US3917175A - Crushing apparatus having centrifugal classifier - Google Patents

Crushing apparatus having centrifugal classifier Download PDF

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Publication number
US3917175A
US3917175A US506532A US50653274A US3917175A US 3917175 A US3917175 A US 3917175A US 506532 A US506532 A US 506532A US 50653274 A US50653274 A US 50653274A US 3917175 A US3917175 A US 3917175A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
housing
conduit means
axis
set forth
gas stream
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US506532A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hiroyuki Maeda
Teruaki Suzuki
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osaka Gas Co Ltd & Kabush
Osaka Gas Company Ltd & Hosokawa Funtai Kogaku Kenkyusho KK
Original Assignee
Osaka Gas Co Ltd & Kabush
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Osaka Gas Co Ltd & Kabush filed Critical Osaka Gas Co Ltd & Kabush
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Publication of US3917175A publication Critical patent/US3917175A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/13—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft and combined with sifting devices, e.g. for making powdered fuel

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Crushing apparatus having a centrifugal classifier comprising a first housing and a second housing which are substantially coaxial with each other.
  • the first housing contains hammer means rotatable about its axis and is provided with a chute for feeding thereto the material to be crushed.
  • the second housing has discharge means proximate to its axis. The first housing communicates with the second housing through first conduit means and second conduit means.
  • the present invention relates to a crushing apparatus having a centrifugal classifier in which material of different kinds to be crushed are crushed by hammer means and the crushed material is classified into coarse fragments and fine fragments, of which the fine fragments are selectively discharged from the apparatus in succession.
  • the conventional process is such that the material fed into the crushing apparatus is crushed by hammer means, and all of its crushed fragments are discharged outside thecnushing apparatus to be classified according to the size by a separately provided classifying apparatus. Thereafter, the coarse fragments alone are returned to the crushing apparatus to be crushed again. In the course of such repeated operation the fine fragments are selectively taken out.
  • the conventional process as described above requires, apart from the power for rotating the hammer means of the crushing apparatus, the power for operating the classifying apparatus and, after classification, returning the coarse fragments to the crushing apparatus.
  • the overall apparatus not only tends to be large and complex but entails a considerable power waste; its operation is not economical.
  • This invention intends to eliminate the foregoing drawbacks by making full use of the functions of the hammer means and provide an economical crushing apparatus equipped with a centrifugal classifier which is capable of efficiently performing both crushing and classifying operations.
  • the crushing apparatus having a classifier of this invention comprises a first housing and a second housing substantially coaxial with each other; first conduit means and second conduit means for communicating the first housing and the second housing, the first conduit means being connected to both the housings at a position proximate to the peripheral walls thereof and having an inner space having an annular cross section, the second conduit means being connected to both the housings at a position closer to the axis of the housings than the first conduit means; hammer means disposed within the first housing and rotatable about its axis; a chute connected to the first housing at a position closer to the axis than the first conduit means; and vdischarge means connected to the second housing at a position closer to the axis than the second conduit means.
  • the rotation of the hammer means produces in the first housing a whirling gasstream, which flows through the first conduit means into the second housing and cir-
  • the material fed into the first housing is crushed by the hammer means and is then sent by the gas stream through the first conduit means into the second housing, in which it circulates about its axis and is classified into coarse fragments and fine fragments by the cooperative action of the centrifugal force and the conveying force of the gas stream.
  • the fine fragments are sent to the discharge means by the gas stream, whereas the coarse fragments are sent by the gas stream back into the first housing through the second conduit means.
  • the material is crushed into fragments within the first housing and such fragments of all sizes are promptly sent to the second housing through the first conduit means.
