US3920377A - Combustion apparatus - Google Patents

Combustion apparatus Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3920377A
US3920377A US484267A US48426774A US3920377A US 3920377 A US3920377 A US 3920377A US 484267 A US484267 A US 484267A US 48426774 A US48426774 A US 48426774A US 3920377 A US3920377 A US 3920377A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
air
burner
duct
air duct
bias
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US484267A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Hiroshi Yanuki
Shigeru Miyao
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IHI Corp
Original Assignee
IHI Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by IHI Corp filed Critical IHI Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3920377A publication Critical patent/US3920377A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B21/00—Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically
    • F22B21/34—Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically built-up from water tubes grouped in panel form surrounding the combustion chamber, i.e. radiation boilers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/02—Disposition of air supply not passing through burner
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber

Definitions

  • a combustion apparatus wherein burner ports are communicated through ducts with slitshaped air ports formed through the fins or gills of the boiler tubes immediately above the burner ports in such a way that the fresh, air or the air-exhaust-gas mixture may be selectively blown into the furnace.
  • the NO and CO contents in the exhaust gases discharged into the surrounding atmosphere may be considerably decreased.
  • COMBUSTION APPARATUS Smokes and gases containing pollutants such as nitrogen oxides (NO,) and sulfur oxides (S0,) recently present a serious atmospheric pollution problem.
  • pollutants such as nitrogen oxides (NO,) and sulfur oxides (S0,)
  • thermoelectric power plants fuels are switched to low-sulfur-content heavy oils or liquefied natural gases.
  • various improvements of the burners to overcome the above problem.
  • various improvements of the burner ports in order to reduce the pollutants such as NO in the combustion products.
  • thermoelectric power plants the so-called off-stoichiometric combustion is carried out while the over-firing-air-ports are provided above the burner to force the air over the flames so that the production of NO, may be considerably reduced, thus resulting in the prevention of the atmospheric pollution.
  • an over-flring-air-port c circular in cross section is formed above each column of burner ports a as shown in FIG. 1 so that the flames blown out of the lower burner ports rise, thus resulting in the nonuniform mixture of the combustion gases with the air blown out of the over-firing-air-port 0.
  • tubes b When the over-firing-air-ports are provided in a boiler, tubes b must be curved not only around the burner ports a but also around the overfiring-air-port c as shown in FIG; 1 so that the fabrication is complex and the cost is expensive. If the tubes b are bent or curved, the internal pressure loss of the tubes b will be much increased.
  • the primary object of the present invention is to form a plurality of slits in each fin interconnecting between boiler tubes so as to provide air ports, thereby overcoming the above problems.
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of a multi-stage burner to which is applied the present invention:
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG. 2;-
  • a slit-shaped air port 8 for blowing the bias air.
  • a slit-shaped air port may be formed through the narrow interconnecting plate.
  • the width of the slit-shaped air port is dependent upon the width of the fin or gill or plate, but the height may be suitably selected. Therefore, the heights of the slit-shaped air ports are so selected that the height of the air port immediately above the center of the burner may be greatest while the heights are gradually decreased as the slit-shaped air ports are spaced away from the center line of the burner so that the distribution of the air may be adjusted with that of the combustion gases.
  • a bias air box 9 attached on the outer surface of the furnace wall is in communication with the slit-shaped air ports 8 and with a bias air duct 10. As shown in FIG. 5, the air discharged into the bias air duct 10 by a positive blower 22 flows into the air box 9 and then is blown into the furnace through the slitshaped air ports 8.
  • a bias air damper 9a is disposed at the connection between the bias air box 9 and the bias air duct 10 so that the flow rate of the air may be controlled.
  • the bias air box 9 is communicated with a burner port through an intercommunication duct 11, and a damper 1 la is disposed within the duct 1 1 so that the flow rate of the air flowing into the burner port 1 may be controlled.
  • the burner ports 1 are communicated with a burner-air duct 12, and a burner-air separate damper 13 is disposed in each duct 12 so that the flow rate of air may be controlled.
