US3831353A - Fuel vapor control device - Google Patents

Fuel vapor control device Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3831353A
US3831353A US00295047A US29504772A US3831353A US 3831353 A US3831353 A US 3831353A US 00295047 A US00295047 A US 00295047A US 29504772 A US29504772 A US 29504772A US 3831353 A US3831353 A US 3831353A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
fuel
baffle
control device
vapor
canister
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00295047A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
R Toth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ford Motor Co
Original Assignee
Ford Motor Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ford Motor Co filed Critical Ford Motor Co
Priority to US00295047A priority Critical patent/US3831353A/en
Priority to IT51259/73A priority patent/IT990401B/it
Priority to CA176,265A priority patent/CA985106A/en
Priority to DE19732346623 priority patent/DE2346623A1/de
Priority to GB4362773A priority patent/GB1391890A/en
Priority to JP48110642A priority patent/JPS5144252B2/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3831353A publication Critical patent/US3831353A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F02M25/0854—Details of the absorption canister
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S55/00—Gas separation
    • Y10S55/28—Carburetor attached
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S55/00—Gas separation
    • Y10S55/30—Exhaust treatment

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A canister containing a fuel vapor adsorbent has a fuel vapor inlet, a fresh air inlet and a purge vapor outlet.
  • This invention relates, in general, to a fuel vapor emission control device. More particularly, it relates to a fuel system of the automotive type, and to a device to prevent the emission of fuel vapors into the atmosphere.
  • the canister generally was constructed with air/fuel vapor chambers at opposite ends, with the adsorbent material sandwiched between.
  • the end chambers constituted air distribution manifolds for better presentation of the fuel vapors to the surfaces of the adsorbent.
  • the invention relates to a canister construction containing a baffle that prevents the direct communication of the fuel vapors in the inlet to the purge outlet and forces them to pass through the vapor adsorbent; while, however, at the same time effecting a purge of fuel vapors in any dead spots behind the baffle to the adsorbent.
  • the invention consists of an open celled foam material that is compressible, the open cells being of such small porosity such that a high restriction to flow therethrough is provided.
  • the majority of the fuel vapors are thereby forced to flow past the baffle into the adsorbent during the hot soak cycle.
  • the small amount of fuel vapor that may become trapped in dead air spaces behind the baffle can flow through the open cells of the baffle to the adsorbent during the high pressure differential purge cycle.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a fuel vapor loss control system embodying the invention
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged top plan view of the carbon canister shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken on a plane indicated by and viewed in the direction of the arrows 33 of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates schematically a typical fuel vapor loss control system for use with a motor vehicle power plant. It shows a conventional engine 10 having mounted thereon a carburetor 12 with a fuel or float bowl 14. The air taken into the carburetor and engine is filtered by a conventional air cleaner 16 having a suitable dry filter element such as, for example, of the pleated paper type.
  • the fuel loss control system includes a vent line 18 connected at one end to the vehicle fuel tank 20 and to a vapor storage canister 22 at the other end.
  • the canister contains a quantity of activated charcoal that will adsorb and store excess fuel vapors. The vapors enter therein under slight pressure from the fuel tank when hot soak conditions occur.
  • the canister has a fresh air inlet 24 and a purge outlet tube or line 26 to the air cleaner.
  • the invention is concerned primarily with the construction of the carbon canister to prevent the escape of fuel vapors into the atmosphere at any time.
  • the canister has a hollow outer shell 30 closed at its upper end by a beaded cover member 32.
  • the cover has an opening 34 in which tube 26 is fixed, a fresh air inlet tube 36 connected to inlet 24, and a fuel vapor opening 38 connected to line 18.
  • the interior of the shell 30 is partitioned into two end chambers 40 and 42 by a pair of annular steel perforated screen plates 44 and 46, the space between the screens being filled with activated charcoal or some other suitable vapor adsorbent 47.
  • the two end chambers 40 and 42 constitute fluid distribution manifolds so that the fuel vapors and air will be evenly distributed over the entire end surfaces of the activated charcoal. If chambers 40 and 42 were not provided, then any flow of air down the fresh air tube 36 would tend to return along its outer diameter to soon saturate the adsorbent to a point where further flow of fuel vapors would cause a breakthrough without adsorption. That is,
