US3747857A - Fuel injection systems - Google Patents

Fuel injection systems Download PDF

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Publication number
US3747857A
US3747857A US00156240A US3747857DA US3747857A US 3747857 A US3747857 A US 3747857A US 00156240 A US00156240 A US 00156240A US 3747857D A US3747857D A US 3747857DA US 3747857 A US3747857 A US 3747857A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
fuel
orifice
pump
flow
chamber
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00156240A
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English (en)
Inventor
I Fenne
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CAV Ltd
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CAV Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of US3747857A publication Critical patent/US3747857A/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
    • F02M45/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
    • F02M45/04—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts with a small initial part, e.g. initial part for partial load and initial and main part for full load
    • F02M45/08—Injectors peculiar thereto
    • F02M45/083—Having two or more closing springs acting on injection-valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/02—Conduits between injection pumps and injectors, e.g. conduits between pump and common-rail or conduits between common-rail and injectors

Definitions

  • a fuel injection system includes a fuel pump and a nozzle incorporating an orifice. There is disposed between the pump and nozzle, a restrictor. The pressure intermediate the restrictor and the pump is controlled by a relief valve and the fuel flowing past the relief valve passes into a chamber. During the initial delivery of fuel by the pump, fuel flows to the nozzle at a restricted rate by way of the restrictor and when a predetermined volume of fuel has past into the chamber substantially un-restricted flow of fuel takes place from the pump to the nozzle.
  • This invention relates to fuel injection systems of the kind comprising an orifice through which liquid fuel can flow and a fuel pump for delivering fuel under pressure to the orifice.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are views in cross-section and partly in elevation of the two embodiments respectively.
  • a fuel pump and a conventional fuel injector 11 which includes a spring loaded valve for controlling the fuel flow through an orifice 11a formed in a portion of the injector which is mounted within the combustion chamber of a compression ignition engine.
  • the fuel pump 10 and the injector are connected by a conduit 12 which includes a restrictor 13.
  • a passage 14 which includes a spring loaded relief valve 15 and the passage further ineludes avariable volume chamber defined by a cylinder 16 in which is mounted a spring loaded piston 17.
  • - piston 17 is provided with a passage 18 which, when the piston has moved a predetermined amount against the action of its spring, registers with a pair of ports formed in the wall of the cylinder16 and connected to the conduit 12 on opposite sides of the'restrictor 13 respectively.
  • the passage 18 forms part of a by-pass passage to allow fuel to flow at a substantially un-restricted rate between the ends of the conduit 12.
  • the flow of fuel to the injector 11 during an injection stroke of the pump is initially at a restricted rate due to the presence of the orifice 13.
  • the relief valve 14 prevents the pressure upstream of the orifice l3 exceeding a predetermined value and the fuel which flows past the relief valve displaces the piston 17 against the action of its spring. During this period, the flow of fuel through the orifice of the injector is at a restricted rate.
  • the passage 18 in the piston registers with the aforementioned ports, the flow of fuel from the fuel pump to the injector takes place without hinderance.
  • the relief valve closes and the piston 17 returns to its initial position by way of a restricted passage formed in the valve element of the relief valve 15.
  • the restrictor 13 is replaced by the restriction offered by the nozzle l1.
  • the nozzle 11 includes a spring loaded valve member 20 which is shaped at one end, for cooperation with a seating 21.
  • the valve member is loaded into contact with the seating 21 by means of a pair of springs 22, 23, with spring 23 being stronger than spring 22.
  • the extent of compression of spring 22 is limited by co-operating stops 24 and the extent of compression of spring 23 is limited by a stop 25 which co-operates with an abutment 26 interposed between the two springs.
