US3807714A - Apparatus for the quenching of pipe - Google Patents

Apparatus for the quenching of pipe Download PDF

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Publication number
US3807714A
US3807714A US00274452A US27445272A US3807714A US 3807714 A US3807714 A US 3807714A US 00274452 A US00274452 A US 00274452A US 27445272 A US27445272 A US 27445272A US 3807714 A US3807714 A US 3807714A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
curtain
pipe
duct
wall
quenching
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00274452A
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English (en)
Inventor
J Hollyer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ludwig-Ofag-Indugas Ind GmbH
Original Assignee
Ludwig-Ofag-Indugas Ind GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ludwig-Ofag-Indugas Ind GmbH filed Critical Ludwig-Ofag-Indugas Ind GmbH
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/667—Quenching devices for spray quenching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
    • C21D9/085—Cooling or quenching

Definitions

  • the jet is deflected along the wall by a shroud coaxi- 1 1 References Clted ally surrounding the head.
  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for the quenching of pipe and, more particularly, to a device for the internal quenching of tube, pipe and like elongated hollow bodies.
  • a typical apparatus for the quenching of largediameter pipe may include a ring of nozzles through which the pipe is passed, the nozzles dispensing generally radial jets of the quenching medium against the pipe.
  • the apparatus is displaced axially relative to the pipe by movement either of the pipe or of the nozzle assembly.
  • External quenching is not, however, fully satisfactory for many purposes. For example, the high velocity streams of liquid are often reflected rapidly so that the liquid is not in contact with the external surface of the pipe for the somewhat extended period which is required for rapid heat removal. Attemptsto overcome this disadvantage by increasing the pressure or volume of the jet merely increase the cost of the equipment without a concomitant increase in cooling rate or efficiency.
  • external cooling may not provide the desired structure along the interior of the pipe which is cooled less rapidly.
  • pipe will be used to designate any elongated hollow body preferably of a cylindrical configuration and the term quenching to designated rapid cooling of such hollow elongated body, preferably after it has been heat-treated in a suitable furnace or kiln.
  • the pipe or hollow body may be formed by longitudinal or helical seam welding, by drawing, by rotational, centrifugal or core casting or by any of the other methods commonly in use for producing the elongated low-alloy steel bodies described above.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for the rapid quenching of heat-treated steel pipe and the like which will permit greater transfer of heat from the pipe to the quenching liquid, usually water, than has been possible heretofore.
  • the invention resides in relatively displacing a heat-treated pipe at an elevated temperature and water-distributing head provided with an annular outlet directed at an angle against the pipe, the acute angle being included between the water curtain and the internal pipe wall in the direction of movement of the pipe wall relative to the head, the vortex of the angle being turned in the direction of movement of the liquid curtain.
  • the pipe preferably at a temperature of about 800C, is advantageously displaced while the water-dispensing head is stationary.
  • the water-dispensing apparatus comprises the following essential elements:
  • a water-supply duct extending axially into the pipe and coaxial with the internal, preferably cylindrical surface thereof;
  • a water-distributing head carried by said duct at a free end thereof within the pipe and coaxial with the latter while being provided with a discharge opening which is annular and trained at an acute angle to the internal wall of the pipe;
  • a shroud surrounding the'distribution head and disposed coaxially therewith and with the pipe for intercepting the outwardly dispensed curtain of the head "and deflecting it at a somewhat lesser acute angle against the wall of the pipe so that the deflected portion of the curtain forms an obtuse angle with the inner portion of the curtain originating at the distribution head.
  • the distribution head advantageously is provided with a rotational symmetrical water-deflecting surface which is symmetrical about the axis of the head, the duct, the shroud and the pipe and which is disposed within the path of the liquid traversing the duct.
  • This deflection surface can have inner and outer flanks smoothly immersing with one another through an arcuate annular portion of the head, the outer flanks defining the initial angle at which the inner portion of the curtain is directed against the wall of the pipe.
  • the distribution head may include a generally cylindrical sleeve portion mounted on the end of the duct ane preferably projecting axially therebeyond while carrying, a head of the internal bore of the sleeve, a de flecting surface of the type described.
  • the deflecting surface may be provided on a boss connected to the sleeve by a water-distributing vane arrangement so that an undivided (continuous) annular gap is formed between the deflector and the mass of the sleeve.
  • the shroud preferably constituted from drawn or sheet metal or a synthetic resin, is advantageously of frustoconical configuration and is fixed by its apex to the deflector of the head, e.g., by axially extending screw or bolt.
  • the curtain of water ejected by the head thus has a frustoconical configuration which may be of the same apex angle as the apex angle of the shroud at the point at which the latter is connected to the head, or a different apex angle, preferably selected such that the apex angle of the shroud is less than the apex angle of the inner portion of the curtain.
  • the large-diameter base of the frustoconical shroud may be frustoconical in its own right with a larger apex angle, preferably greater than that of the apex angle of the inner portion of the curtain to intercept the outwardly spreading water curtain and directed along the inner wall of the pipe.
  • this arrangement whereby the angle included between the curtain and the pipe wall at contact is less than 45 and can be as small as preferably between and provides a greater duration of contact between the water and the wall of the pipe, reduced reflection, and constantly greater heat transfer to the water.
  • an essential feature of the present invention is to provide means for maintaining the free path at the smallest possible distance while nevertheless obtaining the appropriate angle of contact between the liquid curtain and the wall of the pipe.
  • the optimum angle has been found to be 22 as measured between the wall and the curtain in the direction of movement of the liquid. This relatively small angle requires lengthy free paths when small-diameter dispensing heads are used and pipes having internal diameters ranging between 600 and 2,500 mm (more than 1,000 mm on the average) are treated.
