US3812680A - Shiftable support for use in tunnels, mines and the like - Google Patents

Shiftable support for use in tunnels, mines and the like Download PDF

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Publication number
US3812680A
US3812680A US00138705A US13870571A US3812680A US 3812680 A US3812680 A US 3812680A US 00138705 A US00138705 A US 00138705A US 13870571 A US13870571 A US 13870571A US 3812680 A US3812680 A US 3812680A
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frames
support
elements
displacing
frame
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H Walbrohl
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/12—Temporary supports for use during building; Accessories
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D23/00—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
    • E21D23/0086—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor in galleries

Definitions

  • Displacing means displaces the supporting frames individually or the units with reference to one another, between a supporting position and a shifting position in which the respective frames or units are advanced in forwarddirection.
  • Operating means decreases the dimensions of the frames in a plane transverse to the direction of advancement preparatory to displacement to the shifting position,-and increases the dimensions upon displacement from the shifting position to the support position.
  • the present invention relates generally to a support, and more particularly to a shiftable support. Still more specifically the invention relates to a shiftable support for use in tunnels, mines and the like.
  • the length or distance towhich the tunnel or mine shaft is driven forwardly into the ground can be continuously varied without having to take into consideration the spacing between consecutive ones of thesupporting frames.
  • Still a further object of the invention is to make it possible to carry out the tunnel or mine shaftadvancing operations and the shoring of the completed sections simultaneously and independently of one an other.
  • a shiftable support for use in tunnels, mines and the like which, briefly stated, comprises a plurality of supporting frames arrayed in a longitudinal direction and connecting means connecting at least some of these supporting frames with one another.
  • Displacing means is provided for displacing the supporting frames at least individually between a supporting position and a shifting position.
  • Operating means decreases the dimensions of the frames in a plane transverse to the aforementioned direction preparatory to v displacement to the shifting position, and increases these dimensions upon displacement from the shifting position to the support position.
  • the invention is based upon the principle of no longer having to disassemble the respectively trailing supporting frame, advancing itthrough the leading supporting frame or frames in form of its constituent components, and erecting it in front of the leading supporting frame.
  • the individual frames can be changed in their dimensions so that rearward frames can pass through'fram'es located in'front of them, and the framescan be advanced in forward direction without disassembly. While one or more ofthe frames are being shifted forwardly, the remaining frames perform the-necessary supporting function.
  • the present invention it is also possible to connect ,every other supporting frame with one another.
  • at least four supporting frames with the first and third frames being connected to form a unit, and with the second and fourth frame similarly being connected to form a unit which is independent of the first-mentioned one. These unitsare then independently movable.
  • the braces which brace the peripheral supporting elements of the respective support frames may be provided with winches or hydraulic pressure-exerting elements and may be constructed so that with the aid of these elements they can be shortened or lengthened in order to thereby increase or decrease the dimensions of the frames in the plane transversely to the longitudinal direction of the support.
  • peripheral elements may be composed of two or more sections which maybe connected by means of hinges having hinge axes extending in parallelism with the longitudinal direction of the support.
  • hydraulically operated units they may be connected with a pressure reservoir which supplies additional pressure fluid to them in case of and in auto-;
  • telescoping but rigid and bending-resistant reinforcing devices may be provided which bridge these units. They may be composed of telescopic sleeves and shafts which are secured to the members whose dimensions are to be varied by the pressure units, being secured thereto at the opposite ends of the pressure units, if necessary by means of separate connecting elements. In this construction the possibility of bending damage to the pressure-exerting units is avoided.
  • the present invention suggests that if the passage being constructed has an at least substantially horizontailongitudinal axis, the cutting elements carried by the shiftable support and located in the region of the lower ends of the frames, are provided at their trailing ends with shortened reinforcing ribs.
  • the last supporting frame for the leading tunnel section being driven into the ground is then spaced from the trailing section to be shored by a distance which is greater than the length of the section to be shored, so that the shoring of the next trailing section can begin simultaneously with the work in advancing the tunnel or shaft further by another leading section.
