US3925579A - Method of coating low alloy steels - Google Patents

Method of coating low alloy steels Download PDF

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Publication number
US3925579A
US3925579A US473142A US47314274A US3925579A US 3925579 A US3925579 A US 3925579A US 473142 A US473142 A US 473142A US 47314274 A US47314274 A US 47314274A US 3925579 A US3925579 A US 3925579A
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atmosphere
aluminum
furnace
temperature
coating
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US473142A
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English (en)
Inventor
Charles Flinchum
F Curtiss Dunbar
Jerry L Arnold
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Armco Steel Co LP
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Armco Inc
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Priority to US473142A priority Critical patent/US3925579A/en
Priority to CA225,652A priority patent/CA1054031A/en
Priority to GB19401/75A priority patent/GB1496398A/en
Priority to DE2522485A priority patent/DE2522485C3/de
Priority to IT49698/75A priority patent/IT1035805B/it
Priority to BR4121/75A priority patent/BR7503219A/pt
Priority to YU1312/75A priority patent/YU36996B/xx
Priority to SE7505849A priority patent/SE434959B/xx
Priority to JP6026975A priority patent/JPS5649989B2/ja
Priority to FR7516245A priority patent/FR2272193B1/fr
Priority to BE156630A priority patent/BE829402A/xx
Priority to ES437895A priority patent/ES437895A1/es
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Publication of US3925579A publication Critical patent/US3925579A/en
Assigned to ARMCO STEEL COMPANY, L.P., A DE LIMITED PARTNERSHIP reassignment ARMCO STEEL COMPANY, L.P., A DE LIMITED PARTNERSHIP ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: ARMCO INC., A CORP. OF OHIO
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/34—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
    • C23C2/36—Elongated material
    • C23C2/38—Wires; Tubes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
    • C23C2/022—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas by heating
    • C23C2/0222—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas by heating in a reactive atmosphere, e.g. oxidising or reducing atmosphere
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
    • C23C2/022—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas by heating
    • C23C2/0224—Two or more thermal pretreatments
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
    • C23C2/026—Deposition of sublayers, e.g. adhesion layers or pre-applied alloying elements or corrosion protection

Definitions

  • a surface readily wettable by molten coating metal is obtained by heating the steel to a temperature of about llO0 to 1675 F in an atmosphere oxidizing to iron, then further treating under conditions which will reduce the iron oxide, whereby to form a surface layer comprising a substantially pure iron matrix containing a uniformly distributed fine dispersion of oxides of the alloying elements.
  • This invention relates to improvements in the process of hot dip metallic coating of low alloy steel strip and sheet material whereby to enhance the wettability of the surfaces thereof by molten coating metals such as zinc, zinc alloys, aluminum, aluminum alloys and terne, and to insure good adherence of the coating.
  • Low alloy steels which may be treated by the process of the present invention include those containing up to about 3% aluminum, up to about 1% titanium, up to about 2% silicon, or up to about 5% chromium, and mixtures thereof, with the remainder of the composition typical of a carbon steel, as defined by Steel Products Manual, Carbon Sheet Steel page 7 (May 1970) published by American Iron and Steel Institute.
  • the conventional Sendzimir process for preparation of carbon steel strip and sheet material for hot dip metallic coating involves passing the material through an oxidizing furnace heated, without atmosphere control, to a temperature of about 1600F, by combustion, electric resistance, electric induction, or other conventional means, the residence time being sufficient to cause the material to reach a temperature of about 700 to 900 F, withdrawing the material from the furnace into air, forming a controlled surface oxide layer varying in appearance from light yellow to blue, introducing the material into a reducing furnace containing a hydrogen and nitrogen atmosphere, the residence time being sufficient to bring the material to a temperature of about 1350 to 1700 F.
  • the controlled oxide layer is completely reduced, and the material is then cooled to approximately the temperature of the molten metal coating bath and led beneath the surface of the bath while surrounded by the hydrogen-nitrogen protective atmosphere.
  • the steps comprise passing the material through a furnace heated to a temperature of at least about 2200F by direct combustion of fuel and air therein, the furnace containing an atmosphere of gaseous products of combustion having no free oxygen and at least about 3% excess combustibles, the residence time of the material being sufficient to cause it to reach a temperature of about 800 to 1300 F, while maintaining bright steel surfaces completely free from oxidation, withdrawing the material from the furnace while still surrounded by gaseousproducts of combustion, introducing the material directly into a re ducing section having a hydrogen and nitrogen atmosphere, in which the material may be further heated from 800 to 1700 F and/or cooled to approximately molten coating metal bath temperature, and then leading the material beneath the surface of the bath while surrounded by the hydrogen-nitrogen protective atmosphere.
