Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
  • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
  • D01F8/08—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyacrylonitrile as constituent
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
  • Y10T428/2929—Bicomponent, conjugate, composite or collateral fibers or filaments [i.e., coextruded sheath-core or side-by-side type]
  • Y10T428/2931—Fibers or filaments nonconcentric [e.g., side-by-side or eccentric, etc.]

Definitions

• neutral comonomers those preferably used on account of their dyeing properties are the commercially available acrylic ester and vinyl ester type of compounds.
• the stability under thermal or hydrothermal stress is reduced, especially if higher porportions of comonomer are used in one of the polymers. This reduced stability has the effect, for example, ofimpairing the development of bulk when dyeing the textiles.
• a spontaneously crimping composite fibre comprising at least two different acrylonitrile polymers which have substantially the same acidic group content, produced in a side-by-side arrangement of the two fibre-forming components in proportions, by weight, of from 40:60 to 60:40, one of the fibre-forming components containing up to 6%, by weight, of at least one copolymerised ester while the quantity of said copolymerised ester in the other fibreforming component is from 2 to 6%, by weight, higher, said copolymerised ester being methyl acrylate and/or isobutene diacetate (Z-methylenepropanel ,3- diacetate), under the condition that at least one of the fi'breforming components contains at least 2%, by weight, isobutene diacetate and the total quantity of said copolymerised esters in one fibre-forming component does not exceed 12%, by weight.
• a further object of this invention is a yarn or a textile article when containing such a fibre.
• the second fibre forming component may also be produced from several different polymers provided that the mixture has the total ester content indicated above.
• the nature and quantity of additional copolymerised acidic dye additives in the fibre-forming component is not critical provided it is within the range of from 0.5 to 6%, by weight, and that the equivalent contents are approximately equal.
• composite fibres containing isobutene diacetate as comonomer and having the compositions indicated above are produced by a dry-spinning process in which two streams of fibre-forming polymer solutions in a solvent, such as dimethylformamide, are brought together in spinning dies in such a manner that composite fibres are obtained in a side-by-side arrangement and these spun fibres are then treated by the conventional processes, then three-dimensionally crimped fibres are obtained which may be worked-up into yarns in conventional textile machines.
• yarns are dyed in hanks, for example, they develop excellent bulk and elasticity after drying without any thin patches or colour irregularities in the plied yarns.
• Once the crimp has developed in the fibre it is not diminished by subsequent wet treatments and knitted textiles manufactured from these yarns therefore remain dimensionally stable after washing and retain their gloss which is due to the intensity of crimping.
• a bicomponent fibre is spun from equal parts of copolymers of acrylonitrile with methyl acrylate and-with sodium methallylsulphonate, which copolymers have the same sulphonate content but differ from each in their ester contents which are 5.6% and 9.0%, by weight, respectively, and if yarn produced from such a bicomponent fibre is hank dyed, it is found that distributed over the circumference of the hank there are strands of yarn of unequal or varying thickness and colour which prohibits the use of such yarn for fine quality knitwear. If, on the other hand, a yarn is produced under similarconditions from the following fibre-forming components:
• Composite fibres with equally stable crimp may be obtained from a combination of acrylonitrile polymers which contain from 2 to 6%, by weight, of a vinyl or acrylic ester compound with copolymers which in addition to from 2 to 6%, by weight, of vinyl or acrylic ester compounds contain from 3to 6%, by weight, isobutenediacetate calculated so that the total quantity of ester comonomers in the last mentioned copolymer does not exceed 12%, by weight.
• composite fibres obtained from a combination of acrylonitrile polymers which contain from 2 to 6% by weight, of a vinyl or acrylic ester compound and polymer mixtures which contain a total of from 2 to 6% by weight, of a vinyl or acrylic ester and in addition from 3 to 6% by weight, of isobutene diacetate in this mixture also fulfill the purposes of this invention.
• Copolymers of acrylonitrile with isobutene diacetate and optionally other copolymerisable monomers may be obtained in high yields by the process of redox polymerisation in an aqueous medium at pH values of from 2 to 7 and temperatures of from 0 to C with the aid of peroxy compounds and sulphur compounds in a lower oxidation state preferably using a ratio of activator to catalyst of 5:1.
• suitable copolymerisable compounds include the lower vinyl and acrylic esters, such a vinyl acetate and methyl acrylate, unsaturated sulphonic acids, such as methallylsulphonic acid or its salts, acrylic or vinyl compounds which contain neutral or basic groups, such as acrylamide, allylurethane, N-vinylpyrrolidone, and N,N- drnethylaminoethyl-methacrylate.
• unsaturated sulphonic acids such as methallylsulphonic acid or its salts
• acrylic or vinyl compounds which contain neutral or basic groups such as acrylamide, allylurethane, N-vinylpyrrolidone, and N,N- drnethylaminoethyl-methacrylate.
• acrylic or vinyl compounds which contain neutral or basic groups, such as acrylamide, allylurethane, N-vinylpyrrolidone, and N,N- drnethylaminoethyl-
• the polymers obtained in this way were spun by a dry-spinning process from dimethylformamide solutions of a suitable concentration for spinning. Suitable designed nozzles were used so that the fibre-forming components were united side-by-side shortly before discharge from the die aperture in predetermined proportions which were identical for all fibres and were then coagulated in this permanently united form to produce filament bundles which could be drawn off.
• the selected ratio of fibre-forming components may be from 75:25 to 25:75, the best crimping properties in the finished fibres being obtained in the region of from 60:40 to 40:60 and most preferably about 50:50.
