US3771473A - Tuyere for a blast furnace and a method for operating the tuyere to atomize combustible material fed into the tuyere by a shock wave - Google Patents

Tuyere for a blast furnace and a method for operating the tuyere to atomize combustible material fed into the tuyere by a shock wave Download PDF

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Publication number
US3771473A
US3771473A US00218962A US3771473DA US3771473A US 3771473 A US3771473 A US 3771473A US 00218962 A US00218962 A US 00218962A US 3771473D A US3771473D A US 3771473DA US 3771473 A US3771473 A US 3771473A
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Prior art keywords
tuyere
pressure
membrane
neck
upstream
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US00218962A
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English (en)
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D Borgnat
Casa H Della
N Jusseau
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Institut de Recherches de la Siderurgie Francaise IRSID
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Institut de Recherches de la Siderurgie Francaise IRSID
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/34—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space by ultrasonic means or other kinds of vibrations
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
    • C21B7/16—Tuyéres

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A method and an arrangement for operating a supersonic tuyere having a convergent and a divergent passage portion separated by a-neck in such a manner so as to produce in the divergent passage portion a shock wave to atomize a combustible material fed in the region of the neck into the tuyere.
  • the shock wave is produced by more or less restricting the open cross section of the neck, preferably by adjusting the axial position of a solid body in the convergent portion of the tuyere with respect to the neck, to maintain the pressure of a combustion sustaining material fed into the tuyere upstream of the convergene portion, during variation of the fed amount of such material within predetermined limits, at such a magnitude to assure production of a shock wave at the divergent portion.
  • the present invention relates to a supersonic tuyere and a method of operating the same to assure that flowable, preferably liquid combustible material fed into the tuyere is properly atomized before entering into a blast furnace.
  • the present invention provides for a supersonic tuyere for blast furnaces in which the atomization of the combustible material is obtained by means of a shock wave produced in the divergent portion of the tuyere.
  • the invention relates to a method to maintain, in a supersonic tuyere for the injection of combustible material, the pressure upstream of the divergent passage portion of the tuyere at least equal to a minimum pressure which assures formation of a shock wave in the divergent passage portion, despite relatively large variations of the flow rate of the combustion sustaining material as practically encountered during use of such tuyeres.
  • the pressure upstream of the convergent portion is compared with a reference pressure and the free area of the sonic neck of the tuyere is modified, preferably by axially displacing a central body arranged substantially coaxially in the convergent passage portion with reference to the neck in order to maintain the pressure at the upstream end of the tuyere in all cases at least equal to a minimum pressure which guarantees formation of a shock wave in the divergent passage portion, when the flow rate of the combustion sustaining material is varied within predetermined limits.
  • the pressure upstream of the convergent portion of the tuyere is compared with a reference pressure, representing a pressure upstream of the tuyere of a magnitude which guarantees the formation of a shock wave in the divergent passage portion, and the central body is displaced with reference to the neck in the tuyere in such a manner to maintain the upstream pressure substantially equal to said reference pressure whenever the flow rate of the blast through the tuyere is changed.
  • the reference pressure may be an absolute, regulated pressure or a pressure measured at a downstream end of the tuyere to which a pressure differential A P is added, the value of which guarantees the formation of a shock wave in the divergent passage portion of the tuyere when the pressure at the downstream end of the tuyere is changed within limits as encountered during operation of the tuyere.
  • the arrangement comprises a tuyere having a convergent passage portion and a divergent passage portion separated by a neck, means for feeding a combustion sustaining material, at an amount which may vary between predetermined limits, upstream of said convergent portion into the tuyere, means for feeding a combustible material in the region of the neck into the tuyere, a solid body arranged in the convergent portion and axially movable with respect thereto, means connected to the body for adjusting the position thereof relative to the neck, means to detect the pressure in the tuyere upstream of the convergent portion, means to furnish a reference pressure, means to compare said upstream pressure with said reference pressure and to produce a signal corresponding to the difference between these pressures, and means to transmit the thus obtained signal to the means to adjust the axial position of the body in order to displace the latter as a function of the magnitude of the signal in order to maintain the
  • the means for comparing the upstream pressure with a reference pressure comprise an enclosure having two compartments separated by a flexible membrane in which one face of the membrane is subjected to the aforementioned upstream pressure and the other face to the reference pressure.
  • the flexible membrane is then deflected under the influence of the difference of the two pressures and such deflection constitutes a signal which is transmitted to the central body by connecting the deflected portion of the membrane to the central body.
  • Such connecting means may comprise a simple mechanical connection or a more complex connection, for instance, electromechanical or fluid operated means operatively connected to the deflected portion of the membrane and to the central body to move the latter in axial direction corresponding to the deflection of the membrane portion.
  • the reference pressure comprises the pressure at the downstream end of the tuyere to which a pressure differential A P is added which has a magnitude to assure formation of a shock wave at the divergent passage portion of the tuyere.
  • one of the two compartments of the enclosure may contain means to produce in the membrane a permanent deformation corresponding to the aforementioned pressure differential.
  • the present invention preferably also comprises means for cooling some elements of the arrangement, such as the aforementioned central body, which are exposed to heat radiation produced by the combustion of the material passing through the tuyere at the downstream end thereof.
  • Such cooling means may be constituted by means for circulating a cooling fluid through such elements which are subjected to heating or by a solid member of high heat conductive characteristics which is cooled at one end and which contacts at the other end those elements in which rise of the temperature beyond a certain temperature should be prevented.
  • the invention is concerned with finding a solution to the problem to properly regulate the output of a tuyere, to calculate a tuyere starting with a predetermined inlet pressure to obtain a perfect atomization of the combustible material fed into the tuyere, to vary the free cross section of the neck of the tuyere in accordance with variations of the flow rate of the blast in order to maintain the pressure upstream of the convergent passage portion at a pressure which assures production of a shock wave in the divergent passage portion.
  • m KPil vTi-Ac wherein m is the mass output of the tuyere
  • Pi the pressure upstream of the convergent passage portion; Ti the temperature of the gas or blast introduced into the tuyere; and Ac the free cross section of the neck of the tuyere.