  • the alloying element aluminum in uncombined form
  • titanium, silicon, chromium, and iron are most easily oxidized, followed in order by titanium, silicon, chromium, and iron.
  • iron oxide is the most easily reduced of these elements followed in order by the oxides of chromium, silicon, titanium and aluminum. While not wishing to be bound by theory, it is applicants belief that conditions can exist in the conventional processing which would first result in the formation of an external skin of aluminum oxide, a refractory compound, which is not wettable either by molten zinc or by molten aluminum.
  • titanium, silicon and chromium may also diffuse or migrate to the surface and be oxidized to form a stable oxide layer which may not be wetted by the molten coating metal. Since aluminum oxide is extremely difficult to reduce, any subsequent treatment under conventional carbon steel reducing conditions is ineffective in producing a reduced surface layer which is wettable by the molten coating metal.
  • the present invention constitutes a discovery that subjecting the surface of a low alloy steel containing alloying elements more readily oxidizable than iron to strongly oxidizing conditions in the pretreatment processing results in formation of a surface layer of iron oxide containing a dispersion of oxides of the alloying elements either in the form of relatively small, uniformly dispersed precipitates, or in solid solution.
  • This 3 is followed by subjecting the steel to a conventional reducing treatment in a hydrogen-containing atmosphere which reduces the surface layer to a substantially pure iron matrix containing a uniformly distributed fine dispersion of oxides of the alloying elements.
  • the term internal oxidation will be understood to designate the formation of a dispersion of oxides of alloying elements in an iron matrix adjacent the surface, when processed conventionally.
  • the term external oxidation will be used to designate the formation of an external skin or layer of stable oxides of alloying elements more readily oxidizable than iron, when subjected to conventional processing. However, these terms will not be applied to the process of the present invention.
  • the temperature of the strip and sheet material upon exiting the oxidizing furnace is increased to a range of about 1 100 to about 1400 F (rather than the conventional 700 to 900 F).
  • the temperature of the strip and sheet material exiting the direct fired preheat furnace is increased to about 1400 to 1675 F (rather than the conventional 800 to 1300 F).
  • the atmosphere in the direct fired preheat furnace is modified so as to contain to 6% excess oxygen and no excess combustibles.
  • the present application discloses that an external skin of unreducible oxide will form in the reducing sections of both the conventional Selas-type and Sendzimir processes if a critical level of alloying elements is exceeded. As hereinafter explained in detail, Auger analysis showed that this external oxidation also takes place in the pretreatment furnace of the conventional Selas process. In the conventional Sendzimir pretreatment processing the maximum temperature reached (900F) is believed to be too low for significant diffusion of the oxidizing element to occur.
  • alloy steels mentioned in this invention are very resistant to oxidation, and, in fact, when a steel containing approximately 2% Al, I, 2% Cr, 1% Si, 0.5% Ti is subjected to the conventional Sendzimir pretreatment practice, the maximum recommended temperature of 900F is insufficient to produce a visible oxide film.
  • the process of the present invention is unsuitable for a carbon steel which does not contain substantial amounts of the more easily oxidized alloying elements because the iron surface would be scaled to such an extent that a conventional reducing treatment would not convert all of the thickness of the scale surface, and poor coating adherence would result. It would likewise follow that a treatment for alloy levels considerably lower than the above-mentioned 2% Al, 1, 2% Cr, 1% Si, 0.5% Ti steel, but yet beyond the carbon steel level, would require preoxidation treatment conditions between the maximum tolerable for carbon steel and that required for the above cited example of a low alloy steel.
  • thee method of the invention can be relied upon to enhance to wettability by a molten coating metal of, and to insure adherence of the coating metal (after solidification thereof) to, the surface of a low alloy steel containing one or more alloying elements more readily oxidizable than iron.
  • This is effected by first heating the steel to a temperature of about 1 to about 1675 F in an atmosphere oxidizing to iron, and subjecting the steel to further treatment under conditions which reduce the iron oxide, whereby to reduce the surface layer to a substantially pure iron matrix containing a uniform dispersion of oxides of the alloying elements.