  • the means enabling the free path to be minimized is constituted by a shroud coaxial with the dispensing head and having an apron reaching in the direction in which the liquid is deflected into the path of the quenching-medium curtain to deflect the latter along the wall of the tube.
  • This shroud may have an inclination to the wall which is equal to the optimum inclination or may even be slightly greater than the optimum of 22.
  • the shroud defines a surface of revolution centered upon the axis of the dispensing head and the supply duct and is located at the free end of the duct upon which the dispensing head is mounted. More specifically, the
  • shroud is affixed axially to a deflecting body forming part of the dispensing head.
  • transport means is provided for advancing the pipe in the direction in which the quenching-liquid curtain is projected along the inner wall thereof.
  • the quenching liquid is introduced through the duct in the opposite direction and is deflected by a surface corresponding to a surface of revolution centered on this axis through an angle greater than in the opposite direction and outwardly against the wall.
  • This combination of shroud and dispensing head eliminates practically any backflow of liquid along the tube wall so that quenching occurs substantially instantaneously in the plane of the base of the frustoconical deflected portion of the liquid curtain.
  • the uniformity and reproducibility of the quenching process is found to yield a crystal or grain structure free from the inhomogeneities characterizing earlier systems.
  • the system of the present invention has been found to be particularly suitable for the quenching of heattreated pipe with a diameterof 600 to 2,500 mm as indicated when the pressure ahead of the distributor head is 5 to 10 atmospheres (gauge), preferably 7 atmospheres (gauge) and the angle of contact of the liquid curtain, measured in axial section between the wall of the pipe and the liquid curtain is precisely 22.
  • FIG. 1 is an axial cross-sectional view of a quenching apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-section taken along the lines II ll of FIG. 1.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 there has been illustrated an apparatus for the quenching of low-alloy steel pipe of large diameter, preferably diameters of 1,000 m or more, the steel pipe being represented at 1 and being displaced in the direction of arrow 2 on a transport mechanism such as the roller array 20.
  • the pipe is withdrawn from the heat-treating furnace 21 which may be of conventional construction and is preferably at a temperature between 800 and 900C.
  • the pipe is removed while the internal-quenching device is stationary.
  • the quenching device comprises a quenchingmedium supply duct 3 extending into the pipe so that its axis coincides with the axis 6 of the pipe 1, i.e., duct 3 and pipe 1 are coaxial.
  • the duct 3 is connected to a pump 22 which delivers water at room temperature (20 to 25C) at a pressure of 5 to 10 atmospheres (gauge), preferably 7 atmospheres (gauge).
  • a distributing head generally designated at 4 and surrounded by a shroud 5.
  • the distributor head 4 comprises an inlet sleeve 9 whose mouth frustoconically merges at 9a with the inner wall 3a of duct 3 and leads to a plurality of passages 12a defined between webs, veins or ribs 12 angularly equispaced about the axis 6 and extending readily within the sleeve 9.
  • the webs 12 form a spider and are joined together at a conically divergent cone 11 which forces the liquid outwardly and guides it onto a deflecting surface, generally represented at 7 to deflect the liquid through an angle in excess of 90 and form a liquid curtain 8 of frustoconical configuration.
  • the deflecting surface 7 comprises a generally toroidal channel 70 axially aligned with the passages 12a and spaced from the discharge end 9b of sleeve 9.
  • the toroidal surface 7a is tangent to a surface of the divergent cone 11 and is coaxial therewith while beings secured on the axis 6.
  • the rotationally symmetrical deflecting surface 7 comprises a frustoconical surface 7b which diverges in the direction of movement 2 of the pipe or in the direction opposite the divergence of cone 1 1.
  • the frustoconical surface 712 is tangent to the toroidal portion 7a and defines an included angle B of the liquid curtain with the wall. This angle B exceeds the angle 14 of the contact cone and may be in excess of 45, preferably 50 to 55.
  • the body of head 4 is carried by the divergent cone 11 and the webs l2 and has a frustoconical seat 10a terminating in a small base 10b to which the frustoconical inner portion 13 of the shroud 5 is affixed by a screw 16.
  • the inner portion 13 of the sheet metal or plastic shroud 5 includes an angle a with the pipe wall which may between and 45 and, advantageously, is less than the angle B mentioned earlier but greater than the angle 14.
  • the broad end of the frustoconical shroud is a frustoconical portion 17 which intercepts the water curtain 8 and may include the angle 14 with the wall of the pipe although the angle y between the wall of the pipe and this portion of the shroud may be slightly greater than angle 14 which is 22 where the pipe has a diameter of 1,500 mm and the water pressure is 7 atmospheres (gauge).
  • the water dispensed from the annular outlet 18 between the sleeve 9 and the body 10, is projected along the curtain 8 until it contacts the shroud portion 17, whereupon it is deflected onto the inner wall of the tube to quench the latter in a plane P.
  • External nozzles 23 may, of course, also be provided for simultaneous external quenching.
  • the tube having a wall thickness of 20 mm, was quenched substantially instantaneously from atemperature of 875C.
  • An apparatus for the internal quenching of a hot 6 pipe comprising a quenching-liquid supply duct extending coaxially into said pipe and displaceable axially relatively thereto; a distributing head mounted on and communicating with said duct and formed with an outwardly widening guide surface rotationally symmetrical with respect to the axis of said head and said duct for dispensing an outwardly conically diverging curtain of quenching liquid toward the inner surface of said body at a first included angle therewith;
  • a curtain-deflecting shroud having an annular frustoconical portion coaxially surrounding said head and positioned to intercept said curtain at a location spaced from said guide surface for deflecting said curtain onto said surface at a smaller included acute angle.
  • said shroud has a central portion axially connected to said body and extending frustoconically outwardly thereof at a relatively large angle of inclination to said wall in the direction of flow of said curtain, said portion of said shroud intercepting said curtain being connected to said inner portion and being inclined to the wall of said pipe at a smaller angle.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
US00274452A 1971-07-28 1972-07-24 Apparatus for the quenching of pipe Expired - Lifetime US3807714A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2137627A DE2137627C3 (de) 1971-07-28 1971-07-28 Vorrichtung zum Innenabschrecken von Rohren

