US3835873A - Method for the production of a mixture with constant component composition made of several starting materials, and a regulating device for carrying out the method - Google Patents

Method for the production of a mixture with constant component composition made of several starting materials, and a regulating device for carrying out the method Download PDF

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Publication number
US3835873A
US3835873A US00306040A US30604072A US3835873A US 3835873 A US3835873 A US 3835873A US 00306040 A US00306040 A US 00306040A US 30604072 A US30604072 A US 30604072A US 3835873 A US3835873 A US 3835873A
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Prior art keywords
component
composition
mixture
logic unit
premixture
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US00306040A
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English (en)
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H Wildpaner
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Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
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Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D11/00—Control of flow ratio
    • G05D11/02—Controlling ratio of two or more flows of fluid or fluent material
    • G05D11/13—Controlling ratio of two or more flows of fluid or fluent material characterised by the use of electric means
    • G05D11/135—Controlling ratio of two or more flows of fluid or fluent material characterised by the use of electric means by sensing at least one property of the mixture
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D11/00—Control of flow ratio
    • G05D11/02—Controlling ratio of two or more flows of fluid or fluent material
    • G05D11/13—Controlling ratio of two or more flows of fluid or fluent material characterised by the use of electric means
    • G05D11/131—Controlling ratio of two or more flows of fluid or fluent material characterised by the use of electric means by measuring the values related to the quantity of the individual components
    • G05D11/133—Controlling ratio of two or more flows of fluid or fluent material characterised by the use of electric means by measuring the values related to the quantity of the individual components with discontinuous action
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/0318—Processes
    • Y10T137/0324—With control of flow by a condition or characteristic of a fluid
    • Y10T137/0329—Mixing of plural fluids of diverse characteristics or conditions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/2496—Self-proportioning or correlating systems
    • Y10T137/2499—Mixture condition maintaining or sensing
    • Y10T137/2509—By optical or chemical property

