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  • C07D215/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems
  • C07D215/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
  • C07D215/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
  • C07D215/20—Oxygen atoms
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  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
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  • C07C255/32—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a carbon skeleton containing at least one six-membered aromatic ring
  • C07C255/40—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a carbon skeleton containing at least one six-membered aromatic ring the carbon skeleton being further substituted by doubly-bound oxygen atoms
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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  • C07C235/00—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms
  • C07C235/02—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton
  • C07C235/32—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton containing six-membered aromatic rings
  • C07C235/34—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton containing six-membered aromatic rings having the nitrogen atoms of the carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
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  • C07C255/00—Carboxylic acid nitriles
  • C07C255/01—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
  • C07C255/32—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a carbon skeleton containing at least one six-membered aromatic ring
  • C07C255/36—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a carbon skeleton containing at least one six-membered aromatic ring the carbon skeleton being further substituted by hydroxy groups
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  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C255/00—Carboxylic acid nitriles
  • C07C255/01—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
  • C07C255/32—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a carbon skeleton containing at least one six-membered aromatic ring
  • C07C255/41—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a carbon skeleton containing at least one six-membered aromatic ring the carbon skeleton being further substituted by carboxyl groups, other than cyano groups
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C327/00—Thiocarboxylic acids
  • C07C327/38—Amides of thiocarboxylic acids
  • C07C327/40—Amides of thiocarboxylic acids having carbon atoms of thiocarboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
  • C07C327/44—Amides of thiocarboxylic acids having carbon atoms of thiocarboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms to carbon atoms of an unsaturated carbon skeleton
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C59/00—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups
  • C07C59/40—Unsaturated compounds
  • C07C59/42—Unsaturated compounds containing hydroxy or O-metal groups
  • C07C59/52—Unsaturated compounds containing hydroxy or O-metal groups a hydroxy or O-metal group being bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
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  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C59/00—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups
  • C07C59/40—Unsaturated compounds
  • C07C59/42—Unsaturated compounds containing hydroxy or O-metal groups
  • C07C59/54—Unsaturated compounds containing hydroxy or O-metal groups containing six-membered aromatic rings and other rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
  • C07D209/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with one carbocyclic ring
  • C07D209/04—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles
  • C07D209/30—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
  • C07D209/32—Oxygen atoms
  • C07D209/34—Oxygen atoms in position 2
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D215/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems
  • C07D215/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
  • C07D215/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
  • C07D215/14—Radicals substituted by oxygen atoms
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  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D215/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems
  • C07D215/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
  • C07D215/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
  • C07D215/20—Oxygen atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D215/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems
  • C07D215/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
  • C07D215/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
  • C07D215/20—Oxygen atoms
  • C07D215/22—Oxygen atoms attached in position 2 or 4
  • C07D215/233—Oxygen atoms attached in position 2 or 4 only one oxygen atom which is attached in position 4
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D215/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems
  • C07D215/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
  • C07D215/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
  • C07D215/20—Oxygen atoms
  • C07D215/24—Oxygen atoms attached in position 8
  • C07D215/26—Alcohols; Ethers thereof
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  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
  • C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
  • C07D401/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
  • C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
  • C07D403/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
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  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C2602/00—Systems containing two condensed rings
  • C07C2602/02—Systems containing two condensed rings the rings having only two atoms in common
  • C07C2602/04—One of the condensed rings being a six-membered aromatic ring
  • C07C2602/10—One of the condensed rings being a six-membered aromatic ring the other ring being six-membered, e.g. tetraline

Definitions

• the present invention relates to new aryl- and heteroarylethenylene derivatives, to a process for their preparation, to pharmaceutical compositions containing them and to their use as therapeutic agents.
• R is a group of formula (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g), (h), (i) or (j) ##STR5## in which R 3 is --OH or --NH 2 and Ph means phenyl; R 1 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 alkyl or C 2 -C 6 alkanoyl; R 2 is hydrogen, halogen, cyano or C 1 -C 6 alkyl; n is zero or an integer of 1 to 3: n is zero or an integer of 1 to 3 when Y is a ring system (A); it is zero, 1 or 2 when Y is a ring system (B), (E), (F) or (G); or it is zero or 1 when Y is a ring system (
• the invention includes within its scope all the possible isomers, stereoisomers, in particular Z and E isomers and their mixtures, and the metabolites and the metabolic precursors or bio-precursors (otherwise known as pro-drugs) of the compounds of formula (I).
