US1990875A

US1990875A - Fuel filter

Info

Publication number: US1990875A
Application number: US692017A
Authority: US
Inventors: Frank C Mock
Original assignee: Eclipse Aviation Corp
Current assignee: Eclipse Aviation Corp
Priority date: 1933-10-03
Filing date: 1933-10-03
Publication date: 1935-02-12
Anticipated expiration: 1952-02-12

Description

Feb. 12, 1935. F c;- MOCK 1,990,875

FUEL FILTER Filed OCC. 5, `1953 I N I/ EN TOR. m A C. MUC/f ATTORNEY.'

Patented Feb. 12, 1935 UNITED STATES,

FUEL FILTER VFrank C. Mock, Montclair, N. J., assignor to Eclipse Aviation Corporation, East Orange, N. J., a corporation of New Jersey Application October 3, 1933, Serial No. 692,017

4 Claims.

This invention relates to fuel injectors for internal combustion engines.

Although it is customary to provide fuel injectors with oil strainers associated therewith,

these strainers ordinarily pass a small amount of fine sediment which collects in the injector and seriously aects its operation.

A plurality of separate strainers may be employed, but each strainer must be individually cleaned as well as the injector valve itself, and it is one of the objects of the present invention to simplify the cleaning of the parts by combining a lter which is adapted to remove fine sediment with a fuel injector.

Another object of the invention is to provide a fuel injector in which the velocity of the fuel is materially reduced adjacent the injector orifice.

Another object of the invention is to provide a combined filter and injector valve which is cm- V pact and easily disassembled.

Another object of the invention is to provide a fuel injector with a lter which also serves as a guide for the injector fuel valve.

Another object of the invention is to provide a fuel injector in which the fuel is brought into close contact with the heated body of the injector in order to reduce the fuel viscosity.

A feature of the invention relates to the novel construction of the injector wherein the body portion is provided with a cylindrical opening in which are inserted the tubular lter and the injector nozzle. The tubular filter and the nozzle are held in position by a bushing threaded into the body of the injector and the filter functions as a guide for the injector needle valve which is adapted to open and close the discharge orice in the nozzle at some predetermined fuel pressure, the fuel being directed through a tortuous passage formed between the filter and the injector body.

Other objects and features of the invention will be apparent from the following description in connection with which a preferred embodiment of the invention has been illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which:

Fig. 1 is a horizontal sectional view through the improved injector;

Fig.2 is an enlarged view partly in section of the valve guide;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line 3-3 of Fig. 2; and j Fig. 4 is a. sectional view taken along the line 4 4 of Fig. 2.

Referring to the drawing, the engine cylinder is represented at 9 in which is installed the fuel injector 10 having a body portion 11 provided with cooling fins 12 and a cylindrical bore 13 within which is a fuel nozzle 14. The body 11 is providedwith an inturned flange 16 for locating the nozzle 14, spacing washers 17 of interchange- 5 able construction being used to determine the position of the nozzle. Abutting nozzle 14 is a tubular guide member 18 having a cylindrical outer portion 19 of slightly less diameter than the interior of body portion 11 and having a pair 10 of longitudinally extending

grooves

21 and 22.

Additional grooves

23 and 24 are also provided, grooves 23 being in communication with longitudinal groove 22 and extending partially around the periphery of the guide but terminating ad- 15 jacent groove 21, as shown in Fig. 3. Grooves 24 are of similar construction and are in communication with groove 21 but terminate adjacent groove 22, as shown in Fig. 4. Groove 22 is adapted to be placed in communication with a source of fuel supply by means of groovev 26 and passageway 27 formed in the connection 28. The

groove 24 which is adjacent nozzle 14 is in communication with the interior of the sleeve by openings 29 which are drilled radially of the sleeve. Bothnozzle 14 and sleeve 18 are held in position within the housing by a nut 31 which has a central opening 32 large enough to permit the insertion of injector valve 33 which is slidable` within the guide and has a reduced portion 34 adjacent the seat 36 which closes the opening 37 in the injector nozzle. Nozzle 14 is'provided with a collar 20 which is/pressed within the bore of sleeve 18 to preserve the alignment of the parts upon removal of the sleeve and valve as a unit. 35 Valve 33 is resiliently held upon its seat by a spring 38 coacting between the flange 39 and the removable cap 40 in which is an opening 41 adapted to permit the passage of air into and out of the chamber 42. 40