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method for the production of a mixture having constant composition of components made of several starting materials, which contain in each case at least one part of the components of the required composition, whereby the starting materials are previously mixed dosaged, advantageously analyzed by means of a method of X-ray fluorescence and conveyed to a homogenization device, whereby furthermore, the dosaging of the starting materials in each case takes place within a presumed range of dosage in dependence upon the content of components determined in the analysis of the pre-mixture during maintenance of predetermined component proportions.
  • a known method for the production of a mixture having constant composition out of several starting materials containing different components provided that the component contents of the pre-mixed starting materials were compared with component contents of a required mixture, rigidly prescribed in a precise manner. From the resulting deviations, the dosages of the individual starting materials were in each case determined for the premixture.
  • This method fulfilled the object only to an insufficient extent of producing a mixture of constant composition of components, as upon strong fluctuations in the component contents of the individual starting materials, the corresponding ranges of dosage were partially exceeded or fallen short of.
  • the adaptation to the altered component contents of the starting materials was to be carried out only with difficulty in the known method of mixture.
  • the object of the invention to improve the known method.
  • the problem is solved thereby, that after exceeding or falling short of the prescribed range of dosage of at least one starting material, one at least of the prescribed component proportions is gradually altered for as long until the prescribed range of dosaging is again regulated.
  • the alteration in accordance with the invention of the prescribed component proportions insures that the component contents prescribed for the mixture are altered only by small amounts, whereby the corresponding dosage-determinations of the starting materials may simply be decided anew.
  • the component'fluctuations of the premixed starting materials may be automatically equalized.
  • the component proportions are altered gradually in each case in prescribed ranges by corresponding amounts in sequence, advantageously starting with the component proportion which brings about the least alteration of the composition of the pre-mixture, and that subsequently in similar manner in each case the component proportion is altered with the next greater influence on the composition of the pre-mixture during simultaneous alteration of that component proportion with the less influence, whereby the component proportion with the lower influence in each case is scanned or explored over the entire given range.
  • the advantage consists therein, that through this measure, the characteristics required of a mixture which are given essentially through the component contents may be maintained in a precise manner. Particularly through this sequence, that component ratio with the greatest influence on the mixture in determined ranges is altered after the others have been altered, so that the alterations brought about through a control action cause only slight exceeding or falling-below of the theoretical value.
  • a component-residue content is taken into consideration.
  • the component-residue content is determined from the components ascertained in the analysis, whereby the component contents averaged are summed up and subtracted from the total content and that the residue content determined is equalized preferably through formation of an average or mean value.
  • a further development of the method according to the invention provides that exceeding or falling-short of the prescribed range of at least one starting material, whereby the component ratios in each case have already been altered in their total range, alarm signals are switched on. In this way, in simple manner the production of an incorrectly composed mixture will be prevented and the cause of the incorrect composition of the starting materials determined.
  • the invention relates in addition to a regulating device for the carrying out of the method in accordance with the invention, which has a controlled system, a setting means or theoretical-value-indicator and a governor or controller, whereby the controlled system has in addition to conveyorand premixing-machinery an X-ray-fluorescence-analyzing device, the theoreticalvalue indicator contains a calculating unit for the determination of the component contents from the component-proportions and whereby the governor contains measuringand theoretical-value equalizers and a calculating unit for the determination of the dosages of the starting materials within prescribed ranges of dosage.
  • a (mathematical) logic-unit which is connected on the one side when exceeding or falling short of the prescribed dosage range of at least one starting material occurs with devices which alter the component-ratios Vr.
  • Control units are connected to the setting means.
  • the logic-unit is connected with a control unit for the gradual alteration of the component ratios Vr,r 1" with the lowest influence on the composition of the pre-mixture.
  • the regulating device for carrying out the method contains a setting means 1, a theoretical-valueindicator 6 and a governor or controller 7.
  • the setting means 1 has in addition to conveyorand pre-mixingdevices 1, 1" for the starting materials, an X-rayfluorescence-analyzing device 2, with which the component contents Ki of the pre-mixture are analyzed, determined in a calculating unit 3 and imparted to the governor or controller 7.
  • the theoretical-value-indicator 6 consists of a calculating unit for the determination of the prescribed component contents Ks from the prescribed componentratios Vr.
  • the component contents Ki are fed by unit 2 and averaged in the calculating unit 3 and the component contents Ks prescribed by the theoretical-value-indicator 6 are connected with the governor or controller 7 and compared with one another in a comparator unit 7
  • the deviations in component content t AKi" are connected with a calculating unit 7 for the determination of the deviations in amounts i AGi.
  • the regulated amounts Gi" and the material-deviations i AGi are summed in an integrator 8 to new material quantities Gi i AGi and connected with a logic-unit 9.
  • the logic unit 9 is arranged between the controller 7 and the theoretical value indicator 6, whereby the logic unit 9 is connected on the one side after exceeding or falling short of the quanity range of at least one starting material with devices, which alter the component proportions Vr. These may be control units. Unit 9 is also connected with the setting means. Thus, the logic unit 9 is first connected with a control unit 10 for the gradual alteration of the component proportion Vr, r 1" with the least influence on the composition of the premixture.
  • control unit 10 is connected with a logic unit 1 l, which has an output connected when the material exceeds or falls short of the controlled admissable range of proportion with a control unit 12 for the gradual alteration of the component ratio Vr, r 2 with the next greater influence on the composition of the premixture.
  • Unit 11 is also connected with an integrator 17 with which the prescribed component ratio Vr, r l" with the least influence is connected.
  • a logic unit 13 is connected to the output of control unit 12, to receive an input when the material falls short of the corresponding controlled permissible proportion range.
  • a control unit 14 is connected to unit 13 for the gradual alteration of the component ratio Vr,r 2" with greater influence on the composition of the premixture.
  • Unit 13 is also connected with an integrator 18, with which is connected the prescribed component ratio Vr,r 2 with the next greater influence.
  • control unit 14 be connected with a logic unit 15, when material compositions exceed or fall short of the corresponding controlled permissible ratio range.
  • Unit 15 is connected with an alarm device 16, on the other side is connected with an integrator 19, with which the prescribed component ratio Vr,r 3 with the greatest influence is connected.
  • an integrator 19 There is connected to the integrators 17, 18, 19 a calculating device 5 for the determination of the prescribed component proportions Vr.
  • Device 5 is connected with the X-ray-fluorescence analyzing device 2 and to a measuring device B, not shown in greater detail, for the premixture-charge B.
  • the integrators 17, 18, 19 are connected to the theoretical value indicator 6, which also receives an input from a device 4 for the determination of a component residue content Rg."
