US3908604A - Method of and apparatus for the heating of a heat-transfer medium - Google Patents

Method of and apparatus for the heating of a heat-transfer medium Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3908604A
US3908604A US481478A US48147874A US3908604A US 3908604 A US3908604 A US 3908604A US 481478 A US481478 A US 481478A US 48147874 A US48147874 A US 48147874A US 3908604 A US3908604 A US 3908604A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
combustion
heat exchanger
fuel
heat
burner
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US481478A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Peter Vocklinghaus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MINERALOL und FILTERTECHNIK GM
MINERALOL- und FILTERTECHNIK GmbH
Original Assignee
MINERALOL und FILTERTECHNIK GM
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19732331363 external-priority patent/DE2331363C3/de
Application filed by MINERALOL und FILTERTECHNIK GM filed Critical MINERALOL und FILTERTECHNIK GM
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3908604A publication Critical patent/US3908604A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C99/00—Subject-matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C1/00—Combustion apparatus specially adapted for combustion of two or more kinds of fuel simultaneously or alternately, at least one kind of fuel being either a fluid fuel or a solid fuel suspended in a carrier gas or air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2700/00—Special arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluent fuel
    • F23C2700/04—Combustion apparatus using gaseous fuel

Definitions

  • a liquid medium having a high boiling point serves as a heat-transfer medium or a recirculating centrally heated system having a heat exchanger disposed in a combustion chamber.
  • the medium is recirculated through the heat exchanger.
  • At least one burner is provided for the combustion of a fuel composition producing large quantities of corrosive compounds and the system is operated such that the temperature of the combustion gases and the wall of the heat exchanger in contact therewith is always above the dewpoint of the corrosive components of the combustion gases.
  • the system is operated so that the temperature of the heat-exchange medium is always above 200 C.
  • the present invention relates to a method of and an apparatus for the combustion of fuel compositions containing sulfur and chlorine compounds and giving rise to gaseous components which normally are corrosive to the walls of a heat exchanger and, more particularly, to a system for heating a heat-transfer fluid displaced in a circulating path through a heat exchanger.
  • a heat-transfer fluid e.g. a liquid
  • a heat-transfer fluid e.g. a liquid
  • Such systems may be used for the generation of electric power in which the heat-transfer medium is vaporized or used to heat a vaporizable fluid, in central heating systems for buildings and industrial plants or any place at which remote utilization of the thermal energy carried by the heat-transfer fluid is possible.
  • the heating of such fluids is normally carried out in a boiler or heat exchanger fired by one or more burners using as fuel conventional fuel oil, consumer gas, natural gas or coal.
  • the present invention is based upon my discovery that fuel compositions containing toxic, poisonous and like compounds can be burnt effectively, in spite of the fact that they give rise to corrosive components in the vapor state. and the heat generated by such compositions can be utilized, when the temperature along the surfaces of the heat exchanger traversed by the recirculating heat-transfer medium, and the combustion gases is maintained above the dewpoint ofthe corrosive components in the combustion gases and preferably above 200C.
  • fuel compositions are intended to means compositions containing liquid or gaseous fuels or combinations thereof which have a heat value of at least 4000 kcal/gh and exclusively or partially give rise to liquid or gaseous combustion or decomposition products with a high water content (10 to 50% by weight) and contain chlorine, sulfur and like corrosive agents.
  • the combustion gases are generated by the burning of large quantities of liquid or gaseous fuel compositions producing large quantities of gaseous corrosive compounds, only at a temperature above the dewpoint of the corrosive compounds in the combustion gases.
  • the heat exchange is carried out at a temperature of the heat-transfer medium of at least 200 C.
  • a system for the heating ofa recirculated heattransfer medium comprises a central heating system having a combustion chamber in which at least one burner arrangement opens, and a heat exchanger disposed between the burner and the exhaust gas outlet.
  • means is provided for the selective combustion of liquid or gaseous fuel compositions capable of generating large quantities of gaseous corrosive compounds and for the combustion of conventional or gaseous fuels having minimal corrosive combustion products, the selection or control means responding to a temperature sensor on the heat exchanger surface proximal to the exhaust gas outlet.
  • the switchover means which operates the latter to preferentially burn the fuel with the higher heat value, namely, the normal fuel with low corrosive characteristics, either by metering more of this fuel into the composition or by operating a separate burner for this fuel for a greater duration than the burner operating with the composition rich in corrosive combustion products.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical section through a central heating plant for a recirculating heat-transfer medium
  • FIG. 2 is a section taken along line IIII of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a view of a double-burner arrangement which can be substituted for the burner of FIG. 1.
  • the central heating station comprises a combustion chamber 3 which is defined by a first cylindrical heat exchanger 12a communicating with the inlet 2a and coaxially surrounding a burner 7.
  • the combustion chamber 3 communicates, at its axial end remote from the burner 7, with a flowreversing chamber 4 which lies transversely to the axis of the combustion chamber and communicates with an exhaust-gas outlet chamber 5 opening at 6 into a stack or flue.
  • Chamber 5 is defined by a cylindrical heat exchanger 12b coaxial with heat exchanger 12a and spacedly surrounding same.
  • the flow-direction changing chamber 4 is defined in part by a spiral-tube heat exchanger 12c spaced from the end of heat exchanger 12a. As illustrated, the heat exchangers 12a --12c are connected in series to permit the oil to flow therethrough.
  • the exhaust-gas outlet 6 may be connected with an exhaust-gas cleaning apparatus not shown.
  • the burner arrangement 7 comprises an atomizing burner 8 designed to burn high-water fuel compositions to which conventional fuels may be added.
  • a valve 9 communicates selectively between two supply lines 10 and 11, respectively delivering conventional fuel oil and a waste liquid containing large quantities of water, chlorine and sulfur compounds producing corrosive components upon combustion. Respective pumps and reservoirs for the two liquids may be provided.
  • the valve 9 may also be constituted as a mixing valve, when the heat valve of the fuel falls, thereby indicating a reduction in the combustion gas temperature at contact with the heat exchanger 12 close to the outlet 6, such that as the dewpoint is approached, the temperature sensor 14 provides a signal for the controller 13 which actuates the valve operator 15.
  • the oil serving as the heattransfer medium is recirculated in the cycle 2 through the heat exchanger and may have a temperature below 200 C or, say, room temperature as detected by the sensor 14.
  • the controller 13 actuates the valve operator 15 so that the valve 9 delivers only pure fuel oil to the burner 7, 8, whereby combustion gases of low corrosivity and high temperature are produced.
  • the temperature sensor through controller 15 meters quantities of the high corrosion fuel composition to the burner. Should the temperature detected by sensor 14 drop, the quantity of this high-corrosion fuel composition is reduced or terminated so that the temperature at the surface of the heat exchanger at least at the outlet and the temperature of the combustion gases within the heat exchanger is at all times maintained above 200C and, therefore, above the dewpoint of the corrosive components of the combustion gases.
  • Any solids produced by the combustion process may be collected on the floor of the combustion chamber and removed by conventional scraping or conveying devices.
  • the arrangement shown in FIG. 3 comprises a pair of burners 7a and 7b, the first for the combustion of pure fuel oil and the other for combustion of the fuel composition of high corrosivity which may be operated jointly or independently by the controller 13 to accomplish the same results.
  • a method of centrally heating a heat-transfer fluid comprising the steps of:
  • An apparatus for the heating of a recirculated heat-transfer fluid in a central heating station comprising:
  • At least one heat exchanger traversed by said fluid in said combustion chamber; at least one burner opening into said combustion chamber for generating combustion gases therein passing into contact with said heat exchanger;
  • control means for maintaining the temperature at which said combustion gas contacts said heat exchanger at least in the region of said outlet above the dewpoint of corrosive components of the combustion gas, said control means including means for the selective combustion of a fuel and of a fuel composition producing large quantities of corrosive components upon combustion.
  • control means includes a temperature sensor on said heat exchanger, a controller connected to said temperature sensor, and a switchover device for selecting between combustion of fuel and said fuel composition.
  • said heat exchanger defines a combustion chamber coaxial with said burner. a flow-direction-changing chamber ahead of said burner, and a combustion gas discharge chamber coaxial with said combustion chamber and communicating with said outlet.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
US481478A 1973-06-20 1974-06-20 Method of and apparatus for the heating of a heat-transfer medium Expired - Lifetime US3908604A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19732331363 DE2331363C3 (de) 1973-06-20 Vorrichtung zum Aufheizen eines Wärmeträgerkreislaufes

