US3766078A - Processes for stabilizing peroxy solutions - Google Patents

Processes for stabilizing peroxy solutions Download PDF

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US3766078A
US3766078A US00149854A US3766078DA US3766078A US 3766078 A US3766078 A US 3766078A US 00149854 A US00149854 A US 00149854A US 3766078D A US3766078D A US 3766078DA US 3766078 A US3766078 A US 3766078A
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peroxy
bleaching
solution
magnesium
solutions
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X Kowalski
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Monsanto Co
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Monsanto Co
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
    • C11D3/3902—Organic or inorganic per-compounds combined with specific additives
    • C11D3/3937—Stabilising agents
    • C11D3/394—Organic compounds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
    • D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
    • D06L4/10—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen
    • D06L4/12—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen combined with specific additives

Definitions

  • Alkaline aqueous solutions containing a peroxy compound and an alkali metal silicate are stabilized against substantial decomposition of said peroxy compound by the inclusion of a stabilizing agent which is, for example, a combination of nitrilotriacetic acid, l-hydroxy ethylidene-l, l-diphosphonic acid, and a magnesium or calcium salt, e.g., magnesium sulfate, and which stabilizing agent effects (1) reducing the decomposition of said peroxy compound and (2) preventing silicate deposition.
  • a stabilizing agent which is, for example, a combination of nitrilotriacetic acid, l-hydroxy ethylidene-l, l-diphosphonic acid, and a magnesium or calcium salt, e.g., magnesium sulfate, and which stabilizing agent effects (1) reducing the decomposition of said peroxy compound and (2) preventing silicate deposition.
  • the present invention relates to an improved process for stabilizing peroxy solutions which are used for bleaching textile materials.
  • this invention is concerned with peroxy bleaching solutions which are aqueous alkaline solutions containing a peroxy compound, an alkali metal silicate and a novel combination which functions as a stabilizing agent for the reduction of the decomposition of the peroxy compound and prevention of silicate deposition.
  • Preparing textile materials for bleaching, dyeing and finishing generally involves a series of well-known steps.
  • the material is first singed to burn off excess fibers, desized to remove any artificial coating put on the material for processing, rinsed, and then it is scoured. After scouring, the material is again rinsed and then, in succession, it is bleached, scoured, rinsed, mercerized, rinsed, dyed or printed, and finished.
  • These steps are more specifically described in Chemistry and Chemical Technology of Cotton, Interscience Publishers, Inc., New York, N.Y., 1955, edited by Kyle Ward, Jr., and which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • a discussion per se of the bleaching step starts on p. 190 of said publication.
  • bleaching is the fifth major step in the above-described textile finishing process.
  • the general purpose of the bleaching step is to oxidize any foreign matter on the textile material in order to provide a substantially absorbent and white material which is readily acceptive to dyeing.
  • the bleaching (oxidative) process is desirable in order to attempt to remove impurities or foreign matter and thus ultimately prepare a whiteness in color product suitable for subsequent dyeing and effecting a uniformity of color thereon.
  • commercial bleaching (including boiling) processes involve contacting the textile material with alkaline aqueous solution (bath) containing a peroxy compound such as hydrogen peroxide and an alkali metal silicate such as sodium silicate.
  • a stabilizing agent to minimize the decomposition of the peroxy compound is well established in the peroxy bleaching art, because, among other things, the oxygen released by decomposition of the peroxy compound in general has no bleaching action as contrasted with the normal autodecomposition of the peroxy compound which does function as a bleaching agent. In fact, the decomposition of the peroxy compound may be harmful. For example, cellulosic materials in strongly alkaline peroxy (bleaching) solutions are attacked by the oxygen from decomposition with the result of loss of strength by the materials.
  • stabilizing agents United States Patent 0 'ice ,2 p v V I are of various and diverse nature and the ability of a material to be an effective stabilizing agent is apparently unpredictable.
  • the stabilizing agents for peroxy solutions vary in their ability with changes in the prevailing conditions such as pH, temperature conditions and the like of the peroxy solutions.
  • the stabilizing agent should preferably be effective in alkaline solutions and under relatively high temperature conditions which are frequently encountered in practice as well as being compatible with other additives usually present in the peroxy bleaching solutions such as optical whiteners, that is, brighteners or fluorescent white dyes, wetting agents and the like.
