US3809036A - Fuel injection apparatus - Google Patents

Fuel injection apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3809036A
US3809036A US00325743A US32574373A US3809036A US 3809036 A US3809036 A US 3809036A US 00325743 A US00325743 A US 00325743A US 32574373 A US32574373 A US 32574373A US 3809036 A US3809036 A US 3809036A
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United States
Prior art keywords
valve
fuel
movable
fuel metering
air sensor
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US00325743A
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English (en)
Inventor
H Knapp
R Schwartz
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/16—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for metering continuous fuel flow to injectors or means for varying fuel pressure upstream of continuously or intermittently operated injectors
    • F02M69/18—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for metering continuous fuel flow to injectors or means for varying fuel pressure upstream of continuously or intermittently operated injectors the means being metering valves throttling fuel passages to injectors or by-pass valves throttling overflow passages, the metering valves being actuated by a device responsive to the engine working parameters, e.g. engine load, speed, temperature or quantity of air
    • F02M69/22—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for metering continuous fuel flow to injectors or means for varying fuel pressure upstream of continuously or intermittently operated injectors the means being metering valves throttling fuel passages to injectors or by-pass valves throttling overflow passages, the metering valves being actuated by a device responsive to the engine working parameters, e.g. engine load, speed, temperature or quantity of air the device comprising a member movably mounted in the air intake conduit and displaced according to the quantity of air admitted to the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/16—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for metering continuous fuel flow to injectors or means for varying fuel pressure upstream of continuously or intermittently operated injectors
    • F02M69/26—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for metering continuous fuel flow to injectors or means for varying fuel pressure upstream of continuously or intermittently operated injectors the means varying fuel pressure in a fuel by-pass passage, the pressure acting on a throttle valve against the action of metered or throttled fuel pressure for variably throttling fuel flow to injection nozzles, e.g. to keep constant the pressure differential at the metering valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/30—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for facilitating the starting-up or idling of engines or by means for enriching fuel charge, e.g. below operational temperatures or upon high power demand of engines
    • F02M69/36—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for facilitating the starting-up or idling of engines or by means for enriching fuel charge, e.g. below operational temperatures or upon high power demand of engines having an enrichment mechanism modifying fuel flow to injectors, e.g. by acting on the fuel metering device or on the valves throttling fuel passages to injection nozzles or overflow passages
    • F02M69/38—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for facilitating the starting-up or idling of engines or by means for enriching fuel charge, e.g. below operational temperatures or upon high power demand of engines having an enrichment mechanism modifying fuel flow to injectors, e.g. by acting on the fuel metering device or on the valves throttling fuel passages to injection nozzles or overflow passages using fuel pressure, e.g. by varying fuel pressure in the control chambers of the fuel metering device
    • F02M69/386—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for facilitating the starting-up or idling of engines or by means for enriching fuel charge, e.g. below operational temperatures or upon high power demand of engines having an enrichment mechanism modifying fuel flow to injectors, e.g. by acting on the fuel metering device or on the valves throttling fuel passages to injection nozzles or overflow passages using fuel pressure, e.g. by varying fuel pressure in the control chambers of the fuel metering device variably controlling the pressure of the fuel by-passing the metering valves, e.g. by valves responsive to signals of temperature or oxygen sensors

