US3829014A - Fuel injector having self-cleaning filter - Google Patents

Fuel injector having self-cleaning filter Download PDF

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Publication number
US3829014A
US3829014A US00310269A US31026972A US3829014A US 3829014 A US3829014 A US 3829014A US 00310269 A US00310269 A US 00310269A US 31026972 A US31026972 A US 31026972A US 3829014 A US3829014 A US 3829014A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
valve
valve chamber
fuel
injector
sleeve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00310269A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
C Davis
V Roosa
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Stanadyne Automotive Corp
Original Assignee
Stanadyne LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Stanadyne LLC filed Critical Stanadyne LLC
Priority to US00310269A priority Critical patent/US3829014A/en
Priority to CA185,525A priority patent/CA996432A/en
Priority to GB5244873A priority patent/GB1398949A/en
Priority to JP13063573A priority patent/JPS5612702B2/ja
Priority to AU62830/73A priority patent/AU479239B2/en
Priority to ES420803A priority patent/ES420803A1/es
Priority to IN2586/CAL/73A priority patent/IN139013B/en
Priority to SE7315951A priority patent/SE395937B/xx
Priority to FR7342652A priority patent/FR2208058B1/fr
Priority to AR251152A priority patent/AR197741A1/es
Priority to DE2358962A priority patent/DE2358962A1/de
Priority to BR9352/73A priority patent/BR7309352D0/pt
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3829014A publication Critical patent/US3829014A/en
Assigned to MANUFACTURERS HANOVER TRUST COMPANY, AS AGENT reassignment MANUFACTURERS HANOVER TRUST COMPANY, AS AGENT SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: STANADYNE AUTOMOTIVE CORP.
Assigned to STANADYNE AUTOMOTIVE CORP., A CORP. OF DE reassignment STANADYNE AUTOMOTIVE CORP., A CORP. OF DE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: STANADYNE, INC.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Assigned to STANADYNE INC. reassignment STANADYNE INC. RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST Assignors: CHEMICAL BANK, AS SUCCESSOR IN INTEREST TO MANUFACTURERS HANOVER TRUST COMPANY
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
    • F02M61/12—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type characterised by the provision of guiding or centring means for valve bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/165—Filtering elements specially adapted in fuel inlets to injector

