US3900315A - Nickel-chromium-iron alloy - Google Patents

Nickel-chromium-iron alloy Download PDF

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Publication number
US3900315A
US3900315A US443097A US44309774A US3900315A US 3900315 A US3900315 A US 3900315A US 443097 A US443097 A US 443097A US 44309774 A US44309774 A US 44309774A US 3900315 A US3900315 A US 3900315A
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United States
Prior art keywords
content
alloy
alloy according
chromium
nickel
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Expired - Lifetime
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US443097A
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English (en)
Inventor
Udo Walter Vogt
Sven G Waher
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Santrade Ltd
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Sandvik AB
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Assigned to SANTRADE LTD., A CORP. OF SWITZERLAND reassignment SANTRADE LTD., A CORP. OF SWITZERLAND ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: SANDVIK AKTIEBOLAG, A CORP. OF SWEDEN
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT austenitic aluminumalloyed steel uniquely adapted as material for the exhaust cleaning system of a combustion or explosion motor or similar high temperature purpose.
  • the alloy has the following composition expressed in weight percentages:
  • the present invention relates to an austenitic aluminum-alloyed steel, having high contents of chromium and nickel, which is intended essentially to be used as material for exhaust cleaners of combustion or explosion motors.
  • the steel alloy has been developed in consideration of the very special demands which are made upon materials for thermal and catalytic exhaust reactors and similar high temperature purposes.
  • Material properties of great importance in this connection are: high resistance to oxidation, particularly at rapid cyclic temperature variations; high creep strength in order to resist thermal as well as mechanical strain; and good structure stability (low tendency to embrittlement). Besides these, there are manipulative properties including good workability and weldability, which latter are required in order to make possible manufacturing by conventional means.
  • the alloy according to the invention consists essentially of, in by weight, 0.02 0.15 C, 18 24 %Cr 22- 31% Ni, 1.1-2.5 %Al,0.1-0.8 Ti, 0.3 1.2 Si, 0.3 2.0 Mn and the remainder Fe besides normally present impurities.
  • the carbon content should be chosen in regard to two essentially different factors depending upon the operating conditions of the reactor.
  • the C content of the steel should be low and preferably at the most 0.06 wt. in order to avoid precipitation of chromium carbide in the grain boundaries. Such precipitation brings risks of intercrystalline corrosion at shut-off of the reactor.
  • a higher C-content is preferred in regard to creep strength as well as resistance to oxidation.
  • a suitable carbon content has shown to be 0.08 0.13
  • Ti is added for the main purpose of improving the creep strength of the steel and to bind the carbon as for example in welding operations. It has been found that a suitable content of titanium is 0.2 0.6 wt.
  • Ni and Cr nickel contributes essentially to making a stable austenitic structure and thus a good creep strength and toughness, while chromium essentially gives the alloy a high resistance to oxidation.
  • Contents of Ni lower than about 24 weight r. is generally not used because of the risks of formation of embrittling sigma-phase.
  • lt is per se known that an increasing addition of Ni (in contents of about 60 70) has a favorable influence upon the re sistance to oxidation in steel alloys having a high content of Cr (above about "/(J.
  • Ni con tent of the alloy according to the invention is 26 30 wt. 72 in consequence of the above mentioned points.
  • the content of Cr must be well balanced with regard to the fact that an increasing content gives unfavorable sigma-phase formation, which means a lower creep strength and toughness.
  • An optimum chromium content, in view of resistance to oxidation as well as sigma phase formation, has been shown to be at the lowest 19% and preferablly at the most 22% Cr (by weight).
  • the adherence of the oxide can also be improved by additions of Si and as examples may be mentioned older, known steels with nominal compositions of 25 Cr, 20 Ni, 2 Si, remainder Fe respectively 20 Cr, 38 Ni, 2 Si, remainder Fe. Because of their high Si contents (about 2 Si) these kinds of steels have a strong tendency to embrittlement in the precipitation of sigma phase at long time use 10 10 hours) in the temperature interval 600 850 C. It is also known that the last mentioned steel has a lower creep strength compared to that of the corresponding Si-free alloy. Furthermore, it is known that these steels because of their high Si contents are sensitive to hot cracking during welding. 1n the alloy according to the invention the content of Si is caarfully balanced in order to reach an improved adherence of the oxide without causing the mentioned disadvantages as embrittlement, creep strength and so on. A suitable Si content has shown to be 0.5 1.0 wt.
  • the content of manganese should be the normal for this type of alloy. it is usually 0.4 1.0 wt.
  • Particularly characteristic of the alloy according to the invention is the relatively high, and carefully adjusted, addition of Al in combination with a well balanced Ni content.
  • the addition of Al gives a certain inner oxidation which improves the adherence of the oxide to the metal. This favorable effect appears at A1 contents of about 1.5 wt. Higher contents of Al than necessary to reach the above-mentioned favorable effect should be avoided, however, on behalf of the structure stability of an article formed from the steel.
  • the optimum addition of A1 in view of oxidation effects is about 1.2 2.1 (usually 1.5%).
  • Ni-alloy with a nominal composition of 23 Cr, 60 Ni, 1.3 A1.
  • This alloy contained, however, an unnecessarily high content of Ni from a technicabeconomieal point of view. It is known, as has been mentioned earlier, that Ni has a favorable influence upon the resistance to oxidation in Fe-Cr-Ni-alloys, but now it has been found by our tests that the content of Ni in the Al-alloyed Fe-Cr-Ni-steels can be lowered down to 25 without seriously impairlowered ing the alloy's resistance to oxidation.
  • the alloy according to the invention has an essentially improved creep strength compared to that of the corresponding Al-free alloy as well as that of an alloy having too high contents ofAl (3
  • the results further emphasize the importance of a well-balanced and carefully determined content of Al (alloy 3 respectively 4).
  • Such a well defined content has been found to be 1.3 1.7 wt. Al.
  • the alloy according to the invention is uniquely useful as material of construction for exhaust cleaners.
  • the material is usually supplied as strip steel in annealed-pickled, bright annealed, or cold-rolled condition, and in thicknesses between 0.2 4 mm and widths between l-400 mm, but can also be produced as wire or in the form of welded tub-
  • the alloy is essentially intended for use in exhaust cleaning systems such as thermal and/or catalytic reactors, sensors (being details in carburator controlling systems) and appertaining parts.
  • the invention as so applied is illustrated in the single FIGURE of drawing showing a thermal reactor of conventional form.
  • the inner part of the reactor consists of a combustion chamber 1, a burning tube 2 and inlet pipes 3 for the exhaust gas. These parts, and other details exposed to high temperatures, are made of the alloy according to the invention.
  • the FIGURE shows also the insulation 4 of the chamber and its outer case 5.
  • exhaust gas mixed with air is let into the reactor through the inlet pipes 3.
  • the gas is burned in the burning tube 3, which is perforated for supply of further combustion air, coming from an inlet (not shown) and for removal of the burned exhaust gases through an outlet (also not shown).
  • Nickel-ehromium-iron alloy having excellent resistance to oxidation at rapid cyclic temperature variations, high creep strength and good structure stability, said alloy having a composition consisting essentially of in by weight: 0.02 0.l5 Cr; 18 24 Cr; 22 31 %Ni; 1.1 -2.5%Al;0.l 0.8 %Ti',0.3-1.2%Si; 0.3 2.0 Mn, and the remainder Fe besides normally present impurities.
  • An exhaust cleaner of a combustion or explosion motor the parts of which cleaner come into contact with high-temperature gases are formed from a nickelchromium-iron alloy having a composition consisting essentially of, in weight percentages:

