US3922108A - Pre-whirl turbo charger apparatus - Google Patents

Pre-whirl turbo charger apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3922108A
US3922108A US452369A US45236974A US3922108A US 3922108 A US3922108 A US 3922108A US 452369 A US452369 A US 452369A US 45236974 A US45236974 A US 45236974A US 3922108 A US3922108 A US 3922108A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
duct
compressor
air
impeller
plenum chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US452369A
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English (en)
Inventor
Edward F Benisek
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wallace Murray Corp
Original Assignee
Wallace Murray Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wallace Murray Corp filed Critical Wallace Murray Corp
Priority to US452369A priority Critical patent/US3922108A/en
Priority to CA216,177A priority patent/CA1025829A/en
Priority to DE19752500496 priority patent/DE2500496A1/de
Priority to BR109/75A priority patent/BR7500109D0/pt
Priority to GB921/75A priority patent/GB1480871A/en
Priority to SE7500233A priority patent/SE7500233L/xx
Priority to JP50005510A priority patent/JPS5812479B2/ja
Priority to FR7501945A priority patent/FR2264995A1/fr
Priority to IT20852/75A priority patent/IT1033365B/it
Priority to ES435685A priority patent/ES435685A1/es
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3922108A publication Critical patent/US3922108A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Assigned to ELJER MANUFACTURING, INC. reassignment ELJER MANUFACTURING, INC. RELEASE Assignors: NATIONSBANK OF TEXAS, N.A.
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/12—Control of the pumps
    • F02B37/22—Control of the pumps by varying cross-section of exhaust passages or air passages, e.g. by throttling turbine inlets or outlets or by varying effective number of guide conduits
    • F02B37/225—Control of the pumps by varying cross-section of exhaust passages or air passages, e.g. by throttling turbine inlets or outlets or by varying effective number of guide conduits air passages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/46—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers adjustable
    • F04D29/462—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers adjustable especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/464—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers adjustable especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps adjusting flow cross-section, otherwise than by using adjustable stator blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/50—Inlet or outlet
    • F05D2250/51—Inlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/14—Preswirling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A prewhirl construction for the compressor of a turbocharger.
  • the periphery of the compressor input opening is provided with a plurality of slanted spin vanes which impart a tangential velocity to air entering the compressor.
  • the air is thus provided with a velocity component similar to the compressors impeller velocity.
  • the input duct to the compressor carries a butterfly valve whose setting controls the amount of air entering through the peripheral spin vanes.
  • the operating surge line is moved so as to increase the flow range of the compressor.
  • This invention relates to the art of turbochargers and more particularly to an arrangement for prewhirling air which enters the compressor.
  • Turbochargers are widely used on internal combustion engines and particularly on large diesel engines for trucks.
  • turbochargers are driven by the engine exhaust gases. The exhaust is coupled to a turbine with the turbine in turn connected to the compressor. Ambient air is compressed by the compressor and fed into the input of the engine.
  • Prewhirl or spin devices have been known for air compressors. Such devices often include a plurality of slanted vanes extending across the mouth of the compressor inlet and thereby impart to the incoming air a whirl component to the air, thereby reducing compressor work at a given compressor speed. Such devices are shown in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,637,486 to Taylor, and 2,690,293 to Muhlberg, for example. Air prewhirl counter to impeller rotation increases the work done by the compressor, while air prewhirl in the same direction decreases the compressor work. The effect of prewhirl is more fully discussed in ASME Paper No. 63- AI-IGT-55 by Anderson and Shouman published March 1963.
  • prewhirl moves the surge line (stall line) to a lower flow and thus expands the operating range.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the prewhirl assembly of this invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the ring element which carries the slanted vanes.
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of the ring of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a plot showing the operation of the device with a 0.410 nozzle gap with the butterfly valve 49 open.
  • FIG. 5 is a plot similar to that of FIG. 4, but with the butterfly valve fully open.
  • the numeral denotes a compressor cover of a conventional turbocharger.
  • the dashed element denoted by the numeral ,2 11 indicates a conventional impeller.
  • the compressor cover 10 includes an annular chamber 12 which receives compressed air, the chamber defined by a hollow torus 14 having an integral inlet portion or mouth 18 provided at its periphery with annular flange 20.