  • the piston is not provided with a pas sage 18 and in operation, fuel flowing from the fuel pump 10 initially moves the valve member of the nozzle against the action of the spring 22 to allow restricted flow past the valve member and its seating.
  • the relief valve 15 opens during this period to control the pressure of fuel intermediate the pump and the nozzle and the fuel flowing past the relief valve moves the piston 17 against the action of its spring.
  • the piston can move no further, the fuel pressure applied to the valve member increases and the spring 23 is compressed until the spring abutment 26 contacts the stop 25.
  • the degree of restriction offered to the flow of fuel through the injector is decreased and the rate of fuel supply is increased.
  • theparts return to their initial position with, the piston 17 being allowed to return to its initial position by virtue of the restricted passage extending through the valve element of the relief valve 15.
  • a fuel injection system of the kind comprising a fuel pump for supplying fuel under pressure, an injection nozzle including an orifice, conduit means connecting the fuel pump with the orifice so that fuel delivered by the pump will flow through the orifice, a restrictor located intermediate the orifice and the pump, a relief valve for controlling the pressure communicating withthe conduit means intermediate the pump and restrictor, means defining a chamber, said chamber communicating with the relief valve and into which the fuel flowing past the relief valve can flow, and means operable when a predetermined volume of fuel has flowed into the chamber to permit unrestricted flow of fuel through the orifice.
  • a fuel injection system of the. kind comprising a fuel pump for supplying fuel under pressure, an injection nozzle including an orifice, conduit means connecting the fuel pump with the orifice so that fuel delivered by the pump will flow through the orifice, a restrictor intermediate the orifice and the pump, a relief valve for controlling the pressure intermediate the pump and the restrictor, a chamber into which the fuel flowing past the relief valve can flow, means operable when a predetermined volume of fuel has flowed into the chamber to permit unrestricted flow of fuel through the orifice, said chamber being defined by a cylinder containing a slidable spring loaded piston and, said piston acting as a valve member to open a by pass passage to allow substantially unrestricted flow of fuel to the orifice when the piston has moved a predetermined extent.
  • a fuel injection system as of the kind comprising a fuel pump for supplying fuel under pressure, an injection nozzle including an orifice, conduit means connecting the fuel pump with the orifice so that fuel delivered by the pump will flow through the orifice, a restrictor intermediate the orifice and the pump, a relief valve for controlling the pressure intermediate the pump and the restrictor, a chamber into which the fuel flowing past the relief valve can flow, means operable when predetermined volume of fuel has flowed into the chamber to permit unrestricted flow of fuel through the orifice, said chamber being defined by a cylinder containing a slidable spring loaded piston, the restrictor being defined by a spring loaded valve member located in the nozzle and which cooperates with a seating to control the flow of fuel through the orifice, and the valve member being loaded by a pair of springs acting in series, one of said springs being stronger than the other, the arrangement being such that the valve member is moved initially against the action of the weaker spring to allow flow of fuel at the restricted rate through the orifice and is
  • the fuel injection system as claimed in claim 6 including, a first stop to limit the extend of movement of the valve member against the action of the weaker spring and a second stop to limit the extend of movement of the member against the action of the stronger spring.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
US00156240A 1970-06-24 1971-06-24 Fuel injection systems Expired - Lifetime US3747857A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB3055070 1970-06-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3747857A true US3747857A (en) 1973-07-24

Family

ID=10309395

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00156240A Expired - Lifetime US3747857A (en) 1970-06-24 1971-06-24 Fuel injection systems

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3747857A (enExample)
JP (1) JPS511806B1 (enExample)
DE (1) DE2131072A1 (enExample)
FR (1) FR2099831A5 (enExample)
GB (1) GB1342357A (enExample)