  • the fragments are then made to circulate together with the gas stream in the second housing and are effectively classified into coarse fragments and fine fragments by the cooperative action of the centrifugal force and the conveying force of the gas stream.
  • the fine fragments are promptly let out of the apparatus on the gas stream through the discharge means, whereas the coarse fragments are returned through the second conduit means to the first housing by the gas stream.
  • an effective use is made of the differentiation of pressure within the first housing caused by the rotation of the hammer means.
  • the second conduit means is disposed closer to the axis of both the housings than the first conduit means, the pressure in the vicinity of the opening of the second conduit means to the first housing is higher than that in the vicinity of the opening thereof to the second hous- Accordingly, after classified, the coarse fragments circulating vnear the opening of the second conduit means to the second housing are positively and smoothly returned to the first housing owing to the inhaling force caused by the aforesaid pressure differentiation.
  • the apparatus according to the present invention uses the inhaling force caused by the pressure differentiation owing to the rotation of the hammer means which is the essential factor of a crushing apparatus.
  • the coarse fragments introduced through the first conduit means into the second housing travel to the inlet of the second conduit means in circulating motion within the second housing owing to the gas stream and the centrifugal force, instead of proceeding directly thereto.
  • a primary object of this invention is to provide an economical apparatus with a simple construction and classifying its fragments by a small power supply.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide an apparatus which is designed to discharge the fragments of substantially uniform size irrespective of the kind of the material.
  • Still another object of this invention is to provide an apparatus which is capable of controlling, as desired, the size of the crushed fragments of the material to be discharged from the apparatus.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevation in vertical section showing an embodiment of this invention
  • FIG. 2 is a view in section taken along the line IIII in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a view in section taken along the line III-III in FIG. 1;
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 are fragmentary side elevations in vertical section showing the principal part of another embodiment
  • FIG. 6 is a view in section taken along the line VI-VI in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a fragmentary side elevation in vertical section showing the principal part of still another embodiment.
  • the drawings show a first housing 1 constituting a crushing apparatus and a second housing 2 constituting a centrifugal classifier.
  • the first housing 1 and second housing 2 both cylindrical, have substantially the same diameter and are coaxially arranged adjacent to each other.
  • a rotary shaft 4 Disposed within the first housing 1 in alignment with its axis 3 is a rotary shaft 4 driven by a motor (not shown) and having hammer means 5 fixed thereto.
  • the hammer means 5 comprises a disc 6 keyed to the rotary shaft 4 coaxially therewith and a plurality of crushing blades 7 secured to the periphery of the disc 6 with substantially equal spacing therebetween.
  • the first housing '1- is formed, over its entire inner periphery, with a serrated impact crushing surface 8 which is opposed to the track of revolution of the crushing blades 7.
  • the crushing blades 7 and impact crushing surface 8 combine to crush the material fed to the interior of the first housing 1.
  • a side partition plate 9 disposed between the first housing 1 and the second housing 2 is in the form of a disc and is coaxial with the rotary shaft 4. Between the outer periphery of the partition plate 9 and the inner peripheral surfaces of the first housing 1 and second housing 2, an annular space is formed which serves as first conduit means 10.
  • the side partition plate 9 has circular arc apertures which are arranged circumferentially about the axis 3 and spaced apart from each other. The apertures serve as second conduit means 13.
  • the partition plate 9 is secured to a side wall 12 of the secondhousing 2 by bolts and nuts 11.
  • the second conduit means 13 may be in the form of a continuous annular aperture centered about the axis 3.
  • the inner portion of partition plate 9 is secured to the side walll2 of the second housing 2 by bolts and nuts.
  • partition plate 9 is provided with a chute 15 for feeding material into the first housing 1.
  • the chute I5 commu-. nicates with the first housing 1 through an opening 16 in the side wall 14.
  • the opening 16 is positioned closer to the axis 3 than the first conduit means 10.
  • a plurality of guide vanes 17 for guiding the gas which comes from the first housing 1 into the second housing 2 in the form of a whirling stream are provided in the interior of the second housing 2 at substantially equal spacing along the first conduit means 10 in proximity to its opening.
