US3782843A - Road surface marking material and marked road - Google Patents

Road surface marking material and marked road Download PDF

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US3782843A
US3782843A US00153218A US3782843DA US3782843A US 3782843 A US3782843 A US 3782843A US 00153218 A US00153218 A US 00153218A US 3782843D A US3782843D A US 3782843DA US 3782843 A US3782843 A US 3782843A
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particles
marker
binder
layer
percent
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L Eigenmann
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3M Co
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Assigned to MINNESOTA MINING AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY reassignment MINNESOTA MINING AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: EIGENMANN, LUDWIG
Assigned to MINNESOTA MINING AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY reassignment MINNESOTA MINING AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: EIGENMANN, LUDWIG
Assigned to MINNESOTA MINING AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY reassignment MINNESOTA MINING AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: EIGENMANN, LUDWIG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D163/00—Coating compositions based on epoxy resins; Coating compositions based on derivatives of epoxy resins
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F9/00—Arrangement of road signs or traffic signals; Arrangements for enforcing caution
    • E01F9/50—Road surface markings; Kerbs or road edgings, specially adapted for alerting road users
    • E01F9/506—Road surface markings; Kerbs or road edgings, specially adapted for alerting road users characterised by the road surface marking material, e.g. comprising additives for improving friction or reflectivity; Methods of forming, installing or applying markings in, on or to road surfaces