  • FIGS. 1A, 1B and 1C are diagrammatic representations of surface conditions at indicated processing stages of an iron alloy containing an element Me, which forms an oxide more stable than iron oxide, in an amount less than the critical content under conventional Selas-type pretreatment conditions;
  • FIG. 1D is a graphic representation of the surface condition of the alloy of FIG. 1C;
  • FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C are diagrammatic representations of surface conditions at indicated processing stages of an iron alloy containing an element Me, which forms an oxide more stable than iron oxide, in an amount greater than the critical content under conventional Selas-type pretreatment conditions;
  • FIG. 20 is a graphic representation of the surface condition of the alloy of FIG. 2C;
  • FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C are diagrammatic representations of surface conditions at indicated stages of the process of the present invention of an iron alloy containing an element Me, which forms an oxide more stable than iron oxide, in an amount greater than the critical content as calculated for conventional Selas-type pretreatment;
  • FIG. 30 is a graphic representation of the surface condition of the alloy of FIG. 3C.
  • FIG. 4 is a graphic representation of the relation between the critical aluminum content of a low alloy steel and the hydrogen content and dew point of the treatment atmosphere.
  • the essential feature of the present invention is to conduct the oxidizing treatment under conditions which are highly oxidizing to iron.
  • Fe O iron oxide
  • these stable oxides of the alloying elements are present as a minor volume fraction of the surface layer and are uniformly dispersed throughout the layer. In other words, diffusion or migration of the alloying elements to the surface is avoided.
  • the iron oxide portion is readily reduced.
  • the more stable oxides of the alloying elements are not reduced andremain uniformly dispersedin a substantially pure iron matrix. In this condition the low alloy steel surface is readily wettable by a molten coating metal such as zinc or aluminum.
  • the hot dip coating process is conducted in conventional manner with the strip and sheet material being led beneath the surface while surrounded by a protective atmosphere. Coating and finishing are effected by any conventional method.
  • Another sample of the same heat was treated in accordance with the method of the present invention by heating to a temperature of 1500F in a direct fired furnace having no combustibles and 2% excess 0 followed by the same treatment in the reducing furnace as that set forth above.
  • the most marked difference between the two Auger spectra of the initial surfaces of each sample was that the surface of the conventionally treated sample showed about 10 times more aluminum, less iron and slightly more oxygen present than did the surface of the sample treated in accordance with the present invention.
  • the conventionally treated sample showed significantly less aluminum and oxygen and niore iron than the initial surface of that sample.
  • this sample showed little change in the aluminum content as compared to its initial surface, although iron increased and oxygen decreased substantially.
  • FIG. 2C represents diagrammatically
  • FIG. 2D represents graphically, the surface condition of the above sample subjected to conventional Selas-type treatment, derived from the data of the Auger spectra.
  • a layer of oxides of the alloying elements is formed on the surface of the-sample (i.e., external oxidation), whereas the alloy content drops sharply to a lower value of short distance inwardly from the surface (FIG. 2D).
  • FIG. 2D shows the diffusion or migration of alloying elements to the surface.
  • FIGS. 1C and 1D showing the behavior of a sample containing less than a critical content and thus exhibiting internal oxidiation.
  • FIG. 3B representing diagrammatically the surface condition 'of the above sample after heating in an atmosphere oxdizing to iron in accordance with the process of the invention.
  • a surface layer is formed comprising iron oxide and oxides of the alloying elements uniformly dispersed, or in solid solution, in the iron oxide layer.
  • FIG. 3C represents diagrammatically, and FIG. 3D represents graphically, the surface condition after the reducing treatment, derived from the data of the Auger spectra.
  • FIG. 3D shows that the concentration of alloying elements at the surface is substantially less than in the corresponding stage of the conventional treatment shown in FIG. 2D.
  • FIG. 4 is a graphic representation of the relation of hydrogen content and dew point to the critical aluminum content in body-cen- 0 tered-cubic iron at a temperature of l600F.
  • An aluminum content in the area beneath each curve results in internal oxidation, while an aluminum content above each curve results in external oxidation with consequent formation of a difficulty reducible oxide layer or scale.
  • the curves of FIG. 4 are plotted from equation (1 above. It is apparent that relatively slight increases in the hydrogen content sharply reduce the critical aluminum content at the lower hydrogen levels.
