US4931660A - Apparatus for measuring foreign substance content in flowing liquids - Google Patents

Apparatus for measuring foreign substance content in flowing liquids Download PDF

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Publication number
US4931660A
US4931660A US07/127,072 US12707287A US4931660A US 4931660 A US4931660 A US 4931660A US 12707287 A US12707287 A US 12707287A US 4931660 A US4931660 A US 4931660A
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United States
Prior art keywords
cells
beams
detector
detectors
radiation source
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Expired - Fee Related
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US07/127,072
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English (en)
Inventor
Juergen Mayer
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Emerson Process Management GmbH and Co oHG
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Leybold AG
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Assigned to LEYBOLD AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT reassignment LEYBOLD AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: LEYBOLD-HERAEUS GMBH
Assigned to LEYBOLD AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, BONNER STRASSE 498 D-5000 KOELN 51, WEST GERMANY, A GERMAN CORP. reassignment LEYBOLD AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, BONNER STRASSE 498 D-5000 KOELN 51, WEST GERMANY, A GERMAN CORP. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: MAYER, JUERGEN
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Assigned to ROSEMOUNT GMBH & CO. reassignment ROSEMOUNT GMBH & CO. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: LEYBOLD AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/85—Investigating moving fluids or granular solids
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
    • G01N2015/0662—Comparing before/after passage through filter
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N2021/1748—Comparative step being essential in the method
    • G01N2021/1751—Constructive features therefore, e.g. using two measurement cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
    • G01N21/314—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry with comparison of measurements at specific and non-specific wavelengths
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/18—Water