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT The disclosure describes the provision on the pavement of streets and highways, of traffic regulating lines and signs having an upper surface exposed to traffic and consisting of the upper face of a layer secured on and to said pavement, said surface being essentially planar, smooth, neither receptive nor retentive of dirt and having high light reflectivity.
  • a plurality of protuberances jointly covering not more than 10, and preferably not more than 5, percent of the area of said surface are spacedly arranged thereon, each protuberance having a sharp tip formed by the upwardly projecting portion of crystal particles, such as corundum of hardness greater than value 7 of the Mohs Scale and firmly secured to said layer, thereby providing non-skid properties to said upper surface.
  • This invention relates to the art of marking surfaces which are exposed to mark-obliterating traffic, and more particularly to the marking of traffic lines and other directional data upon the pavement of streets and highways, by applying and securing road marking material on said pavement, whereby a marked road is provided.
  • the marks most commonly traffic lines, can be painted on the road surface or pavement, formed thereon by applying molten material thereto, or provided thereon by applying and adhesively securing preliminarily manufactured tape material thereto.
  • the thus formed or applied traffic line or other mark will therefore form, of itself, a part of the road surface and will be correspondingly subjected to the wear and progressively destructive action of traffic, particularly where such traffic includes fast and/or heavy vehicles.
  • This action is most severe when the vehicles are accelerating, braking and steering on the part of said roadway surface formed by the traffic line which, therefore, most also possess fairly good non-skid properties for safety of traffic.
  • the very purpose of such markings is to provide directional data to motorists. Consequently, such pavement and traffic data signs must be easily visible to motorists and be capable of maintaining such visibility for a long service period even if substantially worn.
  • the conventionally used granulated materials and some of the fillers in the rubber compositions of the vehicle tire-shoes or treads can include components having a hardness of up to value 7 of the Mohs scale and, therefore, such components can abrade the marking material components at the surface of the traffic regulating sign.
  • the closely spaced and small cavities existing between the granules at the surface of the sign readily accept and retain dirt, particularly the small rubber particles detached from the vehicle tire treads, and such a surface will rapidly darken and, in addition, is very difficult to clean.
  • an object of this invention to provide a new and surprisingly advantageous road pavement marking material which provides, in service, a road surface having both good non-skid properties and high visibility.
  • the new material of the invention is distinguished in that it has an essentially uniform surface possessing, both good non-skid and light reflective properties, is substantially non-receptive to dirt and dirt particles, and is more wear resistant than conventional road pavement marking materials when in' service, even when subjected to the most severe traffic abuse, abrasive and shearing forces.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide a new and advantageous marked road having a road surface, part of which is formed by the upper or exposed surface of a layer of predetermined configuration for providing a traffic regulating line or other sign, the said upper surface being essentially planar, smooth and so colored to provide high light reflectivity, that is to be properly visible to motorists, and being also non-skid, that is, having a suitably high adherence coefficient.
  • the new material comprises a base compound adapted to provide, when applied, secured and set on a road pavement so as to form a traffic regulating line or sign, an essentially compact, smooth and suitably pigmented surface having high light reflective properties (that is a highly visible surface).
  • the new material also comprises a minor amount of hard particles, each of which projects, in part, above said surface so as to form spaced biting points thereon.
  • the particles are advantageously formed from crystals having a hardness substantially higher than the value 7 of the Mohs Scale, and preferably not less than the value 8 of this scale.
  • the protuberances formed by said points, taken jointly, should cover no more than 10 percent and, preferably, no more than 5 percent of said surface.
  • Each one of the particles is intimately contacted by a binder which wets the particle when contacted therewith and which forms part of or is compatible with, the binder component or components of the said base compound.
  • the said particles consist of corundum (Al O hardness 9).
  • Other minerals can, however, be used, such as beryl (Be Al (SiO hardness 8) and other crystals or crystallizable compounds which can be found in nature or man-made, provided that they have a hardness substantially above the value 7 of the Mohs Scale and have very sharp edges and pointed ends.
  • the average dimension of each particle should preferably be not less than 0.1 millimeter and not substantially greater than 1 millimeter. Taking into account the cost of large crystals and unexpected findings of the invention, as explained below, dimensions from 0.5 to 0.8 millimeter and averaging about 0.7 millimeter have been found preferable.
  • the content of the particles in the base compound forming at least the upper layer of the material in service on the road pavement comprises between 5 percent and 20 percent by weight, preferably about 10 percent by weight, of said base compound.
  • the particles must be contacted by and maintained in intimate contact with a binder which, when contact is made, can wet the surfaces of the crystals.
  • a binder which, when contact is made, can wet the surfaces of the crystals.
  • the binder is selected from the group consisting of polyester resins, acrylic and metacrylic resins, polyvinyl butyrals, and, most advantageously epoxy resins.
  • Inorganic binders can also be used, such as, for example, silicate binders added to chlorinated rubber latex.
  • the marked road obtained by forming or applying thereon a layer of a marking material as above comprises, therefore, a traffic regulating line or sign having an essentially planar, smooth, substantially compact surface which is highly visible and neither receptive to nor retentive of dirt, said surface being, however, interrupted by spaced protuberances having sharp and pointed tips, the said protuberances not covering more than 10 percent and, preferably, not more than 5 percent, of the entire surface of the line or sign, the said tips being formed by upwardly projecting portions of crystal particles which are partly embedded and firmly secured within the layer and which have a hardness greater than 7 and, preferably, greater than 8 on the Mohs Scale.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 inclusive are fragmentary and purely diagrammatical vertical sectional views of surface portions of roadway pavement marking materials having different surface characteristics;
  • FIG. 5 is a fragmentary sectional view of a material according to the invention and produced in the form of a substantially plastic tape;
  • FIGS. 6 to 9 are graphs wherein certain findings, effects and features of the invention are visualized.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a purely theoretical surface S, which is supposed to be perfectly planar, smooth and compact, and comprises the upper face of a suitable pigmented and compounded layer made by painting, or forming or laying a tape material on a roadway pavement, said material comprising binder, filler and pigment components for providing a clear coloured (such as white) traffic regulating sign capable of reasonably resisting traffic.
  • a surface such as S above is neither receptive to nor retentive of dirt, rubber particles and so on, which are readily removed by wind, rain and traffic. It ensures good daytime and nighttime visibility until the marking material is noticeably destroyed.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a surface S, which is supposed to be the best, according to current art, for providing good adherence, that is, which is supposed to possess the best non-skid properties available from the current art.
  • a surface S is rough, that is, it can be assumed to comprise a plurality of closely spaced points P which are supposed to provide a grip for the vehicles wheels.
  • a surface such as S can be provided, according to the art, by a material including a large amount of a granulated filler, such as sand.
  • the points P will be more or less quickly erased and rounded off by the traffic, whereby a surface such as S, will become progressively less nonskid without appreciable improvement of its poor visibility.
  • FIG. 3 diagrammatically illustrates a more realistic surface S which is generally planar and smooth as the surface S of FIG. 1, but not completely compacted. It has minor cavities positioned here and there, in which dirt is collected and retained. If the sum of the surface areas of such cavities does not amount to more than 10 percent or, preferably, 5 percent of the entire surface S its visibility will not be substantially impaired.
