US3744959A - Method of burning molded carbon bodies in round-down-draft kilns - Google Patents

Method of burning molded carbon bodies in round-down-draft kilns Download PDF

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Publication number
US3744959A
US3744959A US00116534A US3744959DA US3744959A US 3744959 A US3744959 A US 3744959A US 00116534 A US00116534 A US 00116534A US 3744959D A US3744959D A US 3744959DA US 3744959 A US3744959 A US 3744959A
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United States
Prior art keywords
chamber
chambers
preheating zone
cooling
zone
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00116534A
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English (en)
Inventor
E Nedopil
W Krohe
K Wittmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SIGRI ELEKTROGRAPHIT GmbH
SIGRI ELEKTROPHIT GmbH DT
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SIGRI ELEKTROGRAPHIT GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19702008206 external-priority patent/DE2008206C3/de
Priority claimed from DE19702010372 external-priority patent/DE2010372B2/de
Application filed by SIGRI ELEKTROGRAPHIT GmbH filed Critical SIGRI ELEKTROGRAPHIT GmbH
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3744959A publication Critical patent/US3744959A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/52—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbon, e.g. graphite
    • C04B35/528—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbon, e.g. graphite obtained from carbonaceous particles with or without other non-organic components
    • C04B35/532—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbon, e.g. graphite obtained from carbonaceous particles with or without other non-organic components containing a carbonisable binder

Definitions

  • molded carbon bodies consisting of mixtures of solid carbonaceous substances, such as e.g., cokes, graphites and soots with binders, such as coal tar asphaltum and synthetic resins
  • solid cokes form from said binders, together with gaseous swelling products and free hydrogen.
  • the amount of swelling gases and hydrogen developing per unit time is a function of the heating rate, as well as the volume of the binder content. It is known that during the burning process, the specific heating rate applying for each carbon quality is not to be exceeded, if the burning is to be free of rejects. If the gas quantity is too high, tears and other structural faults will occur in the molded carbon bodies, thus reducing the value of the end product or completely eliminating industrial utilization.
  • Round down-draft kilns wherein formed carbon bodies are preferably burned comprises a number of chambers connected through flue or boiler gas and fresh air ducts.
  • the flue gas is sucked in by the firing chamber to the chimney via newly charged chambers which are connected in series.
  • the flue gas thereby relinquishes a portion ofits sensible heat, giving it up to the combustion product, so that the heating rate of the combustion product may be regulated within given limits, by the design of the furnace, through changes in the chimney draft.
  • Our invention has among its objects the reducing of the temperature rise in the coking chamber, between about 300 and 600 C, so that no waste results from the formation of tears in the formed carbon bodies.
  • the ahead of and after connected chambers are to be heated with higher temperature gradients or, in other words, chamber temperatures are to be regulated independently from their adjacent chambers.
  • one or more ofthe chambers connected ahead of the boiler or boilers are cooled by the introduction of cold gases or vapors.
  • gases or vapors which do not attack the ceramic brick lining of the chambers, for example, air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and water vapor.
  • the method of the invention limits the temperature rise in the chambers of round down-draft kilns within a temperature range between 350 and 600 C, so that no tears occur in formed carbon bodies.
  • the temperature gradients in less critical ranges may be increased in order to make possible a fast, economical burning of formed carbon bodies.
  • it is preferred to measure the furnace draft between the tire box and the cooled chamber so as to be able to regulate the withdrawn amount of flue gas, independent of the volume of the introduced cooling gas.
  • FIG. 1 shows in plan view, an annular kiln with twenty chambers Whereinto air is introduced according to the invention, for regulating the chamber temperature;
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the same kiln with a device for introducing water through nozzles
  • FIG. 3 shows a burning curve which constitutes the median chamber temperature.
  • the temperature of the charge material in the fire box 1 (FIG. 1) heated with heating oil amounts to 1,000 C.
  • the combustion air is sucked in through the covered chamber 17 via chambers l8, l9 and 20, to the fire box, being heated thereby, by cooling the chamber contents.
  • the fire box gas flows in clockwise direction from the box or chamber 1 via chambers 2, 3 etc., to chamber 12 and from there through the transport line 21, into the flue gas channel which leads to the chimney. in this manner, the flue gas dissipates a large part of its sensible heat to the charge product in the chambers 2 to 12.
  • air is sucked into the chamber through a brick channel which leads to the slotted flange wall of the chamber.
  • the underpressure effected by the chimney draft in the chamber amounts to about 10 to 15 mm Hg.
  • Regulation of the supplied volume of air is possible through a throttle valve which engages the inlet opening of the channel.
  • the furnace draft is measured with the manometer 25, situated at chamber 4, in order to regulate the amount of flue gas to be withdrawn.
  • FIG. 2 discloses another example of the method according to the invention.
  • the chamber temperature is measured by thermoelement 125, which also passes through the chamber cover.
  • slide valve 26 is opened and Water is sprayed into the fire shafts of the chamber 6.
  • the water drops evaporate in the rising up current of flue gas and cool the gas down to a non-critical value.
  • the valve 26 maybe controlled in a known manner, via the thermal voltage of the thermoelement 25.
  • the invention is not limited to the disclosed examples. More particularly, several of the chambers connected behind the boiler or boilers may be cooled through the spraying-in of water or cooled partly by water and partly by cold gases or vapors. To effect a speedy vaporization of the sprayed-in water it is preferable, especially with respect to small chamber dimensions, to introduce water through a nozzle supplemented with compressed air.
  • FIG. 3 shows chamber temperatures attained in accordance with the method of the invention (interrupted curve) compared to the temperature of a burning without boiler-gas cooling (drawn-out curve).
  • any inert, non-aggressive gas, each inert vapor or vaporizable liquid may be used for cooling purposes.
  • the feed-in of the coolant is feasible into each or even several chambers, between the fire box and the flue gas outlet.
  • the coolant may also be sucked in, for example, through suitable openings provided in the chamber covers, into the chambers to be cooled or may be forced thereinto; to effect a better through-mixing with the boiler gases, eddy nozzles or similar devices should be provided.
  • the advantages of the method of the invention lie particularly in the fact that in round down-draft kilns, the burning curves may be adjusted to the characteristics of the formed carbon bodies which are to be burned, which results in shorter burning periods, accompanied by a smaller burning waste.
  • each section comprising a plurality of chambers adapted to contain the carbon bodies and a protective packing material.
  • each of the chambers containing fire shafts, fluid fuel burner units disposed in at least one of the chambers of the firing zone and fans to suck flue 'gas from the firing zone through the preheating zone to a chimney, the improvement which comprises cooling at least one of the chambers of the preheating zone by the introduction of cold gases or vapors.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
US00116534A 1970-02-21 1971-02-18 Method of burning molded carbon bodies in round-down-draft kilns Expired - Lifetime US3744959A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19702008206 DE2008206C3 (de) 1970-02-21 1970-02-21 Verfahren zum Brennen von Kohlenstoff-Formkörpern in Kammerringöfen
DE19702010372 DE2010372B2 (de) 1970-03-05 1970-03-05 Verfahren zum brennen von kohlenstoff-formkoerpern in kammerringoefen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3744959A true US3744959A (en) 1973-07-10

