US4621771A - Flow control nozzle - Google Patents

Flow control nozzle Download PDF

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Publication number
US4621771A
US4621771A US06/704,736 US70473685A US4621771A US 4621771 A US4621771 A US 4621771A US 70473685 A US70473685 A US 70473685A US 4621771 A US4621771 A US 4621771A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
nozzle
control rod
orifice
control
chip
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US06/704,736
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English (en)
Inventor
Yasutsune Chiba
Shizuo Arima
Katsumi Nozawa
Hideo Nomura
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Taisan Industrial Co Ltd
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Taisan Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Taisan Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Taisan Industrial Co Ltd
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Publication of US4621771A publication Critical patent/US4621771A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/24—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space by pressurisation of the fuel before a nozzle through which it is sprayed by a substantial pressure reduction into a space
    • F23D11/26—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space by pressurisation of the fuel before a nozzle through which it is sprayed by a substantial pressure reduction into a space with provision for varying the rate at which the fuel is sprayed
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S239/00—Fluid sprinkling, spraying, and diffusing
    • Y10S239/90—Electromagnetically actuated fuel injector having ball and seat type valve

Definitions

  • This invention relates to mainly a nozzle for gun type burner to spray and burn fuel oil fed under pressure by a pump.
  • Such gun type burners have hitherto been generally widely used because of their good firing and quenching properties and stable quantity of combustion.
  • the quantity of combustion which is different depending upon the quantity of heat required with every uses has come to be required for economy of energy.
  • the gun type burners are considerably stable in quantity of combustion because of pressure spraying type, the control of quantity of fuel oil sprayed from one and the same nozzle was extremely difficult.
  • the standard pressure applied for spraying fuel oil from the gun type burner is generally 7 kg f/cm 2 (100 PSI). Taking the case of a nozzle of 1 G pH, the quantity of fuel oil sprayed at a pressure of 7 kg f/cm 2 is approximately 3.78 l/H. The quantity sprayed at half the pressure is 2.6 l/H, which means that 50% change in pressure causes only 30% change in quantity of spray, and the decrease in spraying pressure resulted in coarse particles sprayed and consequently extremely worse state of combustion. Thus the control process of decreasing the pressure of fuel oil could not be used practically.
  • Such method comprising returning a portion of fuel oil under pressure from a nozzle, permits only two step change-over of the quantity of combustion and requires a proportional control valve to perform the proportional control.
  • the system for carrying out such method became considerably expensive as a control system, and therefore had no marketability and could not continue to exist as commodities.
  • the control of the gun type burner has been performed depending upon ON-OFF control from an aspect of cost.
  • a flow control nozzle comprising a joint body having an inlet and an axial through-hole, a nozzle chip means mounted at one end of the joint body and having an orifice at the center of the front end, a cone chip means supported in abutting engagement with a tapered face within a cavity of said nozzle chip means and having turning grooves, a control rod means supported slidably in a center through-hole of the cone chip means and at one end shaped so as to close the orifice of the nozzle chip means and at the other end biased in the direction opposite to the orifice of the nozzle chip means, a plunger case mounted at the end of the joint body opposite to the nozzle chip means, an electromagnetic plunger fitted for sliding motion in the plunger case and biased toward the control rod by a spring, and an electromagnetic coil arranged so as to enclose the periphery of the plunger case, whereby upon excitation of the electro magnetic coil, the control rod may be displaced together with the electromagnetic plunger thereby
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of one embodiment of a flow control nozzle according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the nozzle chip portion in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram of quantity sprayed VS driving frequency of a flow control nozzle
  • FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram of quantity sprayed VS driving current flow time of the flow control nozzle.
  • FIG. 5 is an example of a driving circuit for the flow control nozzle according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 which shows a flow control nozzle according to the invention
  • a nozzle chip 1 having at the front end thereof an orifice 2 is threadably connected at the other end to a joint body 6.
  • a cone chip 3 with a truncated cone of head is fastened to the nozzle chip 1 by tightly screwing a chip retainer 5 into the cavity 1b of the nozzle chip 1, so that the generating surface of the truncated cone of the nozzle chip 3 is in abutting engagement with a tapered portion 1a in the cavity 1b of the nozzle chip 1.
  • the chip retainer 5 is provided with a plurality of circular apertures 5a for oil passages.
