US3890209A - Abrasion resistant mechanical member with composite nickel-plating layer having meshlike porous portion and a method for manufacture thereof - Google Patents

Abrasion resistant mechanical member with composite nickel-plating layer having meshlike porous portion and a method for manufacture thereof Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3890209A
US3890209A US366019A US36601973A US3890209A US 3890209 A US3890209 A US 3890209A US 366019 A US366019 A US 366019A US 36601973 A US36601973 A US 36601973A US 3890209 A US3890209 A US 3890209A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
accelerating agent
bath
lit
amount
stress accelerating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US366019A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Toshihiko Shigeta
Toshio Yamada
Takao Sasame
Yoshitaka Uebayashi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mazda Motor Corp
Original Assignee
Toyo Kogyo Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toyo Kogyo Co Ltd filed Critical Toyo Kogyo Co Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3890209A publication Critical patent/US3890209A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D15/00—Electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings containing embedded materials, e.g. particles, whiskers, wires
    • C25D15/02—Combined electrolytic and electrophoretic processes with charged materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12479—Porous [e.g., foamed, spongy, cracked, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
    • Y10T428/12625—Free carbon containing component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12944—Ni-base component

Definitions

  • An abrasion resistant mechanical member haivng a composite nickel plating layer on the surface of the member, which is formed by electrolysis by the use of a nickel electroplating bath.
  • the nickel electroplating bath is added with tensile stress accelerating agent and compression stress accelerating agent in addition to ceramic powder.
  • the electrodeposited member is subsequently subjected to reverse electrolysis for forming a porous portion in the composite nickel electroplating layer which exhibits an excellent oil retention together with abrasion resistance.
  • the present invention relates to an abrasionresistant member or article with a nickel plating layer having superior abrasion resistance and lubrication and, more particularly, to an abrasion-resistant member or article I with composite nickel plating layers which contain ceramic powders of metallic carbide, oxide, nitride, etc.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for forming the composite nickel plating layer (i.e., nickel plating layer containing ceramic powders) with the meshlike porous portion.
  • an abrasion-resistant mechanical member with a composite nickel plating layer containing ceramic powder therein and having mesh-like porous portion, wherein preferably numerous grooves of approximately 0.01 to 0.5 mm in width are arranged like meshes at intervals of approximately 0.5 to 9 mm.
  • a method for forming the composite nickel plating layer wherein a tensile stress accelerating agent in an amount of 0.05 to 5.g/lit. and compression stress accelerating agent in an amount of 0.l to 10 g/lit. are added to a nickel plating bath containing 50 to 500 g/lit. of ceramic powders, thereby to perform electroplating, a non-peeling composite nickel plating with cracks caused by tensile stress being formed on the member and, subsequently, reverse electrolysis being performed in a reverse electrolysis bath through stirring operation, numerous grooves of approximately 0.0l to 0.5 mm in width in a meshlike formation at intervals of approximately 0.5 to 9 mm.
  • FIG. 1 is a photomicrograph, times, showing the surface of a composite nickel plating layer with meshlike porous portion of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a photomicrograph, ll5 times, showing a partially enlarged section of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph showing the time required up to seizing, respectively, of the present invention and the conventional one in a seizing test, and
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing abrasion amount, respectively, of the present invention and the conventional one in an abrasion test.
  • any of ordinary watt type bath, chloride bath and sulfamine acid bath may be used as a nickel plating bath.
  • metallic oxide such as aluminum oxide, etc.
  • metallic carbide such as silicon carbide, titanium O carbide, etc.
  • metallic nitride such as boron nitride, ti-
  • tanium nitride, etc., or a mixture thereof may be used.
  • the ceramics of 0.5 to 9 p. in particle size are preferably used.
  • the amount of ceramics to be added is required to be 50 to 500 g/lit. with respect to the nickel plating bath. Namely, the abrasion resistant plating layer cannot be obtained if the amount of ceramic powder added is 50 g/lit. or less, while, if it is 500 g/lit. or more, the abrasion resistance of the plating layer does not improve propositionately, but the plating conditions become worse.
  • the tensile stress accelerating agent and compression stress accel erating agent for the plating layer are added to the plating bath in the range of 0.05 to 5 g/lit, and 0.1 to 10 g./lit., respectively, with respect to the plating bath. Proportions may vary in these ranges in consideration of the amount of ceramic powders and the type of plating bath.
  • tensile pressure is concentrated on the plating layer by electrodepositing by adding a tensile stress accelerating agent in an amount sufficient to overcome the effect of the compression pressure accelerating agent which is added for avoiding peeling of the plating layer, whereby the mesh-like cracks may be formed.
