US4202931A - Superconducting articles of manufacture and method of producing same - Google Patents

Superconducting articles of manufacture and method of producing same Download PDF

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US4202931A
US4202931A US05/508,586 US50858674A US4202931A US 4202931 A US4202931 A US 4202931A US 50858674 A US50858674 A US 50858674A US 4202931 A US4202931 A US 4202931A
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nbcl
temperature
vapor
gecl
gas
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US05/508,586
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English (en)
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Lawrence R. Newkirk
Flavio A. Valencia
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US Department of Energy
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US Department of Energy
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Priority to US05/508,586 priority Critical patent/US4202931A/en
Priority to GB3548875A priority patent/GB1470280A/en
Priority to CA234,509A priority patent/CA1060729A/en
Priority to FR7529001A priority patent/FR2285725A1/fr
Priority to CH1228975A priority patent/CH617722A5/de
Priority to DE19752542379 priority patent/DE2542379A1/de
Priority to JP50114367A priority patent/JPS5159779A/ja
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Publication of US4202931A publication Critical patent/US4202931A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N60/00—Superconducting devices
    • H10N60/01—Manufacture or treatment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S420/00—Alloys or metallic compositions
    • Y10S420/901—Superconductive
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
    • Y10S428/9265—Special properties
    • Y10S428/93—Electric superconducting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
    • Y10S428/9335—Product by special process
    • Y10S428/938—Vapor deposition or gas diffusion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S505/00—Superconductor technology: apparatus, material, process
    • Y10S505/80—Material per se process of making same
    • Y10S505/801—Composition
    • Y10S505/805—Alloy or metallic
    • Y10S505/806—Niobium base, Nb
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S505/00—Superconductor technology: apparatus, material, process
    • Y10S505/80—Material per se process of making same
    • Y10S505/812—Stock
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S505/00—Superconductor technology: apparatus, material, process
    • Y10S505/80—Material per se process of making same
    • Y10S505/812—Stock
    • Y10S505/813—Wire, tape, or film
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S505/00—Superconductor technology: apparatus, material, process
    • Y10S505/80—Material per se process of making same
    • Y10S505/815—Process of making per se
    • Y10S505/818—Coating
    • Y10S505/819—Vapor deposition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49014—Superconductor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12806—Refractory [Group IVB, VB, or VIB] metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12819—Group VB metal-base component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12903—Cu-base component

