US3720003A - Method and apparatus for the drying of green ceramic and other materials - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for the drying of green ceramic and other materials Download PDF

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Publication number
US3720003A
US3720003A US00114245A US3720003DA US3720003A US 3720003 A US3720003 A US 3720003A US 00114245 A US00114245 A US 00114245A US 3720003D A US3720003D A US 3720003DA US 3720003 A US3720003 A US 3720003A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
drying
air
space
treatment space
ducts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00114245A
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English (en)
Inventor
E Huthmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Keller Ofenbau GmbH
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Keller Ofenbau GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Keller Ofenbau GmbH filed Critical Keller Ofenbau GmbH
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Publication of US3720003A publication Critical patent/US3720003A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/28—Slip casting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/30—Drying methods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
    • F26B21/022—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure with provisions for changing the drying gas flow pattern, e.g. by reversing gas flow, by moving the materials or objects through subsequent compartments, at least two of which have a different direction of gas flow
    • F26B21/028—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure with provisions for changing the drying gas flow pattern, e.g. by reversing gas flow, by moving the materials or objects through subsequent compartments, at least two of which have a different direction of gas flow by air valves, movable baffles or nozzle arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
    • F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method of and apparatus for the drying of material to be dried which is very difficult to handle and is of a predominantly ceramic character, in particular porcelain high-voltage insulal tors, glass crucibles or other large moulded articles of ceramic or similar materials, for example made of sinter material or magnetic powder.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for the drying of materials or articles to be dried predominantly of a ceramic character, which materials are very difficult to handle, in particular porcelain high-voltage insulators, in which the drying air is made suitable for the material or articles to be dried appropriate to the drying ambient so that a favorable drying period is achieved.
  • a method of drying materials comprising the steps of placing the material to be dried in a drying space, circulating drying air in a pre-treatment space separate from the drying space to bring the air to an appropriate temperature and humidity, and admitting the pre-treated drying air to the drying space at a controlled rate.
  • a separating wall in which are provided adjustable closure valves.
  • the necessary drying time while avoiding the formation of drying cracks is substantially reduced since the drying ambient, before the commencement of drying, can be regulated as to temperature, humidity and amount of air movement corresponding to physical requirements of the material.
  • FIG. I is a longitudinal section through the apparatus in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a section on the line IIIIII of FIG. 1.
  • drying space 2 In the lower part of the drying chamber 1 there is a drying space 2, which is divided into two compartments 2a and 2b, to which carriages laden with material to be dried are inserted. Above the drying space 2 there is arranged an air pre-treatment space 3 which is separated from the drying space 2 by a separating wall 4.
  • the separating wall 4 has two air entry holes 5 and 6 in the region of the drying chamber outer walls 1a and 1b which can be closed by means of flap valves or slides 7 and 8. Furthermore, air outlet holes 9 are provided at the center of the separating wall 4.
  • the air ducts l2 and 13 serve for the removal of excess wet air or for the supply of fresh air.
  • the air ducts l2 and 13 extend from the transverse wall 10 to the opposite transverse wall 1d and are provided with openings 14 and 15 which are closable by means of flap valves 16 and 17.
  • air heaters 20 and 21 are provided, which bring the air to the required temperature while the ambient control passage 19 contains air humidifiers 22, 23 which impart to the heated air the correct air humidity.
  • closure valves 7 and 8 remain closed initially so that no air circulation takes place in the drying space 2.
  • the drying air is circulated initially separately in the air pre-treatment space in such a manner that it is brought to the required during temperature and air humidity as a result of flow through the air heaters 20 and 21 and the air humidifiers 22, 23, for example a temperature of 60C and 90percent humidity.
  • the pretreatment of the drying air the removal of moisture in the moulded article is effected by evaporation so that the moisture is dispersed in the form of a gas in the drying air. Mist and drip formation are prevented by the baffle plates and the air humidifiers 22 and 23 and by the heating of the air.
  • the air humidifiers which are used are well known and can be obtained commercially.
  • the closure valves 7 and 8 are opened so far that initially only a small part of the drying air can enter through the air inlet valves and 6 into the drying chamber 2, where it flows over and around the drying material and is removed through the air outlet holes 9 from the drying space 2 and is returned to the air pretreatment space 3.
  • the dry I ing space 2 is only ventilated to a small extent, so that only a small air movement takes place, and thus water is only gradually removed from the material to be dried. The heat penetrates slowly to the core and drives the water outwardly.
  • valves 7 and 8 are further opened so that at the end of the drying process the drying air passes unhindered through the air inlet valves 5 and 6 and can pass through the drying space 2 with full force.
  • Apparatus for drying materials comprising means defining a drying space for the reception of the material
  • control valve means controlling communication between the pre-treatment space and the drying s ace
  • valves controlling flow through said ducts
  • said ducts being disposed laterally of the fans and serving to define said passageways in conjunction with the means defining the air pre-treatment space.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
US00114245A 1970-02-11 1971-02-10 Method and apparatus for the drying of green ceramic and other materials Expired - Lifetime US3720003A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19702006043 DE2006043A1 (ja) 1970-02-11 1970-02-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3720003A true US3720003A (en) 1973-03-13