  • the cone chip 3 is formed, on the generating surface of the truncated cone, with a plurality of turning grooves 4 and 4' arranged tangentially radially.
  • a control rod 10 is fitted for sliding motion within a longitudinal through-hole 3a in the center of the cone chip 3.
  • a ball 9 is radially floatingly retained to thereby compensate any possible offset between the orifice 2 of the nozzle chip 1 and the control rod 10, as will be described later in detail.
  • the front end of the control rod 10 may be machined to either spherical surface or conical surface so that the orifice 2 may be closed with such surface.
  • the control rod 10 is energized in the direction opposite to the cone chip 3 by a coil spring 11 which biases the flange of the control rod 10, and presses one end of a magnetic plunger 15 through a connector 14.
  • the magnetic plunger 15 is energized at the other end toward the nozzle chip 1 by a coil spring 19 so as to overcome the biasing force of the coil spring 11, whereby the front end of the control rod 10 closes the orifice 2 in the cavity 1b of the nozzle chip 1.
  • a tubular filter 7 having oil passages 7a and a filter net 8 is threadably connected to the end of the internal thread of the nozzle chip 1 concentrically with the chip retainer 5, and the connector 14 is slidably fitted in the center through-hole of the tubular filter 7.
  • the electromagnetic plunger 15 is slidably accommodated within a sealed portion formed by a plunger case 17 having magnetic paths 16 and 18 firmly mounted on either ends thereof.
  • the magnetic path 16 at one end of the sealed portion is threadably connected to the joint body 6 with sealed condition kept by an O-ring 25.
  • the magnetic path 18 at the other end of the sealed portion has in the center through-hole an adjusting rod 21 having at one side thereof a portion 21 with an O-ring 26 to seal, and at the other side a threaded portion 21a screwed in the internal thread of the magnetic path 18 and locked by a nut.
  • a spring seat 20 for the coil spring 19 is mounted on the inner end of the adjusting rod 21.
  • An electromagnetic coil 24 is arranged at the outside of the sealed portion, and an outer casing 23 for magnetic path and cover is mounted on the magnetic paths 16 and 18 so as to enclose the outside of the electromagnetic coil 24 and fastened to the joint body 6 by a nut 22.
  • the joint body 6 is integrally formed with a suction joint 12 having an inlet 13.
  • the fuel oil bed under pressure into the inlet 13 as indicated in the arrow mark "a" passes through the filter net 8, the oil passages 7a and the oil passages 5a and then to the outer periphery of the cone chip 3. Furthermore, the fuel oil under pressure flows in the turning grooves 4 and 4' of the cone chip 3 and then reaches the orifice portion 2a of the nozzle chip 1 which is closed by one end of the control rod 10.
  • the control rod 10 is moved while repeating fine reciprocating motions, thereby making the above-mentioned flow resistance due to the control rod 10 uniform.
  • the minimum quantity of spray may be restrained less without damaging the turning characteristics and the angle of spray, and also the control ratio of flow may be elevated, thus facilitating the proportional control to be performed.
  • the electromagnetic plunger 15 and the control rod 10 in abutting engagement therewith through the connector 14 are kept in balanced and pressure engaging relationship by two springs 11 and 19, and are moved in reciprocating motion from a position of rest in the direction of arrow mark C by the intermittent electromagnetic attracting force generated by pulse current for exciting the electromagnetic coil 24, and are returned to the initial position.
  • the electromagnetic plunger 15 and the control rod 10 after being moved in the direction of arrow mark C by the magnetic attracting force are not restored to the initial rest position by the biasing force of the spring 19 when the magnetic force collapses, and therefore are returned only to a position shifted slightly away from the position of rest or the position of closing the orifice in the direction of arrow C, thus being moved in micro-reciprocating motion.
  • a zone of frequency of pulse current should be determined and used.
  • Such zone of frequency is a range of approximately 25-100 Hz.
  • the control rod in the left end of the stroke the control rod is placed at a position shifted away from its rest position with the coil de-energized.
  • the mean distance between the end of the control rod and the orifice of the nozzle chip, the mean effective area of opening, and therefore the degree of opening the orifice, and the flow resistance of fluid at the orifice can be adjusted by varying the stroke length, thereby permitting variable adjustment of the quantity of fluid sprayed from the nozzle to a desired value.
  • pulse current for energizing the electromagnetic coil is shut off, the end of the control rod moves to its rest position and closes the orifice of the nozzle chip.
  • the screw 21a of the adjusting rod 21 may be turned clockwise or counterclockwise to vary the deflection of the springs 19, 11 to thereby change the biasing force thereof, so that the quantity sprayed from the nozzle may be adjusted and also chattering may be prevented.
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged view of a part of the nozzle chip.
  • the ball 9 is loosely fitted in a ball receiving portion 10a at the front end of the control rod 10 so that the ball 9 is floatingly supported and held for slight displacement in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the control rod 10, and the latter is caulked at the front end to prevent the ball 9 from falling.
