US4793226A - Manual device for driving screws - Google Patents

Manual device for driving screws Download PDF

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Publication number
US4793226A
US4793226A US07/021,154 US2115487A US4793226A US 4793226 A US4793226 A US 4793226A US 2115487 A US2115487 A US 2115487A US 4793226 A US4793226 A US 4793226A
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United States
Prior art keywords
ram
screw
rotary
housing
manual device
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
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US07/021,154
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English (en)
Inventor
Willy Kress
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Individual
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B21/00—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose
    • B25B21/02—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose with means for imparting impact to screwdriver blade or nut socket
    • B25B21/023—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose with means for imparting impact to screwdriver blade or nut socket for imparting an axial impact, e.g. for self-tapping screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
    • B25B27/0085—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for explosive-powered

Definitions

  • the present invention is related to a manual device of the type set forth in the heading portion of the main claim.
  • Manual devices of this type which are customarily termed power screwdrivers, are known in a wide variety of forms; in the simplest instance, they can consist of line-powered hand drills which possess means for clockwise/counterclockwise reversal and, if at all possible, means for varying the speed of the driving electric motor through appropriate actuation of the ON/OFF switch.
  • a device of this type can be employed for uninterrupted, continuous-duty service, whereby it is only necessary to change the cartridge magazine, or the power loads, which are advanced automatically within the pistol grip portion of the device in such a manner as to provide a fresh power load for each shot, and to insert an appropriately configured nail into the device from the front.
  • a device of this type can only be actuated if a special trigger safety is overcome which, for example, can consist of a press-against safety which is designed in such a manner that, by means of a mechanical lock, for example, ignition can be effected only if the device is pressed against an object to be nailed with a given degree of force, whereby a given press-against travel is simultaneously overcome.
  • a special trigger safety which, for example, can consist of a press-against safety which is designed in such a manner that, by means of a mechanical lock, for example, ignition can be effected only if the device is pressed against an object to be nailed with a given degree of force, whereby a given press-against travel is simultaneously overcome.
  • the manual device solves this object by means of the characterizing features of the main claim and offers the advantage of eliminating the disadvantages which are inherent to known line-operated or battery-operated power screwdrivers, i.e. dependence upon the electrical line or battery discharge, on the one hand, as well as a certain degree of operating cumbersomeness at the beginning of each screw driving procedure, on the other.
  • the manual device according to the present invention is entirely independent of electrical lines and, through replacement of cartridges which are contained in appropriate disposal strip magazines, can be operated for unlimited periods of time, with the advantage that, as a result of the strong dynamic force that sets in upon discharge and the impact which is produced hereby, it is possible to drive screws or correspondingly designed screw-like fasteners without the need for predrilling or premarking.
  • the manual device according to the present invention also produces axial thrust of significant force and magnitude, which is further enhanced by the inertia of the device, itself, which is customarily of medium-heavy weight.
  • strong torque is also produced, thus additionally permitting long screws to be driven into complicated materials in a trouble-free manner.
  • the driving procedure is accomplished within fractions of a second, whereby the device, itself, endeavors to maintain the connection in the area of the holder for the respective screw, i.e. in the area of the screw bit; in other words, the device endeavors not to slip, as a result of the previously explained effect whereby the holder bit, itself, performs an axial movement which, since the screw is forced to absorb the thrust that results from this axial motion, naturally produces firm engagement between the Phillips slotting in the head of the screw and the screw bit, for example.
  • the entire screw driving procedure occurs so quickly that a strong, yet soft and uniform operating sequence is ensured as a result of the dynamic driving effect and the impact of the driving procedure, without any brief, strong counter-torque, which may be developed by the screw during the driving procedure, being able to break the rotational connection or cause this connection to slip.
  • the screw driving velocity can be altered by altering the force that is exerted against a screwing ram, which can be effected by appropriately altering the caliber of the cartridges that are placed in the magazine, while the screw driving depth can be altered by appropriate selection of the thread length and/or pitch for the screw ram, which can readily be effected through replacement of the forward inserts.
  • the manual device according to the present invention is also able to handle extremely large screws which must be driven into very hard materials.
  • This also represents a preferred field of application; thus, it is therefore conceivable, for example, that screws having very deep threads could penetrate directly into those materials for which a screw driving procedure would previously not have been suitable, at least not without screw anchors, such as concrete, brick or similar walls. This is the case if, for example, mere nailing is to be avoided, as nails do no possess the specific claw action that screws exert in the respective material, and can therefore be extracted again therefrom by means of a gradual, axial pulling effect.