  • the center of the burner is indicated by X in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the burnerair separate dampers 13 are opened while the biasair inlet dampers 9a are opened very slightly and the burner-air bias dampers 11a are wide opened. Then a very small portion of the combustion air passing through the burner-air ducts 12 is supplied into the bias air boxes 9 so that the bias air boxes 9 and the structures surrounding the air boxes 9 may be cooled. A substantial portion of the combustion air is blown into the furnace (not shown) through the burner ports 1 for combustion. The control of the flow rate of the air supplied to each burner port 1 is controlled by the burner-air separate damper 13.
  • the burner-air separate dampers 13 are opened while the bias-air inlet dampers 9a are opened very slightly and the burner-air bias dampers 11a are wide opened. Then the air blowing into the furnace through the ducts l l and the slit-shaped air ports 8 is increased in volume while the air blown into the furnace through the burner ports 1 is reduced in volume. consequently, the off-stoichiometric combustion, i.e. the so-called bias combustion is carried out so that the contents of NO and in the exhaust gases discharged into the surrounding atmosphere may be considerably decreased.
  • FIG. 5 the combustion gases or products are recirculated in order to. decrease the pollutants.
  • an air duct system for mixing the fresh air with the combustion gases or products and forcing the air-exhaust-gas mixture into the furnace.
  • reference numeral 21 denotes a gas blower; 22, a positive air blower; and 23, a furnace. Same reference numerals are used to designate the parts similar to those shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, and for the sake of simplicity the gilled. boiler tubes and their fins or gills are not shown.
  • the burner-air separate dampers 13 are opened while the bias-air-inlet dampers 9a are opened very slightly and the burner-air bias dampers 11a are opened, and then the positive air blower 22 is driven.
  • the air blown into the furnace 23 through the burner ports 1 is reduced in volume so that the off-stoichiometric combustions, i.e. the so-called bias combustion is carried out. Consequently, the contents NQ in the exhaust gases discharged into the surrounding atmosphere are considerably decreased.
  • the dampers are opened as in the case of the operation l, and the positive air blower 22 and the gas blower 21 are driven. Then the so-called gas injection operation in which a part of the exhaust gases or inactive gases is mixed with combustion air and the airexhaust-gas mixture is blown through the burner ports 1 into the furnace 23 becomes possible.
  • the contents of NO in the exhaust gases discharged into the surrounding atmosphere may be considerably decreased.
  • the burner-air separate dampers 13 are opened while the burner-air bias dampers 11a are wide opened and the bias air inlet dampers 9a are suitably opened. Both the gas blower 21 and the positive air blower 22 are driven. Then the air-exhaust-gas mixture is blown through the burner ports 1 into the furnace while only the fresh air is blown into the furnace 23 through the slit-shaped air ports 8. Consequently, the contents of NO in the exhaust gases may be also considerably decreased.
  • the slit-shaped air ports i.e. air inlet ports are formed through the fins or gills of the boiler tubes immediately above the burner ports, and are communicated with the ducts so that not only the fresh air but also the air-exhaust-gas mixture may be blown into the I combustion chamber or furnace.
  • the air inlet ports are of a slitshaped and may be formed along the whole width or circumference of the furnace, and the heights of the slit-shaped air ports may be varied suitably.
  • the air may be blown in the optimum manner depending upon the distribution of the flames immediately below the slit-shaped air ports so that the uniform mixing may be atained. Therefore, not only the NO, contents are decreased but also the smokes and C are also reduced. Furthermore it is possible to selectively bias both the fresh air and the air-exhaust-gas mixture so that the freedom in operation may be much improved.
  • the combustion apparatus in accordance with the present invention is employed with the gas injection system, the atmospheric pollution problem may be substantially overcome.
  • the existing boilers must be modified extensively when the conventional overfiring-air-port bias combustion system is to be employed, but the present invention may be readily applied to the existing boilers and the extensive modification or renovation is not required because the air ports are formed through the fins or gills of the boiler tubes and the scale of the works for installing the ducts and dampers is less as compared with the case when the conventional bias combustion system is employed.
  • An improvement of a combustion apparatus comprising a plurality of burner ports, a plurlity of boiler tubes provided with fins, a plurality of slit-shaped air ports formed through the fins of the boiler tubes immediately above said burner ports, and a plurality of ducts connected to said air ports.
US484267A 1973-07-12 1974-06-28 Combustion apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3920377A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1973083159U JPS5232977Y2 (ja) 1973-07-12 1973-07-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3920377A true US3920377A (en) 1975-11-18