  • the ball 9 With the orifice 2 closed, the ball 9 is at one side thereof in abutting engagement with the bottom face of the ball receiving portion 10a and at the opposite side with the tapered portion 1a in the cavity 1b of the nozzle chip 1, whereby the ball 9 is positioned concentrically with the orifice 2 to close the same.
  • there exists a gap which allows the fluid to flow between the caulked portion of the front end 10b of the control rod 10 and the tapered portion 1a in the cavity 1b of the nozzle chip 1.
  • any minute offset can occur between the center of the tapered portion 1a of the nozzle chip 1 and the center of the control rod 10.
  • unfavorable matters can occur such as the leak at the time of rest of the flow control nozzle, the distortion of an angle of spray and a pattern showing a state of distribution thereof during spraying operation.
  • the ball 9 displaces automatically to a position concentric with the orifice 2 a distance corresponding to the degree of offset, whereby any offset can be compensated and the positive closing and the exact spraying pattern can be expected.
  • FIG. 3 shows a characteristic diagram of the flow control nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is plotted with the control frequency fHz taken on the axis of abscissa and the quantity Q l/H sprayed from the control nozzle taken on the axis of ordinate.
  • the diagram having a substantial linear proportional relationship, shows how such control nozzle is easy to control.
  • FIG. 4 shows a characteristic diagram of the flow control nozzle in which the control frequency fHz on the axis of abscissa is replaced by the current flow time (width of pulse) Tmsec.
  • the relationship between the frequency and the quantity sprayed Q l/H is the same as in FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 5 shows an example of a drive circuit for the control nozzle to perform the control of hot water using the flow control nozzle according to the present invention, which is a circuit intended to change automatically the drive frequency of the control nozzle.
  • the a. c. power source applied to input terminals A, B is all-wave rectified and smoothed by a bridge comprising diodes D 1 -D 4 , a resistor R 1 and a capacitor C 1 .
  • the electromagnetic coil V of the flow control nozzle is connected in series to a first thyrister SCR 1 .
  • a fixed resistor R 13 and a variable resistor VR 2 are connected in series to a second thyristor SCR 2 , and all are connected in parallel to the series circuit of the above-mentioned electromagnetic coil V and first thyristor SCR 1 .
  • the circuit block I at the leftside of the series circuit of the electromagnetic coil V and first thyristor SCR 1 is a circuit intended to control the firing angle of the first thyristor SCR 1 according to a set value and a detected value of temperature, and is operated by a d.c. voltage stabilized by a zener diode 2D.
  • the variable resistor VR 1 and a thermistor TH in the circuit block I constitute a portion of a temperature detecting bridge. VR 1 performs manual temperature setting and TH performs detecting temperature in a room or hot water.
  • the output signal in the temperature detecting bridge comprising VR 1 , TH and every resistors is amplified to a suitable level and control the operation of a programmable unijunction transistor PUT for control of firing angle of first thyristor SCR 1 .
  • SCR 1 is conducted and current flows through the electromagnetic coil V.
  • the charge of the capacitor C 4 in the circuit block II mainly comprising the second thyristor SCR 2 is started, and when such charge has reached a predetermined value, the trigger diode TD is turned on. With the turn-on of TD, SCR 2 is turned on and charge in the capacitor C 4 is discharged through SCR 2 so that SCR 1 is turned off. Thereafter such process is repeated.
  • the circuit block II is consequently a circuit intended to determine the current flow time of SCR 1 , and the current flow time from the conduction to turn-off of SCR 1 may be suitably set by adjusting the required time of the capacitor C 4 by means of the variable resistor VR 2 .
  • circuit elements other than the ones specified above is obvious for those skilled in the art and the circuit constants and others are all omitted, but they will be able to be suitably selected by those skilled in the art depending upon the use and object.
  • control circuit it is possible to control the charging time of the commutation capacitor C 4 by the variable resistor VR 2 .
  • This change in charging time causes the change in conduction time of the extinction thyristor, and therefore the change in turn-off time of SCR 1 .
  • the duration time for pulse current flowing through the electromagnetic coil is varied, and therefore the magnetic attracting force produced in the electromagnetic plunger is varied.
  • the associated control rod 10 is changed in momentum to thereby vary the degree of opening the orifice 2, so that the quantity sprayed from the nozzle may be adjusted.
  • the advantages of the present invention resides in the realization of the proportional control of the gun type burner which has hitherto been said to be impossible, and therefore the present invention will considerably benefit in general.
  • the flow control nozzle according to the present invention may be applied to the related control between temperature and quantity of water spray in spraying humidification water.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)
US06/704,736 1982-02-16 1985-02-25 Flow control nozzle Expired - Lifetime US4621771A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP57022116A JPS58140508A (ja) 1982-02-16 1982-02-16 流量制御ノズル
JP57-22116 1982-02-16

