US4604077A - Constant-speed tripod joint having an axial retention - Google Patents

Constant-speed tripod joint having an axial retention Download PDF

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Publication number
US4604077A
US4604077A US06/710,525 US71052585A US4604077A US 4604077 A US4604077 A US 4604077A US 71052585 A US71052585 A US 71052585A US 4604077 A US4604077 A US 4604077A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
joint
axis
roller
arm
tripod
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
US06/710,525
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English (en)
Inventor
Michel A. Orain
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Glaenzer Spicer SA
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Glaenzer Spicer SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/202—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints
    • F16D3/205—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints the pins extending radially outwardly from the coupling part
    • F16D3/2055—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints the pins extending radially outwardly from the coupling part having three pins, i.e. true tripod joints
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/202—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints
    • F16D2003/2026—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints with trunnion rings, i.e. with tripod joints having rollers supported by a ring on the trunnion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S464/00—Rotary shafts, gudgeons, housings, and flexible couplings for rotary shafts
    • Y10S464/904—Homokinetic coupling
    • Y10S464/905—Torque transmitted via radially extending pin

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a constant-speed tripod joint of the type comprising a bell element provided with three pairs of tracks, the lines of the centers of which are curved, and a tripod element fixed axially inside the bell element, this tripod element comprising three arms each of which carries a roller which slides along the arm and is preferably rotatable about the axis of the arm.
  • These joints are usually employed for driving the driving wheels of front-drive automobiles.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a constant-speed joint of this type, which has a high torque transmission capacity for a small volume and low weight and a high efficiency, even at large break angles.
  • the invention therefore provides a joint of the aforementioned type, wherein each roller is also mounted to pivot about a single axis which is parallel to or roughly parallel to the general axis of the tripod element.
  • the axial retention of the tripod element can be ensured solely by the bearing of the rollers against the edges of the tracks.
  • each roller has a toric rolling surface, each track having a corresponding toric surface which is bordered on the outer edge by a spherical region which is centered on the center of the bell element.
  • each track surrounds the corresponding roller at an angle of about 120°.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a constantspeed joint according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view thereof taken along line 2--2 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view, on an enlarged scale, of a bearing bush of this joint
  • FIG. 4 is a view of the same bearing bush, partly in top plan and partly in section along line 4--4 of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a modification of the roller
  • FIG. 6 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of a joint according to the invention employing rollers such as that shown in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of a modification of the joint according to the invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line 8--8 of FIG. 7.
  • tripod joints will be described in their preferably aligned positions as shown in the drawings.
  • the joints then have a ternary symmetry about their axis X--X.
  • the joint 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises a male or tripod element 2 which is received in a female or bell element 3.
  • the tripod element 2 comprises a central hub 4 fitted on a shaft 5 and keyed to the latter at a short distance from its end by splines 6 and a circlip 7.
  • Extending radially outwardly from hub 4 and spaced 120° apart are three arms 8 each of which has a cylindrical shape having an axis Y--Y parallel to the axis X--X and is defined by two planar end surfaces 9, 10 perpendicular to the axis X--X.
  • Each arm 8 has a central bore 11 centered on the axis Y--Y.
  • Each arm 8 carries a rotatable slidable and pivotable roller 12 with interposition of a bearing bush 13.
  • Each roller 12 which is symmetrical relative to a median plane parallel to the axis X--X, comprises an outer surface constituted essentially by a toric region 14 which is extended by two frustoconical regions 15. Internally, the roller defines a cylindrical bore 16 whose axial dimension is relatively large owing to the presence of the two regions 15.
  • Bearing bush 13 is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. It comprises a cylindrical outer surface 17, an axial aperture 18 having a constant rectangular section roughly corresponding to the diametrical section of the arm 8 and, half-way along its height, a diametrical bore 19 having the same diameter as the bore 11 of the arm 8. Its outer end surface is provided with four outer chamfers 20 which extend from the ends of the two axes of symmetry of the aperture 18, and two diametrically opposed inner chamfers 21 provided on the inner end surface of the bush, on each side of the bore 11.