  • a roadway pavement marking material adapted to form a surface such as at S and providing very good visibility as well as fair resistance to traffic and to weathering and, generally, possessing any desirable property except for a good adherence coefficient, is well within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
  • FIG. 4 broadly illustrates the concept of the invention.
  • a non-skid, high visibility surface Sp having percent, at least, of its area formed by a planar, smooth and satisfyingly compact pigmented surface S, with less than 10 percent of its area consisting of spaced protuberances, each comprising a sharp point P of a substance harder than 7 on the Mohs Scale and firmly secured to the body of the material.
  • the prevailing planar surface S is pigmented and formed from a compound adapted to provide the desired high visibility and, since the surface S is neither receptive to nor retentive of dirt, it maintains these desirable properties so long as the sign remains substantially sound.
  • Well sharpened points P covering about 2 percent of the entire surface Sp, have been proved to ensure a quite satisfying adherence, such as an adherence coefficient of over 40 when defined in terms of angle to the horizontal at which a force, corresponding to the weight applied to a loaded tire wheel, causing skidding (such as in direction T) of said wheel along the surface under test is directed.
  • adherence such as an adherence coefficient of over 40 when defined in terms of angle to the horizontal at which a force, corresponding to the weight applied to a loaded tire wheel, causing skidding (such as in direction T) of said wheel along the surface under test is directed.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an example of the manner in which such an improved surface Sp of the invention can be provided.
  • the body M of a suitably compounded and pigmented road marking tape material providing the desired high visibility prevailing surface portion S, there is embedded and uniformly dispersed nearly 10 percent by weight of corundum particles or crystals C.
  • the greatest dimension of said particles C averages 0.7 millimeter (compare the scale accompanying FIG. 5).
  • Each particle C is enclosed within a thin but adherent coating L of a binder which wets the particle when applied thereto, and which is compatible with the components of the base body M. Where the particles C project above the planar surface S, their coatings L will life of the traffic regulating sign.
  • the non-skid properties of a material according to the invention can improve upon actual use and service on the road.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates how the use of very hard particles has improved the life of the material.
  • Curve I/6 indicates the percent decrease of the thickness (percent Ts), which was originally 1.8 mm., of one of the best available tape materials, which has been improved by the addition of 10 percent by weight of corundum particles (10 percent C), upon extended service under heavy traffic, the length of service being indicated in terms of months (ms) on the abscissa.
  • Curve II/6 refers to a similar material wherein the particles, in the same amount and of the same dimensions (averaging 0.7 millimeters), were of quartz (I percent Q). The durability of the material is more than doubled when corundum particles are used instead of quartz particles.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates the importance of an intimate and effective binding of the particles to the base compound.
  • Curve I/7 indicates the proportional decrease in roughness (R), in terms of adherence coefficient, of the material of curve [/6 above during months (ms) of use in comparison with curve II/7 which refers to the same material, but wherein the particles had not been properly wetted by the binder when first brought into contact therewith.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates the effect of the dimensions of the crystals, in millimeters (mm.C), upon the roughness (R) or adherence coefficient; the curves [/8 and 11/8 relate to material including 10 percent by weight of corundum particles refer to freshly applied material and to material which had been in service for 12 months, respectively. It is seen that while smaller crystals provide for a very good adherence in a new material, bigger crystals averaging 0.7 millimeters allow a good adherence to be maintained over an extended service period whereas the use of still bigger but costly crystals can be considered as superfluous.
  • the graph of FIG. 9 has a particular interest because it illustrates that it is advantageous not to have the points P too closely spaced. It relates the decrease in the grade of whiteness (W, measured according to the Grey Scale British Standard, BS 2662/61) of the surface Sp (FIG. of a material to the percentage by weight (percent C) of corundum particles contained in the mterial, the particles having an average dimension of 0.7 millimeter.
  • W grade of whiteness
  • FOG. of a material the percentage by weight (percent C) of corundum particles contained in the mterial, the particles having an average dimension of 0.7 millimeter.
  • Curve I/9 refers to freshly laid materials and curve II/9 refers to the same materials after one year of service under severe traffic.
  • Example I A road marking tape material to be adhesively secured on a suitably prepared roadway pavement can be produced from the following composition, by weight:
  • Butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer having The above composition is actually a modification of Example 2 described in my prior U.S. Pat. No. 3,399,607, where the composition of the High reflectivity base strip component has been indicated.
  • the modification resides in the fact that, while in the prior art the filler materials comprised 28 parts by weight of micromized calcium carbonate, 14 parts of such carbonate has been substituted for by a corresponding amount, by weight, of resin coated corundum crystals.
  • This modification confirms that a good prior art material, suitably compounded for providing the most desirable visibility but having an undesirably low adherence coefficient, can be surprisingly improved, as far as this latter feature and property is concerned, by the addition of very hard crystals which are capable of forming sharp points.
  • Traffic regulating lines and signs can be made by painting the roadway pavement with a paint of the following composition:
  • Epoxy resin such as ARALDITE LY 556, by
  • polyester resin based, metacrylic resin based, polyester polyamide based and also chlorinated rubber based paints can be improved by the addition of crystals having a hardness well above the value 7 of the Mohs Scale.
  • a marker particularly for use on a roadway pavement so as to provide a traffic regulating indicium, comprising a base compound including a first binder and having a smooth, substantially planar and highly light-reflective surface adapted to face away from said pavement; a plurality of particles securely bonded to said base compound and each having a largest dimension between substantially 0.1 and 1 millimeters and a hardness substantially higher than 7 on the Mohs" Hardness Scale, at least some of said particles including an upper portion extending outwardly from said surface and comprising a pointed end portion, said end portions being spaced from one another by a substantial distance and imparting good anti-skid properties to said surface, and said upper portions together constituting at most 10% of the total area of sai d sur face, whereby the light-reflectivity of sai d marker is high due to the small fraction of the total area of said highly light-reflective surface constituted by said upper portions, and the dirt-retentivity of said marker is low due to the substantial spacing between said end portions
  • said second binder wetting said particles when contacted therewith and being compatible with said first binder.
  • said second binder is selected from the group consisting of epoxy, resins, polyester resins, acrylic resins, metacrylic resins, polyvinyl butyral and inorganic binders added to chlorinated rubber.
  • a marker as defined in claim 1 said base compound being in the form of a tape; and wherein said second binder entirely coats said particles, the thus coated particles being dispersed within said base tape.
  • a marker as defined in claim 1 said base compound being a paint; and wherein said paint comprises said second binder as a binder component thereof.
  • a marked road comprising a roadway pavement; and at least one traffic regulating indicium provided on said pavement and including a layer of a base compound having a smooth, substantially planar and highly light-reflective upper surface, said indicium further including a plurality of particles each having a largest dimension between substantially 0.1 and 1 millimeters and a hardness substantially higher than 7 on the Mohs Hardness Scale securely bonded to said layer, at least some of said particles having an upper portion projecting above said upper surface and comprising a pointed end portion, said end portions being spaced from one another by a substantial distance and imparting good anti-skid properties to said upper surface, and said upper portions together constituting at most 10 percent of the total area of said upper surface, whereby the light-reflectivity of said indicium is high due to the small fraction of the total area of said highly lightreflective upper surface constituted by said upper portions, and the dirt-retentivity of said indicium is low due to the substantial spacing between said end portions which makes it difficult for dirt to be retained in the flat

