US3808864A - Method and apparatus for cold drawing or rolling of metal wire rod - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for cold drawing or rolling of metal wire rod Download PDF

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Publication number
US3808864A
US3808864A US00287354A US28735472A US3808864A US 3808864 A US3808864 A US 3808864A US 00287354 A US00287354 A US 00287354A US 28735472 A US28735472 A US 28735472A US 3808864 A US3808864 A US 3808864A
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United States
Prior art keywords
oval
wire rod
rolls
groove rolls
round
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00287354A
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English (en)
Inventor
T Bennet
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Morgardshammar AB
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Morgardshammar AB
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/16—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling wire rods, bars, merchant bars, rounds wire or material of like small cross-section
    • B21B1/18—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling wire rods, bars, merchant bars, rounds wire or material of like small cross-section in a continuous process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C3/00—Profiling tools for metal drawing; Combinations of dies and mandrels
    • B21C3/02—Dies; Selection of material therefor; Cleaning thereof
    • B21C3/08—Dies; Selection of material therefor; Cleaning thereof with section defined by rollers, balls, or the like

Definitions

  • a reduction series very often used in wire drawing is the oval-round series in which the wire rod is first formed in a pair of rolls to oval cross section and, immediately thereafter, in subsequent roll pairs is formed to a given round cross section.
  • the round groove rolls normally are positioned in a plane which is at an angle of 90 relative to the plane of oval groove rolls, the reason for this being that it eliminates the necessity of turning the oval shaped wire through 90, as is sometimes done in hot rolling and which requires substantial guide equipment.
  • roller die refers to a set of nondriven rolls of which the first roll pair, in the drawing direction, has oval grooves and the second roll pair has round grooves.
  • the two roll pairs are set at an angle of 90 relative to each other but the center line of the roll path defined by the two roll pairs are aligned and coaxial.
  • the foregoing problem is overcome by employing a roller die unit in which the round groove rolls are prestressed in opposite axial directions and the oval wire rod is introduced into the round groove at an inclination such that the ovality of the wire rod coacts with the prestressed rolls to return the two rolls to a centered position whereby a round wire rod is produced.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a conventional prior art cold wire drawing process
  • FIG. 1A is a view taken along line AA of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 1B is a view taken along line 8-8 of FIG. 1;
  • FIGS. 2A-D are schematic graphic presentations of the problem solved by the instant invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic illustration of the displacement of the rolls relative to each other which takes place with the prior art arrangement
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of one embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic presentation of the cold wire drawing process using the solution of FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates one arrangement of the rolls to achieve the solution illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a conventional roller die unit used in an oval-round series and comprises one roll pair I, 2 defining an oval groove 6 and a second roll pair 3, 4 defining a round groove 7.
  • Roll pair 3, 4 lie in a plane that is rotated by from the plane of the roll pair 1, 2 (see FIG. 1B).
  • the wire rod to be drawn is designated by the numeral 5. Subsequent to its forming to oval section, the wire rod is designated at 5' and subsequent to its forming to a round shape is designated at 5".
  • FIG. 1B shows in detail how the oval and round grooves are shaped relative to each other and, as is apparent from that Figure, the center line of the roll paths through both the oval and round grooves are in alignment and coaxial.
  • FIGS. ZA-D illustrate the problem solved by this invention.
  • FIG. 2A presents the desired theoretical relationship between the round groove 7 and the oval wire rod 5 as it enters the round groove. In this orientation, the major axis of the oval cross section lies in a plane which is perpendicular to the axis of each of the rolls 3 and 4.
  • FIGS. 25 and 2C illustrate the problem which occurs when the oval wire rod 5' enters the round groove 7 in an unstable condition.
  • FIG. 2B shows the rolls 3, 4 as being axially displaced in opposite directions which results from the oval wire rod being slightly inclined to the right as viewed in FIG. 28.
  • FIG. 2C illustrates how the two rolls 3, 4 are axially offset in the opposite direction when the oval wire rod enters the groove 7 inclined to the left, as viewed in that Figure.
  • FIG. 20 schematically presents the forces that act on the rolls 3, 4 to cause axial displacement of the rolls in the manner shown in FIG. 2B.
  • the oval wire rod is subjected to a rolling pressure P, due to the height of the rod exceeding the depth of the groove 7.
  • the wire rod is inclined such that its major axis is no longer perpendicular to the axis of the rolls, the wire rod is subjected to a torsional movement M,,.
  • the movement of reaction of the wire rod consists of a torsional resistance in the wire rod and axial forces P acting on the rolls 3,4.
  • the rolls 3, 4 will move axially in opposite directions until the play has been eliminated and the wire rod will then achieve a state of balance in which the moment of the axial forces P, and the torsional moment neutralize the moment caused by the rolling force P
  • the inclined position of the oval wire rod and the resultant and displacement of the rolls 3, 4 then produce in the final drawn product a wire rod having an ovality corresponding to FIG. 28. It will be appreciated that should the oval wire rod be inclined in the opposite direction to that illustrated in FIG. 2D, the same force analysis applies but the rolls 3, 4 will be offset in the opposite direction in the manner shown in FIG. 2C.
  • the magnitude of the axial displacement of each roll depends on the play that is present in the bearings and mountings and, further, on the elasticity of the material.
  • FIG. 3 is a graphical presentation of these factors wherein the portion above the abscissa represents the upper roll and the portion below the abscissa represents the lower roll.
  • the movement in axial direction which any point f of any of the rolls can be displaced has been plotted along the abscissa.
  • the points a and b indicate the total play in each direction as a function of the construction of the bearings and mountings.
  • the elasticity of the material, as a function of the forces l has been superposed on points a and b with the total displacement, for a given force P appearing from the points a and d.
  • the round groove roll 3 is prestressed in one direction by a force F, while the roll 4 is prestressed in the opposite direction by a force F, so that the play normally present is taken up at each roll in the direction of the prestressing.
  • Any suitable means such as springs, may be used to supply the prestressing forces F and F,.
  • the oval wire rod 5' is introduced to the round groove at an inclination. In other words, as shown in FIG. 4, the major axis of the oval is inclined a certain number of degrees from the 90 plane in which the rolls 3, 4 are normally positioned.
  • FIG. 5 shows the resulting relationship of the rolls and wire rod when the wire rod is fed in the manner illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • the desired inclined position of the oval wire rod relative to the round groove 7 can be achieved in several different ways.
  • One way is to turn the oval groove rolls 1, 2 through an angle of 2 to 10, as shown in FIG. 6. The same result may be obtained by turning the round groove rolls through the same angle but in the opposite direction.
  • Another method would be to incline one of the oval groove rolls, or possibly both of the rolls, so as to give the oval wire rod a helical shape.
  • Still a further approach would be to design the oval groove 6 asymmetrically in the oval groove rolls such that the axis of symmetry of the groove forms an angle of to 10 with the plane of division of the rolls.
  • step of feeding the oval wire rod at an inclination comprises positioning the oval groove rolls to assume a position which differs by up to about 10 from the conventional angle relative to the round groove rolls.
  • step of feeding the oval wire rod at an inclination comprises inclining one of the oval groove rolls relative to the other so that the oval wire rod is given a helical shape.
  • a method according to claim 1 wherein the step of feeding the wire rod into the round groove rolls at an inclination includes the step of passing the wire rod through oval groove rolls in which the oval groove is formed asymetrically.
  • Apparatus for cold drawing metal wire rod using a roller die unit comprising a pair of oval groove rolls for drawing the wire to an oval cross section and a pair of round groove rolls for drawing the oval wire rod to a round cross section, the improvement comprising;
  • said pair of round groove rolls being axially prestressed in opposite axial directions
  • said oval roove rolls being positioned in a plane which is es than perpendicular to the plane of said round groove rolls by an angle of up to about l0 with the roll path through said round groove rolls arid said oval groove rolls being aligned and coaxia 9.
  • said means comprises:
  • the oval groove in said oval groove rolls being positioned such that the major axis of the oval defined by the groove is inclined by up to about l0 from the plane of said round groove rolls.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
US00287354A 1971-09-10 1972-09-08 Method and apparatus for cold drawing or rolling of metal wire rod Expired - Lifetime US3808864A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE11494/71A SE369151B (fr) 1971-09-10 1971-09-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3808864A true US3808864A (en) 1974-05-07