  • the amount of the tensile stress accelerating agent added is 0.05 to 5 g/lit., since the tensile stress becomes smaller for addition of 0.05 g/lit. or less and no cracks are produced on the plating layer, while the internal stress thereof becomes great for addition of 5 g/lit. or more, thus causing the cracks and the peeling of the plating layer simultaneously.
  • the compression stress accelerating agent is required to rigidly electrodeposite the nickel plating layer without the latter peeled off from the member.
  • 0.l to 10 g/lit. is selected as the amount of the compression stress accelerating agent to be added, since, if it is 0.l g/lit.
  • the balancing effect between the compression stress accelerating agent and the tensile stress accelerating agent disappears.
  • the plating layer is influenced by only the tensile stress accelerating agent, and peeling is caused.
  • the addition amount is 10 g/lit. or more, cracking caused by the tensile stress accelerating agent is controlled excessively. Accordingly, a larger amount of tensile stress accelerating agent is required, thus making the plating condition of the nickel plating bath itself worse.
  • the amount of the tensile stress accelerating agent to be added may be comparatively less. Therefore, the amount of the compression stress accelerating agent to be added can also be less. Namely, in using the chloride bath as a nickel plating bath, the amounts of both the tensile stress accelerating agent and the compression stress accelerating agent to be added may be. respcc tively. 0.05 to g/lit. and 0.] to 5 g/lit.
  • butyne-ldioll,4 is best as the tensile stress accelerating agent and sacharin combination is best as the compression stress accelerating agent.
  • electroplating is performed at bath temperature of 40 to 75C.. current density of 2 to 50 A/dm and pH value of 3.5 to 5.3. These conditions are quite the same as for ordinary composite plating. By performing electrodcposition under the above mentioned conditions, a composite nickel plating layer, with mesh-like and fine cracks. including the ceramic powders are produced on the member treated.
  • the composite plating layer wherein numerous grooves of approximately 0.01 to 0.5 mm in width are arranged like meshes at intervals of approximately 0.5 to 9 mm, is obtained.
  • the reverse electrolysis For reverse electrolysis. either inorganic acid bath or organic acid bath may be used.
  • the chromium acid bath has been proved to be optimum although the reason therefor is not unknown.
  • the concentration of the reverse electrolysis bath is the same as that of the reverse electrolysis in ordinary plating, for example, chromium plating. and a range of approximately I to 50% may be applied. Also. the temperature, current density and reverse electrolysis period in the reverse electrolysis bath may be selected properly by the desired width of each groove of the resultant composite nickel plating layer.
  • 0.0] to 0.5 mm is selected for the groove width of each groove of the mesh-like porous portion on the composite nickel plating layer, since, if it is 0.01 mm or less, the lubricating oil retention can not be expected. while. if it is 0.5 mm or more, the porous portion is increased. thus reducing the abrasion resistance of the composite nickel plating layer.
  • 05 to 9 mm is selected for the intervals amoung grooves, since. if it is 0.5 mm or less, the mesh-like porous portion is excessively finely divided, thus reducing the strength of the plating layer itself, while, if it is 9 mm or more. the ratio of the porous portion with respect to the entire plating layer becomes smaller, thus reducing the lubricating oil retention.
  • An internal contact type drum tester is used, which is designed to test the seizing and abrasion conditions of the internal peripheral face of specimens and rotary member by rotating a rotary member of a given shape while pushing it against the internal peripheral face of cylindrically formed specimen.
  • the rotary member employed is made of special cast iron which is 60 mm in length, 8.5 mm in height and 6 mm in width. sliding contact being formed on a curved face of 4 mm in radius.
  • the drum specimen is mm in inner diameter and the inner peripheral face of which is nickel-plated in accordance with the present invention. This drum specimen is dipped in engine oil for a given period of time after having been heated to a given temperature and thereafter the oil attached on the surface thereof is wiped out.
  • the internal contact type drum tester is used.
  • the rotary member and drum specimen employed are the same as employed in the seizing Test.
  • An abrasion-resistant mechanical member which comprises a composite nickel-electroplated layer on the surface of said member, said layer having a meshlike porous portion which contains therein ceramic powder as an abrasion resistant element, said porous portion being composed of grooves of approximately 0.01 to 05 mm in width and present at intervals of approximately ().5 to 9 mm. thereby to provide an oil retention characteristic.
  • said nickel electroplating bath comprises a chloride bath and wherein the amount of said tensile stress accelerating agent is within the range of 0.05 to 2 g/lit, and the amount of said compression stress accelerating agent is within the range of 0.1 to 5 g/lit.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
  • Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
US366019A 1972-06-03 1973-06-01 Abrasion resistant mechanical member with composite nickel-plating layer having meshlike porous portion and a method for manufacture thereof Expired - Lifetime US3890209A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5525772A JPS5315011B2 (de) 1972-06-03 1972-06-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3890209A true US3890209A (en) 1975-06-17

