US3858428A - Rolling of metal - Google Patents

Rolling of metal Download PDF

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Publication number
US3858428A
US3858428A US387530A US38753073A US3858428A US 3858428 A US3858428 A US 3858428A US 387530 A US387530 A US 387530A US 38753073 A US38753073 A US 38753073A US 3858428 A US3858428 A US 3858428A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
blade
plates
blank
rolling
root
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US387530A
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English (en)
Inventor
Raymond Thompson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
OSBORN STEELS Ltd
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OSBORN STEELS Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by OSBORN STEELS Ltd filed Critical OSBORN STEELS Ltd
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Publication of US3858428A publication Critical patent/US3858428A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
    • B21H7/00—Making articles not provided for in the preceding groups, e.g. agricultural tools, dinner forks, knives, spoons
    • B21H7/16—Making articles not provided for in the preceding groups, e.g. agricultural tools, dinner forks, knives, spoons turbine blades; compressor blades; propeller blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J7/00—Hammers; Forging machines with hammers or die jaws acting by impact
    • B21J7/02—Special design or construction
    • B21J7/14—Forging machines working with several hammers
    • B21J7/16—Forging machines working with several hammers in rotary arrangements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49316—Impeller making
    • Y10T29/49336—Blade making
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4981—Utilizing transitory attached element or associated separate material