• the substituent R is preferably linked to position 1 or 2 in ring system (A) and (B), to position 4 in ring system (C) and (D), to position 5 or 8 in ring system (E) and (F) and to position 3 or 7 in ring system (G).
• the substituent R 2 may be independently on either of the rings in the bicyclic ring systems (A), (B), (E), (F) and (G).
• the --OR 1 groups are preferably on the same benzene moiety as the R group.
• the substituent R 2 is preferably located on the same 6-membered ring as the substituent --OR 1 in the ortho-, meta-or para- position with respect to --OR 1 .
• R 2 is located in a position ortho- or para- to --OR 1 .
• a substituent --OR 1 is preferably linked to position 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 8, in particular to position 1, 2, 3 or 4, in ring systems (A) and (B).
• a substituent --OR 1 is preferably linked to position 2, 3, 4 or 5, in particular to position 3, 4 or 5, in ring systems (C) and (D).
• a substituent --OR 1 is preferably linked to position 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8, in particular to position 5, 6, 7 or 8, in ring system (E) and (F).
• a substituent --OR 1 is preferably linked to position 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, in particular to position 4, 5, 6 or 7 in ring system (G).
• R, --OR 1 and R 2 can be linked to the same position in ring systems (A) to (G).
• the --OR 1 groups may be the same or different.
• the alkyl groups, and the alkyl moiety in the alkanoyl groups may be a branched or straight alkyl chain.
• a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group is preferably a C 1 -C 4 alkyl group, e.g. methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, sec-butyl or tert-butyl, in particular methyl or ethyl.
• a C 2 -C 6 alkanoyl group is preferably a C 2 -C 4 alkanoyl group, in particular acetyl, propionyl or butyryl.
• a halogen is, preferably, chlorine, bromine or fluorine, in particular bromine.
• Pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of the invention include acid addition salts, with inorganic, e.g. nitric, hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulphuric, perchloric and phosphoric acids, or organic, e.g. acetic, propionic, glycolic, lactic, oxalic, malonic, malic, maleic, tartaric, citric, benzoic, cinnamic, mandelic and salicylic acids, and salts with inorganic, e.g. alkali metal, especially sodium or potassium, bases or alkaline-earth metal, especially calcium or magnesium bases, or with organic bases, e.g. alkylamines, preferably triethyl-amine.
• inorganic e.g. nitric, hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulphuric, perchloric and phosphoric acids
• organic e.g. acetic, propionic, glycolic, lactic, oxalic, mal
• the present invention also includes within its scope pharmaceutically acceptable bio-precursors (otherwise known as pro-drugs) of the compounds of formula (I), i.e. compounds which have a different formula to formula (I) above but which nevertheless upon administration to a human being are converted directly or indirectly in vivo into a compound of formula (I).
• bio-precursors otherwise known as pro-drugs
• Preferred compounds of the invention are the compounds of formula (I), wherein
• Y is a monocyclic or bicyclic ring system chosen from (A) to (G), as defined above;
• R is a group of formula (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (i) or (j) as defined above;
• R 1 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl or C 2 -C 4 alkanoyl
• R 2 is hydrogen
• n is a defined above; and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
• More preferred compounds of the invention are the compounds of formula (I), wherein
• Y is a bicyclic ring system of formula (A), (B) or (E), as defined above;
• R is a group of formula (a), (d), (e), (i) or (j), as defined above; R 1 and R 2 are hydrogen;
• n zero or 1; and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
• Examples of specific compounds of the invention are the following compounds which, when appropriate, may be either Z- or E- diastereomers or Z, E- mixtures of said diastereomers:
• the compounds of the invention, and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof can be obtained by a process comprising the condensation of an aldehyde of formula (II) ##STR6## wherein Y, R 1 , R 2 and n are as defined above with a compound of formula (a'), (b'), (c'), (d'), (e'), (f'), (g'), (h'), (i') or (j'), respectively, ##STR7## wherein R 3 and Ph are as defined above; and if desired, converting a compound of formula (I) into another compound of formula (I), and/or, if desired, converting a compound of formula (I) into a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and/or, if desired, converting a salt into a free compound, and/or, if desired, separating a mixture of isomers of a compound of formula (I) into the single isomers.