  • the number thereof is determined so as to allow the gas stream introduced through the first conduit means 10 to enter at a unfiorm angle over the entire circumference.
  • the guide vanes 17 are attached to the side wall 12 of the second housing 2 by pins provided adjacent to the first conduit means 10, each of the vanes 17 being fixed or pivotable as desired about an axis approximately in parallel to the axis 3.
  • the inner surface of side wall 12 of the second housing 2 is in the form of a slanting wall surface 18 which i slants toward the axis 3, and the side wall 12 has an opening coaxial with the axis 3.
  • Discharge means 19 is fixed to the open portion of the side wall 12.
  • the interior space of the second housing 2 is therefore constricted toward the axis 3.
  • the opening of the first conduit means 10 to the second housing 2 is positioned further into the second housing 2 than the opening of the second conduit means 13 to the second housing 2 so as to be disaligned with the latter stepwise in the direction parallel to the axis3.
  • the apparatus of the foregoing construction operates in the following manner.
  • the material fed to the first housing 1 from the chute 15 is first crushed by the impact force of crushing blades 7 of the hammer means 5 and further crushed into smaller pieces by being forced against the impact crushing surface 8.
  • the high-speed rotation of the hammer means 5 produces in the first housing 1 a whirling gas stream, which is guided through the first conduit means 10 into the second housing 2 by the guide vanes 17.
  • the gas introduced into thesecond housing 2 and turning in eddy current then partially flows through the second conduit means 13 into the first housing 1 owing to the pressure gap between the first housing 1 and the second housing 2 which is produced by the rotation of the hammer means 5, whilst the remainder of the gas flows out of the second housing 2 via the discharge means 19.
  • the material crushed in the first housing 1, whether coarse or fine, is discharged from the first housing 1 into the second housing 2 through the first conduit means 10 as carried on the whirling gas stream produced by the rotation of the crushing blades 7.
  • the crushed fragments sent into the second housing 2 are made to circulate about the axis 3 on the gas stream: 1 therein and are classified into coarse fragments and fine fragments by the cooperative action of centrifugal 1 force and the conveying .force of the gas stream acting toward the axis 3.
  • both the fine fragments and the coarse fragments have the tendency of flowing toward the discharge means 19 while being circulated by the gas stream.
  • the centrifugal force acting on the crushed material owing to the circulatory motion is such that the coarser the fragments, the greater the force, whereas the finer the fragments, the smaller the force.
  • the force to convey the fragments toward the discharge means 19 overcomes the centrifugal force, with the result that the fine fragments are let out of the apparatus through the discharge means 19.
  • the conveying force toward the discharge means 19 comes into balance with the centrifugal force, permitting the coarse fragments to continuously circulate in the vicinity of the inlet of the second conduit means 13.
  • the coarse fragments are returned to the interior of the first housing 1 through the second conduit means 13 by being withdrawn owing to the pressure gap between the two housings 1, 2 produced by the rotation of the hammer means 5 within the first housing 1.
  • the construction is such that the openings of the two conduit means 10, 13 to the second housing 2 are disaligned stepwise and the inner surface of the side wall 12 of the second housing 2 is formed into the slanting wall surface 18 as described hereinbefore, the coarse fragments will reach the opening of the second conduit means 13 by the combination of the conveying force of said slanting wall surface 18 acting toward the partition plate 9 and the centrifugal force, without'relying on the inhaling force caused by the pressure gap between the two housings 1, 2, and then return to the interior of the first housing 1 smoothly.
  • the coarse fragments sent from the first conduit means 10 into the second housing 2 get cooled by the whirling gas stream while progressivelyproceeding toward the second conduit means 13 in circulation. This is particularly advantageous when processing a heat-sensitive material.
  • the coarse fragments are then crushed again by the hammer means 5 into smaller fragments, which are sent into the second housing 2 by way of the first conduit means 10. In this way the crushing operation is carried out effectively, permitting fine fragments alone to be drawn out of the discharge means 19.
  • the angle of the guide vanes 17 is variable to adjust the magnitude of speed component for sending the crushed material in the second housing 2 toward the axis 3. This makes it possible to control the particle size of the material to be withdrawn from the discharge means 19.