  • the fuel vapors would pass in a shorter, easier path over the saturated elements and, therefore, fuel vapor would pass out into the atmosphere through the purge tube prior to the capacity of the adsorbent being utilized.
  • the fresh air tube 36 extends through cover 32, manifold 40, and both screens 44 and 46 into the opposite end chamber 42, with a suitable spacer element 48 on the end of the tube.
  • a dust cap 49 covers the fresh air inlet end 24 of the tube, and a spring 50 located between screen 44 and the cover 32 biases the upper screen against the activated adsorbent to maintain it in place.
  • the canister is constructed as described above so that the fuel vapors forced into manifold 40 will pass through the activated charcoal and be adsorbed thereon.
  • a baffle member 52 is interposed in the upper manifold 40 between the vapor inlet 38 and the purge outlet 34 to positively prevent the escape of fuel vapors into the atmosphere without having first passed through and being adsorbed and stored by the activated charcoal elements.
  • the baffle 52 in this case consists of a compressible open cell, foam material of an essentially rectangular shape and has a central arcuate portion merely to avoid interference with spring 50. It will be clear of course that other suitable shapes may be used as desired.
  • the open cell foam baffle in this case has a very small porosity, which causes a high restriction to flow through it so that fuel vapor cannot freely flow through the baffle member and thereby bypass the charcoal elements during the purge or storage operations.
  • the open cell construction serves many functions.
  • the canister would be filled with activated carbon by weight, in contrast to volume. Accordingly, its depth will vary for the same size canister, and it is, therefore, desirable to have a varying thickness baffle member so as to be adaptable to positively prevent leakage of vapor into the purge outlet 34.
  • the open cell compressible foam construction accomodates a varying depth manifold 40 since it is a soft spongy material.
  • the baffle 52 furthermore because of its open cell construction permits a purging through it of any fuel vapor that may collect in the dead air space between the baffle and the canister wall in manifold 40.
  • baffle 52 permits a purging of the fuel vapor through the baffle into the charcoal and around the air tube 36 and finally out through the purge outlet 34.
  • the invention provides a device for use with a fuel vapor storage system to prevent undesirable escape of fuel vapors to the atmosphere, and that it is accomplished in a simple and inexpensive manner.
  • a fuel vapor loss control device for use with a motor vehicle fuel system to control the emission of fuel vapors, comprising, a hollow closed canister containing vapor adsorbent material centrally located to provide chambers at opposite ends, first tube means having an air inlet at one end of the canister and projecting through the canister to the other end for connecting purge air from outside the canister to the other end chamber, second tube means at the one end of the canister connected to the adjacent one end chamber for the purge flow of desorbed vapors therefrom, additional inlet means to the one chamber containing fuel vapors to be adsorbed at a higher pressure than the pressure level in the second tube means thereby effecting flow therebetween, and vapor barrier means comprising a baffle in the one end chamber between the second and additional inlets preventing direct communication between the two and forcing flow of fuel vapors through the adsorbent.
  • the baffle comprising an open cell material of predetermined porosity providing restricted purge of fuel vapors through it from the opposite end chamber space on the side of the baffle adjacent the additional inlet to the opposite end chamber space on the other side of the baffle.
  • a fuel vapor control device as in claim 1 the baffle comprising a compressible material rendering it universally adaptable to variable density loads of adsorbent.
  • the baffle comprising a soft spongy material with small porosity providing sufficiently high restriction to flow of air and fuel vapors therethrough to prevent the free flow therethrough, the porosity permitting the purge of air and fuel vapors from the area in the opposite end chamber behind the baffle to the other side of the baffle.
  • a fuel vapor control device as in claim 4 comprising an open cell foam material dividing the opposite end chamber into two parts each associated with a separate inlet.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supplying Secondary Fuel Or The Like To Fuel, Air Or Fuel-Air Mixtures (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
US00295047A 1972-10-04 1972-10-04 Fuel vapor control device Expired - Lifetime US3831353A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00295047A US3831353A (en) 1972-10-04 1972-10-04 Fuel vapor control device
IT51259/73A IT990401B (it) 1972-10-04 1973-07-05 Dispositivo per evitare l emissione di vapori di carburante nel l atmosfera
CA176,265A CA985106A (en) 1972-10-04 1973-07-12 Fuel vapor control device
DE19732346623 DE2346623A1 (de) 1972-10-04 1973-09-15 Treibstoffdampfsperre fuer das treibstoffsystem von kraftfahrzeugen
GB4362773A GB1391890A (en) 1972-10-04 1973-09-18 Fuel vapour control device
JP48110642A JPS5144252B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-10-04 1973-10-03