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3908604A true US3908604A (en) 1975-09-30

Family

ID=5884536

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US481478A Expired - Lifetime US3908604A (en) 1973-06-20 1974-06-20 Method of and apparatus for the heating of a heat-transfer medium

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3908604A (de)
BE (1) BE816593A (de)
FR (1) FR2234522B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1462260A (de)
NL (1) NL159492B (de)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4291649A (en) * 1978-06-14 1981-09-29 Ppt Pyrolyse-Und Prozessanlagentechnik Gmbh & Co. Process and apparatus for ducting flue gas within a boiler
US4994392A (en) * 1987-11-10 1991-02-19 O. Salm & Co. Gmbh Device for heating brewing mash
US5638773A (en) * 1991-09-11 1997-06-17 Mark Iv Transportation Products Corp. Method and apparatus for low NOX combustion of gaseous fuels
US20020005328A1 (en) * 2000-01-28 2002-01-17 Hans Heinle Liquid friction clutch
RU2454612C1 (ru) * 2011-06-17 2012-06-27 Юрий Михайлович Гнедочкин Водогрейный котел
US20130247842A1 (en) * 2008-07-07 2013-09-26 Ronald L. Chandler Oil-Fired Frac Water Heater
US20140144393A1 (en) * 2008-07-07 2014-05-29 Ronald L. Chandler Frac water heating system and method for hydraulically fracturing a well
US10514184B2 (en) * 2016-04-26 2019-12-24 A. O. Smith Corporation Ignition temperature control apparatus of gas water heater

