US3802683A - Containers for molten metal - Google Patents

Containers for molten metal Download PDF

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Publication number
US3802683A
US3802683A US00346458A US34645873A US3802683A US 3802683 A US3802683 A US 3802683A US 00346458 A US00346458 A US 00346458A US 34645873 A US34645873 A US 34645873A US 3802683 A US3802683 A US 3802683A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
sleeve
orifice
molten metal
flow
controlling
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US00346458A
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English (en)
Inventor
S Lee
J Duffey
C Jenkins
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J&J Dyson Ltd
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J&J Dyson Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by J&J Dyson Ltd filed Critical J&J Dyson Ltd
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Publication of US3802683A publication Critical patent/US3802683A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/14—Closures

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Means for controlling the flow of molten metal through an orifice in a container comprises a sleeve insertable into the orifice from outside the container and located within the orifice, and means adapted to move the sleeve axially with respect to the orifice, the sleeve being closed at its end towards the inside of the container and having one or more inlet holes in the wall of the sleeve at a point approaching the closed end of the sleeve communicating with an axial bore through the sleeve, the sleeve being movable from a first position in which the closed end of the sleeve is co-planar with the inside face of the part of the container containing the orifice, with the inlet holes lying
  • means for controlling the flow of molten metal from a container comprises a sleeve located within an orifice in the container and means adapted to move the sleeve relative to the orifice, the sleeve being closed at its end towards the inside of the container and open at its opposite end and there being one or more inlet holes in the wall of the sleeve at a point approaching the closed end of the sleeve communicating with an axial bore through the sleeve, the sleeve being such as to be capable of insertion into the orifice from outside the container, and the relative movement between the sleeve and the orifice being such as to move the sleeve from a first position in which the closed end of the sleeve is co-planar with the inside face of the part of the container containing the orifice with the inlet holes lying within and being closed by the orifice to a second position Where the inlet holes are exposed to the inside of the container.
  • the sleeve can simply be urged inwardly of the container until the inlet holes have cleared the orifice when molten metal flows through the inlet holes into the sleeve-and along the axial bore of the sleeve.
  • the invention therefore avoids the use of a stopper and therefore does not embody the known disadvantages of stopper constructions and by avoiding the pro vision of a well in the ladle bottom, eliminates the possibility of freezing taking place in the vicinity of the sleeve and consequently there is no possibility of the sleeve sticking. Also, because the orifice closes the inlet holes any molten metal lying within the inlet holes and the axial bore drains out of the sleeve and accordinglythere is no part of the means of the invention where molten metal can freeze, the invention therefore avoiding that disadvantage in known slide valve arrangements.
  • the sleeve and the part of the lining containing the orifice be of the same or different high quality refractory material, or ceramic material, such as silicon nitride or fused silica which have a very low and predictable expansion, and therefore capable of providing and maintaining an accurate smooth surface fihish to both the orifice and the sleeve.
  • the orifice through the container is in an orifice block set in either the lower part of the container wall or the container bottom, and the orifice block may be located within a support block that may be integral with or separate from the container lining.
  • the closed end of the sleeve in its closed position is co-planar with the top or inner face of the orifice block and the top or inner face of the support block.
  • the orifice block is held in place by a mounting plate suitably secured to the container casing or shell, which plate may also serve to hold the support block in place.
  • the outer surface (s) of the orifice block tapers, and is set with its end of lesser diameter towards the inner face of the lining, the orifice block locating in a correspondingly shaped bore in the lining or support block.
  • Movement of the sleeve may be effected by any suitable pneumatic, hydraulic, mechanical or electromechanical means, and may be a simple push/pull action or the sleeve may be rotated as it is moved, the means causing movement being suitably secured to the container shell and the sleeve such that no excess stressing of the shell and sleeve, and particularly bending moments applied to the sleeve, is caused.