In the operation of the device, fuel is introduced through passage 27 to the groove 22 from Awhich it flows into the circumferential grooves 23. It has been previously stated that the outer diameter of sleeve 18 is slightly less than the inner diameter of thehousing, therefore lands 25 form with the housing narrow passageways through which the fuel passes to the grooves 24 and is led to longitudinal groove 21. The oil flows from groove 21 to the annular space44 at the end of the guide and at some predetermined pressure will force the valve '33 toward theleft, as viewed in Fig. 1, to 4open orifice 37 and permit the fuel to be injected into the cylinder 9. It may be` noted from they above described construction that the fuel in its passage toward the engine is directed against the housing 11 which, during the operation of the engine, will be heated, and the fuel prior to its delivery to the engine will have reached a temperature Whereat lits viscosity is materially reduced. The fuel is reduced to a thin layer during its passage across lands 25 and because of the reduced viscosity in

grooves

23 and 24 any sediment in the fuel will collect in the grooves and may be easily removed therefrom by removing the device from the housing by means of nut 31. It will also be noted that sleeve 18 not only acts as a filter but also serves as a guide for the valve stem 34 and that the entire assembly may be removed as a unit by means of nut 31 or the valve stem 33 may be removed separately by means of nut 40. Removal of the injector unit also permits removal of nozzle 14 if it should be desired to substitute another nozzle having a different orifice size. The rear portion 46 of sleeve 18 is preferably of the same size as the interior of the housing in order to position the sleeve therein and in order to permit removal of .the sleeve the rear portion of the opening is preferably threaded at 47 to permit the engagement of any suitable tool.

While a preferred embodiment of the invention has been illustrated and described, it is understood that this showing and description are illustrative only and that the invention is not regarded as limited to the forms shown and described or otherwise, except by the terms of the following v claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A fuel injector for an engine comprising a body portion having a cyli'ndrical opening terminating in an inturned flange integral With the body which is exposed to the engine cylinder temperature, a tubular valve guide therein having a portion of its outer surface of slightly less diameter than the opening, a longitudinal groove on the exterior of the guide, a peripheral groove in communication with the longitudinal groove, a second peripheral groove axially displaced from the rst groove, both of said peripheral grooves being on the small diameter portion of the guide, a valve slidable in the guide, a removable nozzle within the housing opening having a collar projecting Within the bore of the guide, means forming an opening adjacent the collar for connecting the second peripheral groove with the interior of the guide, said guide, valve and nozzle being removable as a unit, and means the opening coacting with the housing to form a. fuel filter, said guide and nozzle having por` tions thereof in telescoped relation,

means coacting with the body for clamping said guide and nozzle against the shoulder, a

valve slidable in the guide for controlling the' nozzle, said guide, valve and nozzle being removable as a unit, and means for directing fuel from the exterior of the body through the filter to the nozzle.

3. A fuel injector for an engine comprising a body portion having a cylindrical opening terminating in an integral inturned flange exposed to engine cylinder temperature, a nozzle having an exterior of substantially the same diameter as the opening positioned adjacent said flange, a valve guide slidable in the opening and abutting said nozzle, a nut coacting with the body and guide for clamping said nozzle against the flange, a valve slidable in the guide for controllingthe nozzle, cooling fins on said body portion arranged around said guide, said guide, valve and nozzle being removable as a unit, and means including a second nut threaded on the first nut for retaining the lvalve in the guide.

4. A fuel injector for an engine comprising a body having a cylindrical opening terminating in an integral inturned flange exposed to engine cylinder temperature, a nozzle having a cylindrical exterior slidable in the opening and abutting the flange, a tubular valve guide abutting the nozzle, said guide having twoV series of adjacent grooves thereon with cylindrical portions therebetween of slightly less diameter than the opening, means for conecting one series of grooves with the interior of the guide, means for connecting the other series of grooves with a source of fuel, a nut threaded on the body for clamping the sleeve and nozzle against the flange, said nut having a central opening, a valve slidable in the guide having a portion extending through the nut opening, said guide, valve and nozzle being removable as a unit, and a spring coacting with the nut urging the valve against the nozzle to control the same.

FRANK C. MOCK.