  • the above equation and the graph of FIG. 4 are not a definition of or limitation on the present invention. Rather, these make it possible to predict in a quantitative manner when and why external oxidation may occur in conventional fluxless hot dip metallic coating operations.
  • the present invention makes it possible to avoid external oxidation when the critical aluminum content exceeds that which could be tolerated under conventional or normal conditions.
  • the equation and graph of FIG. 4 can be used to ascertain whether a steel of any given composition may be processed in conventional manner or whether it must be processed in accordance with the present invention in order to obtain good wettability by the molten coating metal and good adherence of the coating.
  • a coil of strip of the above 2% Cr 2% Al 1% Si- 0.5% Ti steel treated in accordance with the method of the invention was coated in a Selas-type commercial aluminum coating line.
  • the strip surface was readily wetted by the molten aluminum, and the solidified coating exhibited excellent adherence to the base metal strip.
  • Furnace conditions were in accordance with conventional practice in that the direct fired preheat furnace atmosphere contained 6% combustibles and the temperature to which the strips were heated in the preheat furnace was 1275F. Critical contents of aluminum and silicon were calculated from equation (1) above for the furnace conditions.
  • Metallographic examination of the coated samples showed that in all instances where the aluminum or silicon content was less than the theoretical critical amount, as determined from equation (1), the materials were completely wetted by the molten aluminum of 35 the coating bath. In all cases where the aluminum or silicon content was equal to or greater than the theoretical critical content, metallurgical examination showed a lack of wetting as evidenced by areas which did not contain an iron-aluminum intermetallic alloy layer.
  • the process of the invention has particular utility in aluminizing steels containing the specific alloying elements recited above, it is not so limited and is effective for fluxless hot-dip coating by any commonly-used coating metal of a ferrous metal strip or sheet containing an alloying element or elements more readily oxidizable than iron.
  • Coating metals which may be used include, but are not limited to, those described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,784,122 issued Mar. 5, 1957 to N. Cox et al, at column 2, lines 9-33; and in US. Pat. 2,839,455, issued June 17, 1958 to H. La Tour et al, at column 1, lines 68-72 and column 2, lines 1-7. The disclosures of these patents are incorporated herein by reference.
  • the method of the invention comprises heating a low alloy steel containing alloying elements more readily oxidizable than iron in an atmosphere oxidizing to iron under conditions which form on the steel a surface layer of iron oxide containing a dispersion of oxides of the alloying elements, then further treating the steel under conditions reducing to iron oxide.
  • the steel is preferably heated to a temperature of about 1400F to about 1600F in an atmosphere of gaseous products of combustion containing 0% to 6% excess 0 preferably about 2% excess 0 and no combustibles.
  • the steel is preferably brought to a temperature of about l500 to about 1700 F in an atmosphere containing hydrogen, preferably at least about 20% hydrogen.
  • the steel is then cooled to appropriate bath entry temperature while still protected by the hydrogennitrogen atmosphere, the dew point of which must be consistent with carbon steel practice.
  • the strip bath entry temperature and maximum dew point of the hydrogen-nitrogen atmosphere in the furnace are dependent on the type of coating metal (i.e., the minimum strip temperature prior to bath entry).
  • the strip is brought to a temperature ranging from slightly less than to slightly higher than that of the coating metal bath.
  • a dew point not higher than about 50F should be observed.
  • galvanizing a maximum dew point of about F should be observed because of the lower strip temperature.
  • typical strip bath entry temperatures are about 1250F to 1350F, while for galvanizing, typical strip bath entry temperatures are about 850 to 950 F.
  • the advantages of rapid strip heating, adaptability to processing different types of steel, and furnace pressure control clearly favor the use of a Selas-type installation.
  • the method of the invention is equally applicable to a Sendzimir-type process, and existing installations of this type can be readily adaptedfor operation in accordance with the method of this invention. Basically, the only difference is to heat the steel in the oxidizing furnace to a temperature of l 100F or greater, preferably to 1300F. The conditions in the reducing section remain unchanged.
  • the lower strip preheat oxidizing temperature range for the Sendzimir-type process as compared to the Selas-type process is accounted for by the differences in atmosphere composition to which the strip is exposed.
  • a lower temperature is required when strip is heated in the Sendzimir oxidizing furnace and exposed to air than with the Selas-type system where the strip is exposed only to oxidizing products of combustion prior to direct entry into the reducing furnace.