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an apparatus for measuring the foreign substance content in flowing liquids, especially for determining the concentration of aromatic hydrocarbons in a stream of water.
  • Apparatus for measuring the foreign substance concentration in a gas stream which serve for process control in chemical apparatus, for measuring flue gas, and for measuring emissions from furnaces and from motor vehicles.
  • This known apparatus operates by the nondispersive ultraviolet absorption method of measurement. The specific radiation absorption in the ultraviolet range by the component being measured serves as the measuring effect.
  • the ultraviolet radiation is produced in a hollow-cathode lamp.
  • a shutter wheel divides the radiation into two beams separate in time and a beam splitter divides it into two beams separate in space.
  • the measuring beam strikes a receiver and is carried through the measuring cell.
  • the completely unaffected control beam strikes the correction receiver.
  • the electronic processing of these 4 signals eliminates the influence of nonselective absorptions, such as for example cell contamination, and aging effects in radiator and receiver.
  • the present invention is addressed to the task of creating an apparatus which in flow-through operation performs a comparative measurement between the control and sample and which is adapted to operate a limit switch upon the exceeding of a predetermined concentration of the foreign substance.
  • This task is accomplished according to the invention in that both before and after the pipeline block for the process a liquid stream is derived through conduits and each is delivered to a cell, a radiation source being associated with each of the two cells whose beams pass through the cells and are fed each both to a first detector and to a second detector, a beam filter being placed in front of each of the detectors which divides the beams into two beams of different wavelength, and between the beam source and the two cells a rotating chopper wheel is disposed which alternately deflects the beams of the radiation source into the one and the other cell, the electrical signals of the detectors being compared by an electrical circuit and processed to form an identifying signal.
  • the advantage achieved by the invention is to be seen essentially in the fact that, in a large technical apparatus, a continuous monitoring of the output water or waste water can be performed for a long period of time during an ongoing process, while the percentage of contamination of the input water is detected and distinguished from the percentage of contamination produced by the process.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of an apparatus for the ongoing determination of the benzene content of running water
  • FIG. 2 shows the construction of the measuring system of the apparatus according to FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 shows the cell of the measuring system according to FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 4 is a representation of the electrical circuit connected to the detectors of the measuring apparatus
  • FIG. 5 shows three measuring curves written by a recording meter for benzene in water.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph showing the detector signal vs. time.
  • the apparatus according to FIG. 1 consists essentially of a pipe line 3 carrying comparatively clean input water, a block of piping 4 required for a process, a pipeline 5 carrying the output water possibly contaminated by the process, the two bypass lines 8 and 9 and the pumps 6 and 7 inserted therein, the two bubble separators 10 and 11, the heat exchangers 12 and 13 connected to the output of the bubble separators 10 and 11, the branch lines 14 and 15 which are connected to the cells 16 and 17, the light source 18 and the detector 19, the two drain lines 20 and 21, and lastly the magnetic valves 22 and 23 are inserted into the drain lines.
  • the apparatus operates as follows: A stream of water from the input water flowing to the piping block 4 is tapped from pipeline 3 through the branch line 8 by the pump 6 and is then pumped into the bubble separator 10 and from there to the heat exchanger 12. The temperature-controlled water stream rendered largely bubble-free by the two units 6 and 12 is then pumped through the cell 16 and then into the drain line 20. At the same time a second stream of water is tapped from the output water through the branch line 9 and heat exchanger 13 into the second cell 17 and then into the drain line 21.
  • an ultraviolet light source 24 is associated with the two cells 16 and 17, and its beams pass through the cells 16 and 17 and the water present in the latter, since the front and rear end walls 25-26 and 27-28 of the cells are made of transparent material.
  • a perforated disk 30 driven by a motor 29 rotates such that the beams 31 and 32 fall alternately on a semitransparent mirror 33 which reflects them to the detectors 34 and 35 (represented in FIG. 1 by a symbol 19).
  • a light filter 36 and 37 for 254 nm and 298 nm respectively, for example, is situated in front of the detectors 34 and 35, respectively.
  • condenser lenses 38 and 39 are provided which steer the beams 31 and 32 to the detectors 34 and 35, respectively.
  • the electrical signals produced by the two detectors 34 and 35 are processed in the electrical circuit shown in FIG. 4 to produce a signal which is present at the electrical conductor 40.
  • the circuit itself has an RC filter 41 and 42 and amplifier circuits 43 and 44 which process the electrical signals delivered by the detectors 34 and 35.
  • the chopper 30 alternately opens the beam path between the sample side 17 and the reference side 16, while the signals for the specific absorption ⁇ 1 and the nonspecific absorption ⁇ 2 are determined synchronously by two detectors 34 and 35.
  • the actual signal therefore is the measurement obtained under [1] minus the corrected reference value [2'].
  • the corrected signal is thus computed as follows:
  • FIG. 6 is a graph showing the detector signal vs. time.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
  • Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
US07/127,072 1987-10-03 1987-12-01 Apparatus for measuring foreign substance content in flowing liquids Expired - Fee Related US4931660A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873733573 DE3733573A1 (de) 1987-10-03 1987-10-03 Vorrichtung zum messen des fremdstoffanteils in stroemenden fluessigkeiten
DE3733573 1987-10-03

Publications (1)

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US4931660A true US4931660A (en) 1990-06-05