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3831863A (en) * 1972-01-15 1974-08-27 Cav Ltd Fuel injection nozzles
US4250857A (en) * 1978-09-13 1981-02-17 The Bendix Corporation Fuel injector for producing shaped injection pulses
US4830285A (en) * 1986-12-22 1989-05-16 Diesel Kiki Co., Ltd. Fuel injection nozzle
US4993637A (en) * 1988-09-21 1991-02-19 Usui Kokusai Sangyo Kaisha, Ltd. Fuel injector
US5029568A (en) * 1990-01-10 1991-07-09 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Injection rate control injector
US5127583A (en) * 1989-07-21 1992-07-07 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Accumulator type injection nozzle
US5619969A (en) * 1995-06-12 1997-04-15 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Fuel injection rate shaping control system
US5647536A (en) * 1995-01-23 1997-07-15 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Injection rate shaping nozzle assembly for a fuel injector
US5678521A (en) * 1993-05-06 1997-10-21 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. System and methods for electronic control of an accumulator fuel system
US5765755A (en) * 1997-01-23 1998-06-16 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Injection rate shaping nozzle assembly for a fuel injector
EP0889233A2 (en) 1993-05-06 1999-01-07 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Compact high performance fuel system with accumulator
US5865373A (en) * 1996-01-13 1999-02-02 Lucas Industries Fuel Pump/injector
US6073862A (en) * 1998-09-16 2000-06-13 Westport Research Inc. Gaseous and liquid fuel injector
WO2000049288A1 (de) * 1999-02-20 2000-08-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzventil
US6336598B1 (en) 1998-09-16 2002-01-08 Westport Research Inc. Gaseous and liquid fuel injector with a two way hydraulic fluid control valve
US6354271B1 (en) 2000-12-11 2002-03-12 Caterpillar Inc. Hydraulically-actuated fuel injector with enhanced peak injection pressure and stepped top intensifier
US6360727B1 (en) 2000-03-14 2002-03-26 Alfred J. Buescher Reduce initial feed rate injector with fuel storage chamber
US6439201B1 (en) * 2000-12-20 2002-08-27 Caterpillar Inc. Fuel injector having dual flow rate capabilities and engine using same
US6471142B1 (en) * 1999-04-01 2002-10-29 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Fuel injector
RU2244151C2 (ru) * 1999-03-20 2005-01-10 Роберт Бош Гмбх Клапанная форсунка
EP1686257A2 (en) 2005-01-28 2006-08-02 Cummins Inc. Fuel injector with injection rate control

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5315110U (enExample) * 1976-07-20 1978-02-08
JPS5515127U (enExample) * 1978-07-14 1980-01-30
GB8709038D0 (en) * 1987-04-15 1987-05-20 Perkins Engines Group Fuel injection
GB8820706D0 (en) * 1988-09-01 1988-10-05 Lucas Ind Plc Fuel injection systems
GB8829699D0 (en) * 1988-12-20 1989-02-15 Lucas Ind Plc Fuel injection nozzles
AT1624U1 (de) * 1995-03-30 1997-08-25 Avl Verbrennungskraft Messtech Speichereinspritzsystem mit voreinspritzung für eine brennkraftmaschine

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1890702A (en) * 1929-07-22 1932-12-13 Sulzer Ag Fuel injection device for internal combustion engines
US2279010A (en) * 1941-08-19 1942-04-07 American Locomotive Co Fuel injection apparatus
US2788246A (en) * 1956-06-27 1957-04-09 Alco Products Inc Fuel injectors
US3115304A (en) * 1961-10-11 1963-12-24 Gen Motors Corp Fuel injector pump with hydraulically controlled injection valve
US3352245A (en) * 1965-12-09 1967-11-14 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Fuel injection system
US3481542A (en) * 1967-03-22 1969-12-02 Sopromi Soc Proc Modern Inject Safety device for electromagnetic fuel-injection spray nozzles for internal combustion engines

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB785411A (en) * 1955-02-23 1957-10-30 Saurer Ag Adolph Improvements in and relating to injection nozzles for internal combustion engines
GB1094659A (en) * 1964-10-26 1967-12-13 Ricardo & Co Engineers Fuel injection apparatus for internal combustion engines
DE1950144A1 (de) * 1969-10-04 1971-04-15 Ricardo & Co Engineers Brennstoffeinspritzanlage
FR2064651A5 (enExample) * 1969-10-07 1971-07-23 Ricardo Et Co