  • an object of this invention is to provide an improved method for stabilizing aqueous peroxy solutions.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a stabilizing agent which affects synergism in the reduction of the decomposition of the peroxy compound and also prevents water-insoluble silicate deposition.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide an improved method for bleaching cellulosic materials using aqueous peroxy solutions having dissolved therein novel stabilizing agents.
  • synergistic stabilizing agent which is a combination of:
  • NTA Nitrilotriacetic acid
  • the water-soluble salts are also included within the scope of the present invention.
  • the preferred salts are the sodium salts.
  • Other alkali metal salts such as potassium, lithium and the like, as well as mixtures of the alkali metal salts may be used.
  • any water-soluble salt, such as the ammonium salt, which exhibit the characteristics of the alkali metal salt may also be used to practice the invention.
  • the magnesium and calcium salts include, without limitation, magnesium acetate, magnesium benzoate, magnesium bromate, magnesium bromide, magnesium chlorate, magnesium chloride, magnesium chromate, magnesium citrate, magnesium fluosilicate, magnesium formate, magnesium lactate, magnesium nitrate, magnesium nitrite, magnesium hypophosphate, magnesium selenate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium sulfite, magnesium thiosulfate, calcium butyrate, calcium chlorate, calcium chloride, calcium hypochlorite, calcium chromate, calcium formate, calcium gluconate, calcium lactate, calcium maleate, calcium nitrate, calcium 'nitrite, calcium propionate, calcium l-quinate, calcium sulfide, calcium dithionate, calcium thiosulfate, calcium valerate, and mix tures of these salts.
  • the above list is not all inclusive and the magnesium or calcium salt is anyone which is watersoluble and provides magnesium or calcium ions in aqueous system. It is to be noted that these
  • the magnesium or calcium salt can be supplied to the aqueous peroxy solution in the form of the magnesium or calcium salts of NTA and/or HEDP.
  • the novel stabilizing agent can be in the form of (1) a three-component combination of NTA, HEDP, and a magnesium or calcium salt (such as magnesium sulfate), or (2) a two-component combination of the magnesium or calcium salts of NTA and HEDP.
  • the mole ratios of NTAzM or Ca saltzHEDP be in the range of from about 12111 to about :3:1, preferably from about 2: 1:1 to about 2:2: 1.
  • textile material includes any natural and/or synthetic fibrous base material such as cotton, nylon, viscose rayon, polyester, e.g., Dacron, hemp, linen, jute, and blends thereof such as, for example, cotton-Dacron, cotton- Dacron'viscose rayon, cotton-nylon-viscose rayon, cotton- Dacron-nylon, cotton-nylon, and cotton-polyester (all in various weight rations).
  • any natural and/or synthetic fibrous base material such as cotton, nylon, viscose rayon, polyester, e.g., Dacron, hemp, linen, jute, and blends thereof such as, for example, cotton-Dacron, cotton- Dacron'viscose rayon, cotton-nylon-viscose rayon, cotton- Dacron-nylon, cotton-nylon, and cotton-polyester (all in various weight rations).
  • the specific synthetic organic surfactant can be any of a wide variety of surface active agents. Typical surfactants are described in U.S. Pats. 2,846,398 and 3,159,581, both of which are incorporated herein by reference. Furthermore, other publications which describe surfactants which can be used in the present invention processes include Schwartz and Perry, Surface Active Agents, Interscience Publishers, New York (1949) and The Journal of American Oil Chemists Society, vol. 34, No. 4, pp. 170-216 (April 1957), both of which publications are incorporated herein by reference. The amount of surfactant will vary, depending upon various process conditions and any amount can be used as long as no substantial adverse eifect is incurred in the bleaching operation.
  • Peroxy solutions which are capable of being stabilized in addition to hydrogen peroxide and its addition compounds, such as the peroxide of sodium and the super oxide of potassium, include urea percompounds, perborates, persulfates, and the peracids such as persulfuric acid, peracetic acid, peroxy monophosphoric acid and their watersoluble salt compounds such as sodium, potassium, ammonium and organic amine salts.
  • the pH of the aqueous peroxy solution is usually adjusted with any caustic material in order to effect a pH of greater than 7, e.g. inorganic alkali metal basic materials, such as sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium silicate, diand tri-sodium phosphates and the like, including mixtures of these as well as the potassium forms of the foregoing materials, to a pH of between about 7.5 and about 12.5.