Definitions

  • It relates to a high-transition-temperature superconducting Nb 3 Ge coating and a method of applying such coating in a strongly adherent fashion to a metallic substrate, and more particularly to a method of bonding a bulk coating of Nb 3 Ge to a copper substrate.
  • present concepts for a direct current superconducting power transmission line envisage the use of conductors in a dual capacity to contain the cryogenic coolant and also to carry the superconducting current.
  • a layer of superconducting material surrounds a tube carrying liquid helium.
  • the tube must be a good thermal and electrical conductor to provide stability to the superconducting coating.
  • the coating in turn, must have a high transition temperature (T c ) and a critical current (I c ) and maintain good contact with the tube.
  • the superconducting material with the highest known transition temperature is niobium germanide (Nb 3 Ge) having an A-15 structure.
  • a transition temperature of 22.5° K. has been measured using small sections of an extremely thin film ( ⁇ 0.1 ⁇ m) of Nb 3 Ge deposited by sputtering under vacuum conditions.
  • no technique had been devised for coating a strongly adherent bulk layer of Nb 3 Ge with the A-15 structure to a metallic substrate.
  • Nb 3 Ge having a transition temperature in the range of 17.5° to 19° K. has been prepared by the coreduction of NbCl 5 and GeCl 4 in the presence of hydrogen.
  • Two types of reactor have been used for this purpose. In one, the Nb 3 Ge has been deposited on a heated molybdenum wire and in the other it has been deposited on a heated quartz tube. In either case, the deposit has not adhered firmly or bonded to the substrate. See Valueva et al., "Preparation of Nb Germanides by Coreduction of the Higher Chlorides by Hydogen," Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Neorganicheskie Materialy, vol. 8, No. 12, pp 2083-2088 (December 1972).
  • Nb 3 Ge with a transition temperatue in excess of 20° K. can be firmly bonded to an appropriate metal substrate through an improved chemical vapor deposition technique.
  • a critical feature of this technique is uniform dispersal and vaporization of NbCl 5 powder in a flowing mixture of an inert gas (e.g., Ar), GeCl 4 , and hydrogen.
  • the vaporization can readily be made to occur at a temperature between 400° and 600° C.
  • the heated gas-vapor mixture is then flowed over the substrate where it is heated to a temperature at which coreduction of the NbCl 5 and GeCl 4 by the hydrogen is initiated.
  • the molar ratio of Nb, Ge, and H 2 in the flowing gas-vapor mixture is chosen such as to produce chemical vapor deposition of Nb 3 Ge having an A-15 structure when the coreduction is initiated.
  • a preferred ratio of Nb:Ge for this purpose is in the range of 2.3-3.0:1 and a preferred deposition temperature is in the range of about 890° to 900° C.
  • Preferred metallic substrates include copper, steel, and stainless steel. If a substrate, such as copper or steel, is used which may surface oxidize, it is desirable that, prior to chemical vapor deposition of the Nb 3 Ge, hydrogen be passed over the substrate at a temperature and for a time sufficient to reduce any surface oxides present on the substrate.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the process of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a photomicrograph of a cross section of Nb 3 Ge deposited on a copper substrate.
  • Niobium germanide (Nb 3 Ge) is readily formed as a strongly adherent bulk coating bonded to a metallic substrate in accordance with the process shown in the flow chart of FIG. 1.
  • the basic process consists of coreduction of NbCl 5 and GeCl 4 in appropriate molar ratio by hydrogen gas on a hot metallic substrate.
  • Niobium pentachloride powder 1 is entrained in a flow of inert gas 2, preferably argon, by means of powder feeder 3.
  • a powder feeder of the type sold under the tradename "Plasmatron” by Plasmadyne Division of Geotel Inc. is suitable for this purpose.
  • NbCl 5 powder be uniformly entrained in the gas flow at a predetermined rate so as to avoid any substantial variation in the molar ratio of Nb to Ge in the gas-vapor mixture which is reduced by the hot hydrogen gas. This may readily be accomplished if NbCl 5 powder 1 is first screened to -100 mesh (U.S. screen) before being introduced into powder feeder 3.
  • the inert gas stream 5 carrying entrained NbCl 5 powder is mixed 6 with a hydrogen gas stream 7 and a second inert gas stream 8, again preferably argon, carrying GeCl 4 vapor.
  • Stream 8 is formed by passing argon or another inert gas 10 at 0° C. through a bubbler 9 containing liquid GeCl 4 maintained at 0° C. in an ice bath at a rate such that the desired amount of GeCl 4 vapor is picked up in stream 8.
  • the combined stream 11 at or near room temperature enters vaporizer chamber 4.
  • Chamber 4 is typically made of nickel and has a number of nickel baffles contained therein to prevent unvaporized NbCl 5 powder from being carried into coating chamber 12.
  • the temperature may range between 400° and 600° C., but preferably is maintained at near 500° C. or higher so as to minimize any cooling of coating chamber 12 by gas-vapor mixture 13.
  • the heated gas-vapor mixture 13 is flowed over a metallic substrate heated sufficiently to drive the reaction
  • Nb 3 Ge This reaction, when driven to the right, results in the chemical vapor deposition of Nb 3 Ge on the substrate.
  • the optimum temperature for producing Nb 3 Ge having the highest transition temperature appears to be in the range of 890° to 900° C.
  • Nb 3 Ge with a transition temperature in excess of 18° K. has readily been deposited at 830° C. and also at 920° C.
  • the minimum temperature at which Nb 3 Ge may be produced in accordance with this reaction is near 650° C.
  • a preferred metallic substrate is copper, but substrates such as, e.g., steel and stainless steel are also appropriate. Useful substrates are those which retain their integrity during the coating process, i.e., they do not melt or hydride. Preferred substrates are those capable of forming a diffusion bond with the Nb 3 Ge.
  • FIG. 2 is a photomicrograph of a cross section of an Nb 3 Ge coat and Cu substrate, indicates that the interface between the Nb 3 Ge coat and the Cu substrate is relatively uniform and smooth. There are insufficient irregularities to account for the extremely good adherence on the basis of mechanical bonding, which immediately implies that a metallurgical or diffusion bond must exist. This is further supported by the knowledge that Cu readily dissolves Ge in solid solution.
  • a metallic substrate which can form oxides, as, for example, copper or steel
  • This presents a very clean surface for the chemical vapor deposition of the Nb 3 Ge and allows an excellent bond to form between the Nb 3 Ge coating and the substrate.
  • the surface of a copper substrate may readily be cleaned in this fashion by using the same flow and temperature conditions as those for coating but not permitting any NbCl 5 and GeCl 4 in the gas mixture for a period of 15 to 30 minutes prior to commencement of chemical vapor deposition.
  • the optimum value for the mole ratio of Nb:Ge in gas mixture 13 entering coating chamber 12 is closely related to the H 2 :salt and Ar:salt mole ratios.
  • a preferred Nb:Ge mole ratio is in the range of 2.3-3.0:1. It is desired to have the largest fraction of GeCl 4 in gas mixture 13 consistent with deposition of Nb 3 Ge having the A-15 structure. If, however, for a given set of conditions, too much GeCl 4 is present in the gas stream, the nonsuperconducting compound Nb 5 Ge 3 will be formed.
  • the percentage of GeCl 4 which the gas mixture 13 may contain at a given coating temperature and still deposit A-15 Nb 3 Ge is controlled by the H 2 :salt mole ratio and the amount of dilution with Ar, i.e., the gas-to-salt mole ratio.
  • the desired dilution is readily accomplished by reducing the total salt delivery and increasing the H 2 flow.
  • coating chamber 12 consisted of an inner tube of copper and an outer tube of nickel. Gas mixture 13 was flowed through the copper tube and the chemical vapor deposition occurred on the inner wall of the tube.
  • the outer nickel tube served to protect the copper tube from direct exposure to atmosphere, provided strength to support the copper tube, and produced a more uniform temperature distribution on the copper tube than if it had been exposed directly to the furnaces.
  • the temperature of the copper tube was measured by means of bare chromel-alumel thermocouples passed through holes in the nickel tube and pressed against the outside of the copper tube.
  • Chemical vapor deposition of the Nb 3 Ge coating on a metallic substrate is not limited to the configuration used with the preceding examples.
  • the coating may be accomplished with the substrate configured to the outside surface of a tube, the surface of a wire, or a number of wires, a flat tape of any width, or any irregular geometry such as might be used as a connector, joint, elbow, etc.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
US05/508,586 1974-09-23 1974-09-23 Superconducting articles of manufacture and method of producing same Expired - Lifetime US4202931A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US05/508,586 US4202931A (en) 1974-09-23 1974-09-23 Superconducting articles of manufacture and method of producing same
GB3548875A GB1470280A (en) 1974-09-23 1975-08-28 Superconducting articles of manufacture and method of producing same
CA234,509A CA1060729A (en) 1974-09-23 1975-09-02 Superconducting articles of manufacture and method of producing same
FR7529001A FR2285725A1 (fr) 1974-09-23 1975-09-22 Revetement supraconducteur et procede pour le former
CH1228975A CH617722A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-09-23 1975-09-22
DE19752542379 DE2542379A1 (de) 1974-09-23 1975-09-23 Superleiter und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
JP50114367A JPS5159779A (en) 1974-09-23 1975-09-23 Kinzokukizaini ketsugoshita nb3ge nobarukuhifukuotsukuru hoho