  • FIG. 4 shows another embodiment in which, as seen in vertical section along a plane passing through the axis 3, the inner surface of outer portion of second conduit means 13 defining the interior space thereof is in the form of a slanting surface 21 which flares toward the first housing 1 with respect to the axis 3.
  • the slanting surface 21 serves to smoothly return the circulating coarse fragments in the second housing 2 to the first housing 1.
  • the slanting surface 21 of the second 6 throughthe second conduit means 13 can be brought to the suitable crushing position more accurately to ensure effective crushing operation.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show another embodiment in which the side partition plate 9 of annular shape is provided with a barrier plate 20 adjacent thereto rotatable in a circumferential direction by a handle 22.
  • the barrier plate 20 changes the size of the opening of the second conduit means 13 and thereby controls the amount of the coarse fragments to be returned from the second housing 2 to the first housing 1.
  • the barrier plate 20 is adjusted to enlarge the opening of the second conduit means 13. This increases the quantity of the fragments sent back into the first housing 1, in which the material is further crushed to smaller sizes and then discharged into the second housing 2.
  • FIG. 7 shows another embodiment which is adapted to control the quantity of the fragmentsto be returned to the first housing 1 as in FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • a barrier plate 20 operable from outside the apparatus by a handle 22 is fixedly provided over the inner peripheral surface of the annular second conduit means 13' and is movable in the direction of axis 3.
  • the interior space of the second conduit means 13 enlarges toward the first housing l.
  • Indicated at 23 is a guide which is secured to the side wall 12 by bolts and nuts or the like.
  • the side partition plate 9 serves dually as one of the side walls of the first housing 1 and that of the second housing 2, it is possible to arrange the two housings 1, 2 at a suitable distance from each other by providing each of the housings with a side wall plate.
  • the single side partition plate 9 serving dually as in said embodiment helps simplify the construction. In addition, other merits as below may be expected.
  • said coarse fragments are exposed to the gas stream within the second housing 2 and are expected to remain cool.
  • a low consumption of the refrigerant for precooling the material is assured, and the addition of a cooling means is not required, which amount to an advantage in respect of economy and equipment.
  • a crushing apparatus having a centrifugal classifier comprising:
  • first conduit means and second conduit means for communicating the first housing and the second housing, the first conduit means being'connected to both the housings at a position proximate to the peripheral walls thereof and having an annular cross section, the second conduit means being connected to both the housings at a position closer to the axis of the housings than the first conduit means,
  • hammer means disposed within the first housing and rotatable about its axis, a chute connected to the first housing at a position closer to the axis than the first conduit means, and
  • the first conduit means permitting a whirling gas stream produced in the first housing by the rotation of the hammer means to flow into the second housing and circulate about its axis therein
  • the second conduit means permitting a portion of the circulating gas to flow into the first housing
  • the discharge means serving to let the remainder of the circulating gas out of the second housing, whereby a material fed to the interior of the first housing is crushed by the hammer means and is then sent by the gas through the first conduit means into the second housing to circulate about its axis therein
  • the circulating material is classified into coarse fragments and fine fragments by the cooperative action of centrifugal force and conveying force of the gas stream, the fine fragments are sent to the discharge means by the gas stream and the coarse fragments are sent through the second conduit means into the first housing by the gas stream.
  • inner surface of an outer portion of the second conduit means is slanted with respect to the axis of the housings to enlarge the interior space of the second conduit means toward the first housing.
  • the inner surface of the outer portion of the second conduit means is slanted with respect to the axis of the housing to enlarge the interior space of the second conduit means toward the first housing.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
US506532A 1973-09-18 1974-09-16 Crushing apparatus having centrifugal classifier Expired - Lifetime US3917175A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP10534073A JPS5333783B2 (th) 1973-09-18 1973-09-18