  • Each bearing bush 13 is mounted by its aperture 18 on an arm 8, and a pin 22, whose length is slightly less than the diameter of the bush, is mounted with a force fit in the bore 11 and extends on each side of the bore 19.
  • the bush is mounted on the pin 22 to pivot about the axis Y--Y and the corresponding roller 12 is rotatably and slidably mounted by its bore 16 on the cylindrical surface 17 of the bush.
  • the bell element 3 has a generally semi-spherical shape and a thin wall which extends somewhat beyond its transverse diametrical plane Q and is defined by a planar surface which defines an entrance opening 23. Opposite to the latter, the bell element is rigid with a second shaft 24 which is connected to the shaft 5 by the joint 1 and constitutes for example a wheel stub-axle.
  • An inner spherical surface 25 of the bell element 3 is provided with three ribs 26 (FIG. 2) defining three cavities for the rollers 12. Each cavity is laterally bordered by two confronting tracks 27.
  • Each track 27 has a concave toric shape, and its cross-section is constant in the shape of an arc of a circle whose radius is very slightly greater than that of the toric surface 14 of the rollers, a line 28 through the center of the track is also circular and it is contained in a plane R perpendicular to a plane P when the joint is in alignment and parallel to the axis of the shaft 24, and centered on the diameter D of the bell element perpendicular to this plane R.
  • the line 28 extends through about 90° from the entrance 23 of the bell element symmetrically relative to the transverse diametrical plane Q of the bell element.
  • the plane Q is also an axial plane of the rollers 12.
  • the mean planes P of the latter are parallel to the axis X--X.
  • the rollers are tangentially in contact by their surface 14, on one hand, with the section of the tracks 27 contained in the plane Q (FIG. 2), and, on the other hand, with a point 29 of the inner spherical surface 25 of the bell element (FIG. 1).
  • rollers If a pull is exerted on the shaft 5, the rollers abut against the outer edge of their track 27 and, as they cannot turn about an axis perpendicular to the axis Y--Y of the pin 22, they are immobilized. This abutment and, in the other direction, the contacts 29, axially position the tripod element in the bell element in a positive and natural manner, even when the joint has a break angle without requiring any additional means, since the tangential contact of the three tori 27, 14, 27 constrains the axis of revolution of each roller to pass through the centre 0 of the bell element.
  • each track 27 is extended by a small spherical region 30 centered on the center 0 of the bell element.
  • the rollers 12 are then slightly smaller and the tori 14 and 27 are tangent to each other and to the sphere 30 at a common point 31 on each side of the diametrical plane of the bell element containing the axes X--X and Y--Y. Geometrically, this corresponds to the aligment of the points 31 and 0 with the center T of the track, which point T pertains to the line of the centers of this track.
  • the maximum break angle ⁇ of the joint is defined (FIG. 1) by the contacting of the shaft 5 with the chamfers 3A provided at the entrance of the bell element. It may be as much as 50°.
  • the joint 1 is therefore a joint having a very large break angle and has for a small overall size a specific capacity (or torque capacity with respect to the cube of the outside diameter) considerably greater than that of conventional joints, this latter advantage resulting in particu1ar from the large dimensions of the three rollers 12 inscribed within the bell element 3 (FIG. 2).
  • Each track 27 surrounds the roller 12 over an arc of about 120°, which avoids any jamming.
  • each roller has in its bore 16 a recess 33 bordered by two needle retaining flanges 34.
  • the ends 35 of the pins 22A are spherical and centered in the middle of these pins so as to retain the needles in the middle thereof at each end in the region of the orifices by way of which the bores 19 of the bushes communicate with the exterior of the latter.
  • each bearing bush 13A can have a continuous cylindrical outer surface 17, i.e. without a diametrical bore 19, with an axial aperture 18A in the shape of a cylinder having an axis Y--Y directly cooperating with a corresponding cylindrical surface 36 of the arm 8A of the tripod element.
  • the bearing bush may be formed by two halves which are maintained in adjoining relation by the associated roller.
  • a gaiter for protecting the mechanism and retaining the lubricant is provided.
  • the axis of the line 28 through the center of each track may, instead of passing through the centre 0 of the joint as in FIGS. 1 and 2, be slightly offset relative to the corresponding diameter of the bell element either axially or radially or axially and radially.
  • the invention is applicable also to fixed tripod joints in which the arms of the tripod elements are convergent and not divergent and extend radially through the bell element provided with the tracks.
  • the important advantage of small radial overall size of the joint is then lost.
  • the outer surface of the rollers may also be concave, in which case the tracks would then have a convex contour.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Friction Gearing (AREA)
  • Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Walking Sticks, Umbrellas, And Fans (AREA)
  • Branch Pipes, Bends, And The Like (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
US06/710,525 1982-03-15 1985-03-12 Constant-speed tripod joint having an axial retention Expired - Fee Related US4604077A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8204318 1982-03-15
FR8204318A FR2523236B1 (fr) 1982-03-15 1982-03-15 Joint homocinetique a tripode a retenue axiale