  • the mass output that is either to vary Pi or to vary the free cross section of the neck. Since the magnitude of Pi is the sum of the atmospheric pressure plus the relative pressure, an upstream pressure is quickly reached which is incompatible with most industrial installations if a wide range of the mass output should be desired.
  • the other possibility which has been used in the present invention consists in varying the free area of the sonic neck in order to obtain a change in the mass output. This possibility easily permits variations of the mass output within a ratio of l to 4 which satisfies any practical demand.
  • This variation of the cross section of the sonic neck is obtained by displacing a central body in the convergent passage portion of the tuyere while maintaining the position of the neck stationarily.
  • the adjustment of the position of the central body with regard to the sonic neck of the tuyere, in order to obtain a shock wave of substantially constant intensity during changes of the output, may be carried out in two different ways depending on the condition of the pressure existing atthe downstream end of the tuyere.
  • the pressure of the downstream end of the tuyere remains substantially constant, it is possible to maintain the upstream pressure by adjusting the position of the central body in accordance with the difference between the upstream pressure and a'constant pre-established reference pressure.
  • the difference between the upstream and the downstream pressure may be maintained constant by displacing the central body in axial direction, which will result in an increase of the intensity of the shock wave and, therefore, in a perfect atomization of the combustion material.
  • the geometrical characteristics of the tuyere which are calculated in a manner well known in the art, are defined by starting from an upstream pressure compatible with a perfect atomization of the combustible material for a maximum output. It is to be understood, that in both cases, the form of the central body is calculated to accomplish the conditions set forth above under the assumption that the central body during its adjustment is maintained coaxial with the sonic neck. Such calculation is likewise well known in the art.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic axial cross section through a supersonic tuyere according to the present invention, used for injection of a combustible material into a blast furnace;
  • FIG. 2 is an axialcross section of a second embodiment of such a tuyere according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic axial cross section of a further modification
  • FIG. 4 is an axial cross section through the central body and illustrating means for cooling the same.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates in axial cross section a modified arrangement for cooling the central body.
  • the arrangement according to the present invention comprises a supersonic tuyere 2 having a convergent passage portion 3, a sonic neck 4 and a divergent passage portion 5 downstream of the sonic neck.
  • a curved conduit 1 is connected to the upstream end of the convergent portion 3 for feeding the blast, that is a combustion sustaining material into the supersonic tuyere.
  • a solid body 6 of a profile calculated in accordance with the coordinates of the sonic neck is coaxially arranged in the convergent portion 3 movable in axial direction. As shown in FIG.
  • this body 6 may have a substantially conical configuration of substantially the same apex angle as the convergent portion 3.
  • the body 6 is formed from refractory material, such as refractory steel and mounted at the end of a rod 7 displaceable in axial direction of the tuyere.
  • the rod 7 is guided for movement in axial direction of the tuyere by guide means 8, schematically illustrated in FIG. 1, located in the portion of the conduit 1 which is coaxial with the tuyere.
  • the central body 6 and the rod 7 are provided with means for coolingthe same in order to maintain their temperature at a level compatible with the nature of the material from which the body and the rod are formed. The means for cooling the body 6 and the rod 7 connected thereto will be described in detail later on.
  • the rear or left-end, as viewed in FIG. 1, of the rod 7 passes with clearance through a tube 9, fluid tightly connected to the conduit 1, into an enclosure 10 divided by a flexible membrane 11 into two compartments, and the rear end of the rod 7 is fixedly connected, in any suitable manner, to the central portion of the membrane 11.
  • the static pressure in the conduit 1 upstream of the convergent portion 3 of the tuyere is transmitted through the tube 9 to one face of the membrane II.
  • a fixed reference pressure, delivered from a source of such a reference pressure through the conduit 12 to the other compartment of the enclosure 10, is applied to the other face of the membrane 11.
  • the rod 7 connected to the membrane 11 transmits the deflection of the latter to the body 6.
  • the combustible material preferably a liquid fuel
  • the combustible material may be introduced into the region of the sonic neck into the tuyere passage in a manner known in the art, for instance through the wall of the tuyere, or by means of the central body 6 and the rod 7 connected thereto in the manner as will be described later on in detail or by a combination of the two aforementioned ways.
  • the magnitude of the reference pressure which corresponds to an absolute pressure necessary in order to assure the formation of a shock wave.
  • the magnitude of the static pressure upstream of the convergent portion 3 of the tuyere is compared with the magnitude of the reference pressure, and when the difference between the two pressures is established, the area of the free cross section of the sonic neck is changed either by advancing the body 6 in axial direction towards the right, as viewed in FIG. 1, when the static pressure decreases, or by retracting the central body 6 towards the left, to increase the free cross section of the sonic neck, when the static pressure increases in such a manner so as to obtain an equalization between the upstream pressure and the reference pres sure.
  • this comparison between the magnitude of the two pressures is obtained by directing the reference pressure and the upstream pressure, respectively to opposite sides of the deformable membrane ll.
  • the deflection of the membrane 11 constitutes a signal which is transmitted by means of the rod 7 to the central body 6 to adjust the axial position of the latter, and to thereby adjust also the free cross section of the sonic neck 4.
  • the amplitude of the deformation of the membrane 11 is determined in such a manner to provoke for each variation in the output a corresponding axial position of the body 6 relative to the sonic neck 4 to assure a proper function of the tuyere, that is, creation of a shock wave at the divergent portion 5 thereof.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a second embodiment according to the present invention which is used when the pressure at the downstream end of the tuyere depends on the flow rate or the output of the blast.
  • the elements of the arrangement shown in FIG. 2, which correspond to the elements shown in the arrangement of FIG. 1, are designated with the same reference numerals.
  • the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2 further includes an opening 13 in the divergent portion 5 of the tuyere connected by a conduit 14 to one of the chambers of the enclosure 10 so as to transmit the pressure at the downstream end of the divergent portion 5 to one face of the membrane 11 which is opposite to the face which receives through the tube 9 the pressure in the tube 1 upstream of the divergent passage portion 3.
  • a compression spring 15 permits to apply to the rear face of the membrane a supplementary pressure A P.
  • the pressure A P may be adjusted exactly by means of an adjustment screw 16 threaded through a corresponding opening in the wall of the enclosure 10 and engaging the rear end of the compression spring 15. In this construction, regardless of the variations of the downstream pressure in the tuyere, there will always be an additional pressure A P of a magnitude which will guarantee that a shock wave will be formed at the divergent portion 5.
  • FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a further embodiment according to the present invention in which elements identical with those in the previously described embodiments are again designated with the same reference numeral.
  • the embodiments illustrated in FIG. 3 differs from that as shown in FIG. 1 in that in the embodiment of FIG. 3 the rod 7 which projects rearwardly from the body 6 is not directly connected to the membrane 11, but connected thereto by means of fluid operated mechanism.
  • the pressure upstream of the convergent portion 3 of the tuyere 2 is transmitted through a conduit 9' to one compartment of the enclosure 10, whereas a fixed reference pressure .the two compartments.
  • a rod 17 fixedly connected to a central portion of the membrane 11 projects fluid tightly guided through the wall of the enclosure and is connected at its outer end to the valverod 18 of a slide valve 19.
  • the valve rod 18 carries in the interior of the cylinder of the slide valve two piston members 20 and 21 axially spaced from each other which, in the neutral position of the membrane 11, that is when the membrane is not deflected and the pressures in the two compartments are equal, close the inlet ends of a pair of conduits and 26, which are at their other ends are connected to a cylinder 23 in which a piston 24 is axially movable guided.
  • Pressure fluid preferably oil under pressure, is fed into the cylinder 19 of the valve by means of a conduit 22, opening in the cylinder between the two pistons 20 and 21.
  • the enclosure 10 and the membrane extending transversely thereto which is subjected at opposite faces thereof to the upstream pressure and the reference pressure constitutes therefore a means to compare the upstream pressure of the tuyere with the reference pressure and to produce a signal, i.e., the deflection of the membrane, representative of the detected difference between such pressures.
  • the abovedescribed elements between the membrane 11 and the rear end of the rod 7 constitute means to transmit the signal to the means, i.e., the rod 7, to adjust the axial position of the body 6.
  • the means to transmit the signal that is the deflection of the membrane 11 to the means to adjust the axial position of the body 6, that is to the rod 7, is constituted by the mechanical connection between the membrane and the rear end of the rod 7.
  • a second tube 33 is coaxially arranged within the tube 31 also radially spaced therefrom and this inner tube 33 ends with its open end short of the closed end of the tube 31, whereas the rear end of the tube 33 extends through the closed rear end of the tube 31.
  • the combustible material which is preferably a liquid fuel, is fed into the enlarged end 7a of the tubular rod 7' through a flexible conduit 29 which passes, in a manner not shown in FIG. 4, fluid tightly through one wall of the enclosure 10 described above and is connected to a source of a fuel supply not illustrated in the drawings.
  • the liquid fuel thus entering in the space between the inner surface of the tubular rod 7 and the outer surface of the tube 31 passes into the cavity of the body 6 and leaves the latter through a plurality of outlet bores 6'.
  • a cooling fluid is fed through a flexible conduit 32 into the rear end of the tube 31 to flow in the space between the inner surface of the tube 31 and the outer surface of the tube 33 toward the closed front end of the tube 31 and to pass out from the latter through the inner tube 33.
  • the flexible conduit 32 passes likewise through a wall of the compartment 10 and is connected to a source of cooling fluid (not shown), whereas the discharged cooling fluid passes into an appropriate container, not shown in the drawing, or the discharged cooling fluid may be recirculated to enter again through the conduit 32 intothe interior of the tube 31.
  • the fuel is passed to the outlet bores 6 in the hollow body 6 through a central tube 36 connected at its right end by welding or in any suitable manner to the body 6, whereas the cooling fluid is fed into the enlarged portion 7a" of the tubular rod 7 by means of a flexible conduit 34 and the front end of the tubular rod 7" is again connected by welding or in any similar suitable manner to the body 6.
  • a tube 35 arranged coaxial with the tube 36 and the tubular rod 7" and intermediate these two tubes, permits return flow of the cooling fluid introduced into the tubular rod 7" through a flexible conduit 34 and the cooling fluid leaves the interior of the tube 35 through a flexible conduit 37.
  • At least the inner tube 36 of the arrangement shown in FIG. 5 is made from a material having a high heat conductive characteristic so that the body 6 is not only cooled by the cooling fluid passing through the rear part thereof, but also by heat convection through the cooled inner tube 36.
  • the central bore through the rod 7 may be omitted and the rod used only for transmitting the deflection of the membrane 11 to the body 6 and to cool the latter by heat convection.
  • the described arrangements in which no cooling fluid is circulated through the tubular rod has the advantage over the arrangements shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 that no cooling fluid can enter the tuyere in the event of some leakage.
  • motor means connected to said body for adjusting the position thereof relative to said neck; means to detect the pressure in said tuyere upstream of said convergent portion; means to furnish a reference pressure; means to compare said upstream pressure with said reference pressure and to produce a signal corresponding to the difference between said pressures; and means to transmit said signal to said motor means for adjusting the axial position of said body in order to displace the latter as a function of the magnitude of said signal in order to maintain the pressure in said tuyere upstream of the convergent portion during variations, within said predetermined limits, of the amount of combustion sustaining material fed into said tuyere, at such a pressure to produce a shock wave in said divergent portion so as to atomize the combustible material fed into the tuyere in the region of said neck.
  • said means to compare said upstream pressure with said reference pressure comprises an enclosure, a membrane extending transversely through said enclosure and dividing the latter into two separate compartments, and means for applying said upstream pressure to one face of said membrane and for applying said reference pressure to the other face of said membrane so as to deflect a portion of the latter in correspondence to the difference between said pressures.
  • said means to compare said upstream pressure with said reference pressure comprises an enclosure, a membrane extending transversely through said enclosure and dividing the same into two separate compartments, and means for applying said upstream pressure to said one face of said membrane and for applying said reference pressure to the other face of said membrane so as to deflect a portion of said membrane in correspondence with the difference of said pressures
  • said motor means to adjust the axial position of said body as a function of the deflection of said portion of said membrane comprises a cylinder and a piston reciprocatable in said cylinder and connected to said body for moving the same in axial direction, and means connected to said portion of said membrane for feeding pressure fluid into said cylinder to one or the other side of the piston therein to move the latter and the body connected thereto in axial direction and in correspondence with the deflection of said membrane portion.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Blast Furnaces (AREA)
  • Pressure-Spray And Ultrasonic-Wave- Spray Burners (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
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US00218962A 1971-01-20 1972-01-19 Tuyere for a blast furnace and a method for operating the tuyere to atomize combustible material fed into the tuyere by a shock wave Expired - Lifetime US3771473A (en)