  • Device 4 is a calculating device, which is arranged between the theoretical value indicator 6 and a calculating device 3.
  • Calculating device 3 determines the mean value Ki of the component contents Ki of the premixture determined in the analysis.
  • the residue-contentcalculating device 4 includes an integrator 4', which sums up the partial contents Ki of the components, and also includes a differential device 4", which subtracts the summed up partial contents from the total content and further includes an equalization device 4" which averages the residue content R.
  • the component contents of the starting materials are altered in stages.
  • the new component contents Ki of the premixture are determined with the aid of the X-ray-fluorescence analyzing device 2.
  • the component contents Ki" averaged with the aid of the calculating device 3 are furnished to the controller 7 together with component contents Ks prescribed by the theoretical value indicator 6 for the premixture and compared with one another in a comparator unit 7.
  • the deviations of the component contents i AKi are furnished within the governor 7 to a calculating device 7" by unit 7 for the determination of the quanity deviations i AGi for the individual starting materials.
  • the quanity deviations are summed up each according to its indication in the regulated quanities Gi in an integrator 8.
  • the resulting quanities Gi AGi are controlled by the logic unit 9 in each case to their prescribed quanity range. If the prescribed quanity range of at least one starting material is exceeded or falls short then the logic unit 9 a searching-operation is started which alters the prescribed component ratios Vr and those controlled by the theoretical value indicator 6 within predetermined limits until the prescribed quanity range must again be regulated.
  • the prescribed component proportions Vr are determined on their part with the aid of the calculating device 5, whereby the calculating component contents Ki analyzed by the X-ray fluorescence device of the premixture are weighed for the determination of the component ratios of the mixture already present with the premixture charge B in each case and compared with the component ratios Ve regulated for the mixture. The resultant correctional value is summed up for the formation of the prescribed component ratio Vr" to obtain the adjusted component ratio Ve.
  • a control unit alters the component ratio Vr, r l with the least influence on the mixture to a prescribed amount gradually, by the prescribed value of the component ratio until a logic unit 11 decides whether with this search operation the upper and lower limits of the component ratio Vr,r 1 has been attained.
  • the newly determined ratio Vr i AVr,r I assumed to exist is imparted to the theoretical value indicator 6 which determines new component contents Ks to be prescribed which are furnished to the controller 7.
  • a component residue content Rg is taken into con sideration, which is adapted to the premixture in each case.
  • the component contents Ki averaged by the calculating device 3 are summed up in the integrator 4, and subsequently in the differential unit 4", the difference must be calculated for the total content.
  • the resultant amount R is averaged in the equalization device 4" to obtain a component residue content Rg.
  • control device 12 alters in a corresponding manner the component ratio Vr,r 2 having the next higher influence until the logic unit 13 decides that the upper and lower limit of this component ratio likewise has been exceeded.
  • control device 10 scans or searches within the upper and lower limit gradually for the pertaining component ratio Vr, r 1 by the prescribed value.
  • a control device 14 alters in corresponding manner the component ratio Vr, r 3" with the greatest influence on the mixture until logic unit 15 decides that the upper and lower limit of this component ratio likewise has been exceeded.
  • the logic unit 9 determines that the prescribed quantity range of at least one starting material is exceeded or fallen short of, although upon each alteration of the component ratio Vr, r 3" simultaneously the com-
  • the procedure is not limited solely to the described control system with three prescribed component ratios Vr, r 1 3. It may also be used to advantage in a process computer system for measuring different values and giving disturbance-warnings.
  • the process comput'er may with the aid of stored programs take over processing of the component contents Ki delivered by the X-ray-fluorescence analyzing device and their average Ki, the calculation of the component residue content Rg, control the prescribed component ratios Vr, calculate the prescribed component contents fKs and the quantities Gi i AGi and calculate during search operation the component ratios Vr i AVr to be prescribed.
  • the process computer may produce an output report and give disturbance warnings during the production operation.
  • the process computer contains a control program which utilizes at predetermined time intervals the individual programs required for processing.
  • a regulating device for controlling the composition of a mixture of active materials and non-active materials comprising, a mixing machine for mixing said materials, a theoretical value analyzer producing a signal for giving desired material ratios, a control device, said mixing machine includes, in addition to conveyor and pre-mixing devices, an X-ray florescence analyzing device, said theoretical value analyzer contains a calculating unit for the determination of the component contents from the desired component ratios, said control device receiving inputs from said theoretical value analyzer and from said X-ray analyzing device and determining the quantities of the active starting materials within prescribed quantity ranges, a logic unit connected between said mixing machine and said control device and supplying an input to said theoretical value analyzer if at least one starting material has a percentage other than desired, wherein said logic unit is connected to gradually alter the component ratio of a first active material Vr, r l which has the least influence on the composition of the premixture, a second control unit is connected to said logic unit, a second logic unit connected to said second control unit and supplying an output to
  • a regulating device comprising a third logic unit connected to said third control unit, said third logic unit determining when the composition of the second material is too great or small, a fourth control unit for controlling the gradual alteration of the component ratio of the material Vr, r 3 with the greatest influence on the composition of the premixture connected to the output of said third logic unit, a second integrator connected to said third logic unit to control the component ratio Vr, r 2 having the next greater influence.
  • a regulating device wherein said fourth control unit is connected to a fourth logic unit, an alarm device connected to the output of said fourth logic unit, a third integrator connected to the output of said fourth logic device to control the prescribed component ratio Vr, r 3" having the greatest influence.
  • a regulating device including a calculating device for determining the prescribed component ratios Vr connected to said first, second and third integrators and receiving input from said X-ray fluorescence analyzing device and a premixture charge measuring device connected to said calculating device.
  • a regulating device in which said first, second and third integrators are connected to said theoretical value indicator, a residue content device for the determination of a component residue content Rg connected to said theoretical value indicator and a calculating device calculating the mean value Ki of the component contents Ki of the premixture determined in the analysis supplying an input to said residue content device.
  • said residue content calculating device includes a fourth integrator which sums up the partial contents Ki of the components and a differential device which subtracts the summed up partial contents from the total content and further includes an analyzing device which averages the residue contents R.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
  • Accessories For Mixers (AREA)
  • Control Of Non-Electrical Variables (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
US00306040A 1971-11-13 1972-11-13 Method for the production of a mixture with constant component composition made of several starting materials, and a regulating device for carrying out the method Expired - Lifetime US3835873A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2156498A DE2156498C3 (de) 1971-11-13 1971-11-13 Verfahren zur Herstellung einer unveränderten Mischung einzelner Komponenten mit vorbestimmten Mengenanteilen dieser Komponenten aus mehreren Grundstoffen und Regeleinrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens 4