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US05/508,586 US4202931A (en) 1974-09-23 1974-09-23 Superconducting articles of manufacture and method of producing same

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US4202931A true US4202931A (en) 1980-05-13

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US (1) US4202931A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5159779A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1060729A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH617722A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2542379A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2285725A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1470280A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4386970A (en) * 1980-10-20 1983-06-07 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Production method of compound-type superconducting wire
US4465511A (en) * 1982-11-15 1984-08-14 National Research Development Corporation Making niobium intermetallic compounds
US4564564A (en) * 1983-08-16 1986-01-14 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Superconducting magnet wire
US5108983A (en) * 1989-11-21 1992-04-28 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Method for the rapid deposition with low vapor pressure reactants by chemical vapor deposition
US5215242A (en) * 1991-12-06 1993-06-01 General Electric Company Method for preparing superconducting joints
US6692586B2 (en) 2001-05-23 2004-02-17 Rolls-Royce Corporation High temperature melting braze materials for bonding niobium based alloys
US11202362B1 (en) 2018-02-15 2021-12-14 Christopher Mark Rey Superconducting resonant frequency cavities, related components, and fabrication methods thereof

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4128121A (en) * 1977-07-18 1978-12-05 General Electric Company Nb3 Ge superconductive films
US4129167A (en) * 1977-07-18 1978-12-12 General Electric Company Nb3 Ge superconductive films grown with nitrogen
US4129166A (en) * 1977-07-18 1978-12-12 General Electric Company Nb3 Ge superconductive films grown with air