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00295047A US3831353A (en) 1972-10-04 1972-10-04 Fuel vapor control device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3831353A true US3831353A (en) 1974-08-27

Family

ID=23135990

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00295047A Expired - Lifetime US3831353A (en) 1972-10-04 1972-10-04 Fuel vapor control device

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3831353A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5144252B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA985106A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2346623A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1391890A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT990401B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4025324A (en) * 1975-09-08 1977-05-24 Texaco Inc. Hydrocarbon vapor control unit and system
US4028075A (en) * 1976-11-02 1977-06-07 Emile Roberge Fuel tank cap
US4306894A (en) * 1979-07-06 1981-12-22 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Canister for fuel evaporative emission control systems
US4326489A (en) * 1979-12-27 1982-04-27 Ford Motor Company Proportional flow fuel vapor purge control device
US4386947A (en) * 1980-04-25 1983-06-07 Nippon Soken, Inc. Apparatus for adsorbing fuel vapor
WO1984003333A1 (en) * 1983-02-16 1984-08-30 John Manolis Pollution control pcv charcoal hose
US4664087A (en) * 1985-07-19 1987-05-12 Ford Motor Company Variable rate purge control for refueling vapor recovery system
US4677956A (en) * 1985-07-19 1987-07-07 Ford Motor Company Solenoid duty cycle modulation for dynamic control of refueling vapor purge transient flow
US4721846A (en) * 1986-07-02 1988-01-26 Casco Products Corporation Canister heater with PTC wafer
US4758255A (en) * 1986-09-22 1988-07-19 Aisan Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Canister for adsorbing fuel vapors
US4852761A (en) * 1988-07-25 1989-08-01 General Motors Corporation In tank vapor storage canister
US5002596A (en) * 1990-05-21 1991-03-26 Chrysler Corporation Fuel vapor canister
US5255735A (en) * 1992-12-21 1993-10-26 Ford Motor Company Fuel vapor recovery device
US5653788A (en) * 1993-03-25 1997-08-05 Aisan Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Canister for an evaporated fuel processing device of an automobile
RU2195357C1 (ru) * 2002-01-24 2002-12-27 МВП "Фильтр" Фильтр для очистки воздуха от паров бензина
EP1300274A1 (en) * 2001-10-05 2003-04-09 Dayco Fuel Management S.p.A. A fuel tank
US20030070630A1 (en) * 2001-09-28 2003-04-17 Ralf Brunemann Device for liquefication of vaporous fule fractions in fuel tanks
US6585806B2 (en) 1997-12-18 2003-07-01 Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems Llc Air dryer reservoir module components
US20060042604A1 (en) * 2002-04-12 2006-03-02 Haskew Harold M Stationary evaporative emission control system
US20060065251A1 (en) * 2004-09-30 2006-03-30 Meiller Thomas C Evaporative emissions canister having an internal insert
US20060065252A1 (en) * 2004-09-30 2006-03-30 Meiller Thomas C Resilient sling for mounting a carbon monolith in an evaporative emissions canister
USRE39467E1 (en) * 1997-12-18 2007-01-16 Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems Llc Air dryer reservoir module components
US20080251055A1 (en) * 2007-04-16 2008-10-16 Briggs & Stratton Corporation Evaporative emissions control system
US20080251053A1 (en) * 2007-04-16 2008-10-16 Shears Peter D Evaporative emissions control system
US20150021407A1 (en) * 2013-07-17 2015-01-22 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Vapor storage device having a diffuser plate and dome