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US3917175A true US3917175A (en) 1975-11-04

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US506532A Expired - Lifetime US3917175A (en) 1973-09-18 1974-09-16 Crushing apparatus having centrifugal classifier

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US (1) US3917175A (th)
JP (1) JPS5333783B2 (th)
CA (1) CA1038842A (th)
DE (1) DE2444657C2 (th)
FR (1) FR2243735B1 (th)
GB (1) GB1481997A (th)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4479613A (en) * 1980-11-01 1984-10-30 Sardon International Limited Pulverizing machines
US4733826A (en) * 1985-06-05 1988-03-29 Nara Machinery Co., Ltd. Impact crushing machine
US5190227A (en) * 1991-01-18 1993-03-02 Pallmann Maschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co. Kg Beater mill with integrated centrifugal classifier
US5564635A (en) * 1993-09-29 1996-10-15 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Apparatus for dry disintegration of used paper
US6196480B1 (en) 1999-03-22 2001-03-06 Fukuda Metal Foil & Powder Co., Ltd. Ball mill, a method for preparing fine metal powder, and fine metal powder prepared by the method
CN105728147A (zh) * 2016-03-07 2016-07-06 钟文虎 对撞式气流粉碎机构及粉碎机
US20160199843A1 (en) * 2013-08-28 2016-07-14 Mayfair Vermögensverwaltungs Se Apparatus to reduce size of material
CN107362872A (zh) * 2017-08-17 2017-11-21 洛阳宇航重工科技股份有限公司 一种用于自磨机的强制可调排料装置

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3203324C2 (de) * 1982-02-02 1985-07-18 Maschinenfabrik B.Maier GmbH & Co KG, 4800 Bielefeld Schleudermühle
JPS58163748U (ja) * 1982-04-27 1983-10-31 三菱農機株式会社 ミツシヨンケ−スにおける潤滑油供給装置
GB2149688A (en) * 1983-11-18 1985-06-19 Geoffrey Thomas King Hammer mill
JPH0219654Y2 (th) * 1985-12-03 1990-05-30
GB9317849D0 (en) * 1993-08-27 1993-10-13 Bpb Industries Plc Improvements in calcination

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2522027A (en) * 1944-07-11 1950-09-12 Babcock & Wilcox Co Pulverizer arranged for recirculation and classification of material
US2939638A (en) * 1956-10-17 1960-06-07 Strong Scott Mfg Company Pulverizing and classifying apparatus
US3173618A (en) * 1961-06-09 1965-03-16 Merges Herbert Alfred Classifying mill

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2522027A (en) * 1944-07-11 1950-09-12 Babcock & Wilcox Co Pulverizer arranged for recirculation and classification of material
US2939638A (en) * 1956-10-17 1960-06-07 Strong Scott Mfg Company Pulverizing and classifying apparatus
US3173618A (en) * 1961-06-09 1965-03-16 Merges Herbert Alfred Classifying mill

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4479613A (en) * 1980-11-01 1984-10-30 Sardon International Limited Pulverizing machines
US4733826A (en) * 1985-06-05 1988-03-29 Nara Machinery Co., Ltd. Impact crushing machine
US5190227A (en) * 1991-01-18 1993-03-02 Pallmann Maschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co. Kg Beater mill with integrated centrifugal classifier
US5564635A (en) * 1993-09-29 1996-10-15 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Apparatus for dry disintegration of used paper
US6196480B1 (en) 1999-03-22 2001-03-06 Fukuda Metal Foil & Powder Co., Ltd. Ball mill, a method for preparing fine metal powder, and fine metal powder prepared by the method
US20160199843A1 (en) * 2013-08-28 2016-07-14 Mayfair Vermögensverwaltungs Se Apparatus to reduce size of material
US10363562B2 (en) * 2013-08-28 2019-07-30 Mayfair Vermögensverwaltungs Se Apparatus to reduce size of material
CN105728147A (zh) * 2016-03-07 2016-07-06 钟文虎 对撞式气流粉碎机构及粉碎机
CN107362872A (zh) * 2017-08-17 2017-11-21 洛阳宇航重工科技股份有限公司 一种用于自磨机的强制可调排料装置
CN107362872B (zh) * 2017-08-17 2023-10-31 洛阳宇航重工科技股份有限公司 一种用于自磨机的强制可调排料装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2243735A1 (th) 1975-04-11
CA1038842A (en) 1978-09-19
JPS5333783B2 (th) 1978-09-16
FR2243735B1 (th) 1976-10-22
DE2444657A1 (de) 1975-06-19
GB1481997A (en) 1977-08-03
JPS5054957A (th) 1975-05-14
DE2444657C2 (de) 1983-11-17

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