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US (1) US3835873A (US06373033-20020416-M00002.png)
JP (1) JPS5721724B2 (US06373033-20020416-M00002.png)
CH (1) CH560554A5 (US06373033-20020416-M00002.png)
CS (1) CS188153B2 (US06373033-20020416-M00002.png)
DE (1) DE2156498C3 (US06373033-20020416-M00002.png)
ES (1) ES408328A1 (US06373033-20020416-M00002.png)
FR (1) FR2160221A5 (US06373033-20020416-M00002.png)
GB (1) GB1411099A (US06373033-20020416-M00002.png)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4026717A (en) * 1975-09-08 1977-05-31 Texas Industries, Inc. Economical, finely controlled cement production
US4395290A (en) * 1982-01-13 1983-07-26 Gulf & Western Industries, Inc. Method of manufacturing cement raw mix
DE3914663A1 (de) * 1988-05-10 1989-11-23 Vittoria Spa Off Verfahren zur mischkontrolle und zum steuern des roestvorganges von lebensmittelprodukten wie kaffee und anlage zur durchfuehrung dieses verfahrens
US5495875A (en) * 1994-12-01 1996-03-05 Scott Specialty Gases, Inc. System for continuous blending of a liquid into a gas
EP0744682A1 (de) * 1995-05-23 1996-11-27 Krupp Polysius Ag Verfahren und Anlage zur Aufbereitung einer Materialmischung
US20020176927A1 (en) * 2001-03-29 2002-11-28 Kodas Toivo T. Combinatorial synthesis of material systems
WO2007022570A1 (en) * 2005-08-22 2007-03-01 Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation Method of monitoring and controlling of mixing processes
US20100138024A1 (en) * 2006-09-04 2010-06-03 Philippe Bouvier Method for preparing chocolates and/or chocolate-/cocoa-flavored compositions
AU2006284515B2 (en) * 2005-08-22 2011-11-03 Datatrace Dna Pty Limited Method of monitoring and controlling of mixing processes
US20220214207A1 (en) * 2019-09-17 2022-07-07 Hüttlin Gmbh Method for dosing a target component