  • the cutters, beginning at the roof of the tunnel are forwardly shifted from above in downward direction, whereas the shoring is carried out from the tunnel sole in upward direction.
  • the height-of the side walls which.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view of a support accordingto the present invention, as seen in longitudinal axial direction; V
  • FIG. 2 is a fragmentary axial section through a tunnel provided with a support according to the present inventron;
  • FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 2, but illustrating a different embodiment of the invention in a first stage of its forward shifting movement
  • FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic fragmentary longitudinal section illustrating the embodiment of FIG. 3 at a subsequent second stage
  • FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 4 but illustrating the embodiment of FIG. 3 in a subsequent third stage of shifting;
  • FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 1 illustrating an embodiment for use in a tunnel of rectangular crosssection
  • FIG. 7 is a diagrammatic fragmentary detail view of one of the supporting frames
  • FIG. 8 is a further diagrammatic view of a detail of the invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a fragmentary longitudinal section illustrating anvadditional embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a section through FIG. 9.
  • FIG. 11 is a fragmentary sectional detail view illustrating a further embodiment of the invention.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Discussing firstly the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 it will be seen that we have shown a tunnel having a leading section'A which is being further driven into the ground, and a trailing section which has already been driven andwhich is to be shored.
  • the trailing section is identified with F, the leading section with A and the head of the tunnel with B.
  • a shiftable support according to the present invention composed in a manner still to be discussed, but using as its basic components four supporting frames 10a, 10b, 10c and 10d which are spaced from one another in longitudinal direction of the tunnel.
  • Each of the frames 10, that is frames l0a-l0d of which the frame, 10a is located adjacent the head B of the tunnel, is composed of a peripheral supporting ele-' ment 12 which extends along the tunnel surface, a base 14 as well as braces.
  • the braces of the frame 10a are identified as braces [60 and 18a, those of the frame I017 are identified as the braces 16b and 18b, etc. It will be noted that, as particularly clearly shown in FIG. I, the braces 16a and I8a and the braces 16c and 18c of the first and third frames 10a and 100 are offset with reference to the braces 16b, 16d and 18b, 18d of the frames 10b and 10d.
  • the frames 10a and 106 are connected by connecting elements 22 which extend in at least approximate parallelism with the longitudinal axis of the support, and similarly the frames 10b and 10d are connected by connecting elements 20.
  • the frames 1.0a and' IOC form one unit and the frames 10b and 1011 form a second independent unit.
  • the arrangement of the frames in units is by no means necessary or to be considered limiting. and also that the offsetting of the supports or braces 16 and 18 is not necessary.
  • the braces 16 and 18 of the frames may also be located in planes behind one another, with the elements 20 or 22 being arranged laterally offset on the braces 16 and 18.
  • FIG. 2 shows particularly clearly that the cutters 24 are positioned against the outer side of the elements 12, and that they are provided in their end portions which are left in FIG. 2 with reinforcing ribs-26, whereas their right-hand end portions are not reinforced and serve as outer shoring for the section F.
  • the cutters 24 form in the section A of the tunnel a complete shoring and covering of the tunnel surface and are advanced forwardly beyond the frame 10 by means of pressure units. This manner of providing the cutters and of'advancing them is known per se and is not a part of the invention. In place of the cutters 24 other elements could also be utilized in conjunction with the support according to the present invention.
  • the dimensions of the frames 10 can be varied, that is they can be made smaller in a plane transversely to the longitudinal direction of the tunnel and of the support, or their dimensions can be increased.
  • the purpose is to decrease the dimensions so that the frames will have a lesser height and width when they are in their shifting position and a greater height and width when they are in their sup porting position in which they support the cutters 24.
  • FIG. I shows that this is achieved by providing at the upper ends of the braces 16 winches or, preferably, hydraulic presses 28 by means of which the lengths of the braces 16 can be increased or decreased.