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00114245A Expired - Lifetime US3720003A (en) 1970-02-11 1971-02-10 Method and apparatus for the drying of green ceramic and other materials

Country Status (2)

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US (1) US3720003A (ja)
DE (1) DE2006043A1 (ja)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3882612A (en) * 1973-07-27 1975-05-13 Moore Dry Kiln Co Method and apparatus for limiting the concentration of combustible volatiles in dryer emissions
US4039278A (en) * 1974-03-18 1977-08-02 Andrew Denholm Bakery oven
US4268974A (en) * 1977-04-05 1981-05-26 Greenbank-Cast Basalt Engineering Co. Limited Hoods for the cylinder drying section of paper making machines and other cylinder drying machines
US4344237A (en) * 1979-12-13 1982-08-17 A.P.M. Wood Products Pty. Ltd. Wood drying kiln
US4635381A (en) * 1982-06-29 1987-01-13 Gladd Industries, Inc. Paint bake oven
US4733481A (en) * 1984-01-09 1988-03-29 Gladd Industries, Inc. Paint bake oven
EP2586717A1 (de) * 2011-10-25 2013-05-01 Krones Aktiengesellschaft Schrumpftunnel
CN106288747A (zh) * 2016-08-19 2017-01-04 九牧厨卫股份有限公司 一种陶瓷坯体干燥脉冲送风工艺
US20180361619A1 (en) * 2017-06-16 2018-12-20 Guangzhen Zhou Clay Body Moisture Control and Drying Apparatus

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997018425A1 (en) * 1995-11-16 1997-05-22 Antonello Boldrini System and procedure for regulating air volume in ovens for painted automobiles

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1513932A (en) * 1922-10-05 1924-11-04 Proctor & Schwartz Inc Drier
US1859613A (en) * 1930-04-28 1932-05-24 Gen Mills Inc Fermentation cabinet
US2606372A (en) * 1949-06-22 1952-08-12 Ind Dryer Corp Apparatus for conditioning material
US2932905A (en) * 1957-05-28 1960-04-19 William L Hanley Ceramic ware dryer and preheater and method
US3001298A (en) * 1958-02-10 1961-09-26 Heat Control Inc Dryer with burner

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1513932A (en) * 1922-10-05 1924-11-04 Proctor & Schwartz Inc Drier
US1859613A (en) * 1930-04-28 1932-05-24 Gen Mills Inc Fermentation cabinet
US2606372A (en) * 1949-06-22 1952-08-12 Ind Dryer Corp Apparatus for conditioning material
US2932905A (en) * 1957-05-28 1960-04-19 William L Hanley Ceramic ware dryer and preheater and method
US3001298A (en) * 1958-02-10 1961-09-26 Heat Control Inc Dryer with burner

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3882612A (en) * 1973-07-27 1975-05-13 Moore Dry Kiln Co Method and apparatus for limiting the concentration of combustible volatiles in dryer emissions
US4039278A (en) * 1974-03-18 1977-08-02 Andrew Denholm Bakery oven
US4268974A (en) * 1977-04-05 1981-05-26 Greenbank-Cast Basalt Engineering Co. Limited Hoods for the cylinder drying section of paper making machines and other cylinder drying machines
US4344237A (en) * 1979-12-13 1982-08-17 A.P.M. Wood Products Pty. Ltd. Wood drying kiln
US4635381A (en) * 1982-06-29 1987-01-13 Gladd Industries, Inc. Paint bake oven
US4733481A (en) * 1984-01-09 1988-03-29 Gladd Industries, Inc. Paint bake oven
EP2586717A1 (de) * 2011-10-25 2013-05-01 Krones Aktiengesellschaft Schrumpftunnel
CN103072716A (zh) * 2011-10-25 2013-05-01 克罗内斯股份公司 收缩通道
CN103072716B (zh) * 2011-10-25 2015-05-06 克罗内斯股份公司 收缩通道
CN106288747A (zh) * 2016-08-19 2017-01-04 九牧厨卫股份有限公司 一种陶瓷坯体干燥脉冲送风工艺
CN106288747B (zh) * 2016-08-19 2019-05-24 九牧厨卫股份有限公司 一种陶瓷坯体干燥脉冲送风工艺
US20180361619A1 (en) * 2017-06-16 2018-12-20 Guangzhen Zhou Clay Body Moisture Control and Drying Apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2006043B2 (ja) 1971-07-08
DE2006043A1 (ja) 1971-07-08

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