Family

ID=13794453

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US484267A Expired - Lifetime US3920377A (en) 1973-07-12 1974-06-28 Combustion apparatus

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3920377A (ja)
JP (1) JPS5232977Y2 (ja)
FR (1) FR2237124B1 (ja)
GB (1) GB1428592A (ja)
IT (1) IT1017073B (ja)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2658847A1 (de) * 1976-03-31 1977-10-06 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Brennereinrichtung
US4089630A (en) * 1975-12-11 1978-05-16 Pietro Fascione Process for mixing two fluids and apparatus for carrying out this process
US4496306A (en) * 1978-06-09 1985-01-29 Hitachi Shipbuilding & Engineering Co., Ltd. Multi-stage combustion method for inhibiting formation of nitrogen oxides
US4699071A (en) * 1985-01-16 1987-10-13 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Nitrogen oxide reduction in furnaces
GB2226122A (en) * 1988-12-15 1990-06-20 Tampella Oy Ab Reducing nitrogen oxide formation during combustion
US5305698A (en) * 1989-04-04 1994-04-26 Blackwell Brian R Method and apparatus for improving fluid flow and gas mixing in boilers
US5573391A (en) * 1994-10-13 1996-11-12 Gas Research Institute Method for reducing nitrogen oxides
DE19520720A1 (de) * 1995-06-12 1996-12-19 Evt Energie & Verfahrenstech Verfahren und Anlage zur Erzeugung von Dampf
US5636977A (en) * 1994-10-13 1997-06-10 Gas Research Institute Burner apparatus for reducing nitrogen oxides
US6652265B2 (en) 2000-12-06 2003-11-25 North American Manufacturing Company Burner apparatus and method
CN106439794A (zh) * 2016-09-30 2017-02-22 浙江浙能技术研究院有限公司 一种降低nox排放和减轻结焦的配风方法及系统
CN106642083A (zh) * 2016-09-30 2017-05-10 浙江浙能技术研究院有限公司 一种侧燃尽风配风方法及燃煤锅炉
US20220252262A1 (en) * 2020-08-18 2022-08-11 Tyler Kimberlin Optimized Overfire Air Nozzles, System and Strategy
US11982446B2 (en) * 2021-08-18 2024-05-14 Tyler K C Kimberlin Optimized overfire air nozzles, system and strategy

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3039444A (en) * 1960-02-04 1962-06-19 Foster Wheeler Corp Apparatus for and method of introducing tertiary air into furnaces
US3040719A (en) * 1952-04-21 1962-06-26 Bailey Meter Co Vapor generating and superheating systems
US3742916A (en) * 1971-01-07 1973-07-03 Goetaverken Angteknik Ab Arrangement for cleaning an air passage in the wall of a refuse burning furnace

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1154926A (fr) * 1955-10-21 1958-04-18 Combustion Eng Perfectionnements apportés aux générateurs de vapeur
FR1259909A (fr) * 1960-06-17 1961-04-28 Babcock & Wilcox Co Procédé et appareil de combustion
CA1003718A (en) * 1972-05-12 1977-01-18 William C. Pfefferle Method and furnace system for burning carbonaceous fuels

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3040719A (en) * 1952-04-21 1962-06-26 Bailey Meter Co Vapor generating and superheating systems
US3039444A (en) * 1960-02-04 1962-06-19 Foster Wheeler Corp Apparatus for and method of introducing tertiary air into furnaces
US3742916A (en) * 1971-01-07 1973-07-03 Goetaverken Angteknik Ab Arrangement for cleaning an air passage in the wall of a refuse burning furnace

