US3831612A - Apparatus for treating a material - Google Patents

Apparatus for treating a material Download PDF

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Publication number
US3831612A
US3831612A US00289527A US28952772A US3831612A US 3831612 A US3831612 A US 3831612A US 00289527 A US00289527 A US 00289527A US 28952772 A US28952772 A US 28952772A US 3831612 A US3831612 A US 3831612A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
liquid
chamber
plenum means
accordance
plenum
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00289527A
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English (en)
Inventor
R Limoges
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eastman Kodak Co
Original Assignee
Eastman Kodak Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eastman Kodak Co filed Critical Eastman Kodak Co
Priority to US00289527A priority Critical patent/US3831612A/en
Priority to FR7332106A priority patent/FR2200547B1/fr
Priority to JP48101742A priority patent/JPS4966345A/ja
Priority to DE19732346381 priority patent/DE2346381A1/de
Priority to US00451789A priority patent/US3851902A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3831612A publication Critical patent/US3831612A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03D—APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING EXPOSED PHOTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03D5/00—Liquid processing apparatus in which no immersion is effected; Washing apparatus in which no immersion is effected
    • G03D5/04—Liquid processing apparatus in which no immersion is effected; Washing apparatus in which no immersion is effected using liquid sprays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03D—APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING EXPOSED PHOTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03D3/00—Liquid processing apparatus involving immersion; Washing apparatus involving immersion
    • G03D3/08—Liquid processing apparatus involving immersion; Washing apparatus involving immersion having progressive mechanical movement of exposed material
    • G03D3/13—Liquid processing apparatus involving immersion; Washing apparatus involving immersion having progressive mechanical movement of exposed material for long films or prints in the shape of strips, e.g. fed by roller assembly
    • G03D3/132—Liquid processing apparatus involving immersion; Washing apparatus involving immersion having progressive mechanical movement of exposed material for long films or prints in the shape of strips, e.g. fed by roller assembly fed by roller assembly