• reaction of a compound of formula (II) with a compound of formula (a'), (b'), (c'), (d'), (e'), (f'), (g'), (h'), (i') or (j'), is an analogy process which can be carried out according to known methods, as herebelow described; preferably in the presence of a basic catalyst, e.g. pyridine, piperidine, dimethylamine, or a suitable alkali/metal hydroxide or alkoxide.
• a basic catalyst e.g. pyridine, piperidine, dimethylamine, or a suitable alkali/metal hydroxide or alkoxide.
• a compound of formula (II) with a compound of formula (a'), (b'), (c'), (d'), (e'), (f'), (g') or (h'), respectively may be carried out under the conditions of the Knoevenagel reactions as described e.g. by G. Jones in Organic Reactions 15, 204 (1967).
• Suitable catalyst are organic bases such as pyridine, piperidine or diethylamine.
• the condensation may be performed in an inert organic solvent e.g. pyridine, ethanol, methanol, benzene or dioxane at temperature ranging from about 0° C. to about 100° C.
• the reaction is carried out in warm ethanol solution in the presence of piperidine catalyst.
• reaction of a compound of formula (II) with a compound of formula (d') may be carried out according to the Knoevenagel method as described above but using special conditions. Especially higher reaction temperatures are used in consideration of the fact that during the condensation also a decarboxylation occurs. For instance the condensation may be performed in an organic base such as pyridine (which at same time is solvent and catalyst) at temperatures ranging from about 50° to about 140° C.
• reaction of a compound of formula (II) with a compound of formula (i') may be carried out as described by R. E. Buckles et al. in J. Am. Chem. Soc. 73, 4972 (1951). According to this method equimolar amounts of the aromatic aldehyde and the phenylacetic derivative are reacted in 3-5 molequivalents of acetic anhydride in the presence of about 1 molequivalent triethylamine at temperatures ranging from about 100° to about 140° C.
• the condensation of a compound of formula (II) with a compound of formula (j') may be carried out in alcoholic solution using a metal alkoxide, e.g. sodium ethoxide, potassium t-butoxide, or a metal hydroxide, e.g. sodium hydroxide, as catalyst; at temperatures ranging from about 0° C. to about 100° C.
• a metal alkoxide e.g. sodium ethoxide, potassium t-butoxide
• a metal hydroxide e.g. sodium hydroxide
• a compound of formula (I) can be converted into another compound of formula (I) according to known methods.
• the de-etherification of a compound of formula (I), wherein one or more R 1 substituents are C 1 -C 6 alkyl, so as to obtain a compound of formula (I) wherein one or more R 1 substituents are hydrogen may be performed by well known methods in organic chemistry.
• the cleavage can be carried out for example with boron tribromide as described by J. F. N. McOmie in Tetrahedron 24, 2289 (1968).
• reaction may be performed in an inert organic solvent such as methylene chloride, pentane or benzene under an inert, e.g. nitrogen, atmosphere at temperatures ranging from about -78° C. to about room temperature.
• inert organic solvent such as methylene chloride, pentane or benzene
• the acylation of a compound of formula (I) wherein one or more R 1 substituent is hydrogen, so as to obtain a corresponding compound of formula (I) wherein one or more R 1 substituent is a C 2 -C 6 alkanoyl group may be obtained by reaction with a reactive derivative of a suitable carboxylic acid, such as an anhydride or halide, in the presence of a basic agent, at temperatures ranging from about 0° C. to about 50° C.
• a suitable carboxylic acid such as an anhydride or halide
• a basic agent at temperatures ranging from about 0° C. to about 50° C.
• the acylation is carried out by reaction with the respective anhydride in the presence of an organic base, such as pyridine.
• the separation of a mixture of geometric isomers may be carried out by fractional crystallization from a suitable solvent or by chromatography, either column chromatography or high pressure liquid chromatography.