  • mechanical means may be provided in the form of a cradle pivotally secured on the mounting collar and with the ends of the arms of the cradle suitably secured to the exposed end of the sleeve whereby pivoting of the cradle causes the sleeve to be lifted and lowered, the connection between the arms of the cradle and the sleeve being such that no transverse loading is applied to the sleeve.
  • two or more hydraulic cylinders may be secured to the mounting collar and to a plate suitably secured to the exposed end of the sleeve.
  • Activation of the cylinders by the admission of pressure fluid causes the sleeve to be moved inwardly and outwardly with respect to the vessel lining to open and close the means of the invention.
  • the invention therefore provides an extremely simple and efficient means for controlling the flow of molten metal from a container free from the problems of metal freezing with the consequent impairing of the performance of the device. More than that it may be simply arranged to provide a high degree of control of the rate of flow of molten metal.
  • the inlet holes through the wall of the sleeve may be elongate when the degree to which they are exposed beyond the inner face of the container lining dictates the rate of flow.
  • the inlet holes may be circular and spaced along the sleeve such that progressive movement inwardly of the sleeve first exposes one hole and then a second and so on, again to determine the rate of the flow up to the maximum permitted by the axial bore through the sleeve.
  • the holes, whether elongate or plain cylindrical should be inclined with respect to the plain closed face of the sleeve.
  • the exposed end of the sleeve may be formed such that the axial bore extends directly to the end of the sleeve.
  • the bore may be caused to diverge towards that end of the sleeve, and branched to provide a number of outlets.
  • a number of axial bores may be provided in the sleeve, each fed by a number of inlet holes, or that a number of sleeves may be provided in a corresponding number of orifices in the orifice block.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of control means according to the invention with its mounting plate removed;
  • FIG. 2 is an underneath plan of FIG. 1 but shows the mounting plate
  • FIG. 3 is a side elevation of FIG. 2 with the control means shown secured to a ladle bottom;
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional side elevation of the device of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 corresponds to FIG. 4 but shows the control means in the open" position.
  • Means for controlling the flow of molten metal from a container such as a ladle 1 is formed by a sleeve 2 having an axial bore 3 open at its lower end and extending to two generally transverse, but downwardly inclined, bores 4 emerging at the outside face of the sleeve 2 as inlet holes 5 at points below the upper closed end of the sleeve.
  • the diameter of each bore 4 is preferably equal to the diameter of the bore through the sleeve.
  • the sleeve is mounted in a housing block 6 of high alumina set in the bottom of the ladle and surrounding outlet hole from the ladle, there being an orifice block or liner 7 set in the housing block and in which the sleeve is a close sliding fit.
  • the orifice block has an external downwardly divergent frustoconical shape to fit in a correspondingly shaped hole through the housing block.
  • the orifice block at its lower end is provided with a collar 7A engaged by a correspondingly shaped locking ring 78. Therefore, any upward loading on the orifice block is taken by the locking ring which, by being suitably secured to the lining, transmits such load to the lining and not to the housing block 6.
  • the locking ring also serves to ensure that there is no transverse movement of the orifice block which might otherwise effect the movement of the sleeve.
  • the outside diameter of the sleeve is less than the inside diameter of the bore through the orifice block by an amount which, by virtue of the surface tension of the molten metal, is less than that which would allow molten metal to flow through the small gap between the two, but the gap being great enough to allow any expansion of both the sleeve and the orifice block without the sleeve jamming in the bore through the orifice block.
  • silicon nitride as the material for both the sleeve and the orifice block which, by having a low and predictable expansion allows a close machine fit between the two, or they may be of fused silica which has a very low but predictable coefficient of expansion.
  • fused silica it is preferred to have an overall tolerance between the diameters of the bore and the sleeve of between 0.002 and 0.003 inch.
  • the sleeve towards its lower end has a collar 8 secured between two clamping rings 9 themselves held together by bolts 10.