Definitions

  • a fuel metering valve is controlled by an air sensor disposed in the air intake tube of an internal combustion engine for metering fuel quantities that are proportionate to the intake air quantities.
  • the pressure difference across the fuel metering valve is varied as a function of at least one engine variable in a hysteresis-free manner by means of an electromagnetic system including a coil armature and a permanent magnet.
  • This invention relates to a fuel injection apparatus for a spark plug-ignited internal combustion engine that operates on fuel continuously injected into the suction pipe in which there is disposed an arbitrarily operable butterfly valve.
  • the fuel injection apparatus is of the type which has an 'air sensor disposed in the suction pipe spaced from the butterfly valve and is moved against a return force by and in response to the throughgoing air quantities. The motion of the air sensor is transmitted to a movable member of a fuel metering valve which is disposed in the fuel line and which meters fuel quantities that are proportionate to The air quantities flowing through the suction pipe.
  • the fuel metering is effected under a constant pressure difference which is altered as a function of engine variables.
  • the pressure difference across the fuel metering valve is variable stepwise as a function of the position of the accelerator. Stated differently, the pressure difference is variable as a function of the load.
  • the ever-increasing legal requirements regarding the components of the exhaust gas make necessary a very accurate regulation of the optimal injected fuel quantities.
  • the catalyzers used for exhaust gas purification require for the practically complete conversion of the harmful components in the exhaust gas into harmless compositions and air-fuel ratio A that is close to l.
  • the pressure difference across thee fuel metering valve is variable by means of a'hysteresis-free electromagnetic system having a permanent magnet and a movable coil armature.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a first embodiment of the invention and FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a second embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 in the fuel injection apparatus illustrated therein the combustion air flows in the direction of the arrow into a suction tube portion 1 which is joined by a conical portion 2 accomodating an air sensor 3. Subsequent to the conical suction tube portion 2 the air flows through a connecting hose 4 and then into a suction tube portion 5 in which there is located an arbitrarily operable butterfly valve 6. Therefrom the air flows to one or more cylinders (not shown) of the internal combustion engine (also not shown).
  • the air sensor is constituted by a plate 3 which is arranged normal to the direction of air flow and which is movable in the conical tube portion 2 as an approximately linear function of the air quantities flowing therethrough. In case of a constant return force exerted on the air sensor 3 and in case of a constant air pressure prevailing upstream of the air sensor 3, the pressure that prevails between the air sensor 3 and the butterfly valve 6 is also constant.
  • the air sensor 3 directly controls a fuel metering valve 7.
  • a lever 8 which carries the airsensor plate 3 and which is pivotably held at the low-friction joint 9.
  • the lever 8 is provided with an integral lug 10 which actuates the movable valve member 11 of the fuel metering valve 7.
  • the movable valve member 11 is formed as a control plunger.
  • Fuel supply is efi'ected by means of a fuel pump (not shown) which drives fuel through a conduitl4 and directs ot to the fuel metering valve 7. From the conduit 14 there extends a conduit 15 containing a pressure limiting valve 16 which, in case of an excessive fuel pressure in the system, causes the fuel to flow back into the fuel tank 17.
  • the control plunger 11 is exposed to pressurized liquid through a conduit 20 provided with a throttle 21.
  • the pressurized liquid serves as a return force affecting the air sensor 3.
  • the metering at the fuel metering valve 7 is effected at a constant pressure drop by means of a differential pressure valve 23 which is formed as a flat seat valve having a stationary valve seat 24 and a movable valve member constituted by a diaphragm 25 separating two chambers 26 and 27 from one another.
  • the chamber 26 is in communication with the fuel metering valve 7 through a conduit 28. From the chamber 26 the metered fuel is admitted through a channel 29 in the direction of the arrow 30 to a quantity distributor (not shown) which distributes the fuel quantities uniformly among the individual fuel injection valves disposed in the suction tube in the vicinity of each engine cylinder.
  • the differential pressure valve 23 is loaded by a spring 31 in the direction of opening.
  • an electromagnetic system 34 which comprises an armature 35, a solenoid 36 wound thereon, a soft iron core 37, a permanent magnet 38 and a soft iron plate 39.
  • the latter is provided with a core 40 which extends into the solenoid armature 35 suspended friction-free by means of a leaf spring (spider) 41.
  • the leaf spring 41 and the diaphragm 25 are coupled to one another by means of an intermediate component 42.
  • the solenoid 36 may advantageously be energized by a circuit constructed as illustrated in FIG. 2 of the drawing accompanying and forming a part of the patent application of Knapp entitled Fuel Injection Apparatus, Ser. No. 322,382, filed on Jan. 10, 1973, and assigned to the same assignee as the present application.
  • the fuel injection apparatus described hereinabove operates as follows:
  • a change of the pressure drop across the fuel metering valve 7 has to be effected as a function of engine variables such as, for example, the oxygen content in the exhaust gas.
  • engine variables such as, for example, the oxygen content in the exhaust gas.
  • an oxygen sonde which is located in the exhaust line of the internal combustion engine and which varies the energizing current flowing through the solenoid 36 of the electromagnet system 34 by means of anelectronic circuit, such as the circuit disclosed in FIG. 2 of the aforementioned application of Knapp,
  • the solenoid armature 35 is drawn to a greater or lesser extent by the magnetic force towards the core 40, that is, in the direction of a slackening of the spring 31.