  • the underlying concept of the present invention is to create a manual device for driving screws or similar fasteners on the basis of and through the employment of the known power-load system of a nail shooter, as explained above, with at least a first ram, which performs merely axial movement within guide means, and a second screwing ram, which is driven thereby and which simultaneously and positively performs both axial and rotational movement, being disposed, the combined motion of the screwing ram being responsible for appropriately driving a screw which is disposed at the front end thereof.
  • a manual device 10 of this type for driving screws or similar fasteners which can also be termed a so-called power-load screw shooter, consists of a pistol grip portion 10a, as well as the bearing and guide mechanism for the various ram and cylinder assemblies, which are disposed in the barrel area 10b of manual device 10.
  • Strip magazine 14 can, in a practical manner, be slid into the pistol grip portion from below, being advanced one position upward with every "shot".
  • the explosion that is caused by the discharge of the power load produces its force in a chamber 15, which is defined on at least one side by a first ram 16, which is disposed, in a slidable manner, in appropriate ram guide means 17.
  • Ram guide means 17 can consist of a cylindrical barrel, which is mounted in a suitable manner in a housing 18 of the manual device.
  • the thrust energy that is exerted axially in the direction of guide barrel 17 and which is assumed by at least one or first ram 16 causes this first ram 16 to perform a rapid axial motion to the left, in the plane of the drawing, with a first practical example being able to be designed in such a manner that an unillustrated ramrod-like appendage is attached directly to this ram 16, with the appendage acting upon a further ram 19 and attempting to displace this ram 19, too, in the axial direction.
  • a further thrust transmission and equalizing ram 16a to be disposed between rams 16 and 19; further thrust transmission and equalizing ram 16a serve to cushion the thrust energy that acts upon it, and to thus make this thrust energy more uniform, while simultaneously ensuring that the force which is produced by ignition of respective power load 13, which originally had a very steep curve, is smoothed and levelled uniformly throughout the axial length and through the respective cushioning effects of the interposed rams.
  • Threaded toothing 20 can be designed in such a manner that a female thread 22, for example an Acme thread, is disposed in the interior of guide barrel 21 for rotary ram 19, as it will hereinafter be termed, whereby female thread 22 meshes with a corresponding male thread 23 on rotary ram 19.
  • pitch of this thread will be selected in such a manner that the axial thrust of ram(s) 16, 16a directly produces rotational motion of rotary ram 19, which, as a result of meshing threads 22 and 23, positively causes rotary ram 19 to be axially displaced, while simultaneously producing its rotational motion.
  • guide barrel 21, together with rotary ram 19 that is mounted therein can be made as long as is normally required in order to drive special screws, thereby permitting an appropriate number of turns of thread 20 to be disposed, and thus also ensuring that one single power load will be able to completely drive the respective screw into the material or object 25 against which it is placed.
  • the respectively stipulatable length of guide barrel 21 and its female thread 22 is suggested by the interruption at 26.
  • an arresting safety is also installed, which is illustrated at 27 and which consists, for example, of an arresting ball 28, which is forced through an appropriate opening in ram guide means 17 and into the path of intermediate ram 16a by a tensioning spring 29. If an appropriate force is exerted on intermediate ram 16a, it can easily force ball 28 out of the way, thus initiating the screw driving procedure.
  • screw magazine 30 which is merely suggested schematically in the drawing, permits new screws 31 to be supplied and positioned, by means of a suitable, manually actuated feed mechanism, for example, thereby permitting the next screw to always be positioned at the screw holder on rotary ram 19.
  • this holder can be designed merely in the form of a rod-shaped continuation 2 that is connected with rotary ram 19, the front end of rod-shaped continuation 32 being provided with a customary Phillips screwdriver configuration, thereby permitting it to engage the corresponding Phillips head of the respective screw 31 that is to be driven.
  • the holder can also exert a magnetic holding force upon the screw, in a known manner.
  • the operating components in the plane of the drawing that in to the right of interruption 26 are shown in the initial position, from which they, i.e. rams 16, 16a and rotary ram 19, then initially suddenly move to the left, in the plane of the drawing, upon discharge of the respective power load 13, whereby their motion subsequently becomes more uniform.
  • a screw driving procedure that has already been partially performed is shown to the left of the interruption, whereby rotary ram 19 can strike a stop 33, which is formed by a suitable compression spring or similarly designed resilient stop means, with the screw driving motion, as well as the dynamics of the rotational motion and the concussion being retarded at the end of the screw driving motion, thus preventing the screw from being overdriven.
  • a forward stop plate 34 can be disposed which, acting as a screw depth stop, interrupts the screw driving procedure when the manual device is in a fully contacting relationship with the mating surface of material 25.
  • stop surface 34 is in a contacting relationship with the mating surface of material 25 right from the very beginning, whereby the screw driving procedure is continued, with the screw concealed, until the screw has been properly driven into the material.
  • This can readily be implemented by means of suitable stops for rotary ram 19.
  • Suitable, rechargeable batteries can also be disposed within the pistol grip portion of the device; these rechargeable batteries would discharge only very gradually, since, in contrast to battery-operated power screwdrivers, it would merely be necessary for them to perform control tasks, while the actual work is effected by ignition and discharge of power load 13.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)
  • Gripping Jigs, Holding Jigs, And Positioning Jigs (AREA)
  • Dowels (AREA)
US07/021,154 1986-03-04 1987-03-03 Manual device for driving screws Expired - Fee Related US4793226A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863606927 DE3606927A1 (de) 1986-03-04 1986-03-04 Handgeraet zum einschrauben von schrauben
DE3606927 1986-03-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4793226A true US4793226A (en) 1988-12-27