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US (1) US4931660A (fr)
EP (1) EP0310740A3 (fr)
JP (1) JPH01116438A (fr)
DE (1) DE3733573A1 (fr)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6010593A (en) * 1996-06-10 2000-01-04 Centre Technique De L'industrie Des Papiers, Cartons Et Celluloses Process for regulating a paper pulp deinking line and device for continuously measuring the quantity of particles contained in a liquid
US6741348B2 (en) 2002-04-29 2004-05-25 The Curators Of The University Of Missouri Ultrasensitive spectrophotometer
US20050179904A1 (en) * 2004-02-17 2005-08-18 The Curators Of The University Of Missouri Light scattering detector
US20060152726A1 (en) * 2005-01-13 2006-07-13 The Curators Of The University Of Missouri Ultrasensitive spectrophotometer
US20070291255A1 (en) * 2005-01-13 2007-12-20 The Curators Of The University Of Missouri Noise cancellation in fourier transform spectrophotometry
US20090316150A1 (en) * 2005-11-28 2009-12-24 Myrick Michael L Self calibration methods for optical analysis system
US20110083493A1 (en) * 2008-06-11 2011-04-14 The Curators Of The University Of Missouri Liquid Chromatography Detector and Flow Controller Therefor
US20120281214A1 (en) * 2011-04-13 2012-11-08 Krones Ag Method and Device for the Validation of Contamination and Cleaning in a System
US8681330B2 (en) 2006-03-09 2014-03-25 Alltech Associates, Inc. Evaporative light scattering detector
EP3043169A1 (fr) * 2015-01-06 2016-07-13 Fenwal, Inc. Identification non invasive de solutions
US20170227453A1 (en) * 2014-08-15 2017-08-10 Tenova Goodfellow Inc. System and Method for Analyzing Dusty Industrial Off-gas Chemistry
US20180217070A1 (en) * 2015-07-21 2018-08-02 Fluidsens International Inc. Particles in liquid detection method and particles in liquid detection system and method to detect particles in the air
US11327007B2 (en) * 2019-09-26 2022-05-10 Fluidsens International Inc. Compact and secure system and method for detecting particles in fluid

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3931497A1 (de) * 1989-09-21 1991-04-18 Sensoplan Messtechnik Gmbh Vorrichtung zum erfassen von verschmutzungen in fluiden, insbesondere schmierstoffen
GB9215741D0 (en) * 1992-07-24 1992-09-09 British Tech Group Method and apparatus for the measurement of pollutants in liquids
DE69407300T2 (de) * 1993-09-03 1998-05-20 Shell Int Research Methode und vorrichtung zur konzentrationsmessung einer in einer strömenden flüssigkeit in form einer dispersion anwesenden komponente
WO2007119399A1 (fr) 2006-03-22 2007-10-25 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho APPAREIL d'analyse
JP4938429B2 (ja) * 2006-12-04 2012-05-23 株式会社神戸製鋼所 不純物分析方法及び装置
CN108645989A (zh) * 2018-05-28 2018-10-12 国家海洋局第二海洋研究所 一种走航式海水连续处理、采样和多参数水质监测装置

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GB979850A (en) * 1960-06-03 1965-01-06 Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) Improvements in methods and apparatus for measuring the relative amount of a given component of a mixture of substances by selective absorption of infrared radiation
US3535044A (en) * 1969-10-22 1970-10-20 Harold H Seward Total organic carbon colorimeter
US3588496A (en) * 1968-12-26 1971-06-28 Gen Electric Radiation analysis apparatus having an absorption chamber with partially reflective mirror surfaces
DE2147142A1 (de) * 1970-09-23 1972-06-29 Commissariat Energie Atomique Photometrischer Analysator für zwei Wellenlängen zur quantitativen Analyse von Elementen in einer Lösung
DE2328328A1 (de) * 1973-06-04 1974-12-19 Bolander Ivar Verfahren und vorrichtung fuer die kontinuierliche messung von geloesten organischen stoffen in fluessigkeiten
DE2818841A1 (de) * 1977-04-30 1978-11-09 Olympus Optical Co Mikroskop zum ermitteln von fluoreszenzen
DE2720636A1 (de) * 1977-05-07 1978-11-09 Leybold Heraeus Gmbh & Co Kg Pneumatischer infrarot-strahlungsdetektor mit einer vakuumdichten kammer und einem strahlungsdurchlaessigen fenster
US4176963A (en) * 1975-11-28 1979-12-04 Hartman & Braun AG. Device for determining the nitrogen oxide concentration in a gaseous mixture
DE2949438A1 (de) * 1978-12-15 1980-06-26 Hewlett Packard Co Optische strahlfuehrungsvorrichtung
DE3023625A1 (de) * 1979-06-25 1981-01-15 Thermo Electron Corp System zur ueberwachung der konzentration eines spezifischen gases in einer (umwelt) probe
DE3112308A1 (de) * 1981-03-28 1982-10-14 Bodenseewerk Perkin-Elmer & Co GmbH, 7770 Überlingen Kuevettenanordnung fuer ein spektralphotometer
US4591721A (en) * 1984-10-10 1986-05-27 Andors Analyzers Incorporated Oxygen analysis employing absorption spectroscopy

