US3840441A - Pickling of steel plates prior to nickel plating and coating - Google Patents
Pickling of steel plates prior to nickel plating and coating Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3840441A US3840441A US00271898A US27189872A US3840441A US 3840441 A US3840441 A US 3840441A US 00271898 A US00271898 A US 00271898A US 27189872 A US27189872 A US 27189872A US 3840441 A US3840441 A US 3840441A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- pickling
- steel plate
- nickel
- steel
- direct
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 54
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 26
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 title description 25
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 title description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000004534 enameling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 5
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000001055 magnesium Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229940091250 magnesium supplement Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- MHJAJDCZWVHCPF-UHFFFAOYSA-L dimagnesium phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O MHJAJDCZWVHCPF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000395 dimagnesium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 2
- QQFLQYOOQVLGTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O QQFLQYOOQVLGTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019785 monomagnesium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000401 monomagnesium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethenol Chemical group OC=C IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001602742 Gegenes niso Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940105329 carboxymethylcellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005234 chemical deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001868 cobalt Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010960 cold rolled steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100001010 corrosive Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydrogensulfate Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GQZXNSPRSGFJLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyphosphanone Chemical compound OP=O GQZXNSPRSGFJLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- GVALZJMUIHGIMD-UHFFFAOYSA-H magnesium phosphate Chemical class [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GVALZJMUIHGIMD-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 239000004137 magnesium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010994 magnesium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001510 metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005555 metalworking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021110 pickles Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23D—ENAMELLING OF, OR APPLYING A VITREOUS LAYER TO, METALS
- C23D3/00—Chemical treatment of the metal surfaces prior to coating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/34—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
- C25D5/36—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated of iron or steel
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the pickling of steel plates prior to nickel plating and coating.
- a metal protective layer of this kind lies in the complicated aftertreatment which is necessary and which requires the enamelling plant to erect another installation for several stages i.e. degreasing, rinsing, removing the protective layer with corrosives such as acid, e.g. hydrochloric acid, rinsing and neutralization.
- a process for pretreating steel plate (US. Patent Application Serial No. 864,516, filed Oct. 7, 1969) by degreasing, pickling, metallizing, neutralizing and drying, in which the pickling is carried out electrolytically, the plates to be pickled being treated at a current density of from 2 to 20 amperes/dm. for up to about 3 minutes at temperatures of from 40 to C. in an acid sulfatecontaining and/or phosphate-containing solution.
- Another characteristic feature of such baths is the presence of magnesium ions. This process was particularly developed for the direct-on white enamelling of steel plates.
- pickling baths contain, more particularly, from 2 to 25% by weight of S0 ions, calculated in terms of sulfate; from 2 to 20% by weight of POQ- ions, calculated in terms of phosphate; and, preferably, from 1 to 5% by weight of magnesium, calcualted in terms of mag nesium hydrogen phosphate.
- the nickel sulfate-containing baths which have a nickel content of from 6 to 30 g. of nickel per liter of bath liquid are preferably used at pH values of from 3 to 6.
- chlorides are added to the baths in a quantity of from 3 to 20 g. of chlorine per liter of bath liquid, and magnesium ions in a quantity of from about 0.1 to 10 g. of magnesium per liter.
- this coating is carried out either by masking with a water soluble polyphosphate layer or by applying a water-soluble film-forming organic polymer.
- a water soluble polyphosphate layer use is made of watersoluble salts of polyphosphates having the general formula HO[HOPO ],,H, in which n is a larger number of at least 10 and preferably greater than 100.
- polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxy methyl cellulose, hydroxyethylene cellulose and mixtures of these polymers may be used as the film-forming organic polymers.
- the organic polymers may also be combined with; the ployphosphates.
- the present invention relates to an improved process for the pretreatment of steel plates for direct-on white enamelling which reliably provides satisfactory enamel finishes of high bond strength and which is suitable not only for open-coil decarbonized steel, but also for all the usual types of steel used in the enamelling industry.
- the invention relates to a process for the pretreatment of steel plates for direct-on white enamelling in which, after they have been electrolytically degreased and pickled, the plates are nickel-plated by electrodeposition and then provided with a Water-soluble protective layer of a poly phosphate and/or an organic film-forming polymer, in which process the electrolytic pickling is carried out at a current density of from about 20 to 40 amperes/dm. in an acid sulfateand/or phosphate-containing solution for periods of from about 0.2 to 3 minutes at temperatures of about 40 to 80 C.
- Electrolytic pickling is preferably followed by a galvanic nickel-plating operation in which nickel is deposited into the surface to be enamelled in a quantity of from about 0.3 to 0.7 g. of nickel per square meter of steel plate.
- the pickling treatment may be carried out by the dip technique, the plate to be pickled being connected as anode.
- the cathode material is not crucial to the success of the process and any plates of iron or other metallic materials may be used. There is never any need for the plates to be pickled for longer than 3 minutes. Pickling times of from about 0.2 to 3 minutes are adequate, depending upon the quanlity of the steel.
- the pickling time is governed by the current density, the composition of the bath and the temperature of the bath, and can thus be varied within certain limits.