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FR7101742A FR2122682A5 (de) 1971-01-20 1971-01-20

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US (1) US3771473A (de)
JP (1) JPS52442B1 (de)
AT (1) AT319295B (de)
AU (1) AU470614B2 (de)
BE (1) BE778109A (de)
BR (1) BR7200222D0 (de)
CA (1) CA979646A (de)
DD (1) DD96509A5 (de)
DE (1) DE2201607A1 (de)
ES (1) ES399060A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2122682A5 (de)
GB (1) GB1367204A (de)
IT (1) IT946421B (de)
LU (1) LU64608A1 (de)
NL (1) NL7117957A (de)
PL (1) PL71082B1 (de)
SU (1) SU452965A3 (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4171798A (en) * 1976-03-26 1979-10-23 Koppers Company, Inc. Method and apparatus for obtaining and securing optimum thrust of blast fluid flowing into a metallurgical furnace
US4911805A (en) * 1985-03-26 1990-03-27 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Apparatus and process for producing a stable beam of fine particles
US5436210A (en) * 1993-02-04 1995-07-25 Molten Metal Technology, Inc. Method and apparatus for injection of a liquid waste into a molten bath
US5679132A (en) * 1995-06-07 1997-10-21 Molten Metal Technology, Inc. Method and system for injection of a vaporizable material into a molten bath
US20130106034A1 (en) * 2010-03-31 2013-05-02 Sms Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Device for injecting gas into a metallurgical vessel

