Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
  • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
  • A61K36/88—Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
  • A61K36/899—Poaceae or Gramineae (Grass family), e.g. bamboo, corn or sugar cane

Definitions

• Tobacco is the fermented leaves of a plant of the genus Nicotiana, especially N. tabacum.
• tobacco may be consumed by chewing or as snuff, but is more usually smoked.
• tobacco consumption has undesirable long-termeffects.
• Lung cancer in particular, has been shown to be associated in a statistically very significant way with heavy smoking, especially of cigarettes. Other undesirable long-tern effects have been noted.
• Group 1 before (mean 19.5 i 2.0 s.e.) is not statistically separable from-Group 2 before (mean 16.5 i 1.7 s.e.)', 1.33, 0.30 P 0.20.
• Group 2 before is not different from Group 2 after. (mean 16.9 :1.4 s.e.); z 0.180, 0.90 P 0.80.
• the present invention therefore provides a method of reducing dependence on tobacco which comprises administering to a person dependent thereon an extract of part or all of an Avena plant, especially A. saliva, the cultivated oat.
• an Avena plant especially A. saliva, the cultivated oat.
• Other species of Avena e.g. A. fatua, A. steritis, and A. strigosa, can also be used.
• an appropriate solvent e.g. water, ethyl alcohol, acetone, a chlorinated hydrocarbon such as chloroform, diethyl ether, or hexane.
• solvents especially aqueous ethyl alcohol, can also be used.
• the extraction is conveniently carried out at ambient temperature, e.g. l025C., though higher temperatures which do not adversely affect the extract, e.g. up to 50C., can also be used.
• the period of extraction can be from a few hours to several, e.g. 2 to 3 days.
• the plant should be crushed or comminuted before it is mixed with the solvent. From 1 to 10, preferably about 2 to 4, parts by volume of solvent are used per part by weight of the plant. After the extraction, the plant remains may be removed by filtration or other convenient means.
• the extract so produced may be used as it is, or after dilution with the same or another such solvent miscible therewith, e.g. water.
• a physiologically unacceptable solvent when used, it must be removed, e.g. by evaporation at low pressure. The residue of the extract which then remains may be used as such or after Name Aerosil.”
• the material with the extract from the Avena plant absorbed or adsorbed thereon may be formulated into a capsule or tablet by conventional means, using conventional, pharmaceutically acceptable carrier materials.
• EXAMPLE 1 A quantity of healthy, fresh, whole Avena saliva plant, collected just before harvest, is extracted with parts by volume of 90% ethyl alcohol water) to 1.5 parts by weight of crushed plant i.e. 5 litres of 90% ethyl alcohol to 1.5 kg. of plant. The mixture is kept at room temperature for 72 hours with frequent agitation and then filtered to yield a clear, ambercoloured liquid. For administration to cigarette smokers, 1 ml. of the extract is diluted to 5 ml. with water and administered four times a day. Flavouring and preservatives may be added, as desired.
• EXAMPLE 2 The liquid extract obtained by the procedure of Example l is contacted with a quantity of a silica powder of particle size 3 to mp., sold under the Trade Name Aerosil, in the proportion of 1 ml. of extract to l g. of silica, whereby the substance or substances present in the extract and derived from the Avena saliva plant is absorbed by or adsorbed on the silica.
• the solvent is allowed to evaporate to yield a free-flowing powder which is then mixed with the ingredients shown in the following formula:
• silica containing substance(s) extracted from Avena plant 1,000 lactose 300 microcrystalline cellulose 250 magnesium stearate 50 1,600
• This mixture is then compressed to form a tablet suitable for oral administration.
• EXAMPLE 3 A silica powder, containing the substance or substances extracted from the Avena plant, is obtained by the procedure of Example 2 and blended with 10% by weight of lactose, 2% by weight of starch and 1% by weight of magnesium stearate. This mixture is compressed into slugs and the slugs are inserted into hard gelatin capsules of suitable size for oral administration.
• EXAMPLE 4 The liquid extract obtained in Example 1 is used to fill dropper bottles of suitable size, e.g. 100 ml., which are then used to administer a measured dose of 1 ml. of the liquid, delivered by a dropper of 1 ml. capacity.
• the measured dose may be delivered into a glass of water as diluent, or onto a suitable carrier, e.g. a sugar lump.
• EXAMPLE 5 The liquid extract obtained by the procedure of Example l is evaporated in vacuo to yield 2% by weight of a gummy residue, which is triturated with diethyl ether and the latter solvent is removed by vacuum evaporation. The solid residue is then suspended in water together with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (5% by weight, based on the water content) and flavouring, to give an aqueous suspension suitable for oral adminstration.
• the extracts of Avena are normally administered orally in a dosage corresponding to the extract of about 1 to 1.5 grams of the whole green plant per day. This dosage is preferably divided, e.g. into quarters which are separately administered as in the trial described above. Any suitable dosage form, e.g. any one of the compositions described in the Examples above, may be used.
• a method of reducing dependence on tobacco which comprises administering orally to a person dependent thereon a sufficient amount of a tobacco dependence reducing substance extracted from a whole mature green Avena plant selected from the group consisting of Avena sativa, Avena steritis, Avena strigosa and Avena fatua to reduce said dependence, the tobacco dependence reducing substance corresponding to that obtained by solvent extraction of said Avena plant with from about 1 to 10 parts by volume of solvent per part by weight of plant, the extraction being carried out at from ambient temperature to 50C. and said solvent being selected from the group consisting of water, ethyl alcohol, acetone, 21 chlorinated hydrocarbon, diethyl ether, hexane or mixtures thereofv 2.
• the tobacco dependence reducing substance is extracted from the Avena plant with a solvent selected from the group consisting of water, ethyl alcohol or mixtures thereof.
• the tobacco dependence reducing substance is obtained by extracting an Avena sativa plant with about aqueous ethyl alcohol at substantially ambient temperature.
• Avena plant is Avena sativa, the cultivated oat plant.
• a composition for oral administration to reduce dependence on tobacco which comprises a tobacco dependence reducing substance extracted from a whole the group consisting of water, ethyl alcohol, acetone, a chlorinated hydrocarbon, diethyl ether, hexane or mixtures thereof.
• composition according to claim 8 in the form of a capsule or tablet.
• composition according to claim 8 in the form of a syrup or elixir.

Landscapes

• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Microbiology (AREA)
• Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
• Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
• Biotechnology (AREA)
• Botany (AREA)
• Medical Informatics (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Mycology (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Epidemiology (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
• Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
• Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
• Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=9735907

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (9)

Cited By (3)

Citations (2)

• 1971
  • 1971-01-16 GB GB223171A patent/GB1383903A/en not_active Expired
• 1972
  • 1972-01-13 BE BE778010A patent/BE778010A/xx unknown
  • 1972-01-14 DE DE19722201797 patent/DE2201797A1/de active Pending
  • 1972-01-14 AU AU37961/72A patent/AU3796172A/en not_active Expired
  • 1972-01-14 CH CH56572A patent/CH559041A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1972-01-14 US US217960A patent/US3862317A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1972-01-14 ES ES398876A patent/ES398876A1/es not_active Expired
  • 1972-01-17 FR FR7201463A patent/FR2157769B1/fr not_active Expired
  • 1972-01-17 AT AT36172A patent/AT314091B/de not_active IP Right Cessation

Patent Citations (2)

Also Published As

Similar Documents