  • a locating lug 11 Secured to opposite sides of one (upper) clamping ring 9 is a locating lug 11, the locating lugs being a sliding fit in a slot 12 in side support members 13 secured to a valve mounting plate 14, the valve mounting plate being suitably secured to the ladle casing by welding or by bolts to serve additionally to hold the orifice block in place.
  • Also secured to the valve mounting plate are two supports 15 for pivots 16 for a cradle 17, the outer ends of the arms of which lie alongside and outside the locating lugs 11.
  • the arms of the cradle are provided with slots 18 towards their outer ends to receive clamp pivots 19 secured to the locating lugs 11.
  • the cradle 17 extends to an operating arm 20.
  • the sleeve secured to the arms of the cradle, it is capable of movement between two positions, that shown in FIG. 4 when the top (closed) end of the sleeve is co-planar with the top or inner face of the orifice block, the support block and the ladle lining and the position shown in FIG. 5 where the holes 5 are exposed to the inside of the ladle.
  • molten metal applied to the ladle with the closure device in the position shown in FIG. 4
  • molten metal is held within the ladle and the ladle can be transported from a point alongside a furnace to a position above a suitable receptacle (a mould) for the molten metal.
  • the metal in the ladle forms no more than a skull adjacent the face of the lining, there being no well in protuberance which would increase the cooling effect on the metal with the consequent danger of freezing.
  • the operating arm 20 is swung to cause the cradle to pivot about the pivots 16, the engagement between the clamp pivots l9 and the slots 18 being such as to cause the clamping rings 9 and thus the sleeve 2 to be lifted.
  • the engagement of the locating lugs 11 and the slots 12 in the side support members 13 ensures that the sleeve is maintained in a vertical position during its movement.
  • the slots 18 in the arms of the cradle 17 allow relative movement between the arms of the clamp pivots 19 thereby preventing any transverse loading on the clamping rings 9.
  • the sleeve 2 is lifted vertically until such time as the openings to the inclined bores 4 lie above the top of the orifice block .7 when molten metal in the ladle is allowed to flow through the bores 4 and 3 and into a suitable receptacle such as a mould.
  • the arm is operated to cause opposite pivotal movement of the cradle 17 to lower the sleeve 2 until such time as the openings to the bores 4 lie within the orifice block 7.
  • the cradle can be pivoted by an amount such that the sleeve 2 will be positioned with the openings to the bores 4 lying partially within the orifice block 7, the degree to which they lie below the top of the orifice block determining the rate at which metal will flow through the bores.
  • one of the primary advantages of the device of the invention is that it gives a position shut-off without the need for a stopper and without providing an area where molten metal can freeze, and the molten stream from the device is compact and steady due to the effect of the relatively long bore 3 and is not subject to divergence from the outlet of the bore thereby giving better ingot quality on direct teeming. Also, because the sleeve can be inserted into the orifice from below, the sleeve itself can readily be replaced should it be damaged during use without the need to dissemble the other refractory components.
  • the device may also be used to pour molten metal from tundishes in continuous and sequential casting, and with the sleeve extended it can be used for the submerged pouring of molten metals directly into continuous casting moulds.
  • the device can also be fitted in the bottom of metal refining furnaces, e.g., electric arc and basic oxygen process furnaces and used to teem molten metal from the furnace. It could also be fitted such that the sleeve is horizontally disposed and with the device mounted in the wall of a furnace at a predetermined level to provide an outlet for slag or metal.
  • Means for controlling the flow of molten metal from a container comprising a sleeve located within an orifice in the container and means adapted to move the sleeve relative to the orifice, the sleeve being closed at its end towards the inside of the container and open at its opposite end and there being one or more inlet holes in the wall of the sleeve at a point approaching the closed end of the sleeve communicating with an axial bore through the sleeve, the sleeve being such as to be capable of insertion into the orifice from outside the container, and the relative movement between the sleeve and the orifice being such as to move the sleeve from a first position in which the closed end of the sleeve is co-planar with the inside face of the part of the container containing the orifice, with the inlet holes lying within and being closed by the orifice, to a second position where the inlet holes are exposed to the inside of the container.
US00346458A 1972-04-08 1973-03-30 Containers for molten metal Expired - Lifetime US3802683A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1628672A GB1380121A (en) 1972-04-08 1972-04-08 Containers for molten metal

