Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
  • C09D133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
  • C09D133/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D167/00—Coating compositions based on polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
  • C09D167/08—Polyesters modified with higher fatty oils or their acids, or with natural resins or resin acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
  • C09D7/40—Additives
  • C09D7/65—Additives macromolecular
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
  • C09D7/40—Additives
  • C09D7/66—Additives characterised by particle size
  • C09D7/67—Particle size smaller than 100 nm
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
  • C09D7/40—Additives
  • C09D7/66—Additives characterised by particle size
  • C09D7/68—Particle size between 100-1000 nm
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
  • C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
  • C08L2205/18—Spheres
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L57/00—Compositions of unspecified polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L67/08—Polyesters modified with higher fatty oils or their acids, or with resins or resin acids

Definitions

• This invention relates to an air-drying paint composition for use in coating steel construction, bridges, buildings, cars, machinery and other substrates for protective and/or decorative purposes.
• alkyd and acrylic modified alkyd type paints have been widely used as one-pot, air-drying paints.
• it has become a social problem today to decrease the amount of solvent discharged to the atmosphere from coating compositions by providing high solids paints having excellent air-drying capability, workability and film properties without unduly increasing the viscosity thereof.
• high solids, low viscosity paints may be formulated by employing relatively low molecular weight resins and highly active solvents.
• Japanese Laid Open (Kokai) Patent Application No. 199777/84 discloses an air-drying paint composition comprising an alkyd resin having an oil length greater than 50% and a nonaqueous dispersion of polymer.
• this system is more advantageous than conventional systems free of such nonaqueous dispersion of polymer, it is not entirely satisfactory in respect of viscosity, air-drying capability, film properties including film gloss and workability.
• Particularly solvents which are more polar than xylene, such as mineral spirit, cannot be used in this system because polymer particles dispersed in the nonaqueous medium become swollen or dissolved.
• an object of the present invention to provide an air-drying paint which is high solids while retaining a low viscosity, and exhibits an excellent air-drying capability even with the use of a relatively high-boiling point, low-volatile solvent such as mineral spirit as well as a good workability and excellent film properties in hardness, water resistance, solvent resistance, chemical resistance, weatherability and the like.
• an air-drying paint composition comprising
• a film-forming resin selected from the group consisting of an air-drying alkyd resin, an acrylic polymer having a number average molecular weight of 10,000 to 100,000, and an acrylic-modified alkyd resin obtained by modifying said alkyd resin with said acrylic polymer and
• the ratio of said polymer particles to said film-forming resin in the composition being 98:2 to 1:99 parts by weight on solids content basis, said composition being free from any external cross-linking agent.
• the paint composition of the present invention may be formulated in high solids yet retaining a low viscosity level by incorporating said internally cross-linked polymer microparticles (a).
• the paint formulation incorporating said microparticles (a) has a yield point in its viscosity. Namely, although its apparent viscosity is relatively high in stationary state but decreases upon applying a shear force. Therefore, the paint formulation may be applied to a greater film thickness by a single application without sagging or run than is possible with the corresponding formulation free from said microparticles (a).
• the polymer microparticles also serve to promote the air-drying capability of the paint formulation owing to their filler effect.
• the resemblance of physical and chemical properties between the polymer microparticles and said film-forming resin result in enhanced properties of dried film composed of said microparticles and the matrix of said film-forming resin including film gloss, hardness, solvent resistance, chemical resistance, weatherability and the like.
• the polymer microparticles produced by the emulsion polymerization method may be formulated in systems containing highly polar solvents because they remain intact in such solvents and advantages thereof with respect to said film properties are more remarkable than the nonaqueous polymer dispersion.
• the polymer microparticles used in the present invention may be produced by emulsion polymerizing a monomer mixture of ethylenically unsaturated monomers at least a portion of which is a monomer having at least two ethylenically unsaturated bonds in the molecule or a combination of two different monomers having mutually reactive groups, in an aqueous medium, and then removing said medium by solvent substitution, azeotropic distillation, centrifugation, drying and the like.
• the emulsifier used in the emulsion polymerization may be any conventional emulsifier, or a water soluble, amphoteric modified polyester resin disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,322,324 or a water soluble, amphoteric modified epoxy resin disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,379,872, both assigned to the assignee of this application, of which disclosures are incorporated herein by reference.