  • gularly rotatable post 36 the latter being adjustable to any desired angular position by means of lever assembly 38,40.
  • the input end of duct 28v is coupled-to air filter 42, the filter extending radially to meet the input of a second duct 44 whose interior defines a plenum chamber communicating with compressor mouth 18 through spin vanes 24.
  • the axial space between the radially outermost portions of vanes 24 and annular elements 20 and 22 define peripherally disposed air input passages 25 (see FIG. 3) through which air may pass.
  • the passages converge, as nozzles, to an exit area 26.
  • the operation of the device is as follows. With the vane of butterfly valve 34 angularly positioned so as to provide desired air flow in interior 30 of duct 28, the suction pressure in mouth 18 due to pumping action of impeller rotation results in ambient air passing through filter 42, entering duct 28 and pumping through the compressor. A regulated amount of air enters the compressor through passages 25. Should operating conditions be such that prewhirl is desired to change the surge condition, the butterfly valve vane 34 should be closed somewhat to restrict the flow of air through duct 28. Some air is now drawn in through filter 42, through plenum chamber 46 and into passages 25. As may be most readily visualized by reference to FIG. 3, the air is thus given a tangential component of velocity, in the same direction of rotation as that of impeller 1 1. Other air, as before, also passes through 30 into compressor mouth 18.
  • the butterfly valve 34 is rotated still further to inhibit passage of air through duct 28, with correspondingly increased amounts of air flowing through passages 25 and nozzle exits 26, and thus spun or prewhirled prior to entering mouth 18.
  • the passages 25 are defined by sheet vanes 24 angularly positioned. In lieu of such vanes, other arrangements for yielding slanting nozzles may be employed, such as drilling or casting apertures in a thickened ring.
  • FIG. 4 of the drawings the operation of the apparatus is shown with valve disc open 49 degrees with respect to the flow axis 30 of duct 28.
  • the several efficiency curves, for the indicated compressor speeds, are shown with their left portions being joined at the surge or stall line. It will be recalled that operating conditions are unstable to the left of the surge line and accordingly all compressor operation must take place to the right of this line.
  • FIG. 5 is a similar plot, except that the butterfly valve is completely open, there being accordingly a minimum of prewhirl imparted to the air entering compressor mouth 18. It will be seen from a comparison of FIGS. 4 and 5 that (as is known in the art) the effect of positive prewhirl is to move the surge line to the left and the operating range of the device thereby extended.
  • a compressor installation for a turbocharger for imparting prewhi rl to air entering the compressor including,
  • a rotary centrifugal compressor having an impeller and having an elongated input flow duct defining a central intake passage in fluid communication with the intake of the impeller
  • said flow duct having a rotary pivoted disc valve positioned therewithin to control the amount of air passing through the said duct towards said impeller
  • a plurality of peripherally disposed passages in said duct which establish fluid communication between the interior and the exterior of the said duct, said passages including means for imparting a tangential 4 velocity to air passing therethrough into the duct interior from the duct exterior,
  • peripheral openings being axially located in said duct between said rotary pivoted disc valve and said centrifugal impeller
  • a casing surrounding said duct, one end of said casing being closed and meeting said duct at a region downstream of said peripherally disposed passages to thereby define an enlarged annular plenum chamber closed at one end, the other end of said plenum chamber being open and unrestricted and communicating with ambient air.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Air Blowers (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
US452369A 1974-03-18 1974-03-18 Pre-whirl turbo charger apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3922108A (en)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US452369A US3922108A (en) 1974-03-18 1974-03-18 Pre-whirl turbo charger apparatus
CA216,177A CA1025829A (en) 1974-03-18 1974-12-17 Prewhirl turbo charger apparatus
DE19752500496 DE2500496A1 (de) 1974-03-18 1975-01-08 Kompressorvorrichtung
BR109/75A BR7500109D0 (pt) 1974-03-18 1975-01-08 Estrutura de compressor para um turbo compressor
SE7500233A SE7500233L (US20030199744A1-20031023-C00003.png) 1974-03-18 1975-01-09
GB921/75A GB1480871A (en) 1974-03-18 1975-01-09 Compressor installation for a turbocharger
JP50005510A JPS5812479B2 (ja) 1974-03-18 1975-01-10 ヨビセンカイタ−ボチヤ−ジヤソウチ
FR7501945A FR2264995A1 (US20030199744A1-20031023-C00003.png) 1974-03-18 1975-01-22
IT20852/75A IT1033365B (it) 1974-03-18 1975-03-03 Turbocompressore a gas di scarico con premovimento vorticoso dell aria
ES435685A ES435685A1 (es) 1974-03-18 1975-03-17 Perfeccionamientos en aparatos turbosoplantes de prerrota- cion para motores de combustion interna.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US452369A US3922108A (en) 1974-03-18 1974-03-18 Pre-whirl turbo charger apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3922108A true US3922108A (en) 1975-11-25