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00287354A Expired - Lifetime US3808864A (en) 1971-09-10 1972-09-08 Method and apparatus for cold drawing or rolling of metal wire rod

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US3808864A (fr)
JP (1) JPS4856558A (fr)
DD (1) DD108221A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE2243893A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES406506A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2152711B3 (fr)
GB (1) GB1363199A (fr)
IT (1) IT967305B (fr)
NL (1) NL7212230A (fr)
SE (1) SE369151B (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4233834A (en) * 1979-01-26 1980-11-18 Sandvik Special Metal Corporation Method and apparatus for producing zircaloy tubes and zircaloy tubes thus produced
US20160114366A1 (en) * 2014-10-23 2016-04-28 Thyssenkrupp Ag Apparatus and method for the continuous and progressive shaping of metal strips to give a profile with longitudinally varying cross section
RU2703929C1 (ru) * 2019-05-21 2019-10-22 Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский технологический университет "МИСиС" Способ раскатки гильзы в трубу

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2105258A (en) * 1933-11-27 1938-01-11 Morgan Construction Co Method of and apparatus for rolling rounds
US2140414A (en) * 1936-09-05 1938-12-13 Brownstein Benjamin Continuous tube or bar rolling mill
US2369730A (en) * 1942-06-12 1945-02-20 Gustaf L Fisk Method of rolling metal bars
US3470722A (en) * 1965-12-11 1969-10-07 Gkn Machinery Ltd Rolling of rod stock

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2105258A (en) * 1933-11-27 1938-01-11 Morgan Construction Co Method of and apparatus for rolling rounds
US2140414A (en) * 1936-09-05 1938-12-13 Brownstein Benjamin Continuous tube or bar rolling mill
US2369730A (en) * 1942-06-12 1945-02-20 Gustaf L Fisk Method of rolling metal bars
US3470722A (en) * 1965-12-11 1969-10-07 Gkn Machinery Ltd Rolling of rod stock

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4233834A (en) * 1979-01-26 1980-11-18 Sandvik Special Metal Corporation Method and apparatus for producing zircaloy tubes and zircaloy tubes thus produced
US20160114366A1 (en) * 2014-10-23 2016-04-28 Thyssenkrupp Ag Apparatus and method for the continuous and progressive shaping of metal strips to give a profile with longitudinally varying cross section
US10035179B2 (en) * 2014-10-23 2018-07-31 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Apparatus and method for the continuous and progressive shaping of metal strips to give a profile with longitudinally varying cross section
RU2703929C1 (ru) * 2019-05-21 2019-10-22 Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский технологический университет "МИСиС" Способ раскатки гильзы в трубу

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL7212230A (fr) 1973-03-13
FR2152711A1 (fr) 1973-04-27
GB1363199A (en) 1974-08-14
FR2152711B3 (fr) 1975-10-03
DD108221A5 (fr) 1974-09-12
ES406506A1 (es) 1975-08-01
DE2243893A1 (de) 1973-03-15
SE369151B (fr) 1974-08-12
IT967305B (it) 1974-02-28
JPS4856558A (fr) 1973-08-08

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