  • End portions 42 of the cross braces 18, which are articulately connected with the element 12 at 38, are telescopic for which purpose slots 40 are provided at the ends of the cross braces 18 in the illustrated embodiment, in which the end portions 42 are guided with transverse projections or bolts, with wedges being provided which are identified with reference numeral 44 and can be driven between appropriate abutments provided on the cross braces 18 or the end portions 42 in order to drive the latter laterally outwardly. While the just-discussed 'arrangement of the units 28 and the telescopic connections and use of the wedges 44 in the discussed and illustrated manner are currently preferred, it will be ap-. preciated that the devices 28 could be located at other points of the braces 16 and that thetelescopic connections and the wedges 44 could be provided at other points of the cross braces 18. 7
  • the element 12 be composed of at least two sections which are connected by a hinge which, preferably, is arranged in the region of the head piece which is identified in FIG. I with reference numeral 30.
  • FIG. 7 I have illustrated a currently preferred embodiment of this head piece 30 and it will be seen from this Figure that at the upper end of the brace 16' there is provided a head 17 on which the divided element 12 is slidably supported on the slides 32.
  • a winch preferably a hydraulic press 34 is located between the two sections of the element 12 and pivotally connected with their ends by means of transversely extending pins 36. Extension or retraction of the device 34 increases or decreases the dimensions of the element 12. It is advantageous that cover plates are provided which cover the head piece 30 at opposite axial sides of the frame.
  • FIG. I It is further advantageous, as illustrated in FIG. I, to provide additional hydraulic or other pressure units 37 adjacent the lower ends of the legs of the elements 12, these devices 37 being anchored on the base element 14.
  • Four shifting drives 46 are also provided as shown in FIG. 1. Two of them are mounted on the base elements l4 and two on the peripheral elements 12. They may again be hydraulic pressure units or winches which on the one hand are secured to the frames a, 10c and on the other hand to the frames 10b, 10d, the connection being pivotal.
  • the frames 10a and 100 are retracted by retracting the devices 28 and 34 as well as the telescopic connections 40, 42 and 44. This decreases the height and the lateral dimensions of the frames I00 and 100 so that these move out of frictional engagement with the reinforcing ribs 26 of the cutters 24.
  • the load is now supported by the rebers I4 become raised above the tunnel floor. This phase or stage is shown at the left-hand portion of FIG.
  • the frames 10b and 100' are similarly advanced as described with reference to the frames 10a and 10c, and during this advancement the frames 10a and 10c alone support the tunnel weight.
  • the stage shown in FIG. 5 has been reached, corresponding to the position of the frames 10 in the lefthand portion in FIG. .2, except that now the frames 10a and 10b are closely adjacent the forward end of the cutters 24, and the frames 10c and 10d are correspondingly advanced forwardly, so that the cutters 24 can now be drivenforwardly'to form the next tunnel section. 1
  • the operating means for changing the height of the frames 10 includes the hydraulic presses 28 whereas the operating means for changing the width of the frames 10 includes thehydraulic presses 34 and -37 as well as the end portions 42 of the braces 18, the slots 40 provided in the latter and the wedges 44.
  • the shifting drives 46 and the rollers 50 are displacing means for advancing the frames 10 along the tunnel.
  • FIG. 4 shows diagrammatically that in the event the tunnel floor is not sufficiently weight-supportive, or if there is danger that the tunnel floor might settle, anchoring elements, namely, poles 54 may be secured to the frames 10, preferably by drive means such as hydraulic presses 52, which are driven by the presses 52 into the floor of the tunnel when the frames are in their supporting position. This results in a substantial carrying capability and also in an excellent anchoring of the frames 10 against forces actingin axial direction of the tunnel.
  • FIG. 6 I have illustrated a supporting frame 10' for use in a tunnel or shaft having a rectangular cross-section, as opposed to the previous embodiments where the tunnel or shaft was of vaulted cross-section.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 6 corresponds to the preceding em-, bodiments, and like reference numerals identify like components but have been provided with a prime designation.
  • the present invention provides, according to an advantageous embodiment, that the hydraulic devices 28 and 34 receive pressure fluid via pressure storage devices with automatic oil supply.