  • the quantity of the metered fuel can thus be altered by changing the differential pressure across the metering valve 7.
  • the closed loop feedback of the control signals characterizing the engine variable can thus be effected in a hysteresis-free manner by the particular design of the electromagnetic system 34 having a solenoid armature 35 and a permanent magnet 38.
  • the differential pressure valve 23 serves as a servo-control for an afterconnected fuel quantity distributor (not shown).
  • the fuel injection apparatus illustrated therein comprises a fuel metering and distributor valve 50, to which fuel is admitted from a conduit 14 through a channel 51. From the latter fuel is admitted into an annular groove 52 of the control plunger 1 1. Dependent upon the position of the control plunger 1 1, its annular groove 52 overlaps to a greater or lesser extent the control slots 53, each of which leads to a separate chamber 55 through an associated channel 54. Each chamber 55 is separated from an associated, separate chamber 57 by means of a diaphragm 56. From the chambers 55 the fuel is admitted through channels 58 to the individual fuel injection valves (not shown) which; are disposed in the engine suction tube in the vicinity of the associated engine cylinder.
  • the diaphragm 56 serves as the movable member of flat seat valves serving as second differential pressure valves. From the fuel conduit 14 there extends a conduit 60 which is provided with a throttle 61 and which leads to the chambers 57 of the individual second differential pressure valves. The fuel pressure in the chambers 57 is variable by means of the differential pressure valve 23 over the conduit 28. From the chamber 26 of the differential pressure valve 23 the fuel may flow, in the open position of the valve, through the channel 29 back into the fuel tank 17. I
  • the mode of operation of the fuel injection apparatus illustrated in FIG. 2 corresponds in essence to that of the fuel injection apparatus described in connection with FIG. 1.
  • the pressure drop through the differential pressure valve 23 variable by the electromagnetic system 34 as a function of, for example, the oxygen content in the exhaust gas in the internal combustion engine, modifies the differential pressure at the second differential pressure valves 59. Since the electromagnetic system 34 operates in a hysteresis-free manner and since in the ydraulic circuit there are no components that may be affected by hysteresis, the closed loop feedback of the signals characterizing the engine variable is effected in an error-free manner.
  • the readjustment is effected by the signal of the oxygen sonde in such a manner that the fuel readjustment occurs in an error-free manner to a A value which is close to I.
  • the air sensor 3 then overtakes in essence the preselection during transition from one operational range of the engine to the other.
  • a fuel injection apparatus serving a spark plugignited internal combustion engine operating on fuel continuously injected into the engine suction pipe containing an arbitrarily operable butterfly valve
  • said apparatus being of the type that has (a) a fuel metering valve including a movable valve member disposed in the fuel line of the engine, (b) an air sensor disposed in said suction pipe spaced from said butterfly valve, said air sensor being deflected by and as a function of the air quantities flowing through said suction pipe, (c) means for exerting a return force on said air sensor, (d) means for connecting said air sensor to said movable valve member to displace the latter for metering a fuel quantity that is proportionate to the air quantities, said fuel metering being effected at a constant pressure difference across said fuel metering valve, said pressure difference being alterable as a function of at least one engine variable, the improvement comprising a hysteresis-free electromagnetic system operatively connected to said fuel metering valve, said electromagnetic system including a permanent magnet and
  • a differential pressure valve formed as a flat seat valve having a movable valve member constituted by a diaphragm, a spring means engaging said diaphragm and urging the latter in'the opening direction of said differential pressure valve, said movable coil armature being in engagement with said diaphragm and urging the same in the opening direction of said differential pressure valve as a function of the energizing current flowing through said movable coil armature.
  • a fuel injection apparatus serving a spark plugignited internal combustion engine operating on fuel continuously injected into the engine suction pipe containing an arbitrarily operable butterfly valve
  • said apparatus being of the type that has (a) a fuel metering valve including a movable valve member disposed in the fuel line of the engine, (b) an air sensor disposed in said suction 'pipe spacedfrom said butterfly valve, said air sensor being deflected by and as a function of the air quantities flowing through said suction pipe, (0) means for exerting a return force on said air sensor, (d) means for connecting said air sensor to said movable valve member to displace the latter for metering a fuel quantity that is proportionate to the air quantities, said fuel metering being efiected at a constant pressure difference across said fuel metering valve, said pressure difference being alterable as a function of at least one engine variable
  • the improvement comprising A. a control valve having l a movable valve member, 2. a movable coil armature connected to said
  • conduit means connecting said fuel line at locations upstream and downstream of said fuel metering valve with said control valve for varying the flow in said conduit means as a function of the force exerted by said electromagnetic system to said movable valve member, whereby the pressure difference across said fuel metering valve is variable as a function of the intensity of the energizing current flowing through said movable coil armature.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
US00325743A 1972-01-22 1973-01-22 Fuel injection apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3809036A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2203018A DE2203018C3 (de) 1972-01-22 1972-01-22 Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage

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US3809036A true US3809036A (en) 1974-05-07

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00325743A Expired - Lifetime US3809036A (en) 1972-01-22 1973-01-22 Fuel injection apparatus

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US3809036A (da)
JP (1) JPS5538496B2 (da)
BR (1) BR7300461D0 (da)
DE (1) DE2203018C3 (da)
FR (1) FR2169126B1 (da)
GB (1) GB1418932A (da)
SE (1) SE376949B (da)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3942496A (en) * 1973-10-03 1976-03-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection system
US3946714A (en) * 1974-03-16 1976-03-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection system
US3963005A (en) * 1973-10-12 1976-06-15 Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. Fuel supply system
US3977382A (en) * 1975-09-15 1976-08-31 Borg-Warner Corporation Fuel regulator
US3994267A (en) * 1973-06-30 1976-11-30 Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. Fuel injection system for mixture-compressing, externally ignited, stratified charge, internal combustion engines
US4018200A (en) * 1973-10-03 1977-04-19 Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. Fuel injection system with fuel pressure control valve
US4099505A (en) * 1975-07-03 1978-07-11 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection system
US4147146A (en) * 1976-02-24 1979-04-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel supply system
US4150645A (en) * 1977-08-19 1979-04-24 Colt Industries Operating Corp. Circuit means and apparatus for controlling the air-fuel ratio supplied to a combustion engine
US4170204A (en) * 1976-09-30 1979-10-09 Audi Nsu Auto Union Aktiengesellschaft Fuel injection system
US4364361A (en) * 1979-02-21 1982-12-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection system
US4381751A (en) * 1980-02-22 1983-05-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection system
US20070044650A1 (en) * 2005-08-31 2007-03-01 Caterpillar Inc. Valve having a hysteretic filtered actuation command