  • said coating metal is aluminum or alloys thereof, wherein said steel is cooled approximately to the temperature of the molten coating metal bath and introduced into said bath while still surrounded by said hydrogen-nitrogen atmosphere, said atmosphere having a maximum dewpoint of about 50F.
  • said low alloy steel contains up to about 3% aluminum, up to about 1% titanium, up to about 2% silicon, and up to about 5% chromium.
  • said first heating step is conducted in a furnace heated by direct combustion of fuel and air therein and in an atmosphere of gaseous products of combustion containing 0 to 6% oxygen and no excess combustibles, and wherein said stock is withdrawn from said furnace while still surrounded by said atmosphere at a temperature of about l400 to about 1675 F- 16.
  • said first heating step is conducted in a furnace without atmosphere control, and wherein said stock is withdrawn from said furnace into air at a temperature of about 1 100 to about l400 F.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
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US473142A 1974-05-24 1974-05-24 Method of coating low alloy steels Expired - Lifetime US3925579A (en)

Priority Applications (12)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US473142A US3925579A (en) 1974-05-24 1974-05-24 Method of coating low alloy steels
CA225,652A CA1054031A (en) 1974-05-24 1975-04-28 Method of coating low alloy steel
GB19401/75A GB1496398A (en) 1974-05-24 1975-05-08 Method of preparing a low alloy steel surface for hot dip metallic coating
IT49698/75A IT1035805B (it) 1974-05-24 1975-05-21 Perfezionamento nei procedimenti epr migliorare la sagnabilita di banda di acciaio nel rivestimento a caldo ad immerseione con altri metalli
DE2522485A DE2522485C3 (de) 1974-05-24 1975-05-21 Verfahren zum Feuermetallisieren von Bändern oder Blechen aus niedriglegierten Stälen
YU1312/75A YU36996B (en) 1974-05-24 1975-05-22 Process for treating metallic surfaces of articles made of low-alloyed steel for hot-metallization
BR4121/75A BR7503219A (pt) 1974-05-24 1975-05-22 Processo para aperfeicoar a umectabilidade,por metal de revestimento fundido,da superficie de um acoliga de baixo teor:e processo para revestimento metalico,por imersao a quente,sem fundente
SE7505849A SE434959B (sv) 1974-05-24 1975-05-22 Sett for flussmedelsfri metallbeleggning genom varmdoppning av band- och platmaterial av laglegerat stal
JP6026975A JPS5649989B2 (es) 1974-05-24 1975-05-22
FR7516245A FR2272193B1 (es) 1974-05-24 1975-05-23
BE156630A BE829402A (fr) 1974-05-24 1975-05-23 Procede de revetement d'aciers faiblement allies
ES437895A ES437895A1 (es) 1974-05-24 1975-05-23 Procedimiento para mejorar la humectabilidad con metal de revestimiento fundido de superficies de tiras de acero o ma-terial laminar de aleacion baja.

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US473142A US3925579A (en) 1974-05-24 1974-05-24 Method of coating low alloy steels

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US3925579A true US3925579A (en) 1975-12-09

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US (1) US3925579A (es)
JP (1) JPS5649989B2 (es)
BE (1) BE829402A (es)
BR (1) BR7503219A (es)
CA (1) CA1054031A (es)
DE (1) DE2522485C3 (es)
ES (1) ES437895A1 (es)
FR (1) FR2272193B1 (es)
GB (1) GB1496398A (es)
IT (1) IT1035805B (es)
SE (1) SE434959B (es)
YU (1) YU36996B (es)

Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4140552A (en) * 1976-12-23 1979-02-20 Armco Steel Corporation Method of treating aluminum-killed and low alloy steel strip and sheet surfaces, in sulfur-bearing atmosphere, for metallic coating
US4500605A (en) * 1983-02-17 1985-02-19 Olin Corporation Electrical component forming process
US4505958A (en) * 1981-05-22 1985-03-19 Hermann Huster Gmbh & Co. Method for hot dip galvanizing metallic workpieces
US4624895A (en) * 1984-06-04 1986-11-25 Inland Steel Company Aluminum coated low-alloy steel foil
US4675214A (en) * 1986-05-20 1987-06-23 Kilbane Farrell M Hot dip aluminum coated chromium alloy steel
US4800135A (en) * 1986-05-20 1989-01-24 Armco Inc. Hot dip aluminum coated chromium alloy steel