  • inorganic alkali metal basic materials such as sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium silicate, diand tri-sodium phosphates and the like, including mixtures of these as well as the potassium forms of the foregoing materials
  • the rate of bleaching in most cases is slow to the extent of being uneconomical for bleaching.
  • the amounts of caustic used are from about 1% to about 4% by weight based on the total weight of the alkaline aqueous (peroxy) solution.
  • concentration of peroxy solutions can vary depending upon, inter alia, the type of peroxy-compound, pH, temperature, type of bleaching desired and the like, however, normal concentrations, i.e., from about 0.01 to about 5% can be used with concentrations from about .2 to about 3% being preferred. It is to be understood that the concentration is not a limitation herein and that any concenration can be utilized as long as the desired end result is achieved.
  • the stabilizing agents of the present invention may be dissolved in the peroxy solution which is ready for use or may be incorporated in a concentated peroxy solution, such as a 35% solution of hydrogen peroxide, which is usually further diluted to form the peroxy solution for bleaching.
  • the stabilizing agent can be incorporated in dry bleach compositions, such as perborate compositions, by admixing therewith, and the resulting composition dissolved in the aqueous system immediately preceding its end use application.
  • the stabilizing agent is intended to be used with the peroxy solution at the time of its use for bleaching purposes.
  • the concentration of the stabilizing agent of the present invention in the peroxy solution can vary depending upon, interalia, concentration of the peroxy solution, type of peroxy-compound used, pH, temperature and the like, and usually for normal concentrations of peroxy solutions and with conventional bleaching methods, the stabilizing agent is preferably present in concentrations from about 0.001 to about 5% with from about 0.1% to about 1% being especially preferred.
  • the methods for bleaching using the peroxy solutions containing the stabilizing agents of the present invention vary widely, as for example, from using the peroxy solutions at normal temperatures, i.e., from about 20 C. to about 35 C. and contacting the textile material by immerision for periods of time of several hours, i.e., from about 12 to about 36 hours, to using the peroxy solutions at temperatures from about 70 C. to about C. for periods of time from about 30 minutes to about 6-8 hours, as well as continuous bleaching methods which entail the use of the peroxy solutions at normal temperatures, i.e., about 25 C. and contacting the textile material by saturation, removing he excess moisture and exposing the textile material to saturated steam at temperatures from about 100 C. to about C.
  • U.S. Pats. 2,839,353, 2,960,- 383, and 2,983,568 are illustrative of being representative of continuous peroxy bleaching methods.
  • Additional publications which relates to peroxy bleaching and/or bleaching of textile materials include, without limitation, U.S. Pats. 2,493,740; 2,515,532; 2,524,- 113; 2,602,723; 2,686,104; 2,718,528; 2,740,689; 2,803,- 517; 2,820,690; 2,839,353; 2,858,184; 2,868,615; 2,893- 814; 2,893,819; 2,917,528; 2,927,082; 2,927,840; 2,950,- 175; 2,960,383; 2,970,882; 2,983,568; 2,991,168; 3,003,- 910; 3,043,645; 3,053,634; 3,089,753; 3,122,417; 3,156,- 654; 3,211,658; 3,234,140; 3,243,378; 3,278,445, and 3,383,174; Belgium Pat.
  • the temperature of the bleaching (peroxy) solution is desirable in the range of from about 72 F. to the boiling point of the bleaching solution but temperatures from about -210 F. are preferred. It is to be understood that higher temperatures, such as 250 F. to 300 F., can be used (with the aid of superatmospheric pressure) where one so desires.
  • the bleaching solutions shown in Table I are prepared by mixing together 900 milliliters of deionized water, 22 grams of hydrogen peroxide (35% aqueous solution), 11 grams of sodium silicate, 5 grams of sodium hydroxide (50% aqueous solution) and the indicated amount of the stabilizing agent. Ferrous sulfate is added to the resulting solution in an amount to provide 2 parts per million (p.p.m.) of Fe++ therein.