- the bath temperature should be in the range from about 40 to 80 C., preferably from about 60 to 70 C.
- the pickling bath should contain sulfate and/or phosphate ions.
- the SO ion concentration, calculated in terms of sulfate, should be from about 2 to 25% by weight, while the PO ion concentration, calculated in terms of phosphate, should be from about 2 to 20% by weight.
- the sulfate ions can be provided as sulfuric acid, alkali sulfates and/ or alkali hydrogen sulfates. In addition to the alkali metals, preferably sodium and/or potassium, it is also possible to use a magnesium sulfate or magnesiurn hydrogen sulfate.
- the PO ions can be provided in the form of phosphoric acid, alkali phosphates, magnesium phosphates, alkali hydrogen phosphates, alkali dihydrogen phosphates, magnesium hydrogen phosphate and/or magnesium dihydrogen phosphate.
- a bath containing from about 1 to 5% by weight of magnesium dihydrogen phosphate has proved to be particularly suitable.
- Phosphate-containing baths are generally advantageous because they have a favorable effect upon subsequent metallization of the plates to be enamelled, especially nickel-plating.
- Another advantage of phosphate-containing baths is that the iron which enters into solution during pickling is cathodically deposited. In this way, the service life of the baths is considerably lengthened.
- the process according to the invention is suitable for all the usual types of steel used in the enamelling industry. In any event, firmly adhering direct-on enamel finishes are obtained by the pickling treatment according to the invention in combination with other necessary pretreatment stages.
- the prolonged service life of the baths alfords ancobalt ions, the conditions being adjusted so that approximately 0.3 to 0.7 g. of nickel and/or cobalt are deposited per square meter of steel surface.
- the plate to be pretreated is connected as cathode in the known manner, while pure nickel or cobalt alloys thereof are used as anodes.
- the bath is operated at average current densities of from about 0.3 to 0.8. amperes/dm. although, in special cases where particularly quick deposition is required, higher current densities may also be used but in such cases precautions must be taken to ensure that the workpieces do not catch fire. It is best to use either moving electrolytes or moving electrodes.
- the baths are preferably prepared with water-soluble nickel and/or cobalt salts, such as the sulfates and/or chlorides.
- concentration calculated in terms of the metal, should be from about 8 to 30 g./ liter of bath liquid. It is preferable not to add any complex forming reagents to the baths. However, it may be of advantage to add boric acid or another bulfer substance, although such addition should be such that the pH value of the baths does not exceed about 7.
- the baths can be operated at pH values of from about 7 to 1, pH values of from about 3.5 to 6 being preferred. Most of the metals should be present in the form of their sulfates.
- the baths advantageously contain chlorides, from about 3 to 20 g. of Cl/ liter of bath liquid being a preferred chloride content.
- the chloride ions may be introduced in the form of the metal chlorides or in the form of alkali chlorides, including ammonium chloride.
- the presence of magnesium ions in the baths is also recommended to ensure suitable deposition of the nickel and/or cobalt. Extremely small quantitles of from about 0.1 to 10 mg./liter are suificient. Larger quantities are not harmful because the magnesium is not deposited with the nickel and/or cobalt and only indirectly influences the way in which the nickel and/or cobalt is deposited.
- the magnesium is introduced in the form of its Water soluble salts, preferably the sulfate and/ or chloride.
- the metallizing baths remain stable almost indefinitely providing impurities are not entrained in the bath upon the introduction of the workpieces. There is no need for regeneration because the nickel or cobalt concentration is automatically adjusted to the required level because as much nickel dissolves into the bath from the electrodes as is deposited onto the metal surfaces to be treated.
- the pretreatment time is considerably reduced compared with conventional processes. In many cases,
- Electrolytic pickling (40 -a./dm. 70 C.; 77 g.
- H 'PO /1+106 g. H SO 1 Cold rinsing l
- Electrolytic nickel plating (0.6 -a./dm. 20 C.; 80 g. NiSO -7 H O/ 1; 10 g. NH Cl/ 1; 20 g. MgSO -7 H O/ 1; 5 g. H 'BO 1) 1 Cold rinsing 1' Drying.