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FR1465853A (fr) * 1965-02-24 1967-01-13 Mine Safety Appliances Co Procédé et dispositif pour l'analyse d'un fluide par absorption d'infra-rouge
DE2211073A1 (de) * 1972-03-08 1973-09-13 Bosch Gmbh Robert Truebungsmessgeraet
CH569972A5 (fr) * 1974-07-16 1975-11-28 Cerberus Ag
US4023909A (en) * 1976-01-15 1977-05-17 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Null balance alphameter
AU523436B2 (en) * 1977-04-19 1982-07-29 Tubemakers Of Australia Limited Colour measurement
US4303337A (en) * 1979-03-26 1981-12-01 Coulter Electronics, Inc. Apparatus for determining hemoglobin and white blood cell count in blood

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB979850A (en) * 1960-06-03 1965-01-06 Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) Improvements in methods and apparatus for measuring the relative amount of a given component of a mixture of substances by selective absorption of infrared radiation
US3588496A (en) * 1968-12-26 1971-06-28 Gen Electric Radiation analysis apparatus having an absorption chamber with partially reflective mirror surfaces
US3535044A (en) * 1969-10-22 1970-10-20 Harold H Seward Total organic carbon colorimeter
DE2147142A1 (de) * 1970-09-23 1972-06-29 Commissariat Energie Atomique Photometrischer Analysator für zwei Wellenlängen zur quantitativen Analyse von Elementen in einer Lösung
DE2328328A1 (de) * 1973-06-04 1974-12-19 Bolander Ivar Verfahren und vorrichtung fuer die kontinuierliche messung von geloesten organischen stoffen in fluessigkeiten
US4176963A (en) * 1975-11-28 1979-12-04 Hartman & Braun AG. Device for determining the nitrogen oxide concentration in a gaseous mixture
DE2818841A1 (de) * 1977-04-30 1978-11-09 Olympus Optical Co Mikroskop zum ermitteln von fluoreszenzen
DE2720636A1 (de) * 1977-05-07 1978-11-09 Leybold Heraeus Gmbh & Co Kg Pneumatischer infrarot-strahlungsdetektor mit einer vakuumdichten kammer und einem strahlungsdurchlaessigen fenster
DE2949438A1 (de) * 1978-12-15 1980-06-26 Hewlett Packard Co Optische strahlfuehrungsvorrichtung
DE3023625A1 (de) * 1979-06-25 1981-01-15 Thermo Electron Corp System zur ueberwachung der konzentration eines spezifischen gases in einer (umwelt) probe
DE3112308A1 (de) * 1981-03-28 1982-10-14 Bodenseewerk Perkin-Elmer & Co GmbH, 7770 Überlingen Kuevettenanordnung fuer ein spektralphotometer
US4591721A (en) * 1984-10-10 1986-05-27 Andors Analyzers Incorporated Oxygen analysis employing absorption spectroscopy