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3807714A true US3807714A (en) 1974-04-30

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00274452A Expired - Lifetime US3807714A (en) 1971-07-28 1972-07-24 Apparatus for the quenching of pipe

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3807714A (de)
JP (1) JPS5233563B2 (de)
CA (1) CA972148A (de)
DE (1) DE2137627C3 (de)
FR (1) FR2147058B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1347445A (de)
IT (1) IT962859B (de)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3937448A (en) * 1973-05-21 1976-02-10 Sumitomo Metal Industries Limited Apparatus for hardening steel pipes
US4504042A (en) * 1982-02-16 1985-03-12 Kruppert Enterprises, Inc. Apparatus for heat treating steel
EP0507619A2 (de) * 1991-04-03 1992-10-07 Tubular Industries Scotland Limited Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abschrecken von Rohren
EP0742053A1 (de) * 1995-05-11 1996-11-13 KEG GmbH Kommunaler Bedarf, Technischer Handel, BeratungVerkauf Hydrodynamische Düse für die Reinigung von Rohren und Kanälen
US20050087501A1 (en) * 2001-04-18 2005-04-28 M-I L.L.C. Flow diverter and exhaust blower for vibrating screen separator assembly
US20080202743A1 (en) * 2007-02-23 2008-08-28 Miner Daniel P Downhole flow reversal apparatus
US20090218422A1 (en) * 2005-06-20 2009-09-03 Alwin Goring Nozzle and method for treating an interior of a workpiece
CN103602794A (zh) * 2013-10-29 2014-02-26 格林精密部件(苏州)有限公司 输出轴内孔热处理装置
US10316378B2 (en) * 2013-10-18 2019-06-11 Safran Landing Systems Canada Inc. Apparatus for quenching

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2453902A1 (fr) * 1979-04-09 1980-11-07 Vallourec Procede et dispositif de trempe en continu de produits metallurgiques allonges
AU575307B2 (en) * 1984-01-10 1988-07-28 Linstead Corporation Differential hardening of carbon steel pipe
IES20090473A2 (en) * 2009-06-18 2011-01-05 Aidan Francis Mullane A sewer cleaning nozzle
CN104593567A (zh) * 2015-03-01 2015-05-06 周玉翔 一种淬火头支撑式淬火架