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A method of rolling metal comprising the placing together of at least two metal plates in overlapping relation so that as they are rolled each plate indents the other and at least one of the plates becomes a rolled product having relatively thin and relatively thick parts spaced in the direction of rolling.
  • the rolled product may form a turbine blade blank with an integral root portion.
  • the invention relates to the rolling of metal and has for its object to provide an improvement therein.
  • the invention relates to a method of rolling metal which is particularly useful in the manufacture of turbine, fan and compressor blades for aircraft engines and propellers and also to steam turbine blades, and possibly also to other bladed articles such as paddles, (hereinafter generally referred to as turbine blades) that is to say to a method of producing such blade blanks.
  • a method of rolling metal including the steps of placing at least two metal plates to gether in overlapping relation so that at least one of said plates extends beyond the other, entering said plates together into the gap between a pair of rolls and performing a rolling operation so that each plate indents the other over the area by which they overlap each other, and subsequently separating s'aid plates from each other.
  • the plates will preferably be temporarily secured together initially by being tack welded together along their edges, and the plates may be placed together so that the plate which extends beyond the other does so by an amount substantially equal to the desired length of the thickest part of the resulting rolled product, in which case there need be little or no reduction in thickness of that part of the plate during the subsequent rolling operation.
  • the plates may be placed together so that the plate which extends beyond the other does so by an amount less than the desired length of the thickest part of the resulting rolled product, in which case the reduction in thickness of that part of the plate during the subsequent rolling operation will be such as to bring about the required elongation.
  • the ends of the metal plates may be straight and extend at right angles to the length of the plates.
  • one end of at least one. of said plates may be contoured so that a line of transition between thinnest and thickest parts of the resulting rolled product formed by the other plate will be similarly contoured.
  • the metal plates which are initially placed together in overlapping relation may be of uniform thickness along their length so that the thinnest part of the resulting rolled product is of uniform thickness along its length.
  • the metal plates which are ini tially placed together in overlapping relation may be oppositely tapered so that the thinnest part of the re sulting rolled product will be tapered accordingly.
  • Each pair of plates may be of equal or substantially equal length so that each one overlaps the other by the same or substantially the same amount and so that there is thus produced two lengths of resulting rolled product having relatively thin parts of equal length and relatively thick parts of equal length, the transition be tween the relatively thin and relatively thick parts of each such length being relatively sudden.
  • a plurality of metal plates may be temporarily secured together successively in overlapping relation to form a ribbon of plate stock before the rolling operation is carried'out.
  • a plurality of metal plates may be secured together in overlapping sandwich fashion before the rolling operation is carried out.
  • a length of rolled product having a relatively thin part and a relatively thicker part, the two parts being spaced apart in the direction in which roll ing has been effected and the transition between the relatively thin and relatively thick parts being relatively sudden, the product having been produced by the method described above.
  • a method of producing a turbine blade including the step of producing an elongate'blade blank element and integral root portion by placing at least two metal plates together in overlapping relation, rolling them as described above, and sub- 7 sequently separating said plates from each other so that at least one of said platesconstitutes an elongate blade blank element, formed by an indented area of the plate, and an integral root portion formed by a part of the plate which extended beyond the other plate during the rolling operation.
  • The-method will include the further steps of shaping the blade blank element to the outline shape required and the forming of the shaped blade blank to the required aerofoil section.
  • the method may also include the bringing together of a pair of shaped blade blanks before or after their forming to the required aerofoil section, and their welding together around their edges to form a blade blank of hollow form.
  • the blade blank thus formed may be finally ground to the exact outline shape and form required.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are diagrammatic views which illustrate steps in carrying out the method of rolling metal the subject of this invention
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating a resulting rolled product
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 are diagrammatic views illustrating initial steps in modifications of the method
  • FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 3 and illustrating a resulting rolled product
  • FIG. 7 is a diagrammatic view which illustrates a further possible modification
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 are perspective diagrammatic views which illustrate the use of the method for making turbine blades.
  • an initial step in carrying out the invention has involved the placing together of two metal plates 10 and 12 in overlapping relation so that each overlaps the other by a distance d;
  • the plates have then been temporarily tack welded together as shown along their side edges and entered together into the gap between a pair of rolls, shown in chain-dotted lines, so that over a distance D, that is to say over an area by which the plates overlap each other, each plate indents the other during a rolling operation or successive rolling operations in the direction in which the plates overlap.
  • the transition between the relatively thin and relatively thick parts is relatively sudden, that is to say far more sudden than could normally be achieved in the direction of rolling.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 there is illustrated the initial step of performing the invention in which a plurality of metal plates have been secured together successively in overlapping relation to form a ribbon of plate stock before a rolling operation is carried out.
  • each rolled product will comprise relatively thin end lengths joined together by a relatively thick intermediate length (and of course each can be cut in half if what is required is a length of rolled plate with a thicker end portion).
  • FIG. 5 there is illustrated the initial step of performing the invention in which five metal plates have been placed together in what can be termed overlapping sandwich fashion before a rolling operation is carried out. As shown in chain-dotted lines in FIG. 5 and in perspective view in FIG.
  • the rolling operation will reduce the thickness of each of the three intermediate plates equally from both sides so that the relatively thicker part of each rolled product will be concentrically arranged about the longitudinal centre line of the thinner part.
  • Each one of the outermost plates will assume the form of the rolled product shown in FIG. 3, but of course it will be understood that the same degree of reduction cannot here be achieved if the metal plates are all initially of the same thickness as shown. However, it will be understood that'the metal plates may initially be of differing thicknesses to enable required rolled products of different thicknesses to be produced. It will also be understood that any number of metal plates may be placed together in the manner described to produce the kind of rolled product made possible by this invention. It is of course not necessary for only the overlapping areas of the plates to be reduced in thickness.
  • the relatively thicker parts could also be reduced in thickness (and in fact it is advantageous that they should be in order that grain flow brought about in the direction of rolling along the relatively thinner parts will be maintained along the relatively thicker parts) but of course whatever the degree of reduction effected, the ratio between the thicker and thinner parts of the resulting rolled product will be maintained.
  • FIG. 7 this diagrammatically illustrates a further modification of the invention in which a pair of oppositely tapered metal plates 14 and 16 have been placed together in overlapping relation prior to a rolling operation being carried out. Consequently, after rolling, the relatively thinner parts of the rolled product will be tapered accordingly, the amount of taper of the rolled product being dependent on the elongation, that is to say on the degree of reduction taking place during the rolling operation. It will be understood that in all these various ways of carrying out the invention a simple kind of rolling mill apparatus with cylindrical rolls can be employed. It will also be understood that there are no limitations imposed on the lengths of the relatively thin and relatively thick parts of the rolled product.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate the use of the method for making turbine blades of hollow form for aircraft engines.
  • FIG. 8 there is illustrated a rolled plate such as illustrated in FIG. 3, that is to say having relatively thin and relatively thick parts spaced in the direction in which rolling has taken place, as indicated by the arrows, and the subsequent operation of shaping the blade blank element B to the outline shape of the finished blade required is shown by the chain.- dotted lines.
  • the method of rolling can be used for the manufacture of turbine blades of solid construction in which case a rolled plate as illustrated in FIG. 3 will be shaped and formed on both sides to the required aerofoil section. It will also be understood that the method may also be useful in the manufacture of other bladed articles, for example steam turbine blades and propellers and paddles of various kinds.
  • the method of rolling may be such that only one of two metal plates which have been initially placed together extends beyond the other. In this case, after a rolling operation has been carried out and the plates separated, it will be found that only one of said plates will have a relatively thin part and a relatively 1.
  • a method of producing a turbine blade and inte gral root portion the step of producing an elongate blade blank element and integral root blank portion by placing two metal plates together in overlapping relation so that at least one of said plates extends beyond the other, entering said plates together into the gap between a pair of rolls and performing a lengthwise rolling operation so that each plate indents the other over the area by which they overlap each other to form in at least one of said plates, a relatively thin elongate blade blank element integral with a relatively thick root blank portion, said blade element and root portion being separated by a sudden transition portion normal to both said blade element and root portion, so that in said one plate continuous grain flow is produced along the indented area which forms the part which constitutes said elongate blade blank element and longitudinally of the part which constitutes said relatively thicker integrally formed root blank portion despite the transition between the blade blank element and the integral root blank portion in the direction in which rolling has been effected being relatively sudden, and sub sequently separating said plates from each other.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
US387530A 1972-08-21 1973-08-10 Rolling of metal Expired - Lifetime US3858428A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB3889872A GB1427155A (en) 1972-08-21 1972-08-21 Production of turbine and compressor blades