Cited By (30)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6010593A (en) * 1996-06-10 2000-01-04 Centre Technique De L'industrie Des Papiers, Cartons Et Celluloses Process for regulating a paper pulp deinking line and device for continuously measuring the quantity of particles contained in a liquid
US6741348B2 (en) 2002-04-29 2004-05-25 The Curators Of The University Of Missouri Ultrasensitive spectrophotometer
US7460234B2 (en) 2004-02-17 2008-12-02 The Curators Of The University Of Missouri Light scattering detector
US20050179904A1 (en) * 2004-02-17 2005-08-18 The Curators Of The University Of Missouri Light scattering detector
US8040509B2 (en) 2004-02-17 2011-10-18 The Curators Of The University Of Missouri Light scattering detector
US7268881B2 (en) 2004-02-17 2007-09-11 The Curators Of The University Of Missouri Light scattering detector
US20100002229A1 (en) * 2004-02-17 2010-01-07 The Curators Of The University Of Missouri Light Scattering Detector
US20070296971A1 (en) * 2004-02-17 2007-12-27 The Curators Of The University Of Missouri Light scattering detector
US7262844B2 (en) 2005-01-13 2007-08-28 The Curators Of The University Of Missouri Ultrasensitive spectrophotometer
US20070291255A1 (en) * 2005-01-13 2007-12-20 The Curators Of The University Of Missouri Noise cancellation in fourier transform spectrophotometry
US7903252B2 (en) * 2005-01-13 2011-03-08 The Curators Of The University Of Missouri Noise cancellation in fourier transform spectrophotometry
US20060152726A1 (en) * 2005-01-13 2006-07-13 The Curators Of The University Of Missouri Ultrasensitive spectrophotometer
US20090316150A1 (en) * 2005-11-28 2009-12-24 Myrick Michael L Self calibration methods for optical analysis system
US8345234B2 (en) * 2005-11-28 2013-01-01 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Self calibration methods for optical analysis system
US8681330B2 (en) 2006-03-09 2014-03-25 Alltech Associates, Inc. Evaporative light scattering detector
US20110083493A1 (en) * 2008-06-11 2011-04-14 The Curators Of The University Of Missouri Liquid Chromatography Detector and Flow Controller Therefor
US20120281214A1 (en) * 2011-04-13 2012-11-08 Krones Ag Method and Device for the Validation of Contamination and Cleaning in a System
US8896831B2 (en) * 2011-04-13 2014-11-25 Krones Ag Method and device for the validation of contamination and cleaning in a system
US10161851B2 (en) * 2014-08-15 2018-12-25 Tenova Goodfellow Inc. System and method for analyzing dusty industrial off-gas chemistry
US20170227453A1 (en) * 2014-08-15 2017-08-10 Tenova Goodfellow Inc. System and Method for Analyzing Dusty Industrial Off-gas Chemistry
US10648901B2 (en) 2014-08-15 2020-05-12 Tenova Goodfellow Inc. System and method for analyzing dusty industrial off-gas chemistry
EP3043169A1 (fr) * 2015-01-06 2016-07-13 Fenwal, Inc. Identification non invasive de solutions
US20180217070A1 (en) * 2015-07-21 2018-08-02 Fluidsens International Inc. Particles in liquid detection method and particles in liquid detection system and method to detect particles in the air
JP2018531395A (ja) * 2015-07-21 2018-10-25 フルイドセンス インターナショナル インコーポレイテッド 液体中または空気中の粒子検出システムおよび方法
EP3325945A4 (fr) * 2015-07-21 2019-03-13 Fluidsens International Inc. Système et procédé de détection de particules dans un liquide ou dans l'air
CN108449960A (zh) * 2015-07-21 2018-08-24 弗卢德森斯国际有限公司 用于检测液体或空气中的颗粒的系统和方法
RU2730377C2 (ru) * 2015-07-21 2020-08-21 Флюидсенс Интернешнал Инк. Система и способ обнаружения частиц в жидкости или воздухе
AU2016295720B2 (en) * 2015-07-21 2021-09-02 Fluidsens International Inc. System and method for detection of particles in liquid or in air
US11119049B2 (en) * 2015-07-21 2021-09-14 Fluidsens International Inc. Particles in liquid detection method and particles in liquid detection system and method to detect particles in the air
US11327007B2 (en) * 2019-09-26 2022-05-10 Fluidsens International Inc. Compact and secure system and method for detecting particles in fluid

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3733573A1 (de) 1989-04-20
JPH01116438A (ja) 1989-05-09
EP0310740A3 (fr) 1989-10-11
EP0310740A2 (fr) 1989-04-12

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