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A precision fuel injector having an inwardly opening pressure operated valve positioned in a bore forming a valve chamber and guided for reciprocal movement to open and close the valve wherein the valve guide at the end of the valve chamber opposite the valve tip is provided with a sleeve extending into the valve chamber to provide an integral filter.
  • the sleeve is interposed between the fuel inlet and the valve chamber and provides communication therebetween through a pair of annular clearances having a width which is one-half or less of the diameter of the discharge orifices of the injector to trap solid particles and prevent the blockage thereof.
  • the filter construction retains the trapped particles in the'flow path where the velocity of fuel flow is maximum to subject them to the repetitive high pressure hydraulic forces'as sequential measured charges of fuel are delivered to the injector to hammer them against the hardened metal edge of the filter and pulverize them to render the filter selfcleaning.
  • Fuel injectors of the type contemplated by this invention have a plunger or valve which is lifted from its seat by the pressure of fuel delivered to the injector by an associated high pressure pump in measured charges in timed relation with the associated engine.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide an improved injector incorporating means for pulverizing solid particulate matter contained in the fuel delivered to the injector.
  • FIG. 1 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view of a fuel injector embodying the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view showing the valve guide of FIG. 1.
  • the exemplary injector shown in the drawing and embodying the present invention is of the pressureoperable type and includes an elongated tubular body having a discharge tip 12 rigidly positioned at one end thereof.
  • the tubular body 10 further provides a central longitudinal bore extending throughout its length to form a valve chamber 14.
  • Located within the valve chamber 14 is a rod-like plunger or valve 16 having a conical tip 18 which cooperatively engages a valve seat 20 to control the discharge of fuel from the valve chamber 14 through discharge orifices 22.
  • An annular valve guide generally indicated at 24 is positioned I blockage of the nozzle or damage to the valve tip or within the bore of the tubular body 10 at one end of the valve chamber 14 to slidably mount and align the valve 16 with the valve seat 20 for rapid reciprocal movement under the influence of fuel pressure within the bore 14 acting against the bias of spring 26.
  • the injector is provided with a fuel inlet 28 communicating with the valve chamber 14 for the delivery of discrete charges of high pressure fuel to the bore 14 from an associated pressure charge pump, not. shown.
  • the upper end of the valve 16 engages a spring seat 30 which is in turn engaged by biasing spring 26.
  • the other end of biasing spring 26 is similarly provided with a spring seat 32 to cause the spring to exert an axial force on the valve 16.
  • An extension 42 of the spring seat 32 limits the lift of the valve 16 away from the valve seat 20.
  • valve chamber 14 In a typical injector of the type involved in this invention the hydraulic pressure within the valve chamber 14 required to open the valve against the bias of the spring 26 is of the order of 2,000 to 3,000 psi. It is apparent that the seal between the valve tip 18 and the valve seat 20 must withstand such pressures without leakage and it is essential that these surfaces not be scored or damvalve seat by entrained debris or particulate matter in the fuel delivered to the nozzle.
  • the integral annular sleeve 58 which extends into the valve chamber 14 from the valve guide 24, is provided.
  • the sleeve 58 surrounds the valve 16 in spaced relation therewith and is interposed between the fuel inlet 28 and the valve chamber 14.
  • the exterior of the sleeve 58 defines with the surrounding bore 60 an annulus 66 for the free flow of fuel therein.
  • An annular ridge 62 defines with the surrounding bore 60 a narrow annular passage 64 which communicates with the valve cham ber 14.
  • the annular passage is dimensioned, with respect to the diameter of orifices 22, so that any particle passing through passage 64 will freely pass through an orific 22.
  • passage 64 serves to prevent the passage into valve chamber 14 of any particles of a size which may block the orifices 22.
  • the radial clearance of the passage 64 has been established at 50 percent or less of the diameter of an orifice 22. For example, where the diameter of an orifice 22 is 10 mils, the radial clearance of the passage 64 is preferably 2 mils to a maximum of 5 mils.
  • a pilot 70 which engages the end of the bore 60 with a precision fit to concentrically locate the sleeve 58 within the bore 60 and assure a substantial uniformity of the passage 64.
  • a feature of the invention is that it provides means for pulverizing chips or other debris entrained in the fuel until it is reduced to a size that will readily pass through the passage 64.
  • the passage 64 serves as a restriction to the flow of fuel from the inlet to the valve chamber 14. As a result the velocity of flow of fuel is maximized at the inlet of the passage 64 where the chips or debris are lodged to maximize the impact and hammering of the chips against the ridge 62 which is formed of a hardened steel, thereby pulverizing the chips as the repetitive measured charges of high pressure fuel are delivered to the injector to render the filter provided by the sleeve 58 self-cleaning.
  • a second edge filter on the sleeve 58 In order to increase the capacity of the filter afforded by the sleeve 58 there is provided, in accordance with the illustrated preferred embodiment of the invention, a second edge filter on the sleeve 58.
  • a second annular ridge 72 is provided adjacent the annulus 66 spaced by the same annular clearance gap with the peripheral wall of the bore 60 as the annular ridge 62 to provide a parallel flow path for the fuel from the inlet 28 to the valve chamber 14. Communication is provided through this second flow path by means of an annulus 74 and radial flow passages 76 through the apertures.
  • this invention provides an injector incorporating a novel selfcleaning integral internal filter without interfering with the operation of the injector.
  • a tubular body having a valve chamber, a valve guide mounting a pressure operable valve disposed in the valve chamber and a spring biasing the valve toward a valve seat having a discharge orifice, the improvement wherein the valve guide is proery of said tubular body to provide parallel restricted passages providing communicating between said annulus and said valve chamber.
  • a tubular body having a valve chamber, a valve guide mounting a pressure operable valve disposed in the valve chamber and a spring biasing the valve toward a valve seat having a discharge orifree
  • the valve guide is provided with a generally cylindrical sleeve extending into the valve chamber, said sleeve being interposed in the flow path of the fuel from the injector inlet to the valve chamber and defining with the inner periphery of said tubular body a restricted clearance providing communication between said inlet and said valve chamber, the width of said clearance being less than the diameter of said discharge orifice and means for maintaining the debris trapped by the filter at the entrance to said clearance where it is subjected to the maximum velocity of flow of fuel from the inlet to the valve chamber thereby to maximize the impact forces applied to the debris to pulverize the same and render the filter provided by the sleeve self-cleaning.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
US00310269A 1972-11-29 1972-11-29 Fuel injector having self-cleaning filter Expired - Lifetime US3829014A (en)