Family

ID=6295396

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US07/021,154 Expired - Fee Related US4793226A (en) 1986-03-04 1987-03-03 Manual device for driving screws

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4793226A (de)
EP (1) EP0235738B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE64709T1 (de)
DE (2) DE3606927A1 (de)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0663273U (ja) * 1993-02-17 1994-09-06 マックス株式会社 ネジの打ち込みねじ込み装置
US6880252B1 (en) 2003-03-11 2005-04-19 Theodore P. Drake Hand tool for defining a starting location for an element to be driven into a substrate
US7134367B2 (en) 2002-12-09 2006-11-14 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Fastener feeding system
US20100192737A1 (en) * 2008-04-10 2010-08-05 Chih-Ching Hsieh Impact Driver
JP2011093087A (ja) * 2009-09-30 2011-05-12 Hitachi Koki Co Ltd 打込機
US20110203821A1 (en) * 2010-01-07 2011-08-25 Black & Decker Inc. Power screwdriver having rotary input control
US8418778B2 (en) 2010-01-07 2013-04-16 Black & Decker Inc. Power screwdriver having rotary input control
USRE44311E1 (en) 2004-10-20 2013-06-25 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool anti-kickback system with rotational rate sensor
USD703017S1 (en) 2011-01-07 2014-04-22 Black & Decker Inc. Screwdriver
US9266178B2 (en) 2010-01-07 2016-02-23 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool having rotary input control
US9475180B2 (en) 2010-01-07 2016-10-25 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool having rotary input control
CN110815132A (zh) * 2019-12-10 2020-02-21 上海第一机床厂有限公司 新型堆控制棒驱动机构钩爪组件及装配方法
US10589413B2 (en) 2016-06-20 2020-03-17 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool with anti-kickback control system
CN111168613A (zh) * 2020-01-17 2020-05-19 中国航发贵州航空发动机维修有限责任公司 一种航空发动机沉头螺钉分解专用解刀

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3802018A1 (de) * 1988-01-25 1989-08-03 Vielberth Inst Entw & Forsch Druckgasbetriebenes bearbeitungsgeraet
FR2633862A1 (fr) * 1988-07-05 1990-01-12 Simaf Appareil automatique de pose d'inserts du type douille
DE4334940C2 (de) * 1992-10-15 1996-10-31 Max Co Ltd Schlagschraubvorrichtung
FR2764836B1 (fr) * 1997-06-18 2001-03-02 Bernard Castagner Devisseuse-visseuse pyrotechnique

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2448995A (en) * 1944-08-09 1948-09-07 Jesse C Mccorkhill Impact screw driver
GB780338A (en) * 1953-11-04 1957-07-31 California Research Corp Para-xylene production
US3045242A (en) * 1959-12-17 1962-07-24 Adolph John Lester Explosive power activated mechanisms
US3990407A (en) * 1975-08-18 1976-11-09 Parker James T Explosively powered rotary tool
US4370906A (en) * 1980-05-05 1983-02-01 Resonant Technology Company Sequenced fastener installation system
US4428261A (en) * 1981-02-23 1984-01-31 Nisco Inc. Screw feed apparatus for use with a power screwdriving tool

