US3800853A - Submerged nozzle for continuous casting - Google Patents
Submerged nozzle for continuous casting Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3800853A US3800853A US00072692A US3800853DA US3800853A US 3800853 A US3800853 A US 3800853A US 00072692 A US00072692 A US 00072692A US 3800853D A US3800853D A US 3800853DA US 3800853 A US3800853 A US 3800853A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- nozzle
- ring
- molten metal
- slag
- mold
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/50—Pouring-nozzles
- B22D41/505—Rings, inserts or other means preventing external nozzle erosion by the slag
Definitions
- Nozzles with submerged outlets are used in continuous casting plants to prevent oxidation of the steel on its way from the tundish to the mold or from the ladle to the tundish.
- the use of such nozzles also prevents slag particles and oxides from being washed into the liquid core of the strand.
- the exterior of the nozzle will show signs of erosion at the level of the surface of the molten metal after relatively short casting times. This is primarily due to the corrosive effect of the slag formed by the powdered flux which is continuously agitated by the movement of the steel in the mold.
- erosion phenomena may appear in the interior of the nozzle in the region of the outlet orifice, particularly when casting manganese alloyed steels. Such erosion phenomena often result in the nozzle breaking off where it has thus been weakened.
- the object of the present invention is to reduce the exterior erosion of the nozzles caused by chemical and physical action of the slag at the surface of the molten metal and to compensate for erosion in the interior of the nozzles in the region of the nozzle outlet to prolong the life of such submerged nozzles.
- this is achieved by concentrically locating a separate ring of refractory material around the nozzle. This ring extends downwards below the surface of the molten metal and upwards above the surface of the layer of slag.
- the inside diameter of the ring may exceed the outside diameter of the nozzle by at least 2 mm.
- the nozzles may be provided with protrusions which restrict the downward movement of the floating ring.
- Any desired depth of immersion of the ring can be obtained regardless of its specific weight by fixing the ring in a position which is determined by the desired mold metal level.
- the ring may thus be located by stops on the nozzle.
- the ring When used with a nozzle having lateral outlets, the ring surrounds the outlet openings of the nozzle extending vertically downward from above the openings, to provide support for the wall of the nozzle and to compensate for'the effects of erosion in the outlet area.
- the ring which may be threaded or otherwise secured to the nozzle, has openings which register with the nozzle outlet openings.
- FIG. 1 is a vertical section of part of a tundish fitted with a nozzle that extends below the level of the molten metal in the mold.
- FIG. 2 is a vertical section of the end of an alternative form of nozzle.
- FIG. 3 is a section taken on the line III-III OF FIG. 2.
- FIG. 4 is a section of the lower end of another form of nozzle.
- FIG. 5 is a section of the lower end of yet another form of nozzle.
- FIG. 6 is a section taken on the line VIVI of FIG. 5.
- the floor of the tundish l is fitted with a tubular nozzle 2 which has an outlet below the surface 3 of the molten metal in a continuous casting mold 4.
- the surface 3 of the molten metal is covered with slag 5 from a flux powder scattered on the surface of the molten metal.
- a ring 6 of refractory material which is substantially concentric with the nozzle floats on the surface 3 of the molten metal and protects the nozzle surface from chemical and physical erosion caused by the slag 5. Sufficient clearance is provided to allow the floating ring to rise or fall freely as the level of the molten metal changes. The extent to which the ring 6 will be immersed below the surface of the molten metal will depend on its specific gravity.
- the ring 6 In order to protect the nozzle surface from the corrosive layer of slag even above the layer of slag, the ring 6 preferably extends above the layer of slag 5 a distance that is usually several times the thickness of the layer of slag.
- spare rings 6,6" may be mounted on the nozzle 2 before casting begins to serve as replacements, should the ring 6 be destroyed by wear.
- Retaining means 7 which are shown schematically, hold the spare rings 6,6" above the level of the molten metal and layer of slag until they are needed.
- FIG. 2 shows a form of nozzle 12 having two lateral outlet openings 13 below the level 3 of the molten metal.
- a refractory ring 14 floats on the surface 3 of the molten metal.
- the inner corners l5 and 16 of the ring 14 are rounded, and the inner surface 19 of the ring is curved convexly to facilitate sliding and to prevent jamming between the nozzle and the ring.
- the clearance 20 between the nozzle and the ring should be at least 2 mm.
- Stops 17 in the form of bosses located below the level of the molten metal, prevent the ring from slipping off the nozzle 12, should the surface of the molten metal drop accidentally. Spare rings 14' and 14' rest on stops l7 and 17".
- FIG. 3 shows the stops 17 in section. They form bayonet joints with the recesses 18 in the rings l4, l4 and 14". The rings can thus be slid over the stops 17, 17 and 17" and are then turned by an angle of about 90 to become supported and retained by the next lower stop.