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3802683A true US3802683A (en) 1974-04-09

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ID=10074589

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US00346458A Expired - Lifetime US3802683A (en) 1972-04-08 1973-03-30 Containers for molten metal

Country Status (13)

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US (1) US3802683A (de)
JP (1) JPS4916628A (de)
AU (1) AU464589B2 (de)
BE (1) BE797866A (de)
CA (1) CA990952A (de)
CH (1) CH571373A5 (de)
DE (1) DE2317663A1 (de)
ES (1) ES413460A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2180125B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1380121A (de)
LU (1) LU67368A1 (de)
NL (1) NL7304759A (de)
ZA (1) ZA732246B (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4944497A (en) * 1988-03-23 1990-07-31 Radex-Heraklith Industriebeteilgungs Ag Flushing block
US5105873A (en) * 1991-09-06 1992-04-21 Warmington C Edward Casting operation emergency shut-off apparatus
US20110057364A1 (en) * 2009-08-09 2011-03-10 Max Eric Schlienger System, method, and apparatus for pouring casting material in an investment cast

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4573616A (en) * 1982-05-24 1986-03-04 Flo-Con Systems, Inc. Valve, clamp, refractory and method
JPS6415271A (en) * 1987-07-10 1989-01-19 Nippon Kokan Kk Device for controlling filling amount of molten steel
DE3726312A1 (de) * 1987-08-07 1989-02-16 Didier Werke Ag Verschlusskoerper fuer einen schiebeverschluss an einem metallschmelze enthaltenden gefaess sowie schiebeverschluss mit einem derartigen verschlusskoerper
DE3731600A1 (de) * 1987-09-19 1989-04-06 Didier Werke Ag Drehschiebeverschluss fuer ein metallurigsches gefaess sowie rotor und/oder stator fuer einen solchen drehverschluss
DE3744883C2 (en) * 1987-09-19 1992-07-09 Didier-Werke Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden, De Rotary slide valve
DE3826245A1 (de) * 1988-08-02 1990-02-08 Didier Werke Ag Schliess- und/oder regelorgan fuer den abstich fluessiger metallschmelze aus einem metallurgischen gefaess
DE3926678C2 (de) * 1989-08-12 1994-09-01 Didier Werke Ag Schließ- und Regelorgan für ein metallurgisches Gefäß
DE3939241C2 (de) * 1989-11-28 1994-09-01 Didier Werke Ag Schließ- und/oder Regelorgan
JPH03258455A (ja) * 1990-03-07 1991-11-18 Meichiyuu Seiki Kk 溶湯容器

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US460575A (en) * 1891-10-06 Ladle
US2787537A (en) * 1946-08-15 1957-04-02 Harley A Wilhelm Method of producing metal
CH403167A (de) * 1962-03-21 1965-11-30 Mikkelborg Gunnar Verfahren zur Herstellung von Ausschmelzmodellen
US3556360A (en) * 1969-01-15 1971-01-19 Nozzle Inc Gas stopper for a ladle
US3651825A (en) * 1969-10-24 1972-03-28 Francis P Sury Stopper plug valve for hot metal ladles

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2863189A (en) * 1958-02-03 1958-12-09 Harold S Beck Ladle nozzle construction
US3651998A (en) * 1970-09-23 1972-03-28 Metallurg Exoproducts Corp Nozzle for a pouring ladle
JPS517287U (de) * 1974-06-29 1976-01-20

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US460575A (en) * 1891-10-06 Ladle
US2787537A (en) * 1946-08-15 1957-04-02 Harley A Wilhelm Method of producing metal
CH403167A (de) * 1962-03-21 1965-11-30 Mikkelborg Gunnar Verfahren zur Herstellung von Ausschmelzmodellen
US3556360A (en) * 1969-01-15 1971-01-19 Nozzle Inc Gas stopper for a ladle
US3651825A (en) * 1969-10-24 1972-03-28 Francis P Sury Stopper plug valve for hot metal ladles

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4944497A (en) * 1988-03-23 1990-07-31 Radex-Heraklith Industriebeteilgungs Ag Flushing block
US5105873A (en) * 1991-09-06 1992-04-21 Warmington C Edward Casting operation emergency shut-off apparatus
US20110057364A1 (en) * 2009-08-09 2011-03-10 Max Eric Schlienger System, method, and apparatus for pouring casting material in an investment cast
US8501085B2 (en) 2009-08-09 2013-08-06 Rolls Royce Corporation System, method, and apparatus for pouring casting material in an investment cast

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2180125B1 (de) 1977-02-04
AU464589B2 (en) 1975-08-28
FR2180125A1 (de) 1973-11-23
ES413460A1 (es) 1976-01-16
CA990952A (en) 1976-06-15
JPS4916628A (de) 1974-02-14
CH571373A5 (de) 1976-01-15
NL7304759A (de) 1973-10-10
AU5411073A (en) 1974-10-10
BE797866A (fr) 1973-07-31
GB1380121A (en) 1975-01-08
LU67368A1 (de) 1973-06-18
DE2317663A1 (de) 1973-10-11
ZA732246B (en) 1974-01-30

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