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US1364296A (en) * 1919-02-10 1921-01-04 Alva F Mullan Nut-turning machine
US1555655A (en) * 1923-11-01 1925-09-29 Bryant Service Inc Explosive marking device
AT178075B (de) * 1952-08-21 1954-04-10 Langensiepen Kg M Vorrichtung zum Eintreiben von Bolzen u. dgl.
US3129619A (en) * 1961-02-03 1964-04-21 Robert A Harrison Explosively activated bolt-holding wrench
GB1056699A (en) * 1964-07-08 1967-01-25 Gkn Screws Fasteners Ltd A tool for applying a self-piercing and self-threading screw to a workpiece
FR1582954A (de) * 1968-08-27 1969-10-10
AT305922B (de) * 1969-02-18 1973-03-26 Gkn Screws Fasteners Ltd Kraftbetätigtes Werkzeug
US3603406A (en) * 1969-09-25 1971-09-07 Gkn Screws Fasteners Ltd Explosive operated power tool with impact and rotation
US3930297A (en) * 1973-11-05 1976-01-06 Duo-Fast Corporation Fastener feed apparatus and method
US3912022A (en) * 1974-05-20 1975-10-14 Sun Oil Co Pennsylvania Portable power impact wrench
DE3518517A1 (de) * 1985-05-23 1986-11-27 Hilti Ag, Schaan Antriebseinrichtung

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2448995A (en) * 1944-08-09 1948-09-07 Jesse C Mccorkhill Impact screw driver
GB780338A (en) * 1953-11-04 1957-07-31 California Research Corp Para-xylene production
US3045242A (en) * 1959-12-17 1962-07-24 Adolph John Lester Explosive power activated mechanisms
US3990407A (en) * 1975-08-18 1976-11-09 Parker James T Explosively powered rotary tool
US4370906A (en) * 1980-05-05 1983-02-01 Resonant Technology Company Sequenced fastener installation system
US4428261A (en) * 1981-02-23 1984-01-31 Nisco Inc. Screw feed apparatus for use with a power screwdriving tool

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2594079Y2 (ja) 1993-02-17 1999-04-19 マックス株式会社 ネジの打ち込みねじ込み装置
JPH0663273U (ja) * 1993-02-17 1994-09-06 マックス株式会社 ネジの打ち込みねじ込み装置
US7134367B2 (en) 2002-12-09 2006-11-14 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Fastener feeding system
US6880252B1 (en) 2003-03-11 2005-04-19 Theodore P. Drake Hand tool for defining a starting location for an element to be driven into a substrate
USRE44311E1 (en) 2004-10-20 2013-06-25 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool anti-kickback system with rotational rate sensor
USRE45112E1 (en) 2004-10-20 2014-09-09 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool anti-kickback system with rotational rate sensor
USRE44993E1 (en) 2004-10-20 2014-07-08 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool anti-kickback system with rotational rate sensor
US20100192737A1 (en) * 2008-04-10 2010-08-05 Chih-Ching Hsieh Impact Driver
US8371192B2 (en) * 2008-04-10 2013-02-12 Chihching Hsieh Impact driver
JP2011093087A (ja) * 2009-09-30 2011-05-12 Hitachi Koki Co Ltd 打込機
US20110203821A1 (en) * 2010-01-07 2011-08-25 Black & Decker Inc. Power screwdriver having rotary input control
US9321155B2 (en) 2010-01-07 2016-04-26 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool having switch and rotary input control
US8418778B2 (en) 2010-01-07 2013-04-16 Black & Decker Inc. Power screwdriver having rotary input control
US8286723B2 (en) 2010-01-07 2012-10-16 Black & Decker Inc. Power screwdriver having rotary input control
US9199362B2 (en) 2010-01-07 2015-12-01 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool having rotary input control
US9211636B2 (en) 2010-01-07 2015-12-15 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool having rotary input control
US9266178B2 (en) 2010-01-07 2016-02-23 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool having rotary input control
US10160049B2 (en) 2010-01-07 2018-12-25 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool having rotary input control
US9321156B2 (en) 2010-01-07 2016-04-26 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool having rotary input control
US9475180B2 (en) 2010-01-07 2016-10-25 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool having rotary input control
USD703017S1 (en) 2011-01-07 2014-04-22 Black & Decker Inc. Screwdriver
US10589413B2 (en) 2016-06-20 2020-03-17 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool with anti-kickback control system
US11192232B2 (en) 2016-06-20 2021-12-07 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool with anti-kickback control system
CN110815132A (zh) * 2019-12-10 2020-02-21 上海第一机床厂有限公司 新型堆控制棒驱动机构钩爪组件及装配方法
CN111168613A (zh) * 2020-01-17 2020-05-19 中国航发贵州航空发动机维修有限责任公司 一种航空发动机沉头螺钉分解专用解刀

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0235738A2 (de) 1987-09-09
DE3770954D1 (de) 1991-08-01
DE3606927C2 (de) 1991-03-28
ATE64709T1 (de) 1991-07-15
EP0235738A3 (en) 1989-04-26
DE3606927A1 (de) 1987-09-10
EP0235738B1 (de) 1991-06-26

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