Priority Applications (12)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00310269A US3829014A (en) 1972-11-29 1972-11-29 Fuel injector having self-cleaning filter
CA185,525A CA996432A (en) 1972-11-29 1973-11-09 Fuel injector having self-cleaning filter
GB5244873A GB1398949A (en) 1972-11-29 1973-11-12 Fuel injector having selfcleaning filter
JP13063573A JPS5612702B2 (de) 1972-11-29 1973-11-20
AU62830/73A AU479239B2 (en) 1972-11-29 1973-11-22 Fuel injector having self-cleaning filters
IN2586/CAL/73A IN139013B (de) 1972-11-29 1973-11-23
ES420803A ES420803A1 (es) 1972-11-29 1973-11-23 Inyector de combustible, provisto de filtro autolimpiante, para motores de combustion interna.
FR7342652A FR2208058B1 (de) 1972-11-29 1973-11-26
SE7315951A SE395937B (sv) 1972-11-29 1973-11-26 Brensleinsprutningsmunstycke med sjelvrengorande filter
AR251152A AR197741A1 (es) 1972-11-29 1973-11-26 Un inyector de combustible
DE2358962A DE2358962A1 (de) 1972-11-29 1973-11-27 Kraftstoffeinspritzduese mit selbstreinigendem filter
BR9352/73A BR7309352D0 (pt) 1972-11-29 1973-11-28 Um injetor de combustivel aperfeicoado

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00310269A US3829014A (en) 1972-11-29 1972-11-29 Fuel injector having self-cleaning filter

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3829014A true US3829014A (en) 1974-08-13

Family

ID=23201728

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00310269A Expired - Lifetime US3829014A (en) 1972-11-29 1972-11-29 Fuel injector having self-cleaning filter

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US3829014A (de)
JP (1) JPS5612702B2 (de)
AR (1) AR197741A1 (de)
BR (1) BR7309352D0 (de)
CA (1) CA996432A (de)
DE (1) DE2358962A1 (de)
ES (1) ES420803A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2208058B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1398949A (de)
IN (1) IN139013B (de)
SE (1) SE395937B (de)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4163521A (en) * 1977-11-25 1979-08-07 Stanadyne, Inc. Fuel injector
US4312479A (en) * 1980-02-19 1982-01-26 Stanadyne, Inc. Fuel injection nozzle with edge filter
US4790055A (en) * 1987-06-15 1988-12-13 Stanadyne, Inc. Method of assembling a fuel nozzle assembly
US4938193A (en) * 1987-06-15 1990-07-03 Stanadyne Automotive Corp. Fuel injection nozzle
WO2001036811A2 (en) 1999-11-17 2001-05-25 Stanadyne Corporation Compact fuel injection nozzle
US20070095953A1 (en) * 2005-11-02 2007-05-03 Bonnah Harrie W Ii Internal filter for a fuel injector
US20110011955A1 (en) * 2009-07-20 2011-01-20 Caterpillar Inc. Parallel circuit fuel filtration for fuel injectors
US11305213B2 (en) 2017-05-31 2022-04-19 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Filter element with torsion lock and/or sliding piston, assembly and methods
US11731065B2 (en) 2016-10-03 2023-08-22 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Filter element with torsion lock and assembly