- the improvement which comprises employing steel having a carbon content of about 0.043% and effecting the electrolytic pickling treatment at 'a current density of about 40 amperes/d-m. in an acid solution containing at least one of sulfate and phosphate ions for about 0.2 to 3 minutes at a temperature of about 40 to C.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2137551A DE2137551A1 (de) | 1971-07-27 | 1971-07-27 | Vorbehandlung von stahlblechen, die im anschluss an eine formgebung mit einer beschichtung versehen werden |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3840441A true US3840441A (en) | 1974-10-08 |
Family
ID=5814969
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00271898A Expired - Lifetime US3840441A (en) | 1971-07-27 | 1972-07-14 | Pickling of steel plates prior to nickel plating and coating |
Country Status (12)
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4121979A (en) * | 1975-08-28 | 1978-10-24 | Oxy Metal Industries Corporation | Metal treatment |
| WO1987000869A1 (en) * | 1985-08-09 | 1987-02-12 | M & T Chemicals Inc. | Process for forming adherent chromium electrodeposits from a high energy efficient bath |
| US4668348A (en) * | 1985-09-26 | 1987-05-26 | M&T Chemicals Inc. | Method for forming adherent, bright, smooth and hard chromium electrodeposits on ferrous metal substrates from high energy efficient chromium baths |
| JPS62502976A (ja) * | 1985-08-09 | 1987-11-26 | エム・アンド・ティ ケミカルズ インコ−ポレ−テッド | 金属基体上に高エネルギ−効率のクロム浴から附着性クロム電気めっきを形成するための活性化方法 |
| US4717456A (en) * | 1986-01-06 | 1988-01-05 | M&T Chemicals | Two-step electrolytic activation process for chromium electrodeposition |
| CN102732936A (zh) * | 2012-06-05 | 2012-10-17 | 沈阳理工大学 | 一种在钢铁件上用电泳沉积法制备氧化硅陶瓷涂层的方法 |
| US11230782B2 (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2022-01-25 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Passivation surface treatment of stainless steel |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5209988A (en) * | 1987-10-19 | 1993-05-11 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Steel plate for the outside of automobile bodies electroplated with a zinc alloy and a manufacturing method therefor |
| JPH01108392A (ja) * | 1987-10-19 | 1989-04-25 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | 車体外装用Ｚｎ系合金電気メッキ鋼板およびその製造方法 |
| DE4329290C2 (de) * | 1993-08-31 | 1998-04-09 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Verfahren zum elektrolytischen Reinigen metallischer Teile und dessen Anwendung |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1019645A (fr) * | 1950-04-06 | 1953-01-23 | Jacquet Hispano Suiza | Perfectionnements apportés aux procédés pour le polisseage et l'ébavurage électrolytiques des aciers et aux électrolytes utilisés à cet effet |
| BE529496A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1953-06-11 | 1954-06-30 | ||
| DE1965586C3 (de) * | 1969-12-30 | 1974-08-29 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Stahlbleche, die im Anschluß an eine Formgebung mit einer Beschichtung, insbesondere einer Emailschicht versehen werden, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und Verwendung der Stahlbleche |
-
0
- BE BE786737D patent/BE786737A/xx unknown
-
1971
- 1971-07-27 DE DE2137551A patent/DE2137551A1/de active Pending
-
1972
- 1972-07-14 US US00271898A patent/US3840441A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1972-07-20 GB GB3402772A patent/GB1396191A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-07-25 LU LU65789D patent/LU65789A1/xx unknown
- 1972-07-25 IT IT51737/72A patent/IT961683B/it active
- 1972-07-25 NL NL7210242A patent/NL7210242A/xx unknown
- 1972-07-25 AT AT639172A patent/AT321059B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1972-07-26 BR BR005015/72A patent/BR7205015D0/pt unknown
- 1972-07-26 SE SE7209782A patent/SE382472B/xx unknown
- 1972-07-27 ES ES405199A patent/ES405199A1/es not_active Expired
- 1972-07-27 FR FR7227149A patent/FR2147274B1/fr not_active Expired
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4121979A (en) * | 1975-08-28 | 1978-10-24 | Oxy Metal Industries Corporation | Metal treatment |
| WO1987000869A1 (en) * | 1985-08-09 | 1987-02-12 | M & T Chemicals Inc. | Process for forming adherent chromium electrodeposits from a high energy efficient bath |
| JPS62502976A (ja) * | 1985-08-09 | 1987-11-26 | エム・アンド・ティ ケミカルズ インコ−ポレ−テッド | 金属基体上に高エネルギ−効率のクロム浴から附着性クロム電気めっきを形成するための活性化方法 |
| US4668348A (en) * | 1985-09-26 | 1987-05-26 | M&T Chemicals Inc. | Method for forming adherent, bright, smooth and hard chromium electrodeposits on ferrous metal substrates from high energy efficient chromium baths |
| US4717456A (en) * | 1986-01-06 | 1988-01-05 | M&T Chemicals | Two-step electrolytic activation process for chromium electrodeposition |
| CN102732936A (zh) * | 2012-06-05 | 2012-10-17 | 沈阳理工大学 | 一种在钢铁件上用电泳沉积法制备氧化硅陶瓷涂层的方法 |
| CN102732936B (zh) * | 2012-06-05 | 2015-04-22 | 沈阳理工大学 | 一种在钢铁件上用电泳沉积法制备氧化硅陶瓷涂层的方法 |
| US11230782B2 (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2022-01-25 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Passivation surface treatment of stainless steel |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES405199A1 (es) | 1975-08-16 |
| BE786737A (fr) | 1973-01-26 |
| BR7205015D0 (pt) | 1973-08-21 |
| NL7210242A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1973-01-30 |
| GB1396191A (en) | 1975-06-04 |
| FR2147274A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1973-03-09 |
| DE2137551A1 (de) | 1973-02-08 |
| IT961683B (it) | 1973-12-10 |
| FR2147274B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1977-01-14 |
| SE382472B (sv) | 1976-02-02 |
| LU65789A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1972-11-28 |
| AT321059B (de) | 1975-03-10 |
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