Definitions

  • a common method of treating or processing a sheet or strip of material is to move the sheet or strip through a tank of treating or processing liquid by means of a series of rollers or to move the sheet relative to a plurality of nozzles, which apply the treating or processing liquid to at least one surface of the sheet.
  • rollers In the case where rollers are used to transport a photographic film through a processing station, the rollers actually perform two functions; namely, to transport the film and to provide agitation of the processing liquid at the film surface to enhance the processing or development.
  • a device that can be mounted within an enclosure relative to one or more surfaces of a material to be treated and to the prescribed path through which the material is to be moved.
  • the material is of strip form that is continuous and is moved in a path in which the material forms a single loop.
  • a plenum member is arranged within the enclosure and with respect to one side or surface of the material, between the facing surfaces of the material forming the loop, or with respect to each side of one segment of the loop.
  • the plenum member comprises a hollow, central portion that is covered with a plate on one or both sides depending on the relative position the plenum member is to assume relative to the material.
  • At least one of the plates is provided with a plurality of linearly spaced, blind holes. These holes are interconnected to a chamber formed in the plenum member by the plates.
  • the liquid with which the material is to be treated is pumped under pressure into the chamber.
  • a small hole is arranged so as to intersect the blind hole in a tangential manner and connects the blind hole to the chamber.
  • the introduction of the liquid into the blind hole causes the liquid to rotate rapidly and form a vortex. This vortex action forms a low pressure area in the center of the hole at the surface of the plate which holds the material in contact with the liquid layer on the facing surface of the plate or plenum member.
  • the material is maintained at a fixed distance relative to the surface of the plenum member and a maximum agitation of the liquid is obtained due to the vortex action. While the embodiments of the invention described hereinafter relate the plenum member to the vertical position, it can be used horizontally as well to handle either a continuous strip or sheet of material.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view showing one embodiment of the invention in which a plenum member is arranged between the segments of a loop path formed by the material and relative to the surface of the material that is to be treated;
  • FIG. 2 is a detail sectional view showing the relationship of the holes and orifices in the plenum member for generating a vortex. action
  • FIG. 3 is a detail sectional view taken substantially along the line 33 in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional and perspective view taken through the plenum member and showing the manner in which the chamber is formed and the manner in which the orifices are interconnected to the chamber;
  • FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view similar to FIG. 1 and showing another arrangement in which a plenum member is arranged with respect to each segment of the loop'path;
  • FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional view similar to FIG. 1 and showing another arrangement in which plenum members are arranged with respect to each segment of the'loop path for treating both surfaces of the material.
  • an open-end enclosure or tank 10 has arranged therein an upper set of rollers 11, I2 and 13, the roll 12 being driven by a suitable external source, not shown.
  • a lower set of rollers 14, 15 and 16 are rotatably mounted, the roller 15 being driven by a suitable source not shown or interconnected to the means for driving roller 12.
  • a guide member 17 is mounted on the bottom of enclosure 10 and has a scalloped surface 18 corresponding generally to the peripheral surface of rollers 14, and 16, as viewed in FIG. 1.
  • the surface 18 serves to guide the leading edge of a strip or sheet of material 19 around roller 15.
  • the bottom of enclosure 10 is also provided with a drain outlet 20 for a purpose to be described hereinafter.
  • the material 19 that is to have at least one surface thereof treated with a liquid can be a sheet, a strip or a continuous length of material that is moved in one direction by rollers 11 and 12, formed into a loop by rollers l4 and 15 then driven by rollers 15 and 16 in the opposite direction for discharge from the enclosure 10 by rollers 12 and 13.
  • the distance between the upper and lower sets of rollers will be dependent on the length of the sheet or strip to be processed. ln the case of a continuous strip, there is no fixed distance that must separate two sets of rollers. Accordingly, the use of the term sheet as applied and used in conjunction with material is meant to include a sheet, a strip and a continuous length of material.
  • Plenum means 22 is arranged between the segments 23 and 24 which form the loop of material 19 around roller 15.
  • Plenum means 22 comprises a hollow, rectangular member 25 having open sides 26 and 27. Each open side is covered with aplate 28 that comprises a flange portion 29 by which the plate is securedto member 25 with suitable fastening means, such as screws 30.
  • the plate 28 is provided with a portion 31 that extends into member 25 and is dimensionally smaller than the open sides 26, 27.
  • a liquid that is introduced under pressure into a chamber 33 that is formed by the member 25 and plates 28 can flow from the chamber into each of the orifices to its respective blind orifice or hole 41, whereby the liquid is discharged against the facing surface of the material 19 and flows as a layer along the surface of plate 28 to the drain outlet 20.
  • the small orifice 40 permits the liquid to be introduced into the blind hole 41 in a tangential direction in order to create avortex action in the hole 41.
  • Each of plates 28 is provided with a plurality of such orifices and holes. The number of holes 41 will bedetermined in accordance with the lengthof each respective segment 23 and 24. ln order to insure a sealed condition between member 25 and plate 28, a gasket 43 can be arranged between each of the plates and the member.
  • the liquid is introduced into chamber 33 by a suitable connection at 45.
  • This connection or inlet is connected to a pump 46 via line 47.
  • the pump in turn, is connected to a liquid reservoir 48 via line 49.
  • the reservoir 48 is arranged below the enclosure 10, the liquid being recirculated through the system by pump 46.-The reservoir 48 can also be made a part of enclosure 10.
  • the material can be any one of many which requires having one or both surfaces thereof treated; or in the case of the present disclosure, the material can be a photosensitive material that has been exposed and is processed or developed by the liquid directed thereagainst. It has been found that with photographic film up to 35mm in width, a plate having four holes approximately 7/32-inch diameter and /2-inch deep and counter sunk to Vvineh diameter with an entry hole of 0.056-inch diameter tangential thereto provided satisfactory sensitometric results with commercially, high contrast developers. The actual size of the plate per se was approximately 6 inches long by 2 inches wide and about 1 inch thick.
  • a backup plate 60 insured proper direction and movement of a sheet or short strip of material relative to the surface of the second vortex plate.
  • the plate 60 is arranged in such spaced relation to the surface of the facing plate 28 that the material does not contact such surface during movement thereover.
  • a single plenum means can be arranged with respect to each of the outer surfaces of the material 19, the backup plate 60 being arranged relative to the inside surface of the segment 24.
  • the guide member 17 is replaced with a flexible belt 61 that directs the material 19 from segment 23 around roller 15 and into segment 24.
  • a single plate 28 is used, the other side of member 25 being fully enclosure by a bottom 62.
  • a plenum means 22, as shown in FIG. 1 can be arranged between the segments 23 and 24 and the plenum means 70 can be arranged with respect to each of the other surfaces of segments 23 and 24, as shown in FIG. 6. In this latter case, backup plate 60 is not needed.
  • vortex plate principle provides excellent results for the processing of 35mm films
  • the structure can be modified to accommodate it to wider films. This would necessitate slightly different vortex hole parameters as well as different liquid flow rates.
  • vortex hole pattern and spacing would also vary.
  • the invention has been disclosed and described with respect to a material that is moved in a vertical direction, it can also be used for materials that are moved in a horizontal direction. It would also be feasible to utilize several such plenum assemblies in a gang or stacked relation, i.e., in either a vertical or horizontal direction, to increase the output rate. When so arranged in a horizontal direction, the material can then be treated with more than one liquid. ln the latter case, a system for processing photographic film could include additional stations in which the film would be fixed and washed.
  • Apparatus for treating at least one surface of a material with a liquid comprising:
  • plenum means having a central chamber and arranged in said enclosure relative to at least one of said path segments with at least one surface of said plenum means generally parallel to and spaced from at least said one surface of said material when the latter is moved through said path;
  • said plenum means being provided with a plurality of sets of orifices spaced in the direction of movement of the material and interconnecting said chamber with the one surface of said plenum means, each set of orifices comprising a first and blind orifice opening into the one surface of said plenum means and a second orifice connecting the first orifice to the chamber, the second orifice tangentially intersecting said first orifice near the bottom thereof whereby a vortex action is imparted to the flow of said liquid for holding said one surface of said material in contact with the layer of liquid on the one surface of said plenum means as said material is moved thereover.
  • said plenum means comprises a hollow member having at least one open side and a plate enclosing said open side to form said chamber and having a'surface facing the one surface of said material.
  • said plenum means comprises a hollow, central member having a pair of opposed, open sides and a plate for enclosing each open side to form said central chamber, the surface of one of said plates facing the one surface of said material.
  • each of said plates comprises a flange for overlying said open sides and a portion extending into said member that is dimensionally smaller than said chamber.
  • plenum means is arranged relative to each segment for treating the one surface .of said material.
  • plenum means is arranged relative to each segment for treating both surfaces of said material.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Photographic Developing Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Wet Developing In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Photographic Processing Devices Using Wet Methods (AREA)
  • Advancing Webs (AREA)
US00289527A 1970-05-13 1972-09-15 Apparatus for treating a material Expired - Lifetime US3831612A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00289527A US3831612A (en) 1972-09-15 1972-09-15 Apparatus for treating a material
FR7332106A FR2200547B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-09-15 1973-09-06
JP48101742A JPS4966345A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-09-15 1973-09-11
DE19732346381 DE2346381A1 (de) 1972-09-15 1973-09-14 Vorrichtung zum behandeln eines blattoder streifenfoermigen materials mit einer fluessigkeit, insbesondere zum behandeln von photographischem material mit einer behandlungsfluessigkeit
US00451789A US3851902A (en) 1970-05-13 1974-03-18 Disconnectible pipe union