Family

ID=23796198

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US452369A Expired - Lifetime US3922108A (en) 1974-03-18 1974-03-18 Pre-whirl turbo charger apparatus

Country Status (10)

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US (1) US3922108A (US20030199744A1-20031023-C00003.png)
JP (1) JPS5812479B2 (US20030199744A1-20031023-C00003.png)
BR (1) BR7500109D0 (US20030199744A1-20031023-C00003.png)
CA (1) CA1025829A (US20030199744A1-20031023-C00003.png)
DE (1) DE2500496A1 (US20030199744A1-20031023-C00003.png)
ES (1) ES435685A1 (US20030199744A1-20031023-C00003.png)
FR (1) FR2264995A1 (US20030199744A1-20031023-C00003.png)
GB (1) GB1480871A (US20030199744A1-20031023-C00003.png)
IT (1) IT1033365B (US20030199744A1-20031023-C00003.png)
SE (1) SE7500233L (US20030199744A1-20031023-C00003.png)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4533293A (en) * 1981-12-22 1985-08-06 Thomassen International Method of improving the part-load behavior of a turbo machine, and a compressor or pump adapted for use of such method
US4767317A (en) * 1985-01-26 1988-08-30 Carl Kramer Apparatus for mixing a gas main flow with at least one gas subflow
US4832642A (en) * 1985-10-08 1989-05-23 Thompson Marine Propulsion Systems, Inc. Outboard boat propulsion installation
US5266003A (en) * 1992-05-20 1993-11-30 Praxair Technology, Inc. Compressor collector with nonuniform cross section
US20040009061A1 (en) * 2002-07-13 2004-01-15 Imra Europe S.A. Uk Research Centre. Compressors
US20090139228A1 (en) * 2007-12-04 2009-06-04 Mann+Hummel Gmbh Exhaust Gas Turbocharger for An Internal Combustion Engine and Device for Switching An Air Guiding Device of An Exhaust Gas Turbocharger
EP2163746A2 (en) 2008-09-10 2010-03-17 BorgWarner Inc. Coupling turbochargers for passive pre-swirl counter-rotation
US20140069095A1 (en) * 2012-09-10 2014-03-13 Caterpillar Inc. Engine system having intake conduit with surge inhibitor and method
US20150354591A1 (en) * 2013-02-22 2015-12-10 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Centrifugal compressor
US20170284407A1 (en) * 2016-03-29 2017-10-05 Michael Xuwang Cao Automatic Inlet Swirl Device for Turbomachinery
US9932991B2 (en) 2016-04-04 2018-04-03 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Active swirl device for turbocharger compressor
CN111503059A (zh) * 2020-04-10 2020-08-07 上海交通大学 离心压气机入口气流脉动调节装置
US11207628B2 (en) 2018-09-27 2021-12-28 Noram Engineering And Constructors Ltd. Processes and devices for separating entrainment from sulphuric acid plant process gas
US11208971B2 (en) * 2019-01-16 2021-12-28 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Methods and systems for mitigating condensate formation