  • Each individual bleaching solution is contained in a suitable Pyrex glass beaker which in turn is in a thermostated bath of the Ahiba laboratory dyeing machine. Each bleaching solution is heated to and maintained at 210 F. for a period of 120 minutes. At the intervals so indicated in Table I, 10 milliliters (ml.) aliquots of solution are withdrawn by pipette, quenched in 100 ml. of H 0, acidified with 1 ml. concentrated H SO and the residual H is titrated with 0.1 N KM O The percent available oxygen (remaining in the bleaching solution at that particular time) is calculated as follows:
  • stabilizing agent i.e., the combination of NTA, Mg and/ or Ca salt and HEDP
  • the Mg and/or Ca silicate complex does the stabilizing of the peroxy compound rather than NTA and/ or HEDP.
  • HEDP and NTA serve as a carrier for the Mg and/or Ca and when combined as a sequestrant for excessive hardness in bleaching solutions to prevent insoluble silicate precipitates which would adversely effect the overall textile TABLE I Eflect of stabilizing agents on eroxide bleach stability in deionized water in the presence of 2 p.p.m. Fe 22 g./1. H 02, 11 g./l. sodium silicate, 5 g./l. NaOH, 50%, pH 11.3 at 210 F.
  • EXAMPLE HI Example I above is repeated in toto with the sole exception that in place of the 2 p.p.m. Fe in the bleaching solution, there is present in the solution, by addition of a corresponding water-soluble salt, 0.85 p.p.m. Fe++, 0.17 p.p.m. Cu++, 0.40 Zn++ and 0.10 Pb++. Substantially the same results are obtained as that shown in Table I.
  • CaCO from 2Caz1Mg (from CaClz and MgSOi).
  • Fabric whiteness number 66 87 85 86 92 92 Percent available oxygen remaining in bleach solutions after- 45 minutes- 2 0 1 68 52 60 minutes". 0. 5 0 59 40 1 100% cotton fabric, desized and scoured in a textile mill.
  • nated Nos. 6-12 are representative of the present invention.
  • NTA per se and a Mg salt+NTA combination are quite inferior if not completely ineffective in preventing silicate precipitation in bleaching solutions as compared to the novel combination of NTA, HEDP and a Mg and/0r Ca salt.
  • EXAMPLE V In order to illustrate the bleaching ability of a peroxy solution stabilized with the present invention stabilizing agents (and prior art materials for comparative purposes), the following tests are made with the indicated results set forth in Table III. Several sets of four 5" x 6" swatches of unbleached desized sheeting are prewet with distilled water and each set is placed in a suitable stirrer flask containing 1 liter of a bleaching solution of the following initial composition: 22 grams of a 35% H 0 solution, 11 grams of sodium silicate, 5 grams of a 50% NaOH solution, 0.85 p.p.m. Fe+ 0.17 p.p.m. Cu, 0.40 p.p.m. Zn++, 0.10 p.p.m.
  • the degree of bleaching is set forth in terms of fabric whiteness as determined by a Gardner Automatic Color Difference Meter made by Gardner Laboratory, Inc., Bethesda, Md.
  • the fabric In conjunction with Table III, it is vividly demonstrated that the stabilizing agents of the present invention exhibit an unexpected result and are substantially better than the prior art materials such as ATMP. Specifically, it can beseen that with no stabilizing agent in the bleaching'solm tion, the fabric had a whiteness number of 66; with ATMP the value was 87 and with DETPA+CaCl the value was and 86. But with the novel stabilizing agents of the present invention, the average value was 92, a significant difference and improvement. The superiority of. these novel stabilizing agents is thus seen.
  • the test swatches bleached with the solution containing the present invention stabilizing agents are cut into one inch strips and measured for tensile strength according to ASTM Designation D-39-49, Revised 1955 Standard General Methods of Testing Woven Fabrics, a Breaking Strength, 11. Raveled Strip method. No substantial degradation of the fabric occurred as a result of bleaching with the stabilized peroxy solution, i.e., the tensile strengths of the bleached swatches compared very favorably with unbleached swatches which are similarly tested. Consequently, peroxy solutions stabilized with the stabilizing agents of the present invention exhibit the ability to bleach cellulosic materials, such as cotton fabric, without impairing the material.