  • the arrangement is such thatautomatically oil under pressure is supplied into the devices 28 and 34 if the pressure in these devices decreases. This assures that at decreasing pressure in the devices 28, 34for instance as the result of settling orshifting of the material in which the tunnel is formed, the devices 28 and 34 will automaticallyincrease the dimensions of the frames 10 so that the latter can support the weight.
  • the supporting system on which static calculations are based is always maintained, even if settling or similar occurrences should come about, and this results in a substantial reduction of the possibilities of accidents. Also, damage to buildings above the tunnel due to settling is avoided because the settling is avoided.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 the concrete shoring is identifiedwith reference numeral 60.
  • an inner movable shoring composed of shoring elements 62 of constant'width .is-erected, and these elements 62 are supported on elements 65'which in turn are supported on longitudinal supports-64 which aremaintained by suitable elements 66 in their position at the outer side of the peripheral elements 12 of the frames 10.
  • the elements at the same time serve fortransmitting load to the frames which are respectively in supporting position, that is those frames which remain to support the load while the other frames are being shifted forwardly.
  • the elements 64 whose length equals the length of the section to be shored, are advanced by suitable means such as hydraulic presses or'the like, beyond the frames 10 by a distance which corresponds to the length of the new section to be shored.
  • a new element 65 is placed onto the thus advancedelements 64 and the shoring elements 62 connected .with the element 65, whereupon, the support is advanced in the manner described before.
  • the section F see especially FIG.
  • the frames of the support are identified with reference characters l"a, "b, l0' 'c and l0" d.
  • the frames l0"a and .l0"b are connected by elements to form a unit
  • the frames 10"! and 10"d are connected by elements 22" to form a'separate independent unit.
  • the support serves particularly for supporting the shoring.
  • peripheral element 12" carries stilts or-supports 96 of identical height distributed about the element 12', and these in turn carry longitudinally extending elements 94 which extend in parallelism with the tunnel axis.
  • the designations 94 and 96 apply to the elements connected with one of 'the units composed of two frames, whereas the similar elements connectedwith the other unit composed of theremaining two frames are identitied with reference characters 96 and 94', respectively. Because the elements 94 or 94. advance with their respective unit. the elements 94 of the one unit are offset with respect to the elements 94 of the other unit.
  • the presence'ofthe elements 96 and 96" is necessary to permit the dimensional decrease of the frames of the one unit for shifting the unit forwardly, whereas the remaining unit supports the shoring.
  • the elements 94 or 94' can be pushed over the individual frames, for instance in order to be able to advance the unit around a curve of the tunnel in conjunction with the pivo tal connection 92 of the elements 20 and 22 which is shown in the left-hand portion of FIG. 2, and with the lengthvariable construction of the elements 20 and 22.
  • such' a construction permits the frames of the individual units to be inclined to an angle which differs by 90 with reference to the longitudinal axis of the tunnel, so that the frames are no longer in parallelism with one another. This has been already discussed above and therefore needs no additional discussion.
  • auxiliary devices such as material-removal devices or the like can be made fast with the leading frame 10a.
  • the use of the devices in the tunnel section F permits the fixed connection of the leading shoring for the final concrete sheathingor shoring 60, fast with the leading frame 10"a. This results in a substantial simplification of the shoring operations.
  • FIG. 8 I have illustrated an' advantageous embodiment of the leading'shoring and the manner in which itcan be connected.
  • the leading frame is provided with a peripheral element on which there is secured in horizontal orientation a sleeve 82 accommodating in slidable manner a rod 84.
  • An angle arm'86, 88 is fast with the rod 84 and the free end of the arm 88 can be placed into abutment with the outer side of the shoring elements 90.
  • the pressure of the concrete against the shoring elements 90 results in the exertion of an offcenter force upon the rod 84'which in turn causes -a skewing of the rod in the sleeve82 and consequently a retention of the rod in this sleeve against displacement.
  • a hammer blow is exerted upon the end of the rod 84 which is the righthand end in FIG.