US4801338A (en) * 1986-02-06 1989-01-31 Institut De Recherches de la Siderurgie (IRSID) Process of protective coating of iron and steel products
US4829655A (en) * 1987-03-24 1989-05-16 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Catalyst support and method for making same
US5023113A (en) * 1988-08-29 1991-06-11 Armco Steel Company, L.P. Hot dip aluminum coated chromium alloy steel
US5066549A (en) * 1986-05-20 1991-11-19 Armco Inc. Hot dip aluminum coated chromium alloy steel
US5116645A (en) * 1988-08-29 1992-05-26 Armco Steel Company, L.P. Hot dip aluminum coated chromium alloy steel
US5217943A (en) * 1989-01-25 1993-06-08 The University Of Arkansas Process for making composite ceramic superconducting wires
US5358744A (en) * 1990-07-16 1994-10-25 Sollac Process for coating a ferritic stainless steel strip with aluminum by hot quenching
US5447754A (en) * 1994-04-19 1995-09-05 Armco Inc. Aluminized steel alloys containing chromium and method for producing same
US6335062B1 (en) * 1994-09-13 2002-01-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Reactive oxygen-assisted ion implantation into metals and products made therefrom
EP1285972A1 (fr) * 2001-08-21 2003-02-26 Stein Heurtey Procédé de galvanisation à chaud de bandes métalliques d'aciers à haute résistance
US6644223B2 (en) * 2000-02-07 2003-11-11 Case, Llc Disc opener assembly for a seed planter
EP1457580A1 (fr) * 2003-03-12 2004-09-15 STEIN HEURTEY, Société Anonyme: Procédé d'oxydation controlée de bandes avant galvanisation en continu et ligne de galvanisation
WO2006061151A1 (de) * 2004-12-09 2006-06-15 Thyssenkrupp Steel Ag Verfahren zum schmelztauchbeschichten eines bandes aus höherfestem stahl
WO2007109865A1 (fr) * 2006-03-29 2007-10-04 Centre De Recherches Metallurgiques Asbl-Centrum Voor Research In De Metallurgie Vzw Procede de recuit et de preparation en continu d'une bande d'acier a haute resistance en vue de sa galvanisation au trempe
EP2009129A1 (en) * 2007-06-29 2008-12-31 ArcelorMittal France Process for manufacturing a galvannealed steel sheet by DFF regulation
EP2343393A3 (en) * 2002-03-01 2011-10-19 JFE Steel Corporation Surface treated steel plate and method for production thereof
US8636854B2 (en) 2006-04-26 2014-01-28 Thyssenkrupp Steel Ag Method for melt immersion coating of a flat steel product made of high strength steel
WO2015088501A1 (en) * 2013-12-10 2015-06-18 Arcelormittal Investigacion Y Desarrollo A method of annealing steel sheets
US9096919B2 (en) 2011-07-11 2015-08-04 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Method for producing a flat steel product provided with a metal protective layer by way of hot dip coating
US9551046B2 (en) 2011-05-10 2017-01-24 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Apparatus and method for the treatment of a flat steel product, taking place in throughput
US20190275766A1 (en) * 2016-05-30 2019-09-12 Jfe Steel Corporation Ferritic stainless steel sheet

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GB2125437B (en) * 1982-08-17 1985-12-04 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Soldering process
KR101079472B1 (ko) * 2008-12-23 2011-11-03 주식회사 포스코 도금표면품질이 우수한 고망간강의 용융아연도금강판의 제조방법
DE102009018577B3 (de) 2009-04-23 2010-07-29 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Verfahren zum Schmelztauchbeschichten eines 2-35 Gew.-% Mn enthaltenden Stahlflachprodukts und Stahlflachprodukt
DE102010037254B4 (de) * 2010-08-31 2012-05-24 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Verfahren zum Schmelztauchbeschichten eines Stahlflachprodukts
DE102013105378B3 (de) 2013-05-24 2014-08-28 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung eines durch Schmelztauchbeschichten mit einer metallischen Schutzschicht versehenen Stahlflachprodukts und Durchlaufofen für eine Schmelztauchbeschichtungsanlage
DE102019108457B4 (de) * 2019-04-01 2021-02-04 Salzgitter Flachstahl Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Stahlbandes mit verbesserter Haftung metallischer Schmelztauchüberzüge
DE102019108459B4 (de) * 2019-04-01 2021-02-18 Salzgitter Flachstahl Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Stahlbandes mit verbesserter Haftung metallischer Schmelztauchüberzüge