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US06473434 Continuation 1983-03-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4604077A true US4604077A (en) 1986-08-05

Family

ID=9271995

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US06/710,525 Expired - Fee Related US4604077A (en) 1982-03-15 1985-03-12 Constant-speed tripod joint having an axial retention

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4604077A (ja)
JP (1) JPS58170918A (ja)
DE (1) DE3308636C2 (ja)
ES (1) ES520074A0 (ja)
FR (1) FR2523236B1 (ja)
GB (1) GB2117869B (ja)
IT (1) IT1159372B (ja)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4747803A (en) * 1985-09-17 1988-05-31 Ntn Toyo Bearing Co., Ltd. Tripod homokinetic universal joint with cylindrical rollers and a flat roller guide
US4854917A (en) * 1986-12-23 1989-08-08 Nippon Seiko Kabushiki Kaisha Tripot type constant velocity universal joint
US4955847A (en) * 1987-10-27 1990-09-11 Glaenzer-Spicer Homokinetic transmission joint having a tripod element connected to a housing element by rolling elements on the tripod element and rolling tracks in the housing element
US5098342A (en) * 1989-04-27 1992-03-24 Nippon Seiko Kabushiki Kaisha Tripod type constant velocity joint
US6431986B2 (en) * 1998-07-31 2002-08-13 Ina Wälzlager Schaeffer oHG Constant-velocity universal joint of a tripod type

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2550292B1 (fr) * 1983-08-02 1988-10-28 Glaenzer Spicer Sa Joint de transmission, notamment pour vehicule automobile
DE3521174A1 (de) * 1984-07-02 1986-01-23 Uni-Cardan Ag, 5200 Siegburg Gleichlaufgelenk, insbesondere fuer antriebswellen mit hoher drehzahl
JPH0235052Y2 (ja) * 1985-06-24 1990-09-21
FR2586072B1 (fr) * 1985-08-07 1990-03-09 Glaenzer Spicer Sa Joint de transmission pour vehicule automobile a precontrainte axiale
FR2622264B1 (fr) * 1987-10-27 1991-10-31 Glaenzer Spicer Sa Joint de transmission homocinetique
DE3936600C2 (de) * 1989-11-03 1994-01-13 Loehr & Bromkamp Gmbh Tripodegelenk
ES2088759B1 (es) * 1992-12-08 1998-08-01 Gkn Automotive Ag Articulacion giratoria sincronica
DE4411515C1 (de) * 1994-04-02 1995-08-03 Gkn Automotive Ag Gelenkaußenteil für ein Gleichlaufdrehgelenk und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
FR2770598B3 (fr) * 1997-11-04 1999-10-15 Michel Orain Joint homocinetique coulissant