- a ring 46 is mounted on a nozzle 2 which is provided with bosses 42 and 43 located, respectively, below and above the ring and which retain the ring in a predetermined location in relation to the desired mold metal level 3.
- Ring 46 may, if desired, be provided with recesses similar to the recesses 18 of FIG. 3 to permit the ring to be moved up or down if necessary.
- FIG. 5 shows a nozzle 12 which has threads 53 and two lateral outlets 13.
- the ring 54 is threaded to the nozzle 12 and may be adjusted to a predetermined position in respect to the desired mold metal level 3.
- the nozzle 2 may also have only one lateral outlet opening 13.
- the ring 54 protects the exterior of the nozzle from the erosion by the slag 5 and also compensates for the interior erosion indicated by dashed lines 57 in the outlet region of the nozzle 2, which is particularly pronounced during longer casting times when casting manganese alloyed steels.
- the ring 54 may be shaped like a cup, having a horizontal bottom part to provide additional protection against a vertical metal break-through at the bottom of the nozzle 12.
- FIG. 6 shows a horizontal cross section of the nozzle 12 and of the ring 54 taken on the line VI--VI in FIG. 5.
- the outlet openings 59 in the ring 54 match the outlet openings 13 of the nozzle 12.
- other means of attachment such as a bayonet joint, may be used to keep the ring in the desired location against forces acting in the longitudinal axis of the nozzle.
- the rings 6, 14, 46 and 54 are preferably made of a refractory material which is chemically neutral to the slag. Mixtures of graphite and clay, as are conventionally used for manufacturing nozzles, are quite suitable. Other refractory materials may also be used, but they should be selected with due regard to the composition of the slag and the quality of the steel to be cast. It has been found that the above described rings are exposed to much lower mechanical stresses than the nozzles and can therefore be manufactured of refractory materials with a lower mechanical strength.
- the above described nozzles and rings may also be used between the ladle and the tundish.
- the rings may have an oval or flattened cross section when they are used for casting strands of a small cross section.
- Apparatus for protecting the inlet nozzle of a continuous casting machine from the corrosive and erosive effects of flux powder slag at the surface of the molten metal during the continuous casting of steel comprising a casting mold, a tubular nozzle extending into said mold having a discharge outlet adapted to be located below the level of the molten metal and slag in the mold, and a floating refractory ring surrounding said nozzle and concentric therewith, the interior surfaces of said ring being in close sliding relationship with the exterior surfaces of said nozzle and guided thereby but having clearance to permit said ring to rise and fall with changes in the level of the molten metal in the mold while preventing access of flux powder slag to the exterior of the nozzle during said rise and fall, said ring being adapted to extend downwardly below the level of the molten metal, and being adapted to extend upwardly above the level of the slag.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Devices For Medical Bathing And Washing (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH1393769A CH500790A (de) | 1969-09-16 | 1969-09-16 | Vorrichtung zum Giessen mit Giessrohren auf einer Stranggiessanlage für Stahl |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3800853A true US3800853A (en) | 1974-04-02 |
Family
ID=4396622
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US00072692A Expired - Lifetime US3800853A (en) | 1969-09-16 | 1970-09-16 | Submerged nozzle for continuous casting |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3800853A (fr) |
JP (1) | JPS5339372B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | AT308300B (fr) |
BE (1) | BE755610A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA922867A (fr) |
CH (1) | CH500790A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE2042897C3 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES383931A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2061732B1 (fr) |
GB (1) | GB1328700A (fr) |
NL (2) | NL141802B (fr) |
ZA (1) | ZA706251B (fr) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4257473A (en) * | 1978-10-02 | 1981-03-24 | Inland Steel Company | Continuous casting shroud apparatus and method |
US4401243A (en) * | 1976-10-13 | 1983-08-30 | Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft | Charging a mold for continuous casting |
FR2763011A1 (fr) * | 1997-05-07 | 1998-11-13 | Vesuvius France Sa | Installation de coulee d'un metal liquide et ensemble refractaire pour cette installation |
CN104107886A (zh) * | 2014-07-14 | 2014-10-22 | 张家港市广大机械锻造有限公司 | 一种新型中注管 |