Related Parent Applications (1)

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US06450377 Continuation-In-Part 1982-12-16

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4783009A (en) * 1987-04-27 1988-11-08 Brunswick Corporation Calibration adjustment of electromagnetic fuel injectors
US5458294A (en) * 1994-04-04 1995-10-17 G & L Development, Inc. Control system for controlling gas fuel flow
WO1999049211A1 (de) * 1998-03-25 1999-09-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brennstoffeinspritzventil
US20040089743A1 (en) * 2002-10-24 2004-05-13 Charles Tilton Actuated atomizer
US20040126725A1 (en) * 2002-08-29 2004-07-01 Nortiz Corporation Combustion apparatus
US20060138372A1 (en) * 2002-09-25 2006-06-29 Bsh Bosch Und Siemens Hausgerate Gmbh Gas tap comprising an electromagnetic safety valve and magnetic insert for an electromagnetic safety valve
US20080241781A1 (en) * 2005-10-28 2008-10-02 Sefmat Rue De Betnoms Hot Air Internal Ignition Burner/Generator
JP2013068366A (ja) * 2011-09-22 2013-04-18 Miura Co Ltd 流量可変ノズル及び燃焼装置
US20180306156A1 (en) * 2015-10-08 2018-10-25 Continental Automotive Gmbh Valve Assembly For An Injection Valve
CN115386705A (zh) * 2022-08-20 2022-11-25 山东盛阳金属科技股份有限公司 一种tc4钛合金热连轧板卷及其酸洗工艺

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6111517A (ja) * 1984-06-28 1986-01-18 Shizuoka Seiki Co Ltd 可変吐出量旋回噴霧ノズル
JPH0238191Y2 (enExample) * 1986-07-02 1990-10-16
JPH0816471B2 (ja) * 1987-07-31 1996-02-21 株式会社日立製作所 電磁式燃料噴射弁
JPH0710471B2 (ja) * 1989-09-25 1995-02-08 株式会社日立製作所 複数部材からなる精密部品の同心結合方法、及びこれを利用した燃料噴射弁のノズル組立方法
US6908299B2 (en) 2002-08-29 2005-06-21 Noritz Corporation Combustion apparatus
CN120445341B (zh) * 2025-07-07 2025-09-09 四川凯创机电设备有限公司 一种孔板流量计

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE246311C (enExample) *
GB390667A (en) * 1932-06-01 1933-04-13 Alfred Wiseman Ltd Improvements in or relating to atomisers or fuel injection devices for internal combustion engines of the diesel or compression ignition type
US3241768A (en) * 1963-05-01 1966-03-22 Ass Eng Ltd Fuel injection valves
US3884195A (en) * 1969-01-31 1975-05-20 Electronique Informatique Soc Electronic control system for internal combustion engine
US3884417A (en) * 1972-02-01 1975-05-20 Plessey Handel Investment Ag Nozzles for the injection of liquid fuel into gaseous media
DE2508390A1 (de) * 1975-02-26 1976-09-09 Bosch Gmbh Robert Einspritz-magnetventil
US4179069A (en) * 1977-06-03 1979-12-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Electromagnetically operated fuel injection valve
US4232830A (en) * 1978-11-01 1980-11-11 The Bendix Corporation Electromagnetic fuel injector
US4247052A (en) * 1979-10-09 1981-01-27 General Motors Corporation Electromagnetic fuel injector
US4274598A (en) * 1978-02-18 1981-06-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Electromagnetic fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines
US4307838A (en) * 1978-06-24 1981-12-29 Plessey Handel Und Investments Ag Fuel injector
US4310123A (en) * 1980-07-21 1982-01-12 General Motors Corporation Electromagnetic fuel injector with adjustable armature spring
US4483485A (en) * 1981-12-11 1984-11-20 Aisan Kogyo kabuskiki Kaisha Electromagnetic fuel injector