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1890702A (en) * 1929-07-22 1932-12-13 Sulzer Ag Fuel injection device for internal combustion engines
US2279010A (en) * 1941-08-19 1942-04-07 American Locomotive Co Fuel injection apparatus
US2788246A (en) * 1956-06-27 1957-04-09 Alco Products Inc Fuel injectors
US3115304A (en) * 1961-10-11 1963-12-24 Gen Motors Corp Fuel injector pump with hydraulically controlled injection valve
US3352245A (en) * 1965-12-09 1967-11-14 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Fuel injection system
US3481542A (en) * 1967-03-22 1969-12-02 Sopromi Soc Proc Modern Inject Safety device for electromagnetic fuel-injection spray nozzles for internal combustion engines

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3831863A (en) * 1972-01-15 1974-08-27 Cav Ltd Fuel injection nozzles
US4250857A (en) * 1978-09-13 1981-02-17 The Bendix Corporation Fuel injector for producing shaped injection pulses
US4830285A (en) * 1986-12-22 1989-05-16 Diesel Kiki Co., Ltd. Fuel injection nozzle
US4993637A (en) * 1988-09-21 1991-02-19 Usui Kokusai Sangyo Kaisha, Ltd. Fuel injector
US5127583A (en) * 1989-07-21 1992-07-07 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Accumulator type injection nozzle
US5029568A (en) * 1990-01-10 1991-07-09 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Injection rate control injector
EP0889233A2 (en) 1993-05-06 1999-01-07 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Compact high performance fuel system with accumulator
US5678521A (en) * 1993-05-06 1997-10-21 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. System and methods for electronic control of an accumulator fuel system
US5647536A (en) * 1995-01-23 1997-07-15 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Injection rate shaping nozzle assembly for a fuel injector
US5769319A (en) * 1995-01-23 1998-06-23 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Injection rate shaping nozzle assembly for a fuel injector
US5619969A (en) * 1995-06-12 1997-04-15 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Fuel injection rate shaping control system
US5865373A (en) * 1996-01-13 1999-02-02 Lucas Industries Fuel Pump/injector
US5765755A (en) * 1997-01-23 1998-06-16 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Injection rate shaping nozzle assembly for a fuel injector
US6073862A (en) * 1998-09-16 2000-06-13 Westport Research Inc. Gaseous and liquid fuel injector
US6336598B1 (en) 1998-09-16 2002-01-08 Westport Research Inc. Gaseous and liquid fuel injector with a two way hydraulic fluid control valve
WO2000049288A1 (de) * 1999-02-20 2000-08-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzventil
RU2244151C2 (ru) * 1999-03-20 2005-01-10 Роберт Бош Гмбх Клапанная форсунка
US6471142B1 (en) * 1999-04-01 2002-10-29 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Fuel injector
US6360727B1 (en) 2000-03-14 2002-03-26 Alfred J. Buescher Reduce initial feed rate injector with fuel storage chamber
US6354271B1 (en) 2000-12-11 2002-03-12 Caterpillar Inc. Hydraulically-actuated fuel injector with enhanced peak injection pressure and stepped top intensifier
US6439201B1 (en) * 2000-12-20 2002-08-27 Caterpillar Inc. Fuel injector having dual flow rate capabilities and engine using same
EP1686257A2 (en) 2005-01-28 2006-08-02 Cummins Inc. Fuel injector with injection rate control
US20080006712A1 (en) * 2005-01-28 2008-01-10 Cummins Inc. Fuel injector with injection rate control
US7334741B2 (en) 2005-01-28 2008-02-26 Cummins Inc. Fuel injector with injection rate control

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1342357A (en) 1974-01-03
JPS511806B1 (enExample) 1976-01-21
DE2131072A1 (de) 1971-12-30
FR2099831A5 (enExample) 1972-03-17

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