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4437927C2 (de) * 1994-10-24 1996-09-12 Bosch Gmbh Robert Magnetventilgesteuerte Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung mit einer Einspritzdüse zur Kraftstoffeinspritzung in den Brennraum einer Dieselbrennkraftmaschine

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1633320A (en) * 1924-04-10 1927-06-21 Franchetti Alessandro Injector for mineral-oil motors
US1990875A (en) * 1933-10-03 1935-02-12 Eclipse Aviat Corp Fuel filter
US2067131A (en) * 1935-08-05 1937-01-05 Timken Roller Bearing Co Fuel injector
US3499605A (en) * 1967-12-22 1970-03-10 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Nozzle holder

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR882228A (fr) * 1941-06-23 1943-05-21 Daimler Benz Ag Gicleur

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1633320A (en) * 1924-04-10 1927-06-21 Franchetti Alessandro Injector for mineral-oil motors
US1990875A (en) * 1933-10-03 1935-02-12 Eclipse Aviat Corp Fuel filter
US2067131A (en) * 1935-08-05 1937-01-05 Timken Roller Bearing Co Fuel injector
US3499605A (en) * 1967-12-22 1970-03-10 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Nozzle holder

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4163521A (en) * 1977-11-25 1979-08-07 Stanadyne, Inc. Fuel injector
US4312479A (en) * 1980-02-19 1982-01-26 Stanadyne, Inc. Fuel injection nozzle with edge filter
US4790055A (en) * 1987-06-15 1988-12-13 Stanadyne, Inc. Method of assembling a fuel nozzle assembly
US4938193A (en) * 1987-06-15 1990-07-03 Stanadyne Automotive Corp. Fuel injection nozzle
WO2001036811A2 (en) 1999-11-17 2001-05-25 Stanadyne Corporation Compact fuel injection nozzle
US20070095953A1 (en) * 2005-11-02 2007-05-03 Bonnah Harrie W Ii Internal filter for a fuel injector
US7434567B2 (en) * 2005-11-02 2008-10-14 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Internal filter for a fuel injector
US20110011955A1 (en) * 2009-07-20 2011-01-20 Caterpillar Inc. Parallel circuit fuel filtration for fuel injectors
US8500045B2 (en) 2009-07-20 2013-08-06 Caterpillar Inc. Parallel circuit fuel filtration for fuel injectors
US11731065B2 (en) 2016-10-03 2023-08-22 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Filter element with torsion lock and assembly
US11305213B2 (en) 2017-05-31 2022-04-19 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Filter element with torsion lock and/or sliding piston, assembly and methods

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2208058A1 (de) 1974-06-21
CA996432A (en) 1976-09-07
AR197741A1 (es) 1974-04-30
DE2358962A1 (de) 1974-05-30
ES420803A1 (es) 1976-05-01
GB1398949A (en) 1975-06-25
FR2208058B1 (de) 1979-10-12
BR7309352D0 (pt) 1974-08-29
SE395937B (sv) 1977-08-29
JPS5612702B2 (de) 1981-03-24
JPS4982816A (de) 1974-08-09
IN139013B (de) 1976-04-24
AU6283073A (en) 1975-05-22

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Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: MANUFACTURERS HANOVER TRUST COMPANY, AS AGENT

Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:STANADYNE AUTOMOTIVE CORP.;REEL/FRAME:005046/0096

Effective date: 19890210

AS Assignment

Owner name: STANADYNE AUTOMOTIVE CORP., A CORP. OF DE, CONNECT

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:STANADYNE, INC.;REEL/FRAME:005130/0582

Effective date: 19890210

AS Assignment

Owner name: STANADYNE INC., CONNECTICUT

Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CHEMICAL BANK, AS SUCCESSOR IN INTEREST TO MANUFACTURERS HANOVER TRUST COMPANY;REEL/FRAME:007308/0169

Effective date: 19950201