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US00116534A Expired - Lifetime US3744959A (en) 1970-02-21 1971-02-18 Method of burning molded carbon bodies in round-down-draft kilns

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3744959A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) AT313146B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH566943A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2080680B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1274622A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE374095B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS51131495A (en) * 1975-05-02 1976-11-15 Riedhammer Hans Method of burning carbons in rotary kilns and rotary kilns
EP0019425A1 (en) * 1979-05-17 1980-11-26 Alcan Research And Development Limited Process for baking carbon electrodes
WO2010128226A1 (fr) * 2009-06-15 2010-11-11 Alcan International Limited Procede de regulation d'un four de cuisson d'anodes et four adapte a sa mise en oeuvre

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2318576A (en) * 1940-10-19 1943-05-11 Gerald D Arnold Art of preserving elements of organic materials
US2607199A (en) * 1947-08-07 1952-08-19 Simpson Herbert Corp Method of cooling and conveying material
US2699931A (en) * 1951-08-06 1955-01-18 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Heat treatment of shaped bodies

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2318576A (en) * 1940-10-19 1943-05-11 Gerald D Arnold Art of preserving elements of organic materials
US2607199A (en) * 1947-08-07 1952-08-19 Simpson Herbert Corp Method of cooling and conveying material
US2699931A (en) * 1951-08-06 1955-01-18 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Heat treatment of shaped bodies

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS51131495A (en) * 1975-05-02 1976-11-15 Riedhammer Hans Method of burning carbons in rotary kilns and rotary kilns
EP0019425A1 (en) * 1979-05-17 1980-11-26 Alcan Research And Development Limited Process for baking carbon electrodes
US4253823A (en) * 1979-05-17 1981-03-03 Alcan Research & Development Limited Procedure and apparatus for baking carbon bodies
WO2010128226A1 (fr) * 2009-06-15 2010-11-11 Alcan International Limited Procede de regulation d'un four de cuisson d'anodes et four adapte a sa mise en oeuvre
FR2946737A1 (fr) * 2009-06-15 2010-12-17 Alcan Int Ltd Procede de regulation d'un four de cuisson de blocs carbones et four adapte a sa mise en oeuvre.
CN102753926A (zh) * 2009-06-15 2012-10-24 力拓艾尔坎国际有限公司 调整阳极焙烧炉的方法以及适于使用该方法的炉
AU2010244307B2 (en) * 2009-06-15 2014-04-03 Rio Tinto Alcan International Limited Control process for an anode baking furnace and adapted furnace using such process
RU2527929C2 (ru) * 2009-06-15 2014-09-10 Рио Тинто Алкан Интернэшнл Лимитед Способ регулирования печи для обжига анодов и печь, адаптированная для осуществления этого способа
CN102753926B (zh) * 2009-06-15 2014-12-10 力拓艾尔坎国际有限公司 调整阳极焙烧炉的方法以及适于使用该方法的炉
US9958208B2 (en) 2009-06-15 2018-05-01 Rio Tinto Alcan International Limited Control process for an anode baking furnace and adapted furnace using such process

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE374095B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-02-24
CH566943A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-09-30
FR2080680A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-11-19
GB1274622A (en) 1972-05-17
FR2080680B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-02-02
AT313146B (de) 1974-02-11

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