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00289527A US3831612A (en) 1972-09-15 1972-09-15 Apparatus for treating a material

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3831612A true US3831612A (en) 1974-08-27

Family

ID=23111923

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00289527A Expired - Lifetime US3831612A (en) 1970-05-13 1972-09-15 Apparatus for treating a material

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3831612A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS4966345A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2346381A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2200547B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4512645A (en) * 1984-03-22 1985-04-23 Jamieson Film Company Film processor tank with tank divider
US4736222A (en) * 1987-06-22 1988-04-05 Eastman Kodak Company Liquid distribution box
US4758858A (en) * 1987-06-22 1988-07-19 Eastman Kodak Company Apparatus for photographic film processing cross-reference to a related applicaton
US4775873A (en) * 1988-02-05 1988-10-04 Eastman Kodak Company Photographic film processor rack and tank assembly
US4832065A (en) * 1987-05-01 1989-05-23 Yoshida Kogyo K. K. Method and apparatus for washing elongated tape with hot water
US4965618A (en) * 1989-08-02 1990-10-23 Eastman Kodak Company Method and apparatus for transporting and liquid treating indeterminate lengths of web material
US5239327A (en) * 1990-12-28 1993-08-24 Eastman Kodak Company Processor for light sensitive material
US5309191A (en) * 1992-03-02 1994-05-03 Eastman Kodak Company Recirculation, replenishment, refresh, recharge and backflush for a photographic processing apparatus
US5313243A (en) * 1993-05-03 1994-05-17 Eastman Kodak Company Counter cross flow for an automatic tray processor
US5323202A (en) * 1990-11-24 1994-06-21 Eastman Kodak Company Photographic processing apparatus

