use of an adhesive.
  • Another suitable manner is electrostatic attraction, or by a hot stamping process.
  • the diffractive indicia of the invention comprise a plurality of small separate diffractive elements 2, shown in FIG. 1 as being applied to a surface 1.
  • the diffractive indicia also comprise means for adhering diffractive elements 2 to surface 1.
  • Each diffractive element 2 has a diffractive surface relief structure. Examples of surface relief structures are discussed below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 7. Diffractive elements 2, when applied to surface 1, are not separately resolvable to the human eye. The appearance of the diffractive indicia on surface 1 changes when the viewing angle and/or angle of illumination relative to surface 1 changes.
  • a number of different diffractive elements are provided.
  • the different types are selected from a palette of a number of different modulation types, different spatial frequency types or different sizes with fixed spatial frequency.
  • Each of areas 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 on surface 1 is filled with a single type of diffractive element, giving that area a distinct appearance which, depending upon the modulation effect used, may appear to have one colour when viewed from one range of directions and another colour when viewed from another range of directions.
  • Different areas may also appear to have different intensities, on account of different sizes of diffractive elements.
  • FIG. 5 is a computer plot of another modulated concentric circle diffracting surface structure configuration.
  • the modulation factor in this instance is given by the equation: ##EQU2## and once again in this case, B has a value of 0.03.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
US08/624,536 1993-11-23 1994-11-23 Diffractive indicia for a surface Expired - Lifetime US5912767A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPM2572 1993-11-23
AUPM257293 1993-11-23
PCT/AU1994/000723 WO1995014954A1 (en) 1993-11-23 1994-11-23 Diffractive indicia for a surface

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US5912767A true US5912767A (en) 1999-06-15

Family

ID=3777373

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US08/624,536 Expired - Lifetime US5912767A (en) 1993-11-23 1994-11-23 Diffractive indicia for a surface

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5912767A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0730753A4 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPH09506442A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA2173838A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
TW (1) TW265421B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
WO (1) WO1995014954A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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RU2151070C1 (ru) * 1999-11-16 2000-06-20 Мясников Дмитрий Николаевич Комбинированный носитель информации и/или изображения
GB2348852A (en) * 1999-03-03 2000-10-18 David Gifford Burder Improvements in or relating to diffractive optical elements
US6155605A (en) * 1996-04-15 2000-12-05 De La Rue International Limited Document of value
US6209922B1 (en) * 1996-08-21 2001-04-03 Baasel Scheel Lasergraphics Gmbh Copy protected security print
US6369919B1 (en) * 1998-05-14 2002-04-09 De La Rue International Limited Holographic security device
EP1077426A3 (de) * 1999-08-19 2002-05-02 Orga Kartensysteme GmbH Verfahren zum Aufbringen von visuell lesbaren Informationen auf kartenförmige Datenträger
WO2003011980A1 (en) * 2001-07-31 2003-02-13 Flex Products, Inc. Diffractive pigment flakes and compositions
US20030173046A1 (en) * 2000-06-08 2003-09-18 Timo Jaaskelainen Security paper or board product and security package
US20030183695A1 (en) * 2001-12-18 2003-10-02 Brian Labrec Multiple image security features for identification documents and methods of making same
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US20040081807A1 (en) * 1999-07-08 2004-04-29 Bonkowski Richard L. Security articles having diffractive surfaces and color shifting backgrounds
WO2004044059A1 (de) * 2002-11-11 2004-05-27 Bühler AG Diffraktive pigmente
US20040101676A1 (en) * 2000-01-21 2004-05-27 Phillips Roger W. Optically variable security devices
US20040135365A1 (en) * 2001-06-08 2004-07-15 Schilling Andreas Q Diffractive security element
US20040247874A1 (en) * 2001-07-17 2004-12-09 Zbynek Ryzi Optical device and method of manufacture
US6841238B2 (en) 2002-04-05 2005-01-11 Flex Products, Inc. Chromatic diffractive pigments and foils
US20050042449A1 (en) * 2003-07-14 2005-02-24 Jds Uniphase Corporation, Vacuum roll coated security thin film interference products with overt and/or covert patterned layers
US20050063067A1 (en) * 2003-09-18 2005-03-24 Phillips Roger W. Patterned reflective optical structures
US20050270604A1 (en) * 2000-07-18 2005-12-08 Optaglio Limited Diffractive device
US20060018021A1 (en) * 2004-07-26 2006-01-26 Applied Opsec, Inc. Diffraction-based optical grating structure and method of creating the same
US20060035080A1 (en) * 2002-09-13 2006-02-16 Jds Uniphase Corporation Provision of frames or borders around opaque flakes for covert security applications
US20060077496A1 (en) * 1999-07-08 2006-04-13 Jds Uniphase Corporation Patterned structures with optically variable effects
US20060117548A1 (en) * 2004-12-07 2006-06-08 Kozlowski Andy G Holographic image machining process and product
US20060194040A1 (en) * 2002-09-13 2006-08-31 Jds Uniphase Corporation Two-step method of coating an article for security printing
US20060198998A1 (en) * 2002-07-15 2006-09-07 Jds Uniphase Corporation Dynamic appearance-changing optical devices (dacod) printed in a shaped magnetic field including printable fresnel structures
US20060263539A1 (en) * 2002-07-15 2006-11-23 Jds Uniphase Corporation Alignable Diffractive Pigment Flakes And Method And Apparatus For Alignment And Images Formed Therefrom
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