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US4140552A (en) * 1976-12-23 1979-02-20 Armco Steel Corporation Method of treating aluminum-killed and low alloy steel strip and sheet surfaces, in sulfur-bearing atmosphere, for metallic coating
US4505958A (en) * 1981-05-22 1985-03-19 Hermann Huster Gmbh & Co. Method for hot dip galvanizing metallic workpieces
US4500605A (en) * 1983-02-17 1985-02-19 Olin Corporation Electrical component forming process
EP0181416A1 (en) * 1983-02-17 1986-05-21 Olin Corporation Electrical component forming process
US4624895A (en) * 1984-06-04 1986-11-25 Inland Steel Company Aluminum coated low-alloy steel foil
US4801338A (en) * 1986-02-06 1989-01-31 Institut De Recherches de la Siderurgie (IRSID) Process of protective coating of iron and steel products
US5066548A (en) * 1986-02-06 1991-11-19 Institut Recherches De La Siderurgie Francais - Irsid Protective coated iron and steel products
US4800135A (en) * 1986-05-20 1989-01-24 Armco Inc. Hot dip aluminum coated chromium alloy steel
AU592437B2 (en) * 1986-05-20 1990-01-11 Armco Inc. Hot dip aluminum coated chromium alloy steel
US5066549A (en) * 1986-05-20 1991-11-19 Armco Inc. Hot dip aluminum coated chromium alloy steel
US4675214A (en) * 1986-05-20 1987-06-23 Kilbane Farrell M Hot dip aluminum coated chromium alloy steel
US4829655A (en) * 1987-03-24 1989-05-16 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Catalyst support and method for making same
US5023113A (en) * 1988-08-29 1991-06-11 Armco Steel Company, L.P. Hot dip aluminum coated chromium alloy steel
US5116645A (en) * 1988-08-29 1992-05-26 Armco Steel Company, L.P. Hot dip aluminum coated chromium alloy steel
US5217943A (en) * 1989-01-25 1993-06-08 The University Of Arkansas Process for making composite ceramic superconducting wires
US5358744A (en) * 1990-07-16 1994-10-25 Sollac Process for coating a ferritic stainless steel strip with aluminum by hot quenching
US5447754A (en) * 1994-04-19 1995-09-05 Armco Inc. Aluminized steel alloys containing chromium and method for producing same
US6335062B1 (en) * 1994-09-13 2002-01-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Reactive oxygen-assisted ion implantation into metals and products made therefrom
US6644223B2 (en) * 2000-02-07 2003-11-11 Case, Llc Disc opener assembly for a seed planter
FR2828888A1 (fr) * 2001-08-21 2003-02-28 Stein Heurtey Procede de galvanisation a chaud de bandes metalliques d'aciers a haute resistance
EP1285972A1 (fr) * 2001-08-21 2003-02-26 Stein Heurtey Procédé de galvanisation à chaud de bandes métalliques d'aciers à haute résistance
EP2343393A3 (en) * 2002-03-01 2011-10-19 JFE Steel Corporation Surface treated steel plate and method for production thereof
EP1457580A1 (fr) * 2003-03-12 2004-09-15 STEIN HEURTEY, Société Anonyme: Procédé d'oxydation controlée de bandes avant galvanisation en continu et ligne de galvanisation
US20040177903A1 (en) * 2003-03-12 2004-09-16 Stein Heurtey Process for the controlled oxidation of a strip before continuous galvanizing, and galvanizing line
FR2852330A1 (fr) * 2003-03-12 2004-09-17 Stein Heurtey Procede d'oxydation controlee de bandes avant galvanisation en continu et ligne de galvanisation
WO2006061151A1 (de) * 2004-12-09 2006-06-15 Thyssenkrupp Steel Ag Verfahren zum schmelztauchbeschichten eines bandes aus höherfestem stahl
US20080308191A1 (en) * 2004-12-09 2008-12-18 Thyssenkrupp Steel Ag Process For Melt Dip Coating a Strip of High-Tensile Steel
US8652275B2 (en) 2004-12-09 2014-02-18 Thyssenkrupp Steel Ag Process for melt dip coating a strip of high-tensile steel
CN101466860B (zh) * 2006-03-29 2013-05-22 冶金研究Asbl中心 以热镀锌为目的的高强度钢带的连续退火和制备的方法
KR101406789B1 (ko) 2006-03-29 2014-06-12 센트레 데 르체르체스 메탈루르지퀘스, 에이에스비엘-센트륨 부어 리서치 인 데 메탈루르지 브이제트더블유 용융 아연 도금을 위해 고강도 강철 스트립을 연속적으로 어닐링 및 제조하는 방법
US20100062163A1 (en) * 2006-03-29 2010-03-11 Centre De Recherches Metallurgiques Asbl Method for Continuously Annealing And Preparing Strip of High-Strength Steel For The Purpose Of Hot-Dip Galvanisating It
BE1017086A3 (fr) * 2006-03-29 2008-02-05 Ct Rech Metallurgiques Asbl Procede de recuit et preparation en continu d'une bande en acier a haute resistance en vue de sa galvanisation au trempe.