• the monomer mixture comprises at least one ethylenically unsaturated, monofunctional monomer and at least one cross-linking monomer.
• monofunctional monomers include carboxyl group-containing monomers such as acrylic, methacrylic, crotonic, itaconic, maleic and fumaric acids; hydroxy group-containing monomers such as 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, hydroxybutyl acrylate, hydroxybutyl methacrylate, allyl alcohol and methallyl alcohol; nitrogen atom-containing acrylates or methacrylates such as dimethylaminoethyl acrylate or methacrylate; polymerizable amides such as acrylamide and methacrylamide; polymerizable nitriles such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile; alkyl acrylates or methacrylates such as methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, n-butyl methacrylate and 2-eth
• Cross-linking comonomers include a monomer having at least two ethylenically unsaturated bonds per molecule and a combination of two different monomers having mutually reactive groups.
• Monomers having at least two polymerization sites may typically be represented by esters of a polyhydric alcohol with an ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid, esters of an ethylenically unsaturated monoalcohol with a polycarboxylic acid and aromatic compounds having at least two vinyl substituents.
• ethylene glycol diacrylate ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1,3-butylene glycol dimethacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, 1,4-butanediol diacrylate, neopentyl glycol diacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, pentaerythritol diacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, pentaerythritol tetracrylate, pentaerythritol dimethacrylate, pentaerythritol trimethacrylate, pentaerythritol tetramethacrylate, glycerol diacrylate, glycerol allyloxy dimethacrylate, 1,1,1-tris(hydroxymethyl)ethane diacrylate
• Combinations of two monomers having mutually reactive groups may be used in place of, or in addition to monomers having two or more polymerization sites.
• monomers having a glycidyl group such as glycidyl acrylate or methacrylate may be combined with carboxyl group-containing monomers such as acrylic, methacrylic or crotonic acid.
• combination of mutually reactive groups include amine/carbonyl, epoxide/carboxylic acid anhydride, alkyleneimine/carbonyl, amine/carboxylic acid chloride, organo-alkoxysilane/carboxyl and hydroxyl/isocyanate.
• the polymer microparticles thus produced by the emulsion polymerization method may be isolated from the aqueous medium by filtering, spray drying or lyophilizing the emulsion and used as such or, if necessary, after pulverizing into a desired particle size using a conventional mill.
• the aqueous medium may be subjected to azeotropic distillation or solvent substitution with an organic volatile solvent such as xylene and a dispersion of the polymer microparticles in such solvent may be formulated in the paint composition of the present invention.
• the polymer microparticles thus produced generally have a mean particle size from 0.01 to 0.6 microns.
• a mean particle size from 0.02 to 0.5 microns is preferable.
• the glass transition point (Tg), solubility parameter and/or refractive index of the polymer microparticles may be controlled in a suitable range relative to those of matrix resin by varying their monomer constituents.
• the polymer microparticles may have on their surfaces a plurality of functional groups which interact with each other or with those possessed by the matrix resin to promote the interaction between individual polymer microparticles themselves and/or between the microparticles and the matrix resin.
• the polymer microparticles may also have an agent for promoting the properties of the resulting dried film either being carried on the surfaces or entrapped within the particles.
• the film-forming resin used in the paint formulation of the present invention is selected from (i) an alkyd resin, (ii) an acrylic polymer, or (iii) an acrylic modified alkyd resin, all of which are used in conventional air-drying paint formulations free from cross-linked polymer microparticles.
• alkyd resin refers to a co-condensation product of a polyhydric alcohol component, a polybasic acid component optionally containing monobasic acid, and a drying, semi-drying or non-drying oil, or the fatty acid component of these oils.
• Representative polyhydric alcohols include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, butylene glycol, pentanediol, hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, cyclohexanediol, glycerine, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, tris( ⁇ -hydroxyethyl)isocyanurate, pentaerythritol, diglycerine, dipentaerythritol, mannitol, sorbitol and the like.
• Typical polybasic acids include phthalic anhydride, isophthali acid, terephthalic acid, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, endomethylenetetrahydrophthalic anhydride, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, polybutadienedicarboxylic acid, trimellitic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, azelaic acid and the like.
• Monobasic acids such as benzoic acid and p-t-butylbenzoic acid may be used in conjunction with the polybasic acid component.
• oils and fatty acids examples include rice oil, tall oil, soybean oil, saflower oil, cotton seed oil, linseed oil, tung oil, dehydrated castor oil, fish oil and fatty acids derived from these oils. These oils and fatty acids preferably have an iodine number greater than 100. Non-drying oils such as palm oil, castor oil and coconut oil may be used in conjunction with drying oils and their fatty acids as desired.