  • a peroxy solution in accordance with this invention need contain only a peroxy-compound, an alkali metal silicate and the novel stabilizing agents, it will be appreciated that the incorporation in the solution of additional ingredients commonly used in peroxy solutions, such as inorganic alkali metal basic materials, wetting agents, optical whiteners (brightening agents and fluorescent dyes) and the like, is contemplated as being withinthe invention.
  • the novel combination of NTA, HEDP and a water soluble magnesium or calcium salt functions in two different aspects: (1) reduction of the decomposition of the peroxy compound and (2) pre-. vention of the precipitation of water-insoluble silicates.
  • the term stabilizer as used herein is intended to encompass both of these aspects. The novelty of this unique combination is predicated upon these two aspects (although the exact physical and/ or chemical mechanism is not known) and as such constitutes a significant advancement in the art.
  • a method for stabilizing aqueous alkaline solutions of peroxy compounds from decomposition of said peroxy compounds which comprises dissolving in said solution a stabilizing agent which is a combination of (a) l-hydroxy ethylidene-l,l-diphosphonic acid and the watersoluble salts thereof; (b) a water-soluble salt of magnesium or calcium and (c) nitrilotriacetic acid and watersoluble salts thereof, the mole ratio of (a) (b) :(c) being from about 1:1:1 to about 1:3:5, and the concentration of said stabilizing agent in said solution being from about 0.001 to about 5 percent by weight.
  • a stabilizing agent which is a combination of (a) l-hydroxy ethylidene-l,l-diphosphonic acid and the watersoluble salts thereof; (b) a water-soluble salt of magnesium or calcium and (c) nitrilotriacetic acid and watersoluble salts thereof, the mole ratio of (a) (b)
  • concentration of said peroxy compound in said solution is from about 0.01 to about 5 weight percent.
  • said solution has a pH of from about 7.0 to about 12.5 and said stabilizing agent consists of (a) l-hydroxy ethylidene-l,1-diphosphonic acid; (b) a water-soluble magnesium salt; and (c) nitrilotriacetic acid in a mole ratio respectively of from about 1:1:1 to about 1:3:5.

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  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
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Cited By (18)

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US3951838A (en) * 1973-10-10 1976-04-20 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Silica sol stabilizers for improving the stability of sodium percarbonate in solid bleaches and detergents
US3951840A (en) * 1973-04-26 1976-04-20 Kao Soap Co., Ltd. Stable bleaching composition
US3996151A (en) * 1975-02-18 1976-12-07 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Alkaline peroxide bleach liquor
US4179391A (en) * 1977-04-22 1979-12-18 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien (Henkel Kgaa) Phosphate-free textile detergent, especially for washing at temperatures of over 75° C.
US4316879A (en) * 1977-06-17 1982-02-23 Fmc Corporation Stabilized sodium carbonate peroxide preparation method
US4363699A (en) * 1976-02-25 1982-12-14 Solvay & Cie. Process for stabilizing solutions of peroxidic compounds used for bleaching
US4384970A (en) * 1980-11-04 1983-05-24 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Stabilizing compositions for peroxide products
US4392975A (en) * 1981-04-09 1983-07-12 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Activating composition for bleaching with peroxide products
US4470919A (en) * 1982-02-03 1984-09-11 The Procter & Gamble Company Oxygen-bleach-containing liquid detergent compositions
US4497725A (en) * 1980-04-01 1985-02-05 Interox Chemicals Ltd. Aqueous bleach compositions
US4529534A (en) * 1982-08-19 1985-07-16 The Procter & Gamble Company Peroxyacid bleach compositions
US4623356A (en) * 1984-11-06 1986-11-18 Spring Industries, Inc. Oxidative afterwash treatment for non-formaldehyde durable press finishing process
US4699623A (en) * 1984-11-21 1987-10-13 Atochem Process of bleaching laundry
US4725281A (en) * 1985-07-19 1988-02-16 Ciba-Geigy Corporation Aqueous alkaline, silicate-containing composition and the use thereof for bleaching cellulosic fiber materials in the presence of per compounds