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS58169118U (ja) * 1982-05-08 1983-11-11 株式会社クボタ 過給機
SE451873B (sv) * 1982-07-29 1987-11-02 Do G Pk I Experiment Axialflekt
JPS6078484U (ja) * 1983-10-31 1985-05-31 白井　修 着脱式綴具
SE445061B (sv) * 1984-10-10 1986-05-26 Do Politekh Inst Flekt med anordning for rotation av den i lophjulet inkommande luftstrommen
DE3529281C1 (de) * 1985-08-16 1986-09-11 Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Vorrichtung zur Richtungsaenderung eines durch den Einlass eines Verdichters eines Abgasturboladers einer Brennkraftmaschine eintretenden Luftstromes
GB2224076A (en) * 1988-08-03 1990-04-25 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Controlling pumps
DE19514707A1 (de) * 1995-04-21 1996-10-24 Johannes Werner Vorleiteinrichtung für Radialverdichter
BE1012901A3 (nl) * 1999-09-15 2001-05-08 Atlas Copco Airpower Nv Werkwijze voor het regelen van het debiet in een leiding voor gasvormig fluidum en leiding voorzien van een debietregeling.
DE102004039299A1 (de) * 2004-08-13 2006-02-23 Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh Turboverdichter für eine Brennkraftmaschine
FR2878914B1 (fr) * 2004-12-03 2010-09-03 Inst Francais Du Petrole Compresseur d'air, notamment pour moteur a combustion interne, comprenant une chambre de mise en rotation de l'air admis
DE102005023647B4 (de) * 2005-05-21 2014-09-04 Daimler Ag Abgasturbolader mit einem Verdichter
DE102007047506A1 (de) * 2007-10-04 2008-10-23 Voith Patent Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen eines drallbehafteten Mediumstromes, insbesondere für einen Abgasturbolader
JP2010168916A (ja) * 2009-01-20 2010-08-05 Otics Corp 過給機用コンプレッサ
WO2016181427A1 (ja) * 2015-05-14 2016-11-17 日産ライトトラック株式会社 圧縮空気製造装置およびこれを備えるターボチャージャ並びに内燃機関
EP4004380A4 (en) * 2019-07-23 2023-08-09 Edward Charles Mendler HYBRID ELECTRIC TURBOCHARGER
CN113217464B (zh) * 2021-03-31 2022-08-19 江苏科技大学 一种组合式压气机机匣结构

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1517329A (en) * 1921-08-29 1924-12-02 Weiss Leo Centrifugal fan or blower
US2140148A (en) * 1935-10-30 1938-12-13 Davidson & Co Ltd Control of centrifugal fans, pumps, and the like
US2336010A (en) * 1942-09-17 1943-12-07 Fairchild Engine & Airplane Supercharger
US2405282A (en) * 1938-02-02 1946-08-06 Fed Reserve Bank Variable ratio compressor
US2690293A (en) * 1951-01-20 1954-09-28 Westinghouse Electric Corp Fan
US2798658A (en) * 1955-03-01 1957-07-09 Westinghouse Electric Corp Volume controls for centrifugal fans
US3672786A (en) * 1970-11-02 1972-06-27 Carrier Corp Capacity control mechanism for centrifugal gas compressors

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1517329A (en) * 1921-08-29 1924-12-02 Weiss Leo Centrifugal fan or blower
US2140148A (en) * 1935-10-30 1938-12-13 Davidson & Co Ltd Control of centrifugal fans, pumps, and the like
US2405282A (en) * 1938-02-02 1946-08-06 Fed Reserve Bank Variable ratio compressor
US2336010A (en) * 1942-09-17 1943-12-07 Fairchild Engine & Airplane Supercharger
US2690293A (en) * 1951-01-20 1954-09-28 Westinghouse Electric Corp Fan
US2798658A (en) * 1955-03-01 1957-07-09 Westinghouse Electric Corp Volume controls for centrifugal fans
US3672786A (en) * 1970-11-02 1972-06-27 Carrier Corp Capacity control mechanism for centrifugal gas compressors