• the fibres are to be torn up as cable yarns in a turbostapler or converting machine, it is advantageous to prepare them in the form of bands which are in a potentially crimpable state because, in this case, the proper crimp is developed only in the end-product by steaming or dyeing.
• the composite fibres according to this invention may, of course, also be spun together with other completely shrunk or still shrinkable natural or synthetic fibres, and the fibrous products obtained by tow processing in suitable machines may also be worked-up in combination with other fibre products in various ways.
• the yarns obtained from processing pure fibres according to this invention are distinguished by their wool-like bulk and hand, clear surface structure, high elasticity and springiness and uniformity of yarn. These qualities are not impaired by wear and repeated washing of textile fabrics produced from these yarns, and the dimensional stability of such products is very satisfactory.
• the fibres according to the invention are therefore also suitable for addition to other natural or synthetic fibres in which by virtue of their own permanent crimp they substantially improve such qualities as the bulk, hand and springiness as well as the pilling properties of the finished articles.
• the criterion adopted for determining the stability of the crimp was in all cases the uniformity of worsted yarn after it has been hank dyed at C and dried at 80C. Fibres which developed their bulk in the composite yarn without significant fluctuations in thickness or elastivity were classed as crimp stable.
• Example lto prepare dimethylformamide solutions at concentrations of 27.5% and 28.3% respectively.
• the solutions were spun to composite fibres with a dumb-bell-shaped cross section and a residual solvent content of 17.3%.
• a stretching ratio of 1:3.6 was employed, fibres with a residual dimethylformamide content of 0.8% and a crimp number (after boiling and drying) of 10.4/cm were obtained.
• the titre was 4.3 dtex, the tensile strength 2.34 g/dtex and the elongation at break 49%.
• a worsted yarn (Nm l6/4) of these fibres had a boiling shrinkage in the raw state of 5.0%, and when hank dyed it developed an excellent bulk with a pearly appearance on the surface of the yarn and uniformity of the individual strands.
• a fibre yarn of a thickness used for hand knitting (Nm 16/4) was hank dyed, and after a yarn shrinkage of 7.4% it had a bulky, pleasantly soft and elastic handle without pressure points or thickenings in the yarn.
• methacroylaminobenzene-benzenedisulphonimide were used as described in Example 1 to prepare 28.1% and 28.7% solutions, respectively. These solutions were spun through a spinning die with 120 apertures to produce composite fibres with a solvent content of 20.0% and a lobed cross-section. The fibres were stretched by 1:37 in water at 98C, dried under tension, sprayed with dressing and shrunk by steaming in the form of a mechanically crimped tow. The residual solvent content at that stage was 0.3% and the crimp number, after boiling and drying, was l5.7/cm, The titre of the individual fibres was 2.9 dtex, the tensile strength 2.35 g/dtex and the elongation on break of 34%.
• a yarn (Nm 16/4) was spun and hank dyed as described above.
• the yarn shrinkage was 10.6%.
• the yarn had high bulk and a springy elasticity and the plied yarn had a uniform thickness.
• the shrunk fibres produced from these fibres by stretching by 1:4.6 still had a residual dimethylformamide content of 0.2%, a titre of 3.1 dtex, a tensile strength of 3.15 g/dtex, an elongation on break of 33% and a crimp number after development of 5.8/cm.
• a worsted yarn (Nm 16/4) of the fibre had a shrinkage of 9.7%.
• the hank dyed sample had a very high bulk, springiness and elongation elasticity and a woolly hand without pressure points or stretching points.
• a fibre yarn (Nm 16/4) was hank dyed and shrunk by 13.1%. A yarn with a full hand and uniform bulk was obtained. A knitted fabric produced from this yarn was distinguished by its exceptional clarity and covering power of the stitches. The character of the fabric was unchanged after machine washing.
• 0.6% sodium methallylsulphonatc were dry-spun through tubular dies with 240 apertures to produce fibres with a residual solvent content of 19.6% and a bean-shaped to trilobular cross-section.
• the spinning bands were stretched by 124.5 in boiling water, washed, brightened, dried with 20% shrinkage, crimped in compression chambers and laid off as tows with a total weight of 27 g/m.
• the solvent content was then 0.7%, the remaining boiling shrinkage 5.4%, the titre 3.4 dtex, the tensile strength 3.0 g/dtex, the elongation on break of 33% and the crimp number after development 4.1/cm.
• This material combined in the form of a band weighing 54 g/m was processed into a spinning band in a Seydel converting machine (type 633) with 30% elongation and a hotplate temperature of 180C. After steaming under pressure, the spinning band was processed into a fine yarn (Nm 30/2). When hank dyed, this yarn again shrunk by 9.6% and had excellent bulk and elongation elasticity and worked-up into a knitted fabric with clear, uniform stitches.
• a spontaneously crimping composite fibre comprising at least two different acrylonitrile polymers which have substantially the same acidic group content, produced in a side-by-side arrangement of the two fibre-forming components in proportions, by weight, of from 40:60 to 60:40, one of the fibre-forming components containing up to 6%, by weight, of at least one copolymerised ester while the quantity of said copoly merised ester in the other fibre-formingcomponent is from 2 to 6%,-by weight, higher, said copolymerised ester being methyl'acrylate and/or isobutene diacetate (-2-methylenepropane-1,3-diacetate), under the condition that at least one of the fibre-forming components contains at least 2%, by weight, isobutene diacetate and the total quantity of said copolymerised esters in one fibre-forming component does not exceed 12%, by weight.
• both fibre-forming components contain isobutene diacetate, one component containing from 2 to 6% by weight, thereof more thanthe other and the total isobutene diacetate content based on the one fibre-forming component, not exceeding 12%, by weight.
• both fibre-forming components contain from 2 to 6% methyl acrylate and one of said fibreforming components in addition contains from 3 to 6%, by weight, isobutene diacetate.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
• Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=5893866