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US4021511A (en) * 1976-02-12 1977-05-03 Ford Aerospace & Communications Fuel distributor apparatus for plug-type carburetor
US4021512A (en) * 1976-02-12 1977-05-03 Aeronutronic Ford (Now Ford Aerospace And Communications) Carburetor air turbine fuel distributor
US4109862A (en) * 1977-04-08 1978-08-29 Nathaniel Hughes Sonic energy transducer
US4189101A (en) * 1977-04-08 1980-02-19 Nathaniel Hughes Stable vortex generating device
FR2561539B1 (fr) * 1984-03-20 1988-09-16 Raffinage Cie Francaise Dispositif de pulverisation d'un liquide dans un flux gazeux a plusieurs venturis successifs et applications de ce dispositif
FR2579487B1 (fr) * 1985-03-26 1989-05-12 Canon Kk Appareil pour reguler l'ecoulement de particules fines
US4931225A (en) * 1987-12-30 1990-06-05 Union Carbide Industrial Gases Technology Corporation Method and apparatus for dispersing a gas into a liquid
US4867918A (en) * 1987-12-30 1989-09-19 Union Carbide Corporation Gas dispersion process and system
DE3913334A1 (de) * 1989-04-22 1990-10-25 Caldyn Apparatebau Gmbh Vorrichtung fuer die zerstaeubung von fluessigkeit oder fuer die zerteilung von gas in kleine blasen
DE102014102913A1 (de) * 2014-03-05 2015-09-10 Thyssenkrupp Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Schachtofens, insbesondere eines Hochofens

Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU115641A (en) * 1941-04-21 1941-10-09 Arthur Sam Chestox Improvements in means for glazing windows
FR1171136A (fr) * 1957-04-11 1959-01-22 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech Perfectionnements aux tuyères de four à cuve et en particulier aux tuyères de haut fourneau
US3076642A (en) * 1960-06-21 1963-02-05 Pompey Acieries Injection devices
US3558119A (en) * 1967-12-08 1971-01-26 Pont A Mousson Device for the injection of liquid fuels into blast furnaces
US3596894A (en) * 1967-12-13 1971-08-03 Wendel Soc D Method of blowing furnances and system for the carrying out of the method

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU115641A (en) * 1941-04-21 1941-10-09 Arthur Sam Chestox Improvements in means for glazing windows
FR1171136A (fr) * 1957-04-11 1959-01-22 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech Perfectionnements aux tuyères de four à cuve et en particulier aux tuyères de haut fourneau
US3076642A (en) * 1960-06-21 1963-02-05 Pompey Acieries Injection devices
US3558119A (en) * 1967-12-08 1971-01-26 Pont A Mousson Device for the injection of liquid fuels into blast furnaces
US3596894A (en) * 1967-12-13 1971-08-03 Wendel Soc D Method of blowing furnances and system for the carrying out of the method

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4171798A (en) * 1976-03-26 1979-10-23 Koppers Company, Inc. Method and apparatus for obtaining and securing optimum thrust of blast fluid flowing into a metallurgical furnace
US4911805A (en) * 1985-03-26 1990-03-27 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Apparatus and process for producing a stable beam of fine particles
US5436210A (en) * 1993-02-04 1995-07-25 Molten Metal Technology, Inc. Method and apparatus for injection of a liquid waste into a molten bath
US5679132A (en) * 1995-06-07 1997-10-21 Molten Metal Technology, Inc. Method and system for injection of a vaporizable material into a molten bath
US20130106034A1 (en) * 2010-03-31 2013-05-02 Sms Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Device for injecting gas into a metallurgical vessel
KR101495622B1 (ko) * 2010-03-31 2015-02-25 에스엠에스 지마크 악티엔게젤샤프트 야금 용기 내로 가스를 취입하기 위한 장치
US9103503B2 (en) * 2010-03-31 2015-08-11 Sms Siemag Ag Device for injecting gas into a metallurgical vessel

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DE2201607A1 (de) 1972-08-03
AU470614B2 (en) 1976-03-25
IT946421B (it) 1973-05-21
AT319295B (de) 1974-12-10
CA979646A (en) 1975-12-16
BE778109A (fr) 1972-07-17
GB1367204A (en) 1974-09-18
DD96509A5 (de) 1973-03-20
SU452965A3 (ru) 1974-12-05
FR2122682A5 (de) 1972-09-01
BR7200222D0 (pt) 1973-05-17
NL7117957A (de) 1972-07-24
JPS52442B1 (de) 1977-01-07
LU64608A1 (de) 1972-06-22
AU3793672A (en) 1973-07-19
ES399060A1 (es) 1975-06-01
PL71082B1 (de) 1974-04-30

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