  • the support according to the present invention must be able to withstand, inter alia, substantial forces which act transversely'to the plane of the frames 10, that is approximately in the axial direction of the tunnel. These forces are distributed by the elements 20, 22to the individual frames 10. However, it must be avoided that the units 28 in the braces 16 of the frames 10 undergo bending as a result of such forces, because they are neither intended nor constructed for withstanding such forces because as a result of bending caused by such forces the cylinder would be placed askew with reference to the piston and piston rod whereby the device would freeze and become inoperative. It follows from this that it is necessary to prevent the application of such stresses to the devices 28, that is to prevent and 72 become telescoped apart or together and abbending of the devices 28, so that only longitudinal forces act within the braces 16 in the region of the devices 28.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates diagrammatically another embodiment which serves the same purpose as the one just discussed.
  • the two end portions of the braces 16, between which the device 28 is provided are connected with one another by a telescopic tube 101 which surrounds the device 28 and which is rigidly connected to one end of the brace 16 by means of the connector 99, whereas its other end is glidably connected with the opposite end of the brace 16 by means of the connector 100.
  • Articulated joints 98 connect the device 28 with the opposite ends of the brace 16 and with this construction bending forces in the brace 16 are transmitted from one end to the other of the braces 16 exclusively via the telescopic tube 101, and do not act upon the device 28.
  • the telescopic tube 101 slides over the connector 100 when the device 28 is tended.v
  • the pouring of concrete for the next section F to be shored can be begun already while the lower portion of the tunnel cross-section at the tunnel head is still being removed.
  • the length reduction of the reinforcing ribs 26 at the cutters 24". is possible for static reasons without any difficulties,zbecause the pressure exerted by the surrounding material on the cutters 24' is less than that exerted on the cutters 24 at the tunnel roof.
  • FIG. 3 A further variant of the shoring is shown in the righthand portion of FIG. 3, where in place'of the elements 62 illustrated in FIG. 2 the elements 68 are provided which are comparable, with the cutters 24 and which are advanced in forward direction by means of suitable non-illustrated presses or the like in the manner of a sliding shoring. I r
  • the invention provides many advantages which will I be evident to those skilled in the art, in addition to solving the problems which were outlined in the introductory portions of this specification. Because the sequence of the frames as seen in the longitudinal direction of the support does not change, the connection of material-removal machines or other components to the leading frame becomes possible, as already discussed above. This means, of course, that these auxiliary ma- I chines or devices advance with the leading frame without having to be separately moved. Also, supporting elements may be provided on the leading frame which press against and support the tunnel head to prevent its collapse until such time as the material is to be intentionally removed.
  • the support according to the present invention can be used not only below ground for driving tunnels, mine shafts or the like, but can also be used above ground in the erection of structures in which a shoring support having the capability of longitudinal advancement, is required.
  • first operating means for pivoting said parts of the respective frames outwardly away from one another, and inwardly toward one another, depending upon whether the width of a respective frame is to be increased or decreased; and second operating means for vertically extending and retracting the respective frames, depending upon whether the height of a respective frame is to-be increased or decreased.
  • a shiftablc-supportfor use in tunnels, mines and the like comprising a plurality of supporting frames arrayed in a longitudinal-direction and each including a peripheral element and bracing elements bracing the peripheral element, each of said frames having a height dimension and a width dimension in a plane transverse to said direction; connecting means connecting longitudinally alternate ones of said supporting frames; displacing means for displacing saidsupporting frames at least individually between a first position and a second shifted position; and: operating means for decreasing 1 both ofsaid dimensions of each of saidframes individually in said plane preparatory to displacement of the respective frame to said second position, and for increasing both ofsaid dimensions upon displacement of the respective frame to said second position, said operating means acting'upon said bracing elements in a sense lengthening and shortening the same for varying both of said dimensions of said frames in said plane.
  • said frames including at least four individual frames; and wherein said connecting means comprises connecting elements extending in said direction and connecting the first and third frames into a first unit, and the second and fourth frames into a second unit which is independent-of said first unit, said displacing meansbeing located between said units.
  • said connecting means comprising elongated connecting members and connecting elements articulately connecting said connecting members with respective ones of said frames.