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (14)

Cited By (4)

Families Citing this family (1)

Citations (4)

Family Cites Families (2)

• 1973
  • 1973-09-27 DE DE2348679A patent/DE2348679C3/de not_active Expired
• 1974
  • 1974-09-18 US US507174A patent/US3895165A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1974-09-24 NL NL7412602A patent/NL7412602A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1974-09-24 GB GB4145374A patent/GB1438927A/en not_active Expired
  • 1974-09-25 IT IT27707/74A patent/IT1022313B/it active
  • 1974-09-25 BE BE148889A patent/BE820335A/xx unknown
  • 1974-09-25 DD DD181312A patent/DD115161A5/xx unknown
  • 1974-09-25 LU LU70993A patent/LU70993A1/xx unknown
  • 1974-09-25 CA CA210,032A patent/CA1043522A/en not_active Expired
  • 1974-09-26 ES ES430446A patent/ES430446A1/es not_active Expired
  • 1974-09-26 IE IE2004/74A patent/IE39918B1/xx unknown
  • 1974-09-26 JP JP11008274A patent/JPS5650007B2/ja not_active Expired
  • 1974-09-26 DK DK507474A patent/DK507474A/da unknown
  • 1974-09-27 FR FR7432768A patent/FR2246662B1/fr not_active Expired

Patent Citations (4)

Also Published As

Similar Documents