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US00153218A 1970-06-16 1971-06-15 Road surface marking material and marked road Expired - Lifetime US3782843A (en)

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Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3935365A (en) * 1973-01-22 1976-01-27 Ludwig Eigenmann Anti-skid and wear-resisting road marking tape material
US3958891A (en) * 1973-03-12 1976-05-25 Ludwig Eigenmann Aggregate elements for improving anti-skid and visibility properties of traffic regulating markings on roadway pavements
US4020211A (en) * 1971-06-15 1977-04-26 Ludwig Eigenmann Anti-skid and wear resistant road surface marking material
US4146635A (en) * 1976-04-15 1979-03-27 Ludwig Eigenmann Anti-skid, wear- and stress-resisting road marking tape material
US4282281A (en) * 1979-11-02 1981-08-04 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Long-lived heavy-duty pavement marking
USRE31669E (en) * 1976-04-15 1984-09-11 Anti-skid, wear- and stress-resisting road marking tape material
EP0322671A3 (en) * 1987-12-24 1990-03-14 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Composite roughening and retroreflecting element consisting of a cluster, for horizontal road markings
US5422162A (en) * 1991-11-29 1995-06-06 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Pavement marking tape with support base comprising a highly saturated acrylonitrile elastomer grafted with a zinc salt of methyacrylic acid
US5478596A (en) * 1994-05-13 1995-12-26 Gurney; Richard S. Stripping composition and method for stripping a road or highway surface
US5643655A (en) * 1992-05-04 1997-07-01 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Conformable pavement marking tape
US5825544A (en) * 1997-04-11 1998-10-20 Poisson; Rejean Road surface light reflector
JP2000273831A (ja) * 1999-03-26 2000-10-03 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Co <3M> 路面標示体及びその製造方法
WO2003037128A1 (en) * 2001-11-01 2003-05-08 Old Soles, Llc. Method for modifying traction surfaces using corundum particles
US6632506B1 (en) 1998-04-23 2003-10-14 Consumer Care Products Inc. High-visibility traction tape having embedded particle traction surface
US6699577B2 (en) * 1998-07-29 2004-03-02 Ishihara Sangyo Kaisha, Ltd. Air purification-functioning road and method for purifying polluted air over road
WO2014197993A1 (en) * 2013-06-14 2014-12-18 Janeway David G Freeze-thaw and abrasion resistant road markings
US10344133B2 (en) 2013-09-06 2019-07-09 3M Innovative Properties Company Pavement marking tape with modified polyurethane topcoat
CZ308230B6 (cs) * 2010-11-11 2020-03-11 Centrum dopravního výzkumu, v.v.i. Horizontální vrstevné dopravní značení
CN112435490A (zh) * 2020-12-07 2021-03-02 江西崇政科技有限公司 一种太阳能交通信号灯
CN112431152A (zh) * 2020-12-07 2021-03-02 江西崇政科技有限公司 一种基于无线同步的太阳能警示灯