  • said operating and said bracing elements including upright bracing'elements having upper end portions; and wherein said operating means are provided at least in part in the regions of said upper end portions.
  • bracing elements comprising telescopable transverse bracing elements.
  • a support as defined in claim 14, said transverse bracing elements having a main portion and. at least one main telescopable end portion.
  • said reinforcing devices comprising telescopable structural members which are respectively secured to support structures provided on said bracing elements.
  • a shiftable support for use in tunnels, mines and the like comprising a pluralityof supporting frames arrayed in a longitudinal direction, said frames having an outer peripheral element and bracing elements for the same, and each of said frames having a height dimension and a width dimension in a plane transverse to said direction; connecting means connecting longitudinally alternate ones of said supporting frames; displacing means for displacing said supporting frames at least individually between a first position and a second shifted said plane preparatory to displacementof the respective frame to said second position, and for increasing both of said dimensions upon displacement of the respective frame to said second position, said operating 7 means including telescopable pressure units provided in and acting upon said outer peripheral element.
  • displacing means for displacing ing means for decreasing both of said dimensions of each of said frames individually in said plane preparatory to displacement of the respective frame to said second position, and for increasing both of said dimensions upon displacement of the respective frame to said second position.
  • a shiftable support for use in tunnels, mines and the like, said support having an at least substantially horizontal longitudinal axis and comprising a plurality of supporting frames arrayed in a longitudinal direction and each havinga height dimension and a width dimension in aplarie transverse to said-direction; connecting meansconnecting longitudinally alternate ones of said supporting frames; displacing means for displacing said supporting frames at least individually between 'a first position and a second shifted position; operating means for decreasing both of said dimensions of each of said frames individually in said plane preparatory to displacement of the respective frame to said second posi- 16 tion, and for increasing both of said dimensions upon displacement of the respective frame to said second position; rollers mounted on said frames;and actuating means for downwardly displacing said rollers from a normal rest position to an operative position in which they extend downwardly beyond the lower ends of said frames for cooperation with guide rails extending in said longitudinal direction.
  • a shiftable support for use in tunnels, mines and the like, comprising a plurality of supporting frames arrayed in a longitudinal direction and each having a height dimension and a width dimension in a plane transverse to said direction; connecting means conneeting longitudinally alternate ones of said supporting frames; displacing means for displacing said support-ing frames at least individually between a first position and a second shifted position; operating means for decreasing both of said dimensions of each of said frames individually in said plane preparatory to displacement of the respective frar'neto said secondposition', and for increasing both of said dimensions upon displacement of the respective frame to said second position; anchoring elements mountedon said frame; and drive means fordriving said anchoring elements into the material surrounding said support.