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS51143583A (en) * 1975-06-06 1976-12-09 Hitachi Ltd Method for regulating gas-phase chemical reaction
US4654802A (en) * 1984-06-07 1987-03-31 Halliburton Company Cement metering system
DE3514958A1 (de) * 1985-04-25 1986-10-30 Otto Tuchenhagen GmbH & Co KG, 2059 Büchen Verfahren zur erzeugung definierter disperser systeme und anordnung zu seiner ausfuehrung
JPH0512422Y2 (US06373033-20020416-M00002.png) * 1985-08-20 1993-03-30
DE3622354A1 (de) * 1986-07-03 1988-01-07 Draegerwerk Ag Vorrichtung zur regelung der dosierung von stroemungsmedien
JPS6391633U (US06373033-20020416-M00002.png) * 1986-12-01 1988-06-14
DE3828325A1 (de) * 1988-08-20 1990-02-22 Miller Johannisberg Druckmasch Verfahren zur messung des alkoholgehaltes der feuchtfluessigkeit fuer alkohol-feuchtwerke von offset-druckmaschinen

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3602488A (en) * 1970-03-11 1971-08-31 California Portland Co Cement raw mix control apparatus and programming

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1302917B (US06373033-20020416-M00002.png) * 1971-08-14 The Bunker Ramo Corp

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3602488A (en) * 1970-03-11 1971-08-31 California Portland Co Cement raw mix control apparatus and programming

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4026717A (en) * 1975-09-08 1977-05-31 Texas Industries, Inc. Economical, finely controlled cement production
US4395290A (en) * 1982-01-13 1983-07-26 Gulf & Western Industries, Inc. Method of manufacturing cement raw mix
DE3914663A1 (de) * 1988-05-10 1989-11-23 Vittoria Spa Off Verfahren zur mischkontrolle und zum steuern des roestvorganges von lebensmittelprodukten wie kaffee und anlage zur durchfuehrung dieses verfahrens
US5495875A (en) * 1994-12-01 1996-03-05 Scott Specialty Gases, Inc. System for continuous blending of a liquid into a gas
EP0744682A1 (de) * 1995-05-23 1996-11-27 Krupp Polysius Ag Verfahren und Anlage zur Aufbereitung einer Materialmischung
US20020176927A1 (en) * 2001-03-29 2002-11-28 Kodas Toivo T. Combinatorial synthesis of material systems
WO2007022570A1 (en) * 2005-08-22 2007-03-01 Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation Method of monitoring and controlling of mixing processes
US20090303473A1 (en) * 2005-08-22 2009-12-10 Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organization Method of monitoring and controlling of mixing processes
AU2006284515B2 (en) * 2005-08-22 2011-11-03 Datatrace Dna Pty Limited Method of monitoring and controlling of mixing processes
US8305573B2 (en) 2005-08-22 2012-11-06 Datatrace Dna Pty Ltd Method of monitoring and controlling of mixing processes
US20100138024A1 (en) * 2006-09-04 2010-06-03 Philippe Bouvier Method for preparing chocolates and/or chocolate-/cocoa-flavored compositions
US8357418B2 (en) 2006-09-04 2013-01-22 Barry Callebaut Ag Method for preparing chocolates and/or chocolate-/cocoa-flavored compositions
US20220214207A1 (en) * 2019-09-17 2022-07-07 Hüttlin Gmbh Method for dosing a target component

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES408328A1 (es) 1976-03-01
GB1411099A (en) 1975-10-22
DE2156498C3 (de) 1982-07-22
JPS5721724B2 (US06373033-20020416-M00002.png) 1982-05-10
CS188153B2 (en) 1979-02-28
JPS4859452A (US06373033-20020416-M00002.png) 1973-08-21
FR2160221A5 (US06373033-20020416-M00002.png) 1973-06-22
DE2156498A1 (de) 1973-05-17
CH560554A5 (US06373033-20020416-M00002.png) 1975-04-15
DE2156498B2 (de) 1976-09-23

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