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2641026A1 (de) * 1976-09-11 1978-03-23 Philips Patentverwaltung Verfahren und anordnung zur elektrostatischen fluessigentwicklung eines glatten, bandfoermigen aufzeichnungstraegers
PL235904A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1981-04-10 1982-10-25 Gd Spa
US5270762A (en) * 1992-03-02 1993-12-14 Eastman Kodak Company Slot impingement for a photographic processing apparatus
EP1183772B1 (de) 1999-05-29 2006-10-25 ebm-papst St. Georgen GmbH & Co. KG Verfahren zur konfiguration der alarmvorrichtung eines elektromotors, und motor zur durchführung eines solchen verfahrens

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2469825A (en) * 1945-12-26 1949-05-10 Hornstein Samuel Automatic print washer
US3060829A (en) * 1958-06-18 1962-10-30 Hycon Mfg Company Rapid film processor
US3097584A (en) * 1960-05-04 1963-07-16 Photomechanisms Inc Rapid processing apparatus
US3140647A (en) * 1961-07-03 1964-07-14 Roy L Miller Film washer
US3149550A (en) * 1960-10-13 1964-09-22 Ford Motor Co Apparatus and technique for film developing
US3310062A (en) * 1965-05-27 1967-03-21 Ibm Web tensioning device
US3601029A (en) * 1969-05-21 1971-08-24 Samuel Needleman Photographic film and paper processing apparatus

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2469825A (en) * 1945-12-26 1949-05-10 Hornstein Samuel Automatic print washer
US3060829A (en) * 1958-06-18 1962-10-30 Hycon Mfg Company Rapid film processor
US3097584A (en) * 1960-05-04 1963-07-16 Photomechanisms Inc Rapid processing apparatus
US3149550A (en) * 1960-10-13 1964-09-22 Ford Motor Co Apparatus and technique for film developing
US3140647A (en) * 1961-07-03 1964-07-14 Roy L Miller Film washer
US3310062A (en) * 1965-05-27 1967-03-21 Ibm Web tensioning device
US3601029A (en) * 1969-05-21 1971-08-24 Samuel Needleman Photographic film and paper processing apparatus

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4512645A (en) * 1984-03-22 1985-04-23 Jamieson Film Company Film processor tank with tank divider
US4832065A (en) * 1987-05-01 1989-05-23 Yoshida Kogyo K. K. Method and apparatus for washing elongated tape with hot water
US4736222A (en) * 1987-06-22 1988-04-05 Eastman Kodak Company Liquid distribution box
US4758858A (en) * 1987-06-22 1988-07-19 Eastman Kodak Company Apparatus for photographic film processing cross-reference to a related applicaton
US4775873A (en) * 1988-02-05 1988-10-04 Eastman Kodak Company Photographic film processor rack and tank assembly
US4965618A (en) * 1989-08-02 1990-10-23 Eastman Kodak Company Method and apparatus for transporting and liquid treating indeterminate lengths of web material
US5323202A (en) * 1990-11-24 1994-06-21 Eastman Kodak Company Photographic processing apparatus
US5239327A (en) * 1990-12-28 1993-08-24 Eastman Kodak Company Processor for light sensitive material
US5309191A (en) * 1992-03-02 1994-05-03 Eastman Kodak Company Recirculation, replenishment, refresh, recharge and backflush for a photographic processing apparatus
US5313243A (en) * 1993-05-03 1994-05-17 Eastman Kodak Company Counter cross flow for an automatic tray processor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4966345A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-06-27
FR2200547A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-04-19
FR2200547B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-10-01
DE2346381A1 (de) 1974-03-28

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