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2339370B2 (de) * 1973-08-03 1978-04-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage für gemischverdichtende fremdgezündete Brennkraftmaschinen
DE2349688C3 (de) * 1973-10-03 1980-07-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage
DE2515195C2 (de) * 1975-04-08 1981-11-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage
JPS5244336A (en) * 1975-10-07 1977-04-07 Nippon Soken Inc Fuel control device used for an internal combustion engine
JPS53152651U (da) * 1977-05-07 1978-12-01
JPS53134116A (en) * 1977-04-27 1978-11-22 Toyota Motor Corp Fuel feeder for internal combustion engine
GB2001129B (en) * 1977-07-12 1982-08-04 Ntn Toyo Bearing Co Ltd FUEL FEEDING APPARATUS FOR air fuel combustion mixture
JPS5420222A (en) * 1977-07-15 1979-02-15 Toyota Motor Corp Fuel-supplying device for internal combustion engine
JPS5438440A (en) * 1977-08-30 1979-03-23 Toyota Motor Corp Air fuel ratio controller for internal combustion engine fuel feeder
JPS5438441A (en) * 1977-08-30 1979-03-23 Toyota Motor Corp Air fuel ratio controller for internal combustion engine fuel feeder
DE2933052A1 (de) * 1979-08-16 1981-03-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 70469 Stuttgart Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage
DE2950599A1 (de) * 1979-12-15 1981-06-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Ventil
DE3002458A1 (de) * 1980-01-24 1981-07-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Zumess- und mengenteilerventil
GB9104455D0 (en) * 1991-03-02 1991-04-17 Riley Peter A chair

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3703888A (en) * 1969-12-01 1972-11-28 Bosch Gmbh Robert Device for the fuel quantity control in response to operational variables of an internal combustion engine
US3728993A (en) * 1970-12-17 1973-04-24 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection apparatus including an air sensor and means for the direction-dependent damping of its movement
US3739758A (en) * 1970-11-07 1973-06-19 Bosch Gmbh Robert Regulator mechanism for fuel injection apparatus
US3783341A (en) * 1970-08-24 1974-01-01 R Beckwith Phase condition indicating circuit

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3703888A (en) * 1969-12-01 1972-11-28 Bosch Gmbh Robert Device for the fuel quantity control in response to operational variables of an internal combustion engine
US3783341A (en) * 1970-08-24 1974-01-01 R Beckwith Phase condition indicating circuit
US3739758A (en) * 1970-11-07 1973-06-19 Bosch Gmbh Robert Regulator mechanism for fuel injection apparatus
US3728993A (en) * 1970-12-17 1973-04-24 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection apparatus including an air sensor and means for the direction-dependent damping of its movement

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3994267A (en) * 1973-06-30 1976-11-30 Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. Fuel injection system for mixture-compressing, externally ignited, stratified charge, internal combustion engines
US3942496A (en) * 1973-10-03 1976-03-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection system
US4018200A (en) * 1973-10-03 1977-04-19 Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. Fuel injection system with fuel pressure control valve
US3963005A (en) * 1973-10-12 1976-06-15 Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. Fuel supply system
US3946714A (en) * 1974-03-16 1976-03-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection system
US4099505A (en) * 1975-07-03 1978-07-11 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection system
US3977382A (en) * 1975-09-15 1976-08-31 Borg-Warner Corporation Fuel regulator
US4147146A (en) * 1976-02-24 1979-04-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel supply system
US4170204A (en) * 1976-09-30 1979-10-09 Audi Nsu Auto Union Aktiengesellschaft Fuel injection system
US4150645A (en) * 1977-08-19 1979-04-24 Colt Industries Operating Corp. Circuit means and apparatus for controlling the air-fuel ratio supplied to a combustion engine
US4364361A (en) * 1979-02-21 1982-12-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection system
US4381751A (en) * 1980-02-22 1983-05-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection system
US20070044650A1 (en) * 2005-08-31 2007-03-01 Caterpillar Inc. Valve having a hysteretic filtered actuation command
US7210396B2 (en) 2005-08-31 2007-05-01 Caterpillar Inc Valve having a hysteretic filtered actuation command

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2169126A1 (da) 1973-09-07
BR7300461D0 (pt) 1973-09-18
FR2169126B1 (da) 1977-12-30
DE2203018B2 (de) 1974-04-25
GB1418932A (en) 1975-12-24
DE2203018A1 (de) 1973-07-26
SE376949B (da) 1975-06-16
DE2203018C3 (de) 1974-11-28
JPS4883220A (da) 1973-11-06
JPS5538496B2 (da) 1980-10-04

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