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1001490B (it) * 1972-05-24 1976-04-20 Eigenmann Ludwig Perfezionamento ai materiali per segnaletica stradale orizzontale e relativi materiali perfezionati ad alta visibilita aderenza e resi stenza all usura
DE2221769A1 (de) * 1972-05-04 1973-11-15 Basf Farben & Fasern Mit einer markierung versehene verkehrsflaechen und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung
GB1567527A (en) * 1976-04-15 1980-05-14 Eigenmann Ludwig Anti-skid wear- and stress-resisting road marking tape material
JPH0745723B2 (ja) * 1984-10-22 1995-05-17 アトム化学塗料株式会社 高輝度路面標示用シ−ト材
CN102888808A (zh) * 2012-11-02 2013-01-23 重庆诚邦路面材料有限公司 一种沥青混凝土路面表层微处理方法
CN106497271A (zh) * 2016-10-21 2017-03-15 山西省交通科学研究院 一种功能型道路标线及其制备方法

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US1986591A (en) * 1933-01-14 1935-01-01 Edward B Meyer Pavement marking
US2216250A (en) * 1935-08-20 1940-10-01 Henry P Nelson Stair tread and floor slab surfacing
US2246898A (en) * 1938-04-16 1941-06-24 American Abrasive Metals Compa Nonslip wear-resistant tread
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US2948201A (en) * 1960-03-09 1960-08-09 Reliance Steel Prod Co Pavement and method of producing the same
US3334555A (en) * 1964-04-29 1967-08-08 Reliance Steel Prod Co Paving utilizing epoxy resin
US3396641A (en) * 1964-12-16 1968-08-13 Welty Fabrication of slag surfaces and structures
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US3565661A (en) * 1968-01-12 1971-02-23 Welwyn Plastics 1955 Ltd Floor coverings and the like