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR461477A (fr) * 1912-08-24 1913-12-30 Usines Pipe Sa Joint de cardan à déplacement axial et à graissage automatique
DE759573C (de) * 1939-10-06 1953-05-26 Auto Union A G Zum Antrieb von Kraftfahrzeugen dienendes Kreuzgelenk
US2670614A (en) * 1951-12-28 1954-03-02 Wildhaber Ernest Universal joint drive
FR1352259A (fr) * 1963-01-04 1964-02-14 Citroen Sa Andre Perfectionnements aux joints homocinétiques
FR1398210A (fr) * 1963-05-03 1965-05-07 Nat Res Dev Transmission à rapport variable
FR1398998A (fr) * 1963-05-07 1965-05-14 Nat Res Dev Perfectionnements à une transmission variable d'une façon continue
FR2199825A5 (ja) * 1972-09-15 1974-04-12 Wahlmark Systems
FR2369456A1 (fr) * 1976-10-27 1978-05-26 Hitachi Construction Machinery Joint universel a vitesse constante
FR2422064A1 (fr) * 1978-04-05 1979-11-02 Honda Motor Co Ltd Joint universel homocinetique du type coulissant
US4175407A (en) * 1977-03-04 1979-11-27 Glaenzer Spicer Homokinetic joint allowing a large angular displacement
FR2476775A1 (fr) * 1980-02-25 1981-08-28 Honda Motor Co Ltd Joint universel homocinetique du type coulissant

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2453313A1 (fr) * 1979-04-04 1980-10-31 Glaenzer Spicer Sa Joint homocinetique coulissant a tripode et transmission a arbre flottant correspondante

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR461477A (fr) * 1912-08-24 1913-12-30 Usines Pipe Sa Joint de cardan à déplacement axial et à graissage automatique
DE759573C (de) * 1939-10-06 1953-05-26 Auto Union A G Zum Antrieb von Kraftfahrzeugen dienendes Kreuzgelenk
US2670614A (en) * 1951-12-28 1954-03-02 Wildhaber Ernest Universal joint drive
FR1352259A (fr) * 1963-01-04 1964-02-14 Citroen Sa Andre Perfectionnements aux joints homocinétiques
FR1398210A (fr) * 1963-05-03 1965-05-07 Nat Res Dev Transmission à rapport variable
FR1398998A (fr) * 1963-05-07 1965-05-14 Nat Res Dev Perfectionnements à une transmission variable d'une façon continue
GB1002479A (en) * 1963-05-07 1965-08-25 Nat Res Dev Improvements in or relating to a continuously variable ratio transmission
FR2199825A5 (ja) * 1972-09-15 1974-04-12 Wahlmark Systems
FR2369456A1 (fr) * 1976-10-27 1978-05-26 Hitachi Construction Machinery Joint universel a vitesse constante
US4175407A (en) * 1977-03-04 1979-11-27 Glaenzer Spicer Homokinetic joint allowing a large angular displacement
FR2422064A1 (fr) * 1978-04-05 1979-11-02 Honda Motor Co Ltd Joint universel homocinetique du type coulissant
FR2476775A1 (fr) * 1980-02-25 1981-08-28 Honda Motor Co Ltd Joint universel homocinetique du type coulissant

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4747803A (en) * 1985-09-17 1988-05-31 Ntn Toyo Bearing Co., Ltd. Tripod homokinetic universal joint with cylindrical rollers and a flat roller guide
US4854917A (en) * 1986-12-23 1989-08-08 Nippon Seiko Kabushiki Kaisha Tripot type constant velocity universal joint
US4955847A (en) * 1987-10-27 1990-09-11 Glaenzer-Spicer Homokinetic transmission joint having a tripod element connected to a housing element by rolling elements on the tripod element and rolling tracks in the housing element
US5098342A (en) * 1989-04-27 1992-03-24 Nippon Seiko Kabushiki Kaisha Tripod type constant velocity joint
US6431986B2 (en) * 1998-07-31 2002-08-13 Ina Wälzlager Schaeffer oHG Constant-velocity universal joint of a tripod type

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT1159372B (it) 1987-02-25
FR2523236A1 (fr) 1983-09-16
GB2117869A (en) 1983-10-19
JPH0361049B2 (ja) 1991-09-18
DE3308636C2 (de) 1985-04-11
ES8401204A1 (es) 1983-12-01
FR2523236B1 (fr) 1987-03-20
JPS58170918A (ja) 1983-10-07
GB2117869B (en) 1985-07-31
ES520074A0 (es) 1983-12-01
IT8367281A0 (it) 1983-03-14
GB8306573D0 (en) 1983-04-13
DE3308636A1 (de) 1983-10-20

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