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5194313U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1975-01-25 1976-07-29
JPS53134113A (en) * 1978-05-02 1978-11-22 Hitachi Ltd Absorber for evaporated fuel of internal combustion engine
US4203401A (en) * 1979-01-29 1980-05-20 General Motors Corporation Evaporative emissions canister
CA1156887A (en) * 1980-06-18 1983-11-15 Syozo Yanagisawa Vaporized fuel adsorbing canister
JP7257301B2 (ja) * 2019-09-25 2023-04-13 マーレジャパン株式会社 燃料吸着装置及びそれを用いた蒸発燃料処理装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3464186A (en) * 1967-02-10 1969-09-02 Hankison Corp Dryer for compressed fluid systems
US3646731A (en) * 1970-09-02 1972-03-07 Ford Motor Co Air cleaner and fuel vapor storage assembly remotely associated with an engine
US3680283A (en) * 1970-09-21 1972-08-01 Gen Motors Corp Air dryer assembly for vehicle leveling system

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3464186A (en) * 1967-02-10 1969-09-02 Hankison Corp Dryer for compressed fluid systems
US3646731A (en) * 1970-09-02 1972-03-07 Ford Motor Co Air cleaner and fuel vapor storage assembly remotely associated with an engine
US3680283A (en) * 1970-09-21 1972-08-01 Gen Motors Corp Air dryer assembly for vehicle leveling system