  • a shiftable support for use in tunnels, mines and the like comprising at least four individual supporting frames arrayed in a longitudinal direction and each having a height dimension and a width dimension in a plane transverse to said direction; connecting means connecting longitudinally alternate ones of said supporting frames, said connecting means including connecting elements extending in said direction and being located at the outwardly directed side of said frames, and said connecting elements connecting the first and third frames into a first unit and the second and fourth frames into a second unit which is independent ofsaid first unit; stilt members supporting said'connecting elements; displacing means for displacing said supporting frames at least individually between a first position and a second shifted position, said displacing means being located between said units; and operating means for decreasing both of said dimensions of each of said frames individually insaid plane preparatory to displacement of the respective frame to said second position, and for increasing both'of said'dimensions upon displacement of the respective frame to said second position.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
US00138705A 1970-05-04 1971-04-29 Shiftable support for use in tunnels, mines and the like Expired - Lifetime US3812680A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2021734A DE2021734C3 (de) 1970-05-04 1970-05-04 Wanderabstützungsgerüst für den Ausbruch von Stollen oder Tunneln

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US (1) US3812680A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5136541B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) AT308032B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE766124A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH534779A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2021734C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DK (1) DK142774C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES390119A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2090508A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1303912A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL162712C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (19)

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US3903707A (en) * 1973-03-24 1975-09-09 Gewerk Eisenhuette Westfalia Tunneling shields
US3964265A (en) * 1973-08-23 1976-06-22 Consolidation Coal Company Method and apparatus for mining and supporting the mine roof
US4173421A (en) * 1976-10-15 1979-11-06 Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia Shield apparatus for use in tunnelling or mining
US4192632A (en) * 1977-07-16 1980-03-11 Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia Support systems for mineral mining installations
US4334800A (en) * 1979-09-19 1982-06-15 Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia Tunnel drive shield
US4441838A (en) * 1983-01-03 1984-04-10 Metalex Element for tunnel-type metal shuttering
US5284404A (en) * 1992-03-31 1994-02-08 Hu Ming C Moving steel form system
USD359226S (en) 1994-02-09 1995-06-13 Trapp William B Adjustable arch support
US5444948A (en) * 1994-02-09 1995-08-29 Trapp; William B. Adjustable arch support
US20100005751A1 (en) * 2006-08-02 2010-01-14 Guenther Troester Substructure for a construction that is self-supporting without the substructure and use of the substructure
CN102877862A (zh) * 2012-10-18 2013-01-16 山东大学 基于矿用u型钢的约束混凝土定量让压拱架
CN103775106A (zh) * 2014-01-27 2014-05-07 华南理工大学 一种利用拱环加固隧道的结构及加固隧道的方法
CN106677806A (zh) * 2016-12-12 2017-05-17 中国矿业大学 一种用于井下巷道、隧道的管式棚架支护结构
CN110242315A (zh) * 2019-06-13 2019-09-17 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 盾构施工的模拟装置及模拟方法
CN110645022A (zh) * 2019-10-29 2020-01-03 中建八局轨道交通建设有限公司 一种联络通道自锚式模板支架系统及施工方法
CN114320397A (zh) * 2021-11-26 2022-04-12 陕西陕煤榆北煤业有限公司 一种超长工作面巷道超前支护装置
US20220127804A1 (en) * 2020-10-27 2022-04-28 Southwest Jiaotong University Two-stage energy dissipation type shed tunnel support structure connected by principle of dougong and a design method thereof
CN114458340A (zh) * 2021-12-28 2022-05-10 中铁五局集团电务工程有限责任公司 一种大小盾构用隧道注浆装置
CN118148183A (zh) * 2024-05-10 2024-06-07 石家庄铁道大学 一种地铁上盖结构施工用可变式移动台车支架及施工方法

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DE2319556C2 (de) * 1973-04-18 1984-08-16 Charles Edward Baton Rouge La. Metrailer Fahrbare Raumschalung
DE2657003C2 (de) 1976-12-16 1984-10-04 Gewerkschaft Eisenhütte Westfalia, 4670 Lünen Verbauschild, insbesondere für das Auffahren von Strecken in Bergbau-Untertagebetrieben