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1986591A (en) * 1933-01-14 1935-01-01 Edward B Meyer Pavement marking
US2216250A (en) * 1935-08-20 1940-10-01 Henry P Nelson Stair tread and floor slab surfacing
US2246898A (en) * 1938-04-16 1941-06-24 American Abrasive Metals Compa Nonslip wear-resistant tread
US2294491A (en) * 1940-03-16 1942-09-01 Eastern Malleable Iron Company Malleable iron casting
US2330365A (en) * 1940-08-02 1943-09-28 James O Jackson Abrasion resistant coating
US2706936A (en) * 1948-06-21 1955-04-26 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Anti-skid surface covering
US2948201A (en) * 1960-03-09 1960-08-09 Reliance Steel Prod Co Pavement and method of producing the same
US3334555A (en) * 1964-04-29 1967-08-08 Reliance Steel Prod Co Paving utilizing epoxy resin
US3396641A (en) * 1964-12-16 1968-08-13 Welty Fabrication of slag surfaces and structures
US3459106A (en) * 1965-11-12 1969-08-05 Little Inc A Highway marking compositions and method
US3565661A (en) * 1968-01-12 1971-02-23 Welwyn Plastics 1955 Ltd Floor coverings and the like

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4020211A (en) * 1971-06-15 1977-04-26 Ludwig Eigenmann Anti-skid and wear resistant road surface marking material
US3935365A (en) * 1973-01-22 1976-01-27 Ludwig Eigenmann Anti-skid and wear-resisting road marking tape material
US3958891A (en) * 1973-03-12 1976-05-25 Ludwig Eigenmann Aggregate elements for improving anti-skid and visibility properties of traffic regulating markings on roadway pavements
US4146635A (en) * 1976-04-15 1979-03-27 Ludwig Eigenmann Anti-skid, wear- and stress-resisting road marking tape material
USRE31669E (en) * 1976-04-15 1984-09-11 Anti-skid, wear- and stress-resisting road marking tape material
US4282281A (en) * 1979-11-02 1981-08-04 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Long-lived heavy-duty pavement marking
EP0322671A3 (en) * 1987-12-24 1990-03-14 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Composite roughening and retroreflecting element consisting of a cluster, for horizontal road markings
US5422162A (en) * 1991-11-29 1995-06-06 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Pavement marking tape with support base comprising a highly saturated acrylonitrile elastomer grafted with a zinc salt of methyacrylic acid
US5643655A (en) * 1992-05-04 1997-07-01 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Conformable pavement marking tape
US6027764A (en) * 1994-05-13 2000-02-22 Barbara Ann Gurney Striping composition and method for striping a road or highway surface
US5478596A (en) * 1994-05-13 1995-12-26 Gurney; Richard S. Stripping composition and method for stripping a road or highway surface
US5709908A (en) * 1994-05-13 1998-01-20 Barbara Ann Gurney Stripping composition and method for stripping a road or highway surface
US5825544A (en) * 1997-04-11 1998-10-20 Poisson; Rejean Road surface light reflector
US6632506B1 (en) 1998-04-23 2003-10-14 Consumer Care Products Inc. High-visibility traction tape having embedded particle traction surface
US6699577B2 (en) * 1998-07-29 2004-03-02 Ishihara Sangyo Kaisha, Ltd. Air purification-functioning road and method for purifying polluted air over road
JP2000273831A (ja) * 1999-03-26 2000-10-03 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Co <3M> 路面標示体及びその製造方法
WO2000058561A1 (en) * 1999-03-26 2000-10-05 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Pavement marking article and method of producing
US6412957B1 (en) 1999-03-26 2002-07-02 3M Innovative Properties Company Pavement marking article and method of producing
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CZ308230B6 (cs) * 2010-11-11 2020-03-11 Centrum dopravního výzkumu, v.v.i. Horizontální vrstevné dopravní značení
WO2014197993A1 (en) * 2013-06-14 2014-12-18 Janeway David G Freeze-thaw and abrasion resistant road markings
US10344133B2 (en) 2013-09-06 2019-07-09 3M Innovative Properties Company Pavement marking tape with modified polyurethane topcoat
CN112435490A (zh) * 2020-12-07 2021-03-02 江西崇政科技有限公司 一种太阳能交通信号灯
CN112431152A (zh) * 2020-12-07 2021-03-02 江西崇政科技有限公司 一种基于无线同步的太阳能警示灯

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GB1359036A (en) 1974-07-03
DE2130529A1 (de) 1971-12-23
SE361694B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-11-12
JPS5420778B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1979-07-25
CA929696A (en) 1973-07-03
FR2097941A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-03-03
BE768577A (fr) 1971-11-03
NL7108294A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-12-20

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