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4089630A (en) * 1975-12-11 1978-05-16 Pietro Fascione Process for mixing two fluids and apparatus for carrying out this process
DE2658847A1 (de) * 1976-03-31 1977-10-06 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Brennereinrichtung
US4135874A (en) * 1976-03-31 1979-01-23 Ishikawajima-Harima Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Two stage combustion furnace
DE2660865C3 (de) * 1976-03-31 1985-01-03 Ishikawajima-Harima Jukogyo K.K., Tokio/Tokyo Verbrennungseinrichtung zur Durchführung einer zweistufigen Verbrennung unter Abgasrückführung
US4496306A (en) * 1978-06-09 1985-01-29 Hitachi Shipbuilding & Engineering Co., Ltd. Multi-stage combustion method for inhibiting formation of nitrogen oxides
US4699071A (en) * 1985-01-16 1987-10-13 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Nitrogen oxide reduction in furnaces
GB2226122A (en) * 1988-12-15 1990-06-20 Tampella Oy Ab Reducing nitrogen oxide formation during combustion
US5305698A (en) * 1989-04-04 1994-04-26 Blackwell Brian R Method and apparatus for improving fluid flow and gas mixing in boilers
US5573391A (en) * 1994-10-13 1996-11-12 Gas Research Institute Method for reducing nitrogen oxides
US5636977A (en) * 1994-10-13 1997-06-10 Gas Research Institute Burner apparatus for reducing nitrogen oxides
DE19520720A1 (de) * 1995-06-12 1996-12-19 Evt Energie & Verfahrenstech Verfahren und Anlage zur Erzeugung von Dampf
US6652265B2 (en) 2000-12-06 2003-11-25 North American Manufacturing Company Burner apparatus and method
CN106439794A (zh) * 2016-09-30 2017-02-22 浙江浙能技术研究院有限公司 一种降低nox排放和减轻结焦的配风方法及系统
CN106642083A (zh) * 2016-09-30 2017-05-10 浙江浙能技术研究院有限公司 一种侧燃尽风配风方法及燃煤锅炉
US20220252262A1 (en) * 2020-08-18 2022-08-11 Tyler Kimberlin Optimized Overfire Air Nozzles, System and Strategy
US11982446B2 (en) * 2021-08-18 2024-05-14 Tyler K C Kimberlin Optimized overfire air nozzles, system and strategy

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT1017073B (it) 1977-07-20
JPS5232977Y2 (ja) 1977-07-27
DE2433387B2 (de) 1977-04-28
FR2237124B1 (ja) 1976-12-24
FR2237124A1 (ja) 1975-02-07
DE2433387A1 (de) 1975-02-06
GB1428592A (en) 1976-03-17
JPS5029539U (ja) 1975-04-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0711952B1 (en) Pulverized coal burner
US3920377A (en) Combustion apparatus
US4708638A (en) Fluid fuel fired burner
US4455840A (en) Ring combustion chamber with ring burner for gas turbines
US6565361B2 (en) Methods and apparatus for burning fuel with low NOx formation
AU615989B2 (en) Improvements in burners
US4551090A (en) Burner
CA1205684A (en) Burner register assembly
IT1238713B (it) Bruciatore perfezionato per olio e gas combustibili a bassa produzione di ossidi di azoto.
CA1230269A (en) Furnace, burner and method for burning pulverized coal
CN1170845A (zh) 用于粉状固体燃料炉的过热空气控制系统
GB1563386A (en) Furnace
CA1254444A (en) Controlled flow split stream burner assembly with sorbent injection
US6082273A (en) Method for operating a corner burner for a tangential burner system and corner burner for performing the method
GB1585410A (en) Burner
US3846066A (en) Fuel burner apparatus
JPS556107A (en) Combustion device for furnace
US3892191A (en) Vapor generating system in which recirculated flue gases are injected into the combustion air stream of a steam generator
CN1010053B (zh) 具有喷射吸附剂的燃烧器装置
US5664944A (en) Low pressure drop vanes for burners and NOX ports
SU1688040A2 (ru) Подова горелка
JPH0140967Y2 (ja)
JPS60120107A (ja) 燃焼室
JPH0375403A (ja) 微粉炭燃焼装置
RU1802266C (ru) Горелочное устройство