DE2706244C2 (de) * 1977-02-15 1986-01-02 Gewerkschaft Eisenhütte Westfalia, 4670 Lünen Messervortriebsverfahren und Messer zum Vortrieb von Tunneln, Stollen u.dgl. unter gleichzeitigem Einbringen einer Betonauskleidung
FR2404098A1 (fr) * 1977-09-21 1979-04-20 Borie Entr Travaux Publics And Bouclier pour le percement de galeries souterraines en demi-section superieure
PL115687B1 (en) * 1978-03-24 1981-04-30 Centralny Osrodek Projektowo Konstrukcyjny Maszyn Gorn Gangway walking roof support
DE2901054A1 (de) * 1979-01-12 1980-07-17 Salzgitter Maschinen Ag Vorlaeufiger streckenausbau fuer durchbaubetriebe in strecken des untertaegigen bergbaus
ES2018219B3 (es) * 1986-09-01 1991-04-01 Heinz-Theo Walbrohl Dispositivo de avance por escudo de cuchillas y procedimiento para romper y/o acabar la excavacion de galerias y similares
CN110043280B (zh) * 2019-05-22 2024-01-23 扬州金叶钢制品有限公司 一种便于组装的地铁管片拼接用环内支撑装置
CN113898377A (zh) * 2020-06-22 2022-01-07 湖南五新模板有限公司 混凝土抹面施工装置
CN113605918B (zh) * 2021-07-27 2023-11-10 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 一种基于暗挖导洞与跳挖竖井的既有隧道跨越体系及施工方法
CN114893205A (zh) * 2022-04-22 2022-08-12 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 一种隧道内部弧形件拼装机跨越式自行走控制装置及控制方法

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Cited By (22)

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US3903707A (en) * 1973-03-24 1975-09-09 Gewerk Eisenhuette Westfalia Tunneling shields
US3964265A (en) * 1973-08-23 1976-06-22 Consolidation Coal Company Method and apparatus for mining and supporting the mine roof
US4173421A (en) * 1976-10-15 1979-11-06 Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia Shield apparatus for use in tunnelling or mining
US4192632A (en) * 1977-07-16 1980-03-11 Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia Support systems for mineral mining installations
US4334800A (en) * 1979-09-19 1982-06-15 Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia Tunnel drive shield
US4441838A (en) * 1983-01-03 1984-04-10 Metalex Element for tunnel-type metal shuttering
US5284404A (en) * 1992-03-31 1994-02-08 Hu Ming C Moving steel form system
USD359226S (en) 1994-02-09 1995-06-13 Trapp William B Adjustable arch support
US5444948A (en) * 1994-02-09 1995-08-29 Trapp; William B. Adjustable arch support
US20100005751A1 (en) * 2006-08-02 2010-01-14 Guenther Troester Substructure for a construction that is self-supporting without the substructure and use of the substructure
CN102877862A (zh) * 2012-10-18 2013-01-16 山东大学 基于矿用u型钢的约束混凝土定量让压拱架
CN103775106A (zh) * 2014-01-27 2014-05-07 华南理工大学 一种利用拱环加固隧道的结构及加固隧道的方法
CN106677806A (zh) * 2016-12-12 2017-05-17 中国矿业大学 一种用于井下巷道、隧道的管式棚架支护结构
CN106677806B (zh) * 2016-12-12 2019-03-26 中国矿业大学 一种用于井下巷道、隧道的管式棚架支护结构
CN110242315A (zh) * 2019-06-13 2019-09-17 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 盾构施工的模拟装置及模拟方法
CN110645022A (zh) * 2019-10-29 2020-01-03 中建八局轨道交通建设有限公司 一种联络通道自锚式模板支架系统及施工方法
US20220127804A1 (en) * 2020-10-27 2022-04-28 Southwest Jiaotong University Two-stage energy dissipation type shed tunnel support structure connected by principle of dougong and a design method thereof
US11535990B2 (en) * 2020-10-27 2022-12-27 Southwest Jiaotong University Two-stage energy dissipation type shed tunnel support structure connected by principle of Dougong and a design method thereof
CN114320397A (zh) * 2021-11-26 2022-04-12 陕西陕煤榆北煤业有限公司 一种超长工作面巷道超前支护装置
CN114320397B (zh) * 2021-11-26 2024-04-16 陕西陕煤榆北煤业有限公司 一种超长工作面巷道超前支护装置
CN114458340A (zh) * 2021-12-28 2022-05-10 中铁五局集团电务工程有限责任公司 一种大小盾构用隧道注浆装置
CN118148183A (zh) * 2024-05-10 2024-06-07 石家庄铁道大学 一种地铁上盖结构施工用可变式移动台车支架及施工方法

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Publication number Publication date
DK142774B (da) 1981-01-19
NL162712B (nl) 1980-01-15
NL7105650A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-11-08
CH534779A (de) 1973-03-15
NL162712C (nl) 1980-06-16
JPS5136541B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-10-08
DK142774C (da) 1981-08-17
AT308032B (de) 1973-06-25
FR2090508A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-01-14
DE2021734B2 (de) 1973-03-22
DE2021734A1 (de) 1971-11-18
DE2021734C3 (de) 1978-08-31
BE766124A (fr) 1971-09-16
GB1303912A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-01-24
ES390119A1 (es) 1974-09-16

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