Family

ID=12993529

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US366019A Expired - Lifetime US3890209A (en) 1972-06-03 1973-06-01 Abrasion resistant mechanical member with composite nickel-plating layer having meshlike porous portion and a method for manufacture thereof

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US3890209A (de)
JP (1) JPS5315011B2 (de)
FR (1) FR2187933B1 (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3996114A (en) * 1975-12-17 1976-12-07 John L. Raymond Electroplating method
US4041346A (en) * 1975-10-22 1977-08-09 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Electrochemical generation of field desorption emitters
US4043878A (en) * 1976-06-14 1977-08-23 John L. Raymond Electroplating method
US4977038A (en) * 1989-04-14 1990-12-11 Karl Sieradzki Micro- and nano-porous metallic structures
US5285684A (en) * 1989-07-28 1994-02-15 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Shape detecting roll
WO2013019412A3 (en) * 2011-07-29 2013-03-28 Baker Hughes Incorporated Porous materials, articles including such porous materials, and methods of making such porous materials
CN107815720A (zh) * 2017-09-15 2018-03-20 广东工业大学 一种自支撑还原氧化石墨烯涂层及其制备方法和应用

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3531410A1 (de) * 1985-09-03 1987-03-05 Goetze Ag Galvanische hartchromschicht

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2314604A (en) * 1938-09-03 1943-03-23 Horst Corp Of America V D Method of producing chromium wearing surfaces
US3061525A (en) * 1959-06-22 1962-10-30 Platecraft Of America Inc Method for electroforming and coating
US3438789A (en) * 1964-02-27 1969-04-15 Schmidt Gmbh Karl Lubricant coating for friction surfaces and process for producing same
US3514389A (en) * 1967-09-09 1970-05-26 Nsu Motorenwerke Ag Apparatus for producing a wear-resistant surface on a workpiece
US3582481A (en) * 1966-01-13 1971-06-01 Bunker Ramo Method of application of dry lubricant to surface of an article
US3640799A (en) * 1967-09-09 1972-02-08 Nsu Motorenwerke Ag Process for producing a wear-resistant surface on a workpiece