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4533293A (en) * 1981-12-22 1985-08-06 Thomassen International Method of improving the part-load behavior of a turbo machine, and a compressor or pump adapted for use of such method
US4767317A (en) * 1985-01-26 1988-08-30 Carl Kramer Apparatus for mixing a gas main flow with at least one gas subflow
US4832642A (en) * 1985-10-08 1989-05-23 Thompson Marine Propulsion Systems, Inc. Outboard boat propulsion installation
US5266003A (en) * 1992-05-20 1993-11-30 Praxair Technology, Inc. Compressor collector with nonuniform cross section
US20040009061A1 (en) * 2002-07-13 2004-01-15 Imra Europe S.A. Uk Research Centre. Compressors
GB2391265A (en) * 2002-07-13 2004-02-04 Imra Europ S A Uk Res Ct Compressor inlet with swirl vanes, inner sleeve and shut-off valve
US8156741B2 (en) * 2007-12-04 2012-04-17 Mann + Hummel Gmbh Exhaust gas turbocharger for an internal combustion engine and device for switching an air guiding device of an exhaust gas turbocharger
US20090139228A1 (en) * 2007-12-04 2009-06-04 Mann+Hummel Gmbh Exhaust Gas Turbocharger for An Internal Combustion Engine and Device for Switching An Air Guiding Device of An Exhaust Gas Turbocharger
EP2163746A2 (en) 2008-09-10 2010-03-17 BorgWarner Inc. Coupling turbochargers for passive pre-swirl counter-rotation
US20140069095A1 (en) * 2012-09-10 2014-03-13 Caterpillar Inc. Engine system having intake conduit with surge inhibitor and method
US8950183B2 (en) * 2012-09-10 2015-02-10 Caterpillar Inc. Engine system having intake conduit with surge inhibitor and method
US20150354591A1 (en) * 2013-02-22 2015-12-10 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Centrifugal compressor
US10167877B2 (en) * 2013-02-22 2019-01-01 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Centrifugal compressor
US20170284407A1 (en) * 2016-03-29 2017-10-05 Michael Xuwang Cao Automatic Inlet Swirl Device for Turbomachinery
US9932991B2 (en) 2016-04-04 2018-04-03 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Active swirl device for turbocharger compressor
US11207628B2 (en) 2018-09-27 2021-12-28 Noram Engineering And Constructors Ltd. Processes and devices for separating entrainment from sulphuric acid plant process gas
US11208971B2 (en) * 2019-01-16 2021-12-28 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Methods and systems for mitigating condensate formation
CN111503059A (zh) * 2020-04-10 2020-08-07 上海交通大学 离心压气机入口气流脉动调节装置
CN111503059B (zh) * 2020-04-10 2022-01-25 上海交通大学 离心压气机入口气流脉动调节装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2264995A1 (US20030199744A1-20031023-C00003.png) 1975-10-17
JPS50125116A (US20030199744A1-20031023-C00003.png) 1975-10-01
SE7500233L (US20030199744A1-20031023-C00003.png) 1975-09-19
ES435685A1 (es) 1977-01-16
IT1033365B (it) 1979-07-10
CA1025829A (en) 1978-02-07
DE2500496A1 (de) 1975-09-25
BR7500109D0 (pt) 1975-12-16
GB1480871A (en) 1977-07-27
JPS5812479B2 (ja) 1983-03-08

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Owner name: ELJER MANUFACTURING, INC., TEXAS

Free format text: RELEASE;ASSIGNOR:NATIONSBANK OF TEXAS, N.A.;REEL/FRAME:008354/0586

Effective date: 19970121