• the compounds of formula (II) may be obtained according to known methods from compounds of formula (III). ##STR10## wherein Y, R 1 , R 2 and n are as defined above.
• the phenolic compound of formula (III) may be treated with chloroform and alkali hydroxides in an aqueous or aqueous alcoholic solution according to the well known method of Reimer-Tiemann.
• the starting material is an aromatic methylether the method described by N. S. Narasimhan et al. in Tetrahedron 31, 1005 (1975) can be applied.
• the methylether of formula (III) is lithiated with butyl lithium in refluxing ether.
• Treatment of the organometallic compound with N-methylformanilide furnishes the formyl derivative.
• the compounds of formula (III) are known or may be obtained by known methods from known compounds.
• the compounds of the present invention possess specific tyrosine kinase inhibiting activity. Hence they can be useful in the treatment of cancer and other pathological proliferative conditions.
• the RNA tumor viruses possess such an oncogene sequence whose expression determines neoplastic conversion of infected cells.
• oncogene-encoded proteins such as pp60 v-src , p70 gag-yes , p130 gag-fps and p70 gag-fgr display protein tyrosine kinase activity, that is they catalyse the transfer of the ⁇ -phosphate from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to tyrosine residues in protein substrate.
• ATP adenosine triphosphate
• growth factor receptors for example the receptors for PDGF, EGF, ⁇ -TGF and insulin, display tyrosine kinase activity. Binding of the growth factor (GF) activates the receptor tyrosine kinase to undergo autophosphorylation and to phosphorylate closely adjacent molecules on tyrosine.
• tyrosine kinase receptors plays an important role in signal transduction and that the principal function of tyrosine kinase activity in normal cells is to regulate cell growth. Perturbation of this activity by oncogenic tyrosine kinase that are either overproduced and/or display altered substrate specificity may cause loss of growth control and/or neoplastic transformation. Accordingly, a specific inhibitor of tyrosine kinases can be useful in investigating the mechanism of carcinogenesis, cell proliferation and differentiation and it can be effective in prevention and chemotherapy of cancer and in other pathological proliferative conditions.
• tyrosine specific protein kinase activity of these compounds is shown, e.g., by the fact that they are active in the in vitro test described by B. Ferguson et al., in J. Biol. Chem. 1985, 260, 3652.
• the enzyme used is the Abelson tyrosine kinase p 60 v-abl . Its production and isolation is performed according to a modification of the method of B. Ferguson et al. (ibidem). As substrate ⁇ -casein or (Val 5 )-angiotensin is used.
• the inhibitor is preincubated with the enzyme for 5 min at 25° C.
• the reaction conditions are:
• reaction is incubated for 10 min at 25° C. Trichloroacetic acid precipitation of protein is followed by rapid filtration and quantification of phosphorylated substrate by a liquid scintillation counter. Alternatively the reaction mixture is subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate -polyacrylamide electrophoresis and the phosphorylated substrate measured by autoradiography or P 32 -counting of the excised spot.
• the compounds of the invention can be used safely in medicine.
• the approximate acute toxicity (LD 50 ) of the compounds of the invention in the mouse determined by single administration of increasing doses and measured on the seventh day after the treatment was found to be negligible.
• the compounds of the invention can be administered in a variety of dosage forms, e.g. orally, in the form of tablets, capsules, sugar of film coated tablets, liquid solutions or suspensions; rectally, in the form of suppositories; parenterally, e.g. intramuscularly, or by intravenous injection of infusion; or topically.
• the dosage depends on the age, weight, conditions of the patient and administration route; for example the dosage adopted for oral administration to adult humans may range from about 10 to about 150-200 mg pro dose, from 1 to 5 times daily.
• dosage regimens may be adjusted to provide the optimal therapeutic response.
• the invention includes pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the invention in association with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient (which can be a carrier or diluent).
• a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient which can be a carrier or diluent.
• compositions containing the compounds of the invention are usually prepared following conventional methods and are administered in a pharmaceutically suitable form.