US20220234100A1 (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2022-07-28 | Resco Products, Inc. | Refractory ring structure and related method |
US11724308B2 (en) | 2020-12-04 | 2023-08-15 | Refractory Intellectual Property Gmbh & Co. Kg | Refractory ring and refractory ring system and methods for assembling the same |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS63303679A (ja) * | 1987-06-05 | 1988-12-12 | Toshiba Ceramics Co Ltd | 鋳造用浸漬ノズル |
DE4003608C1 (fr) * | 1990-02-07 | 1991-06-27 | Didier-Werke Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden, De | |
FR2670145B1 (fr) * | 1990-12-06 | 1994-11-18 | Vesuvius France Sa | Procede de coulage d'un fluide dans un moule, dispositif et piece pour le procede et le dispositif. |
GB2345015A (en) * | 1998-12-23 | 2000-06-28 | Didier Werke Ag | Refractory shield for use in metal teeming |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2938251A (en) * | 1956-08-27 | 1960-05-31 | American Smelting Refining | Metal distribution for continuous casting |
US3050792A (en) * | 1959-08-27 | 1962-08-28 | Warner Mfg Corp | Apparatus for continuous metal casting and parts thereof |
US3349838A (en) * | 1965-06-04 | 1967-10-31 | American Smelting Refining | Float control valve for continuous casting |
US3370432A (en) * | 1965-08-03 | 1968-02-27 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Ice protective sleeve for pilings |
US3392888A (en) * | 1966-04-22 | 1968-07-16 | Vesuvius Crucible Co | Exothermically heated molten metal pouring nozzle |
US3459346A (en) * | 1966-10-18 | 1969-08-05 | Metacon Ag | Molten metal pouring spout |
-
0
- NL NL141802D patent/NL141802C/xx active
-
1969
- 1969-09-16 CH CH1393769A patent/CH500790A/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1970
- 1970-08-29 DE DE2042897A patent/DE2042897C3/de not_active Expired
- 1970-09-02 AT AT797270A patent/AT308300B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1970-09-02 BE BE755610D patent/BE755610A/fr unknown
- 1970-09-11 NL NL707013468A patent/NL141802B/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1970-09-12 JP JP7991470A patent/JPS5339372B1/ja active Pending
- 1970-09-14 FR FR7033269A patent/FR2061732B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1970-09-14 ZA ZA706251A patent/ZA706251B/xx unknown
- 1970-09-14 GB GB4386670A patent/GB1328700A/en not_active Expired
- 1970-09-15 ES ES383931A patent/ES383931A1/es not_active Expired
- 1970-09-16 US US00072692A patent/US3800853A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1970-09-16 CA CA093333A patent/CA922867A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2938251A (en) * | 1956-08-27 | 1960-05-31 | American Smelting Refining | Metal distribution for continuous casting |
US3050792A (en) * | 1959-08-27 | 1962-08-28 | Warner Mfg Corp | Apparatus for continuous metal casting and parts thereof |
US3349838A (en) * | 1965-06-04 | 1967-10-31 | American Smelting Refining | Float control valve for continuous casting |
US3370432A (en) * | 1965-08-03 | 1968-02-27 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Ice protective sleeve for pilings |
US3392888A (en) * | 1966-04-22 | 1968-07-16 | Vesuvius Crucible Co | Exothermically heated molten metal pouring nozzle |
US3459346A (en) * | 1966-10-18 | 1969-08-05 | Metacon Ag | Molten metal pouring spout |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4401243A (en) * | 1976-10-13 | 1983-08-30 | Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft | Charging a mold for continuous casting |
US4257473A (en) * | 1978-10-02 | 1981-03-24 | Inland Steel Company | Continuous casting shroud apparatus and method |
FR2763011A1 (fr) * | 1997-05-07 | 1998-11-13 | Vesuvius France Sa | Installation de coulee d'un metal liquide et ensemble refractaire pour cette installation |
CN104107886A (zh) * | 2014-07-14 | 2014-10-22 | 张家港市广大机械锻造有限公司 | 一种新型中注管 |
CN104107886B (zh) * | 2014-07-14 | 2016-09-28 | 张家港市广大机械锻造有限公司 | 一种中注管 |
US11724308B2 (en) | 2020-12-04 | 2023-08-15 | Refractory Intellectual Property Gmbh & Co. Kg | Refractory ring and refractory ring system and methods for assembling the same |
US20220234100A1 (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2022-07-28 | Resco Products, Inc. | Refractory ring structure and related method |
US11465200B2 (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2022-10-11 | Resco Products, Inc. | Refractory ring structure and related method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL7013468A (fr) | 1971-03-18 |
DE2042897B2 (de) | 1973-03-08 |
ZA706251B (en) | 1971-12-29 |
GB1328700A (en) | 1973-08-30 |
CA922867A (en) | 1973-03-20 |
CH500790A (de) | 1970-12-31 |
AT308300B (de) | 1973-06-25 |
DE2042897A1 (de) | 1972-02-03 |
ES383931A1 (es) | 1973-03-01 |
FR2061732B1 (fr) | 1975-01-10 |
FR2061732A1 (fr) | 1971-06-25 |
JPS5339372B1 (fr) | 1978-10-20 |
NL141802B (nl) | 1974-04-16 |
DE2042897C3 (de) | 1973-10-04 |
NL141802C (fr) | |
BE755610A (fr) | 1971-02-15 |
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