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3858428A true US3858428A (en) 1975-01-07

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US387530A Expired - Lifetime US3858428A (en) 1972-08-21 1973-08-10 Rolling of metal

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3858428A (ko)
JP (1) JPS49123958A (ko)
DE (1) DE2342187A1 (ko)
FR (1) FR2196864B1 (ko)
GB (1) GB1427155A (ko)
IT (1) IT992994B (ko)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4319121A (en) * 1979-07-11 1982-03-09 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method of producing clad steel materials
EP1623792A1 (fr) 2004-08-03 2006-02-08 Snecma Procédé de fabrication de pièces constitutives d'une aube creuse par laminage
US20070144229A1 (en) * 2005-12-01 2007-06-28 Sapa Heat Transfer Ab Method for reducing shearing and crop losses at rolling of assembled slabs
US20070215781A1 (en) * 2006-03-17 2007-09-20 Nautilus, Inc. Mechanism and method for adjusting seat height for exercise equipment
US20090078018A1 (en) * 2005-04-25 2009-03-26 Kimihiro Imamura Method for rolling electrode hoop
US20090223269A1 (en) * 2008-03-07 2009-09-10 Metal Industries Research & Development Centre Method and apparatus for continuously manufacturing metal sheets
US20120180630A1 (en) * 2008-12-01 2012-07-19 Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc Laminate armor and related methods
CN103906676A (zh) * 2011-11-22 2014-07-02 福特全球技术公司 用于车辆的一体式板状金属构件
US20150165397A1 (en) * 2012-06-20 2015-06-18 Philadelphia Mixing Solutions, Ltd. High efficiency, non-ragging, formed axial impeller
CN107626868A (zh) * 2017-11-02 2018-01-26 中国科学院金属研究所 沙漏形金属分级构筑成形方法
US20180236750A1 (en) * 2015-03-02 2018-08-23 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Method for producing a composite material, and a provisional composite

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1956818A (en) * 1931-07-31 1934-05-01 Acre Ray Vacuum process of welding
US2471486A (en) * 1943-10-23 1949-05-31 Smith Corp A O Method of constructing propeller foil plates
US2742076A (en) * 1952-01-28 1956-04-17 Douglas Aircraft Co Inc Method of stretching tapered sheets
US2804681A (en) * 1954-03-08 1957-09-03 Smith Corp A O Method of forming curved rack bars
US2851770A (en) * 1955-01-11 1958-09-16 Howard A Fromson Method for the production of metal sheets of complex cross-sectional form
US3119289A (en) * 1960-07-01 1964-01-28 Nat Electric Welding Machines Method for planishing a pair of seam-joined metal sheets
US3561099A (en) * 1968-03-27 1971-02-09 Western Gold & Platinum Co Process of making a composite brazing alloy of titanium, copper and nickel
US3588980A (en) * 1969-07-17 1971-06-29 Gen Electric Method for making a contoured article
US3628226A (en) * 1970-03-16 1971-12-21 Aerojet General Co Method of making hollow compressor blades

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB727985A (en) * 1952-02-28 1955-04-13 Brown Brothers & Co Ltd Method of producing metallic strip in long lengths and the product of said method