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE246311C (enExample) *
GB390667A (en) * 1932-06-01 1933-04-13 Alfred Wiseman Ltd Improvements in or relating to atomisers or fuel injection devices for internal combustion engines of the diesel or compression ignition type
US3241768A (en) * 1963-05-01 1966-03-22 Ass Eng Ltd Fuel injection valves
US3884195A (en) * 1969-01-31 1975-05-20 Electronique Informatique Soc Electronic control system for internal combustion engine
US3884417A (en) * 1972-02-01 1975-05-20 Plessey Handel Investment Ag Nozzles for the injection of liquid fuel into gaseous media
DE2508390A1 (de) * 1975-02-26 1976-09-09 Bosch Gmbh Robert Einspritz-magnetventil
US4179069A (en) * 1977-06-03 1979-12-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Electromagnetically operated fuel injection valve
US4274598A (en) * 1978-02-18 1981-06-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Electromagnetic fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines
US4307838A (en) * 1978-06-24 1981-12-29 Plessey Handel Und Investments Ag Fuel injector
US4232830A (en) * 1978-11-01 1980-11-11 The Bendix Corporation Electromagnetic fuel injector
US4247052A (en) * 1979-10-09 1981-01-27 General Motors Corporation Electromagnetic fuel injector
US4310123A (en) * 1980-07-21 1982-01-12 General Motors Corporation Electromagnetic fuel injector with adjustable armature spring
US4483485A (en) * 1981-12-11 1984-11-20 Aisan Kogyo kabuskiki Kaisha Electromagnetic fuel injector

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4783009A (en) * 1987-04-27 1988-11-08 Brunswick Corporation Calibration adjustment of electromagnetic fuel injectors
US5458294A (en) * 1994-04-04 1995-10-17 G & L Development, Inc. Control system for controlling gas fuel flow
WO1999049211A1 (de) * 1998-03-25 1999-09-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brennstoffeinspritzventil
US6427666B1 (en) 1998-03-25 2002-08-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection valve
CN1109816C (zh) * 1998-03-25 2003-05-28 罗伯特·博施有限公司 喷油阀
US6918757B2 (en) * 2002-08-29 2005-07-19 Noritz Corporation Combustion apparatus
US20040126725A1 (en) * 2002-08-29 2004-07-01 Nortiz Corporation Combustion apparatus
US20040170937A1 (en) * 2002-08-29 2004-09-02 Kimiaki Asano Combustion apparatus
US7004749B2 (en) * 2002-08-29 2006-02-28 Noritz Corporation Combustion apparatus
US20060138372A1 (en) * 2002-09-25 2006-06-29 Bsh Bosch Und Siemens Hausgerate Gmbh Gas tap comprising an electromagnetic safety valve and magnetic insert for an electromagnetic safety valve
US9140451B2 (en) * 2002-09-25 2015-09-22 Bsh Hausgeraete Gmbh Gas tap comprising an electromagnetic safety valve and magnetic insert for an electromagnetic safety valve
US20040089743A1 (en) * 2002-10-24 2004-05-13 Charles Tilton Actuated atomizer
US7370817B2 (en) * 2002-10-24 2008-05-13 Isothermal Systems Research Inc. Actuated atomizer
US20080241781A1 (en) * 2005-10-28 2008-10-02 Sefmat Rue De Betnoms Hot Air Internal Ignition Burner/Generator
US8678816B2 (en) * 2005-10-28 2014-03-25 Sefmat Hot air internal ignition burner/generator
JP2013068366A (ja) * 2011-09-22 2013-04-18 Miura Co Ltd 流量可変ノズル及び燃焼装置
US20180306156A1 (en) * 2015-10-08 2018-10-25 Continental Automotive Gmbh Valve Assembly For An Injection Valve
CN115386705A (zh) * 2022-08-20 2022-11-25 山东盛阳金属科技股份有限公司 一种tc4钛合金热连轧板卷及其酸洗工艺

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH025145B2 (enExample) 1990-01-31
JPS58140508A (ja) 1983-08-20

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