US4912791A (en) * 1987-11-07 1990-04-03 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Pretreatment of textile materials: alkaline scour or bleach with organo-phosphorus compound
US20080067149A1 (en) * 2006-09-19 2008-03-20 Poligrat Gmbh Stabilizer for acidic, metal-containing polishing baths
US20110319489A1 (en) * 2008-10-31 2011-12-29 Ecolab Usa Inc. Enhanced stability peracid compositions
US11905498B2 (en) 2020-02-12 2024-02-20 Ecolab Usa Inc. Use of urea or a urea/chelator combination to chemically stabilize peroxycarboxylic acid and peroxide formulations

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BE795085A (fr) * 1972-03-10 1973-05-29 Benckiser Knapsack Gmbh Procede de blanchiment de fibres cellulosiques seules ou en melange avec des fibres synthetiques
US3951594A (en) * 1972-11-27 1976-04-20 Pennwalt Corporation Hydrogen peroxide bleaching solutions and process
FR2253823B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1973-12-11 1977-06-10 Colgate Palmolive Co
CA1088726A (en) * 1976-06-09 1980-11-04 Carl L. Wright Carbonate leaching of uranium
US4302429A (en) * 1976-11-08 1981-11-24 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Process for solution mining of uranium ores
EP0082823B1 (de) * 1981-12-23 1986-09-03 Ciba-Geigy Ag Verfahren zum Bleichen von Fasermaterialien unter Verwendung von Oligomeren von Phosphonsäureestern als Stabilisatoren in alkalischen, peroxydhaltigen Bleichflotten
US4515597A (en) * 1982-12-10 1985-05-07 Ciba Geigy Corporation Magnesium complexes of oligomeric phosphonic acid esters, a process for their preparation and their use as stabilizers in alkaline, peroxide-containing bleach liquors
DE3338260C1 (de) * 1983-10-21 1985-07-25 Benckiser-Knapsack Gmbh, 6802 Ladenburg Verfahren und Mittel zum Bleichen von Holzschliff
US4623357A (en) * 1985-04-02 1986-11-18 Lever Brothers Company Bleach compositions
US4772290A (en) * 1986-03-10 1988-09-20 Clorox Company Liquid hydrogen peroxide/peracid precursor bleach: acidic aqueous medium containing solid peracid precursor activator
FR2598727B1 (fr) * 1986-05-15 1990-02-02 Atochem Procede et composition pour le blanchiment de linge domestique
DE3720806C2 (de) * 1986-07-03 1997-08-21 Clariant Finance Bvi Ltd Verwendung eines Stabilisators in Peroxydbleichverfahren
US4900469A (en) * 1986-10-21 1990-02-13 The Clorox Company Thickened peracid precursor compositions
US4963157A (en) * 1987-04-17 1990-10-16 Nippon Peroxide Co., Ltd. Method for bleaching cellulosic fiber material with hydrogen peroxide
DE3720277A1 (de) * 1987-06-19 1988-12-29 Degussa Verfahren zur verminderung der neigung zum zusammenbacken von teilchenfoermigen aktivsauerstoffverbindungen
DE3820160C2 (de) * 1987-06-26 1998-10-08 Clariant Finance Bvi Ltd Konzentriertes Präparat und dessen Verwendung als Stabilisator für alkalische peroxydhaltige Flotten
US5019289A (en) * 1988-11-25 1991-05-28 The Clorox Company Stable liquid detergent containing insoluble oxidant
US4915785A (en) * 1988-12-23 1990-04-10 C-I-L Inc. Single stage process for bleaching of pulp with an aqueous hydrogen peroxide bleaching composition containing magnesium sulphate and sodium silicate
GB8904007D0 (en) * 1989-02-22 1989-04-05 Procter & Gamble Stabilized,bleach containing,liquid detergent compositions
GB8925376D0 (en) * 1989-11-09 1989-12-28 Interox Chemicals Ltd Stabilisation of concentrated hydrogen peroxide solutions
DE4203797A1 (de) * 1992-02-10 1993-08-12 Bayer Ag Bleichregulator-zusammensetzungen und bleichverfahren damit
US5482516A (en) * 1993-05-24 1996-01-09 Surry Chemicals, Inc. Process for bleaching textiles
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2226784A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-12-14
US3740187A (en) 1973-06-19
FR2140213A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-01-12
US3795625A (en) 1974-03-05
DE2226784C3 (de) 1986-04-17
JPS5652080B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1981-12-09
IT956067B (it) 1973-10-10
FR2140213B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1977-12-23
DE2226784B2 (de) 1978-08-10
ES403436A1 (es) 1975-12-01
GB1354989A (en) 1974-06-05

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