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1956818A (en) * 1931-07-31 1934-05-01 Acre Ray Vacuum process of welding
US2471486A (en) * 1943-10-23 1949-05-31 Smith Corp A O Method of constructing propeller foil plates
US2742076A (en) * 1952-01-28 1956-04-17 Douglas Aircraft Co Inc Method of stretching tapered sheets
US2804681A (en) * 1954-03-08 1957-09-03 Smith Corp A O Method of forming curved rack bars
US2851770A (en) * 1955-01-11 1958-09-16 Howard A Fromson Method for the production of metal sheets of complex cross-sectional form
US3119289A (en) * 1960-07-01 1964-01-28 Nat Electric Welding Machines Method for planishing a pair of seam-joined metal sheets
US3561099A (en) * 1968-03-27 1971-02-09 Western Gold & Platinum Co Process of making a composite brazing alloy of titanium, copper and nickel
US3588980A (en) * 1969-07-17 1971-06-29 Gen Electric Method for making a contoured article
US3628226A (en) * 1970-03-16 1971-12-21 Aerojet General Co Method of making hollow compressor blades

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4319121A (en) * 1979-07-11 1982-03-09 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method of producing clad steel materials
EP1623792A1 (fr) 2004-08-03 2006-02-08 Snecma Procédé de fabrication de pièces constitutives d'une aube creuse par laminage
US20060026832A1 (en) * 2004-08-03 2006-02-09 Snecma Method for manufacturing constituents of a hollow blade by rolling
FR2873940A1 (fr) * 2004-08-03 2006-02-10 Snecma Moteurs Sa Procede de fabrication de pieces constitutives d'une aube creuse par laminage
US7578059B2 (en) 2004-08-03 2009-08-25 Snecma Method for manufacturing constituents of a hollow blade by rolling
US20090078018A1 (en) * 2005-04-25 2009-03-26 Kimihiro Imamura Method for rolling electrode hoop
US7886568B2 (en) * 2005-04-25 2011-02-15 Panasonic Corporation Method for rolling electrode hoop
US20070144229A1 (en) * 2005-12-01 2007-06-28 Sapa Heat Transfer Ab Method for reducing shearing and crop losses at rolling of assembled slabs
US8096160B2 (en) * 2005-12-01 2012-01-17 Sapa Heat Transfer Ab Method for reducing shearing and crop losses at rolling of assembled slabs
US20100273612A1 (en) * 2006-03-17 2010-10-28 Nautilus, Inc. Mechanism and method for adjusting seat height for exercise equipment
US7708251B2 (en) * 2006-03-17 2010-05-04 Nautilus, Inc. Mechanism and method for adjusting seat height for exercise equipment
US20070215781A1 (en) * 2006-03-17 2007-09-20 Nautilus, Inc. Mechanism and method for adjusting seat height for exercise equipment
US20090223269A1 (en) * 2008-03-07 2009-09-10 Metal Industries Research & Development Centre Method and apparatus for continuously manufacturing metal sheets
US20120180630A1 (en) * 2008-12-01 2012-07-19 Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc Laminate armor and related methods
US8381631B2 (en) * 2008-12-01 2013-02-26 Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc Laminate armor and related methods
US20140193659A1 (en) * 2011-11-22 2014-07-10 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Method of manufacturing a sturctural ultra-thin sheet metal part with patch welded reinforcements
CN103906676A (zh) * 2011-11-22 2014-07-02 福特全球技术公司 用于车辆的一体式板状金属构件
US20150165397A1 (en) * 2012-06-20 2015-06-18 Philadelphia Mixing Solutions, Ltd. High efficiency, non-ragging, formed axial impeller
US9962665B2 (en) * 2012-06-20 2018-05-08 Philadelphia Mixing Solutions, Ltd. High efficiency, non-ragging, formed axial impeller
US11241663B2 (en) 2012-06-20 2022-02-08 Philadelphia Mixing Solutions, Ltd. High efficiency, non-ragging, formed axial impeller
US20180236750A1 (en) * 2015-03-02 2018-08-23 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Method for producing a composite material, and a provisional composite
US10525669B2 (en) * 2015-03-02 2020-01-07 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Method for producing a composite material, and a provisional composite
CN107626868A (zh) * 2017-11-02 2018-01-26 中国科学院金属研究所 沙漏形金属分级构筑成形方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2196864B1 (ko) 1978-01-27
DE2342187A1 (de) 1974-03-07
FR2196864A1 (ko) 1974-03-22
IT992994B (it) 1975-09-30
JPS49123958A (ko) 1974-11-27
GB1427155A (en) 1976-03-10

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