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US620224A (en) * 1899-02-28 Tube-washing apparatus
US1587194A (en) * 1925-07-23 1926-06-01 Sidney C Sladden Self-propelling hose nozzle
US1959344A (en) * 1929-07-10 1934-05-22 Kobe Inc Process of heat treating steel
US2376515A (en) * 1941-11-21 1945-05-22 Buo Induction Heating Inc Apparatus for and method of quenching
US2396612A (en) * 1941-10-18 1946-03-12 Budd Induction Heating Inc Apparatus for heat-treating
US2901184A (en) * 1956-11-30 1959-08-25 Commercial Shearing Jet rings
US3294599A (en) * 1963-07-30 1966-12-27 Smith Corp A O Method and apparatus for heat treating low carbon steel

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US620224A (en) * 1899-02-28 Tube-washing apparatus
US1587194A (en) * 1925-07-23 1926-06-01 Sidney C Sladden Self-propelling hose nozzle
US1959344A (en) * 1929-07-10 1934-05-22 Kobe Inc Process of heat treating steel
US2396612A (en) * 1941-10-18 1946-03-12 Budd Induction Heating Inc Apparatus for heat-treating
US2376515A (en) * 1941-11-21 1945-05-22 Buo Induction Heating Inc Apparatus for and method of quenching
US2901184A (en) * 1956-11-30 1959-08-25 Commercial Shearing Jet rings
US3294599A (en) * 1963-07-30 1966-12-27 Smith Corp A O Method and apparatus for heat treating low carbon steel

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3937448A (en) * 1973-05-21 1976-02-10 Sumitomo Metal Industries Limited Apparatus for hardening steel pipes
US4504042A (en) * 1982-02-16 1985-03-12 Kruppert Enterprises, Inc. Apparatus for heat treating steel
EP0507619A2 (de) * 1991-04-03 1992-10-07 Tubular Industries Scotland Limited Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abschrecken von Rohren
EP0507619A3 (en) * 1991-04-03 1993-10-06 British Steel Plc Hardening pipes
EP0742053A1 (de) * 1995-05-11 1996-11-13 KEG GmbH Kommunaler Bedarf, Technischer Handel, BeratungVerkauf Hydrodynamische Düse für die Reinigung von Rohren und Kanälen
WO1996035523A1 (de) * 1995-05-11 1996-11-14 Keg Gmbh Kommunaler Bedarf, Technischer Handel, Beratung-Verkauf Hydrodynamische düse für die reinigung von rohren und kanälen
US5992432A (en) * 1995-05-11 1999-11-30 Hoerger; Kurt Hydrodynamic nozzle for cleaning pipes and channels
US7380672B2 (en) 2001-04-18 2008-06-03 M-I L.L.C. Flow diverter and exhaust blower for vibrating screen separator assembly
US20050087501A1 (en) * 2001-04-18 2005-04-28 M-I L.L.C. Flow diverter and exhaust blower for vibrating screen separator assembly
US7380673B2 (en) * 2001-04-18 2008-06-03 M-I L.L.C. Flow diverter and exhaust blower for vibrating screen separator assembly
US20090218422A1 (en) * 2005-06-20 2009-09-03 Alwin Goring Nozzle and method for treating an interior of a workpiece
US8561918B2 (en) * 2005-06-20 2013-10-22 Hammelmann Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Nozzle and method for treating an interior of a workpiece
US20080202743A1 (en) * 2007-02-23 2008-08-28 Miner Daniel P Downhole flow reversal apparatus
US7559362B2 (en) 2007-02-23 2009-07-14 Miner Daniel P Downhole flow reversal apparatus
US10316378B2 (en) * 2013-10-18 2019-06-11 Safran Landing Systems Canada Inc. Apparatus for quenching
CN103602794A (zh) * 2013-10-29 2014-02-26 格林精密部件(苏州)有限公司 输出轴内孔热处理装置
CN103602794B (zh) * 2013-10-29 2015-08-19 格林精密部件(苏州)有限公司 输出轴内孔热处理装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2137627A1 (de) 1973-02-15
FR2147058A1 (de) 1973-03-09
JPS5233563B2 (de) 1977-08-29
DE2137627C3 (de) 1974-02-14
FR2147058B1 (de) 1977-07-22
CA972148A (en) 1975-08-05
JPS4828309A (de) 1973-04-14
DE2137627B2 (de) 1973-07-19
GB1347445A (en) 1974-02-27
IT962859B (it) 1973-12-31

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