• the solid oral forms may contain, together with the active compound, diluents, e.g., lactose, dextrose, saccharose, cellulose, corn starch or potato starch; lubricants, e.g. silica, talc, stearic acid, magnesium or calcium stearate, and/or polyethylene glycols; binding agents, e.g. starches, arabic gums, gelatin, methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose or polyvinyl pyrrolidone; disaggregating agents, e.g.
• diluents e.g., lactose, dextrose, saccharose, cellulose, corn starch or potato starch
• lubricants e.g. silica, talc, stearic acid, magnesium or calcium stearate, and/or polyethylene glycols
• binding agents e.g. starches, arabic gums, gelatin, methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose or polyvinyl
• a starch alginic acid, alginates or sodium starch glycolate, effervescing mixtures; dyestuffs; sweeteners; wetting agents, such as lecithin, polysorbates, laurylsulphates; and, in general, non-toxic and pharmacologically inactive substances used in pharmaceutical formulations.
• Said pharmaceutical preparations may be manufactured in known manner, for example, by means of mixing, granulating, tabletting sugar-coating or film-coating processes.
• the liquid dispersion for oral administration may be e.g. syrups, emulsions and suspensions.
• the syrup may contain as carrier, for example, saccharose or saccharose with glycerine and/or mannitol and/or sorbitol.
• the suspensions and the emulsions may contain as carrier, for example, a natural gum, agar, sodium alginate, pectin, methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose or polyvinyl alcohol.
• the suspensions or solutions for intramuscular injections may contain, together with the active compound, a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, e.g. sterile water, olive oil, ethyl oleate, glycols, e.g. propylene glycol, and, if desired, a suitable amount of lidocaine hydrochloride.
• the solutions for intravenous injections or infusion may contain as carrier, for example, sterile water or, preferably, they may be in the form of sterile, aqueous, isotonic saline solutions.
• the suppositories may contain together with the active compound a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, e.g. cocoa-butter, polyethylene glycol, a polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester surfactant or lecithin.
• a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier e.g. cocoa-butter, polyethylene glycol, a polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester surfactant or lecithin.
• compositions for topical application e.g., creams, lotions or pastes
• a mixture of 2-naphthaldehyde (156 mg, 1 mmol), 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (152 mg, 1 mmol), triethylamine (101 mg, 1 mmol) and acetic anhydride (510 mg, 5 mmol) are heated for 5 h at 100° C.
• the mixture is treated with diluted hydrochloric acid after cooling and then extracted with ethylacetate.
• the organic layer is extracted with sodium hydroxide solution. After separation of the aqueous phase the raw carboxilic acid is isolated by precipitation with hydrochloric acid.
• the raw carboxylic acid is transformed in its acid chloride by treatment with thionyl chloride (1190 mg, 10 mmol) in boiling benzene (5 ml) for 2 h. After evaporation to dryness under vacuum the raw acid chloride is transformed to the amide by reaction with diluted ammonium hydroxide at room temperature for 1 h. The raw product is obtained by filtration, washing and drying under vacuum. Crystallization from isopropanol furnishes pure title compound in 50% yield (145 mg).
• the starting material for this de-etherification example is 2-cyano-3-(1-methoxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphth-2-yl) acrylamide, which can be obtained according to the procedure described in Example 1.
• the starting material for this acylation example is 2-cyano-3-(1-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphth-2-yl) acrylamide, which may be obtained according to the procedure described in example 1.
• Tablets each weighing 0.150 g and containing 25 mg of the active substance, can be manufactured as follows: composition (for 10000 tablets):
• the 2-cyano-3-(1-hydroxynaphth-2-yl)acrylamide, the lactose and half the corn starch are mixed; the mixture is then forced through a sieve of 0.5 mm mesh size.
• Corn starch (10 g) is suspended in warm water (90 ml) and the resulting paste is used to granulate the powder. The granulate is dried, comminuted on a sieve of 1.4 mm mesh size, then the remaining quantity of starch, talc and magnesium stearate are added, carefully mixed and processed into tablets.
• Capsules each dosed at 0.200 g and containing 20 mg of the active substance can be prepared.
• This formulation is encapsulated in two-piece hard gelatin capsules and dosed at 0.200 g for each capsule.

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