AU2007231473B2 (en) * 2006-03-29 2010-12-02 Centre De Recherches Metallurgiques ASBL -Centrum Voor Research In De Metallurgie VZW Method for continuously annealing and preparing strip of high-strength steel for the purpose of hot-dip galvanizing it
WO2007109865A1 (fr) * 2006-03-29 2007-10-04 Centre De Recherches Metallurgiques Asbl-Centrum Voor Research In De Metallurgie Vzw Procede de recuit et de preparation en continu d'une bande d'acier a haute resistance en vue de sa galvanisation au trempe
US8409667B2 (en) 2006-03-29 2013-04-02 Centre De Recherches Metallurgiques Asbl Method for continuously annealing and preparing strip of high-strength steel for the purpose of hot-dip galvanisating it
US8636854B2 (en) 2006-04-26 2014-01-28 Thyssenkrupp Steel Ag Method for melt immersion coating of a flat steel product made of high strength steel
US20100193081A1 (en) * 2007-06-29 2010-08-05 Arcelormittal France Process for manufacturing a galvannealed steel sheet by dff regulation
RU2451107C2 (ru) * 2007-06-29 2012-05-20 Арселормитталь Франс Способ производства оцинкованного и отожженного стального листа путем регулирования пламенной печи прямого действия
WO2009004425A1 (en) * 2007-06-29 2009-01-08 Arcelormittal France Process for manufacturing a galvannealed steel sheet by dff regulation
EP2009129A1 (en) * 2007-06-29 2008-12-31 ArcelorMittal France Process for manufacturing a galvannealed steel sheet by DFF regulation
CN101809182B (zh) * 2007-06-29 2015-08-05 安赛乐米塔尔法国公司 通过dff调节制造锌镀层退火的钢片材的方法
US9551046B2 (en) 2011-05-10 2017-01-24 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Apparatus and method for the treatment of a flat steel product, taking place in throughput
US9096919B2 (en) 2011-07-11 2015-08-04 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Method for producing a flat steel product provided with a metal protective layer by way of hot dip coating
WO2015088501A1 (en) * 2013-12-10 2015-06-18 Arcelormittal Investigacion Y Desarrollo A method of annealing steel sheets
CN105874087A (zh) * 2013-12-10 2016-08-17 安赛乐米塔尔公司 对钢板进行退火的方法
US10570472B2 (en) 2013-12-10 2020-02-25 Arcelormittal Method of annealing steel sheets
CN111676350A (zh) * 2013-12-10 2020-09-18 安赛乐米塔尔公司 对钢板进行退火的方法
US20190275766A1 (en) * 2016-05-30 2019-09-12 Jfe Steel Corporation Ferritic stainless steel sheet
US10821706B2 (en) * 2016-05-30 2020-11-03 Jfe Steel Corporation Ferritic stainless steel sheet

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BR7503219A (pt) 1976-04-27
SE7505849L (sv) 1975-11-25
IT1035805B (it) 1979-10-20
GB1496398A (en) 1977-12-30
DE2522485A1 (de) 1975-12-04
JPS5649989B2 (es) 1981-11-26
ES437895A1 (es) 1977-01-01
CA1054031A (en) 1979-05-08
FR2272193B1 (es) 1978-09-22
BE829402A (fr) 1975-11-24
DE2522485B2 (de) 1980-10-02
JPS5129324A (es) 1976-03-12
YU131275A (en) 1982-06-18
FR2272193A1 (es) 1975-12-19
DE2522485C3 (de) 1981-09-24
SE434959B (sv) 1984-08-27
YU36996B (en) 1984-08-31

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