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
US443097A 1973-02-20 1974-02-15 Nickel-chromium-iron alloy Expired - Lifetime US3900315A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE7302336A SE369925B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-02-20 1973-02-20

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US3900315A true US3900315A (en) 1975-08-19

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US443097A Expired - Lifetime US3900315A (en) 1973-02-20 1974-02-15 Nickel-chromium-iron alloy

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US (1) US3900315A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5024117A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2407900A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2218393B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1409033A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT1008283B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE369925B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4827178A (en) * 1984-09-21 1989-05-02 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Image display tube
CN114318169A (zh) * 2021-11-16 2022-04-12 上海交通大学 耐超临界水/超临界二氧化碳腐蚀的含铝奥氏体不锈钢

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2424328A1 (fr) * 1978-04-28 1979-11-23 N Proizv Ob Tulatschermet Acier refractaire
FR2727982A1 (fr) * 1994-12-13 1996-06-14 Imphy Sa Acier inoxydable austenitique pour emploi a chaud

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2641540A (en) * 1951-07-19 1953-06-09 Allegheny Ludlum Steel Ferrous base chromium-nickel-titanium alloy
US3300347A (en) * 1964-05-07 1967-01-24 Huck Mfg Co Fastening device and method of making same

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA953947A (en) * 1970-07-14 1974-09-03 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. Ni-cr stainless steels excellent in resistance to stress corrosion cracking

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2641540A (en) * 1951-07-19 1953-06-09 Allegheny Ludlum Steel Ferrous base chromium-nickel-titanium alloy
US3300347A (en) * 1964-05-07 1967-01-24 Huck Mfg Co Fastening device and method of making same

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4827178A (en) * 1984-09-21 1989-05-02 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Image display tube
CN114318169A (zh) * 2021-11-16 2022-04-12 上海交通大学 耐超临界水/超临界二氧化碳腐蚀的含铝奥氏体不锈钢

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2218393B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1977-03-04
GB1409033A (en) 1975-10-08
DE2407900A1 (de) 1974-08-22
JPS5024117A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-03-15
SE369925B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-09-23
FR2218393A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-09-13
IT1008283B (it) 1976-11-10

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AS Assignment

Owner name: SANTRADE LTD., ALPENQUAI 12, CH-6002, LUCERNE, SWI

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:SANDVIK AKTIEBOLAG, A CORP. OF SWEDEN;REEL/FRAME:004085/0132

Effective date: 19820908