Cited By (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4025324A (en) * 1975-09-08 1977-05-24 Texaco Inc. Hydrocarbon vapor control unit and system
US4028075A (en) * 1976-11-02 1977-06-07 Emile Roberge Fuel tank cap
US4306894A (en) * 1979-07-06 1981-12-22 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Canister for fuel evaporative emission control systems
US4326489A (en) * 1979-12-27 1982-04-27 Ford Motor Company Proportional flow fuel vapor purge control device
US4386947A (en) * 1980-04-25 1983-06-07 Nippon Soken, Inc. Apparatus for adsorbing fuel vapor
WO1984003333A1 (en) * 1983-02-16 1984-08-30 John Manolis Pollution control pcv charcoal hose
US4664087A (en) * 1985-07-19 1987-05-12 Ford Motor Company Variable rate purge control for refueling vapor recovery system
US4677956A (en) * 1985-07-19 1987-07-07 Ford Motor Company Solenoid duty cycle modulation for dynamic control of refueling vapor purge transient flow
US4721846A (en) * 1986-07-02 1988-01-26 Casco Products Corporation Canister heater with PTC wafer
US4758255A (en) * 1986-09-22 1988-07-19 Aisan Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Canister for adsorbing fuel vapors
US4852761A (en) * 1988-07-25 1989-08-01 General Motors Corporation In tank vapor storage canister
US5002596A (en) * 1990-05-21 1991-03-26 Chrysler Corporation Fuel vapor canister
US5255735A (en) * 1992-12-21 1993-10-26 Ford Motor Company Fuel vapor recovery device
US5653788A (en) * 1993-03-25 1997-08-05 Aisan Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Canister for an evaporated fuel processing device of an automobile
USRE39467E1 (en) * 1997-12-18 2007-01-16 Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems Llc Air dryer reservoir module components
US6858066B2 (en) 1997-12-18 2005-02-22 Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems Llc Air dryer module
US20040045436A1 (en) * 1997-12-18 2004-03-11 Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems Llc Air dryer module
US6585806B2 (en) 1997-12-18 2003-07-01 Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems Llc Air dryer reservoir module components
US20030070630A1 (en) * 2001-09-28 2003-04-17 Ralf Brunemann Device for liquefication of vaporous fule fractions in fuel tanks
US6868808B2 (en) * 2001-09-28 2005-03-22 Daimlerchrysler Ag Device for liquefication of vaporous fuel fractions in fuel tanks
EP1300274A1 (en) * 2001-10-05 2003-04-09 Dayco Fuel Management S.p.A. A fuel tank
RU2195357C1 (ru) * 2002-01-24 2002-12-27 МВП "Фильтр" Фильтр для очистки воздуха от паров бензина
US7159577B2 (en) * 2002-04-12 2007-01-09 Briggs And Stratton Corporation Stationary evaporative emission control system
US20060042604A1 (en) * 2002-04-12 2006-03-02 Haskew Harold M Stationary evaporative emission control system
US20060065251A1 (en) * 2004-09-30 2006-03-30 Meiller Thomas C Evaporative emissions canister having an internal insert
US7051717B2 (en) * 2004-09-30 2006-05-30 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Evaporative emissions canister having an internal insert
US7159579B2 (en) * 2004-09-30 2007-01-09 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Resilient sling for mounting a carbon monolith in an evaporative emissions canister
US20060065252A1 (en) * 2004-09-30 2006-03-30 Meiller Thomas C Resilient sling for mounting a carbon monolith in an evaporative emissions canister
US20080251055A1 (en) * 2007-04-16 2008-10-16 Briggs & Stratton Corporation Evaporative emissions control system
US20080251053A1 (en) * 2007-04-16 2008-10-16 Shears Peter D Evaporative emissions control system
US20150021407A1 (en) * 2013-07-17 2015-01-22 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Vapor storage device having a diffuser plate and dome
US9168829B2 (en) * 2013-07-17 2015-10-27 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Vapor storage device having a diffuser plate and dome

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS49100413A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-09-24
JPS5144252B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-11-27
CA985106A (en) 1976-03-09
GB1391890A (en) 1975-04-23
IT990401B (it) 1975-06-20
DE2346623A1 (de) 1974-04-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3831353A (en) Fuel vapor control device
US4326489A (en) Proportional flow fuel vapor purge control device
JP2679847B2 (ja) 燃料蒸気回収組立体及び自動車燃料装置系
US4306894A (en) Canister for fuel evaporative emission control systems
US3572014A (en) Engine air cleaner carbon bed filter element construction
US4750465A (en) Fuel vapor storage canister
US4381929A (en) Apparatus for adsorbing fuel vapor
US5207808A (en) Canister for adsorbing evaporated fuel
US5355861A (en) Evaporative emission control system
US3477210A (en) Hydrocarbon vapor control means for use with engine carburetor
US7051717B2 (en) Evaporative emissions canister having an internal insert
US4058380A (en) Carbon cell
US4403587A (en) Fuel evaporative emission control apparatus for vehicles
US3646731A (en) Air cleaner and fuel vapor storage assembly remotely associated with an engine
US5002596A (en) Fuel vapor canister
JP2002030998A (ja) 車両用キャニスタ
JP2001248504A (ja) 蒸発燃料処理用のキャニスタ
JP2010168908A (ja) 蒸発燃料処理装置
CA1156887A (en) Vaporized fuel adsorbing canister
JP6628992B2 (ja) 蒸発燃料処理装置
US5269837A (en) Evaporation loss control device
CN113027640A (zh) 燃料吸附装置及使用该燃料吸附装置的蒸发燃料处理设备
JPH0674107A (ja) 蒸発燃料処理装置
JP3628384B2 (ja) キャニスタ
JPH06249088A (ja) キャニスタ