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2680085A (en) * 1949-10-26 1954-06-01 Smith Corp A O Method of maintaining dimensional tolerances in partially enameled metal objects
US3211583A (en) * 1961-09-19 1965-10-12 Melpar Inc Pyrolytic deposition of germanium
US3421951A (en) * 1966-04-08 1969-01-14 Signode Corp Steel strapping
US3525637A (en) * 1966-07-16 1970-08-25 Siemens Ag Method of producing layers from the intermetallic superconducting compound niobium-tin (nb3sn)
US3573978A (en) * 1967-08-04 1971-04-06 Siemens Ag Method of producing layers of the intermetallic superconducting compound niobium tin (nb3sn) on a carrier
US3630769A (en) * 1968-04-24 1971-12-28 Plessey Co Ltd PRODUCTION OF VAPOR-DEPOSITED Nb{11 B{11 Sn CONDUCTOR MATERIAL
US4005990A (en) * 1975-06-26 1977-02-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration Superconductors
US4054686A (en) * 1975-06-26 1977-10-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration Method for preparing high transition temperature Nb3 Ge superconductors
US4128121A (en) * 1977-07-18 1978-12-05 General Electric Company Nb3 Ge superconductive films
US4129167A (en) * 1977-07-18 1978-12-12 General Electric Company Nb3 Ge superconductive films grown with nitrogen
US4129166A (en) * 1977-07-18 1978-12-12 General Electric Company Nb3 Ge superconductive films grown with air

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1536474A (fr) * 1966-07-16 1968-08-16 Siemens Ag Procédé de fabrication de couches à partir d'un composé supraconducteur intermétallique de niobium-étain
CH500291A (de) * 1967-03-16 1970-12-15 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schichten aus der intermetallischen supraleitenden Verbindung Nb3Sn auf einem Träger

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2680085A (en) * 1949-10-26 1954-06-01 Smith Corp A O Method of maintaining dimensional tolerances in partially enameled metal objects
US3211583A (en) * 1961-09-19 1965-10-12 Melpar Inc Pyrolytic deposition of germanium
US3421951A (en) * 1966-04-08 1969-01-14 Signode Corp Steel strapping
US3525637A (en) * 1966-07-16 1970-08-25 Siemens Ag Method of producing layers from the intermetallic superconducting compound niobium-tin (nb3sn)
US3573978A (en) * 1967-08-04 1971-04-06 Siemens Ag Method of producing layers of the intermetallic superconducting compound niobium tin (nb3sn) on a carrier
US3630769A (en) * 1968-04-24 1971-12-28 Plessey Co Ltd PRODUCTION OF VAPOR-DEPOSITED Nb{11 B{11 Sn CONDUCTOR MATERIAL
US4005990A (en) * 1975-06-26 1977-02-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration Superconductors
US4054686A (en) * 1975-06-26 1977-10-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration Method for preparing high transition temperature Nb3 Ge superconductors
US4128121A (en) * 1977-07-18 1978-12-05 General Electric Company Nb3 Ge superconductive films
US4129167A (en) * 1977-07-18 1978-12-12 General Electric Company Nb3 Ge superconductive films grown with nitrogen
US4129166A (en) * 1977-07-18 1978-12-12 General Electric Company Nb3 Ge superconductive films grown with air

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Chemical Abstracts 78 (1973) 89966, Abstract of Valueva et al. Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR Neorg. Mater. 1972, 8(12) 2083-8. _ *

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4386970A (en) * 1980-10-20 1983-06-07 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Production method of compound-type superconducting wire
US4465511A (en) * 1982-11-15 1984-08-14 National Research Development Corporation Making niobium intermetallic compounds
US4564564A (en) * 1983-08-16 1986-01-14 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Superconducting magnet wire
US5108983A (en) * 1989-11-21 1992-04-28 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Method for the rapid deposition with low vapor pressure reactants by chemical vapor deposition
US5352656A (en) * 1989-11-21 1994-10-04 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Method for the chemical vapor deposition of group IB and group VIIIB metal barrier layers
US5215242A (en) * 1991-12-06 1993-06-01 General Electric Company Method for preparing superconducting joints
US6692586B2 (en) 2001-05-23 2004-02-17 Rolls-Royce Corporation High temperature melting braze materials for bonding niobium based alloys
US11202362B1 (en) 2018-02-15 2021-12-14 Christopher Mark Rey Superconducting resonant frequency cavities, related components, and fabrication methods thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2285725B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1978-10-13
DE2542379A1 (de) 1976-04-15
GB1470280A (en) 1977-04-14
FR2285725A1 (fr) 1976-04-16
CH617722A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1980-06-13
CA1060729A (en) 1979-08-21
JPS5159779A (en) 1976-05-25

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