• alkyd resins by the polycondensation reaction of the above components is well-known in the art.
• the resulting alkyd resins should be air-drying and preferably have an oil length greater than 50%.
• film-forming acrylic polymer refers to polymers of (meth)acrylate monomers alone or in combination with other ethylenically unsaturated monomers.
• (meth)acrylate monomers include alkyl (meth)acrylates such as methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, n-butyl (meth)acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate, lauryl (meth)acrylate and nonyl (meth)acrylate; hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylates such as 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate and 2-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate; alkoxyalkyl (meth)acrylates such as 2-ethoxyethyl (meth)acrylate and 4-methoxybutyl (meth)acrylate; aryloxyalkyl (meth)acrylates such as 2-phenoxyethyl (meth)acrylate and 2-nonylphen
• the film-forming acrylic polymers may be produced by solution polymerizing the above monomers in an organic solvent used in the paint composition of the present invention as component (c) to have a number average molecular weight from 10,000 to 100,000.
• acrylic-modified alkyd resin refers to those produced by modifying the above-mentioned alkyd resins with the above-mentioned acrylic polymers.
• the paint composition of the present invention comprises an organic volatile solvent such as those conventionally used in the coating industry.
• High-boiling point, low volatile, inexpensive solvents such as mineral spirit may be used to obtain an air-drying paint capable of applying in two coats per day even during winter when the polymer microparticles (a) are added thereto.
• the polymer microparticles have been cross-linked and the dispersion stability thereof does not have to rely on a steric barrier of amphipathic polymer chains which are solvated by the solution of a film-forming polymer, they are not soluble in almost all of conventional solvents used in the coating industry and remain stably dispersed even in a system containing relatively active polar solvents.
• solvents for this purpose include aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane, heptane and octane; mixed hydrocarbons such as mineral spirit, naphtha and kerosene; aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylene, esters such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, butyl cellosolve and ethyl cellosolve, ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone and cyclohexanone; ethers such as dioxane, diethyl ether and tetrahydrofuran; alcohols such as C 1 -C 6 alkanols and ethylene glycol; and mixtures of these solvents.
• aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane, heptane and octane
• mixed hydrocarbons such as mineral spirit, naphtha and kerosene
• the paint composition of the present invention comprises said component (a) and component (b) in a ratio from 98:2 to 1:99, preferably from 95:5 to 2:98, more preferably from 20:80 to 60:40. If the above ratio is too high, the entire composition will exhibit poor film-forming properties. Conversely, if the ratio is too low, the air-drying capability of the composition will not be sufficiently promoted.
• the paint composition of the present invention may comprise a variety of conventional additives such as antioxidants, UV absorbers, and also pigments. Pigments may be dispersed in component (b) followed by letting down component (a) or vice versa. Alternatively, they may be dispersed in the mixture of component (a) and component (b).
• component (b) is an alkyd resin or an acrylic modified alkyd resin
• the composition may comprise dryers such as octates or naphthenates of metals such as cobalt, lead, manganese, aluminum or rare earth metals as well as anti-skinning agents such as methyl ethyl ketoxime.
• the drying mechanism of the present invention solely utilizes the evaporation of solvents and/or auto-oxidation polymerization of film-forming resins at the ambient temperature.
• the composition does not have to comprise any external cross-linker such as melamineformaldehyde resin, free or blocked organic polyisocyanates.
• the paint composition of the present invention has been proven to be free from such disadvantages.
• Emulsifier A Emulsifier A
• a four liter flask having stirring means, a nitrogen-gas introducing tube, a reflux condenser and a decanter was charged with 213 parts of N,N-bis(hydroxyethyl)taurine, 404 part of sebacic acid, 308 parts of hexahydrophthalic anhydride, 292 parts of 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, 10 parts of DMF and 24 parts of xylene.
• the mixture was refluxed and water formed by the reaction was removed as an azeotropic mixture with xylene.
• the temperature was raised to 200° C. over about 3 hours from the initiation of reflux and the reaction product was cooled to 150° C.
• a four liter flask having stirring means, a nitrogen-gas introducing tube, a reflux condenser and a decanter was charged with 213 parts of N,N-bis(hydroxyethyl)taurine, 404 part of sebacic acid, 296 parts of phthalic anhydride, 292 parts of 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, 10 parts of DMF and 24 parts of xylene.
• the mixture was refluxed and water formed by reaction was removed as an azeotropic mixture with xylene.
• the temperature was raised to 205° C. over about 3 hours from the initiation of reflux and the reaction product was cooled to 160° C.
• a two liter flask equipped with stirring means, cooling means, a decanter and temperature-controlling means was charged with 611.5 parts of deionized water and heated to 80° C.