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2314604A (en) * 1938-09-03 1943-03-23 Horst Corp Of America V D Method of producing chromium wearing surfaces
US2412698A (en) * 1938-09-03 1946-12-17 Horst Corp V D Chromium for wear resistance
US3061525A (en) * 1959-06-22 1962-10-30 Platecraft Of America Inc Method for electroforming and coating
US3438789A (en) * 1964-02-27 1969-04-15 Schmidt Gmbh Karl Lubricant coating for friction surfaces and process for producing same
US3582481A (en) * 1966-01-13 1971-06-01 Bunker Ramo Method of application of dry lubricant to surface of an article
US3514389A (en) * 1967-09-09 1970-05-26 Nsu Motorenwerke Ag Apparatus for producing a wear-resistant surface on a workpiece
US3640799A (en) * 1967-09-09 1972-02-08 Nsu Motorenwerke Ag Process for producing a wear-resistant surface on a workpiece

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4041346A (en) * 1975-10-22 1977-08-09 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Electrochemical generation of field desorption emitters
US3996114A (en) * 1975-12-17 1976-12-07 John L. Raymond Electroplating method
US4043878A (en) * 1976-06-14 1977-08-23 John L. Raymond Electroplating method
US4977038A (en) * 1989-04-14 1990-12-11 Karl Sieradzki Micro- and nano-porous metallic structures
US5285684A (en) * 1989-07-28 1994-02-15 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Shape detecting roll
WO2013019412A3 (en) * 2011-07-29 2013-03-28 Baker Hughes Incorporated Porous materials, articles including such porous materials, and methods of making such porous materials
US8846208B2 (en) 2011-07-29 2014-09-30 Baker Hughes Incorporated Porous materials, articles including such porous materials, and methods of making such porous materials
CN107815720A (zh) * 2017-09-15 2018-03-20 广东工业大学 一种自支撑还原氧化石墨烯涂层及其制备方法和应用

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5315011B2 (de) 1978-05-22
JPS4915633A (de) 1974-02-12
DE2328048B2 (de) 1975-12-11
DE2328048A1 (de) 1973-12-13
FR2187933B1 (de) 1975-11-21
FR2187933A1 (de) 1974-01-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP4353485B2 (ja) 複合クロムめっき皮膜並びにその皮膜を有する摺動部材及びその製造方法
US6503642B1 (en) Hard-chrome plated layer
US3890209A (en) Abrasion resistant mechanical member with composite nickel-plating layer having meshlike porous portion and a method for manufacture thereof
JP2011516726A (ja) 構造化クロム固体粒子層およびその生産方法
US6161837A (en) Piston ring with hybrid face coating
US20170335483A1 (en) Nickel-based electrochemical cell cathode with an alumina-coated co-deposit
EP0668375A1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung galvanischer Dispersionsüberzüge von Hartchrom sowie auf diese Weise hergestellte verschleissfeste Überzüge
US10428437B2 (en) Wear-resistant coating produced by electrodeposition and process therefor
US2999798A (en) Method of producing a wear-resisting surface on a metal element
US3970527A (en) Electroformation of the running track of a rotary internal combustion engine
US4892627A (en) Method of nickel-tungsten-silicon carbide composite plating
JP6417438B2 (ja) 複合クロムめっき皮膜、及び当該皮膜を有するピストンリング
JPH08100273A (ja) クロムめっき製品の製造方法
JP2005240180A (ja) 複合クロムめっき皮膜を有する摺動部材及びその製造方法
Subbotina et al. Structure and properties of microarc oxide coatings on high-temperature aluminum alloy
US3661402A (en) Piston ring
JPH10130891A (ja) 複合Ｃｒめっき皮膜およびこれを有する摺動部材
US20020197504A1 (en) Sliding member
JPH10251870A (ja) クロムめっき製品
EP0972861A2 (de) Laminierte Chrom-Plattierungsschichten mit ausgezeichneter Verschleissbeständigkeit und Dauerfestigkeit
JPH07278845A (ja) クロムめっき製品及びその製造方法
JP2023515201A (ja) 硬質クロム層及び改善された慣らし運転挙動を有するピストンリング
JPS62298648A (ja) 内燃機関用摺動部材
JPS60145247A (ja) 連続鋳造用鋳型とその製造方法
JPH0641789B2 (ja) 摺動部材