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106642164A (zh) * 2016-12-30 2017-05-10 江苏七天环保科技有限公司 一种废气催化燃烧净化装置

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2621635A (en) * 1949-02-22 1952-12-16 Joosten Jean Steam generator
US2699759A (en) * 1951-11-17 1955-01-18 Riley Stoker Corp Feed water heating
US3675423A (en) * 1970-05-13 1972-07-11 Stein Industrie Method and means cutting out low temperature corrosion by sulphur containing fuel in the terminal parts of a steam generator in the absence of air-heating means
US3677234A (en) * 1970-01-19 1972-07-18 Stone & Webster Eng Corp Heating apparatus and process

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2621635A (en) * 1949-02-22 1952-12-16 Joosten Jean Steam generator
US2699759A (en) * 1951-11-17 1955-01-18 Riley Stoker Corp Feed water heating
US3677234A (en) * 1970-01-19 1972-07-18 Stone & Webster Eng Corp Heating apparatus and process
US3675423A (en) * 1970-05-13 1972-07-11 Stein Industrie Method and means cutting out low temperature corrosion by sulphur containing fuel in the terminal parts of a steam generator in the absence of air-heating means

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4291649A (en) * 1978-06-14 1981-09-29 Ppt Pyrolyse-Und Prozessanlagentechnik Gmbh & Co. Process and apparatus for ducting flue gas within a boiler
US4994392A (en) * 1987-11-10 1991-02-19 O. Salm & Co. Gmbh Device for heating brewing mash
US5043284A (en) * 1987-11-10 1991-08-27 O. Salm & Company Gmbh Method for heating brewing mash
US5638773A (en) * 1991-09-11 1997-06-17 Mark Iv Transportation Products Corp. Method and apparatus for low NOX combustion of gaseous fuels
US20020005328A1 (en) * 2000-01-28 2002-01-17 Hans Heinle Liquid friction clutch
US7318510B2 (en) * 2000-01-28 2008-01-15 Agco Gmbh & Co Liquid friction clutch
US20130247842A1 (en) * 2008-07-07 2013-09-26 Ronald L. Chandler Oil-Fired Frac Water Heater
US20140144393A1 (en) * 2008-07-07 2014-05-29 Ronald L. Chandler Frac water heating system and method for hydraulically fracturing a well
US9062546B2 (en) * 2008-07-07 2015-06-23 Ronald L. Chandler Method for heating treatment fluid using an oil-fired frac water heater
RU2454612C1 (ru) * 2011-06-17 2012-06-27 Юрий Михайлович Гнедочкин Водогрейный котел
US10514184B2 (en) * 2016-04-26 2019-12-24 A. O. Smith Corporation Ignition temperature control apparatus of gas water heater

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL159492B (nl) 1979-02-15
BE816593A (fr) 1974-10-16
NL7408230A (de) 1974-12-24
DE2331363A1 (de) 1975-01-23
DE2331363B2 (de) 1977-05-26
GB1462260A (en) 1977-01-19
FR2234522A1 (de) 1975-01-17
FR2234522B1 (de) 1978-02-17

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4163430A (en) Heat recovery and filter system and process for furnace exhaust gases
US3908604A (en) Method of and apparatus for the heating of a heat-transfer medium
US3604375A (en) Incineration process and unfired afterburner apparatus
KR19990044008A (ko) 증기 발생기
US5503089A (en) Arrangement for hot killing the acids contained in flue gases from waste disposal plants, power plants, and industrial production plants
JP7455781B2 (ja) 発電プラント用のアンモニア供給ユニット、発電プラント用のアンモニア気化処理方法、及び発電プラント
CN1632379A (zh) 处理高浓度有机废液的双温双床气化氧化流化床焚烧炉
CN104214782A (zh) 一种垃圾处理回转窑系统
RU2036376C1 (ru) Система подготовки водоугольного топлива к сжиганию в энергетической котельной установке
JPS5630526A (en) Plant for heat treatment of waste fluid
WO2000062592A2 (en) Method and apparatus improving the efficiency of a steam boiler power generation system
SU926417A1 (ru) Установка дл утилизации тепла уход щих газов топки
US3608527A (en) Hot-water generator
CN2201577Y (zh) 废水浓缩焚烧炉
SU951011A1 (ru) Система подачи топлива в топку
SU1370373A1 (ru) Воздухоподогреватель котла
Stoyanov et al. Raising of fuel utilization efficiency in the contact heat exchange boilers
PL237940B1 (pl) Kocioł centralnego ogrzewania
Alappat et al. Performance prediction of an RCFB incineration system
Peabody et al. Steam-boilers
SU1753189A1 (ru) Установка дл огневого обезвреживани сточной воды
KR200211743Y1 (ko) 콘덴싱가스보일러
SU1262187A2 (ru) Котельна установка
JPH1114029A (ja) 循環流動層燃焼装置及びその運転方法
SU1263967A1 (ru) Способ подогрева мазута