• a monomer dispersion was prepared by adding 150 parts of neopentyl glycol dimethacrylate, 101.5 parts of styrene, 50 parts of lauryl methacrylate and 195.8 parts of 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate to a solution of 7.5 parts of dimethylethanolamine and 75 parts of Emulsifier A in 500 parts of deionized water followed by stirring for 15 minutes.
• a monomer dispersion was prepared by adding 100 parts of neopentyl glycol dimethacrylate, 122.6 parts of styrene, 157.5 parts of isobutyl methacrylate, 81.2 parts of 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate and 38.7 parts of methyl methacrylate to a solution of 7.5 parts of dimethylethanolamine and 75 parts of Emulsifier A followed by stirring for 15 minutes.
• To the flask were added dropwise with stirring the above monomer dispersion and a solution of 3.2 parts of dimethylethanolamine and 5.0 parts of azobiscyanovaleric acid in 250 parts of deionized water concurrently over 60 minutes.
• the mixture was stirred at 80° C. for 60 minutes to give an aqueous dispersion of polymer microparticles having a nonvolatile content of 29.7% and a mean particle size of 80 nm.
• the dispersion was spray dried to give 550 g of polymer microparticles as white powder.
• a monomer dispersion was prepared by adding 100 parts of neopentyl glycol dimethacrylate, 100 parts of styrene, 213.7 parts of 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate and 86.3 parts of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate to a solution of 7.5 parts of dimethylethanolamine and 75 parts of Emulsifier B followed by stirring for 15 minutes.
• To the flask were added dropwise with stirring this monomer dispersion and a solution of 3.2 parts of dimethylethanolamine and 5.0 parts of azobiscyanovaleric acid concurrently over 60 minutes.
• the mixture was stirred at 80° C. for additional 60 minutes after the addition of monomers to give an aqueous dispersion of polymer microparticles having a nonvolatile content of 29.4% and a mean particle size of 72 nm.
• the dispersion was spray dried to give 565 parts of polymer microparticles as white powder.
• Example 2 To 214 parts of the same soybean oil-modified alkyd resin solution as used in Example 1 were added 300 parts of titanium dioxide pigment and 36 parts of mineral spirit. The mixture was milled with the aid of glass beads to divide titanium dioxide particles to less than 20 microns followed by the addition of 1.8 parts of 6% cobalt naphthenate and 4.1 parts of 25% lead dryer. Then a dispersion of 150 parts of polymer microparticles produced in Production Example 3 in 300 parts of mineral spirit was thoroughly mixed with thus produced paint while stirring in a disper for 5 minutes.
• the mixture was milled with the aid of glass beads to divide titanium dioxide particles to less than 20 microns followed by the addition of 2.6 parts of 6% cobalt naphthenate and 6.2 parts of 25% lead dryer. Then a dispersion of 94 parts of polymer microparticles produced in Production Example 5 was thoroughly mixed with thus produced paint while stirring in a disper for five minutes.
• Example 2 To 214 parts of the solution of soybean oil-modified alkyd resin used in Example 1 were added 300 parts of titanium dioxide pigment and 160 parts of mineral spirit. The mixture was milled with the aid of glass beads to divide titanium oxide particles to less than 20 microns followed by the addition of 1.8 parts of 6% cobalt naphthenate and 4.1 parts of 25% lead dryer. Then 326 parts of the nonaqueous acrylic polymer dispersion used in Comparative Example 1 were thoroughly mixed with thus produced paint while stirring in a disper for 5 minutes.
• Example 2 To 429 parts of the solution of soybean oil-modified alkyd resion used in Example 1 were added 300 parts of titanium dioxide pigment and 271 parts of mineral spirit. The mixture was milled with the aid of glass beads to divide titanium dioxide particles to less than 20 microns followed by the addition of 3.6 parts of 6% cobalt naphthenate and 12.4 parts of 25% lead dryer. Thus produced paint was throughly mixed in a disper with stirring for 5 minutes.
• the paint formulations produced in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were tested for various properties.
• the film properties were determined with a polished steel plate coated with the test paint to a dry film thickness of 50 microns after allowing to stand the coated plate in the atmosphere at 20° C. at an RH of 70% for 1 month. The results obtained are shown in the table below.
• the brush may be moved smoothly without stagnation and threading is not observed.
• the brush may be moved stagnantly only with greater force.
• Test films are soaked in tap water for 4 days at 20° C. and then cross-cut is made in depth down to the substrate surface dividing into a plurality of sections of 5 ⁇ 5 mm. Percents peeled area are determined using standard adhesive tape and graded according to the following schedule.
• Test film are soaked in 30% H 2 SO 4 for one day.
• Test film is soaked in 5% NaOH for one day.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Nanotechnology (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Paints Or Removers (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=12421506

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Cited By (15)

Families Citing this family (2)

Citations (2)

Family Cites Families (2)

• 1989
  • 1989-02-14 JP JP1034695A patent/JPH02214787A/ja active Pending
• 1990
  • 1990-02-13 DE DE69008569T patent/DE69008569T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1990-02-13 US US07/479,900 patent/US5102925A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1990-02-13 EP EP90102820A patent/EP0383273B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1990-02-14 KR KR1019900001787A patent/KR900013038A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation

Patent Citations (2)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events